Effects Of Balance Training Research Articles

4-weeks Dynamic Balance training fails to improve ankle and knee joint position sense

Objective: Research clearly shows that balance training improves balance and reduces recurrent injuries. However, the existing data is inconclusive about the effect of balance training exercises on proprioceptive outcomes. While some studies have reported positive effects of balance training on position sense other have reported insignificant findings. For that reason the purpose of this study was to determine if a dynamic balance training program centered on the use of unstable surface exercises can improve lower extremity joint position sense. Setting: University Research Laboratory Participants: Twelve healthy men (age: 22.5 ± 4.58 years, height: 181.58 ± 7.57 cm, weight:85.25 ±10.67 kg, BMI: 25.87 ± 3.01 kg/m 2 ) and 16 healthy women (age: 20.87 ± 3.4 years, height: 164.13 ± 6.15 cm, weight: 63.75 ±13.3 kg, BMI: 23.53 ± 3.94 kg/m 2 ) volunteered to participate. Intervention(s) : All participants underwent a total of 12 supervised training sessions over a 4-week period of time with each session lasting about 30 minutes. The specific exercises that were performed during each training session included: 1) hop to stabilization onto and off of a BOSU ball in four directions (anterior, lateral, anteriomedial, and anteriolateral; 2) mini-squats on a BOSU ball while in a single limb stance; 3) unanticipated reach sequences while stabilizing on a BOSU ball in a single limb stance; and 4) static single limb stance on a BOSU ball. Main Outcome Measure(s): Ankle joint position sense and knee joint position sense were assessed by a passive reproduction of passive positioning protocol. Target angles of 10° and 20° of inversion were used for ankle joint position sense; 30° and 45° of knee flexion were used for knee joint position sense assesment. Average absolute error for the dominant limb quantifed joint-position sense. Results : At the end of 4 weeks dynamic balance training program centered on the use of unstable surface, absolute error score for ankle inversion at 10° improved from 2.29±1.61 to 2.09±1.86, knee flexion at 30° improved from 5.07±2.78 to 4.80±2.55, and knee flexion at 45° improved from 4.12±2.19 to 3.87±2.25. However, this improvements were not significant (p>0.05) Conclusion: There were improvements noted (absolute error decreased for 10 o of inversion and 30 o and 45 o of knee flexion) despite the lack of significant differences and small effect sizes with 95% CIs that crossed 0. The lack of a significant improvement in absolute errors scores could be due to methodological considerations, participant characteristics and/or a training volume dose response.

Additional Intra- or Inter-session Balance Tasks Do Not Interfere With the Learning of a Novel Balance Task.

Background: It has been shown that balance training induces task-specific performance improvements with very limited transfer to untrained tasks. Thus, regarding fall prevention, one strategy is to practice as many tasks as possible to be prepared for a multitude of situations with increased fall risk. However, it is not clear whether the learning of several different balance tasks interfere with each other. A positive influence could be possible via the contextual interference (CI) effect, a negative influence could be induced by the disruption of motor memory during consolidation or retrieval.Methods: In two 3-week training experiments, we tested: (1) whether adding an additional balance task in the same training session would influence the learning of a balance task [first task: one-leg stance on a tilt-board (TB), six sessions, 15 × 20 s per session; additional task: one-leg stance on a slack line (SL), same amount of additional training]; (2) whether performing a different balance task (SL) in between training sessions of the first task (TB) would influence the learning of the first task. Twenty-six healthy subjects participated in the first experiment, 40 in the second experiment. In both experiments the participants were divided into three groups, TB only, TB and SL, and control. Before and after the training period, performance during the TB task (3 × 20 s) was recorded with a Vicon motion capturing system to assess the time in equilibrium.Results: Analyses of variance revealed that neither the additional intra-session balance task in experiment 1 nor the inter-session task in experiment 2 had a significant effect on balance performance improvement in the first task (no significant group × time interaction effect for the training groups, p = 0.83 and p = 0.82, respectively, only main effects of time).Conclusion: We could not find that additional intra- or intersession balance tasks interfere with the learning of a balance task, neither impairing it nor having a significant positive effect. This can also be interpreted as further evidence for the specificity of balance training effects, as different balance tasks do not seem to elicit interacting adaptations.

The effect of virtual reality-based balance training on motor learning and postural control in healthy adults: a randomized preliminary study

BackgroundAdults with sedentary lifestyles seem to face a higher risk of falling in their later years. Several causes, such as impairment of strength, coordination, and cognitive function, influence worsening health conditions, including balancing ability. Many modalities can be applied to improve the balance function and prevent falling. Several studies have also recorded the effects of balance training in elderly adults for fall prevention. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to define the effect of virtual reality-based balance training on motor learning and postural control abilities in healthy adults.MethodsFor this study, ten subjects were randomly allocated into either the conventional exercise (CON) or the virtual reality (VR) group. The CON group underwent physical balance training, while the VR group used the virtual reality system 4 weeks. In the VR group, the scores from three game modes were utilized to describe the effect of motor learning and define the learning curves that were derived with the power law function. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was performed to analyze the postural control in five standing tasks, and data were collected with the help of a force plate.ResultsThe average score was used to describe the effect of motor learning by deriving the mathematical models for determining the learning curve. Additionally, the models were classified into two exponential functions that relied on the aim and requirement skills. A negative exponential function was observed in the game mode, which requires the cognitive-motor function. In contrast, a positive exponential function was found in the game with use of only the motor skill. Moreover, this curve and its model were also used to describe the effect of learning in the long term and the ratio of difficulty in each game. In the balance performance, there was a significant decrease in the center of pressure parameters in the VR group, while in the CON group, there was a significant increase in the parameters during some foot placements, especially in the medio-lateral direction.ConclusionThe proposed VR-based training relies on the effect of motor learning in long-term training though different kinds of task training. In postural analysis, both exercise programs are emphasized to improve the balance ability in healthy adults. However, the virtual reality system can promote better outcomes to improve postural control post exercising.Trial registration Retrospectively registered on 25 April 2018. Trial number TCTR20180430005

The Effects of Balance Training on Balance Performance and Functional Outcome Measures Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Several studies have examined the effects of balance training in elderly individuals following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), although findings appear to be equivocal. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of balance training on walking capacity, balance-specific performance and other functional outcome measures in elderly individuals following TKA. Data sources: Pubmed, PEDro, Cinahl, SportDiscus, Scopus. Eligibility criteria: Data were aggregated following the population-intervention-comparison-outcome (PICO) principles. Eligibility criteria included: (1) randomised controlled trials; (2) studies with comparative groups; (3) training interventions were incorporated post-TKA; and (4) outcome measures included walking capacity, balance-specific performance measures, subjective measures of physical function and pain and knee range-of-motion. Elderly individuals (65 + years) who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Balance interventions that consisted of balance exercises, which were compared to control interventions that did not involve balance exercises, or to a lesser extent. Participants also undertook usual physiotherapy care in conjunction with either the balance and/or control intervention. The intervention duration ranged from 4 to 32weeks with outcome measures reported immediately following the intervention. Of these, four studies also reported follow-up measures ranging from 6 to 12months post-interventions. Study appraisal: PEDro scale. Quantitative analysis was conducted by generating forest plots to report on standardised mean differences (SMD; i.e. effect size), test statistics for statistical significance (i.e. Z values) and inter-trial heterogeneity by inspecting I2. A meta-regression was also conducted to determine whether training duration predicted the magnitude of SMD. Balance training exhibited significantly greater improvement in walking capacity (SMD = 0.57; Z = 6.30; P < 0.001; I2 = 35%), balance-specific performance measures (SMD = 1.19; Z = 7.33; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%) and subjective measures of physical function (SMD = 0.46; Z = 4.19; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%) compared to conventional training immediately post-intervention. However, there were no differences in subjective measures of pain (SMD = 0.77; Z = 1.63; P > 0.05; I2 = 95%) and knee range-of-motion (SMD = 0.05; Z = 0.39; P > 0.05; I2 = 1%) between interventions. At the 6- to 12-month follow-up period, improvement in combined measures of walking capacity and balance performance (SMD = 041; Z = 3.55; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%) were significantly greater for balance training compared to conventional training, although no differences were observed for subjective measures of physical function and pain (SMD = 0.26; Z = 2.09; P > 0.05; I2 = 0%). Finally, the training duration significantly predicted subjective measures of pain and physical function (r2 = 0.85; standardised β = 0.92; P < 0.001), although this was not observed for walking capacity and balance-specific performance measures (r2 = 0.02; standardised β = 0.13; P = 0.48). A number of outcome measures indicated high inter-trial heterogeneity and only articles published in English were included. Balance training improved walking capacity, balance-specific performance and functional outcome measures for elderly individuals following TKA. These findings may improve clinical decision-making for appropriate post-TKA exercise prescription to minimise falls risks and optimise physical function.

THE EFFECT OF BRACING AND BALANCE TRAINING ON ANKLE SPRAIN INCIDENCE AMONG ATHLETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS

Ankle sprains are common musculoskeletal injuries in the athletic population that have been addressed with prevention strategies that include bracing and balance training. Many authors have examined ankle sprain incidence after bracing or balance training in athletes at different levels of competition and in various sports. No systematic review has analyzed the results of both interventions. The purpose of this review was to compare the effect of balance training and bracing in reducing the incidence and relative risk of ankle sprains in competitive athletes, with or without prior injury, across different sports. Systematic review, with meta-analysis. A literature search of four databases was conducted for randomized control trials that reported ankle sprain incidence published from 2005 through 2016. Included articles studied high school, college, or professional level athletes with or without a history of a prior sprain, who received bracing or balance training as an intervention compared to a non-intervention control group. Methodological study quality was assessed by two reviewers using the PEDro scale, with scores ≥5 considered moderate quality. Group incidence and relative risk were determined to assess the preventative effect of bracing or balance training compared to control. From 1832 total citations, 71 full-text articles were reviewed, and eight articles were included in the study. Methodological quality of the available evidence contained in the systematic review was moderate. Five studied the effect of balance training, two studied the effect of bracing, and one studied the effect of bracing and balance training compared to the control condition. In all eight studies, athletes in the control condition did not receive any intervention. Athletes who wore braces had fewer ankle sprains (p=0.0037) and reduced their risk of sprains by 64% (RR=0.36) compared to controls, based on analysis of 3,581 subjects. Athletes performing balance training had fewer ankle sprains (p=0.0057) and reduced their risk by 46% (RR=0.54) compared to controls, based on analysis of 3,577 subjects. The findings of the current systematic review and meta-analysis support the use of bracing and balance training to reduce the incidence and relative risk of ankle sprains in athletic populations. Clinicians can utilize this information to educate their patients on wearing a brace or performing balance training exercises to decrease the risk of an ankle sprain. Level 1a.

Balance Training Reduces Postural Sway and Improves Sport-specific Performance in Visually Impaired Cross-Country Skiers.

Kurz, A, Lauber, B, Franke, S, and Leukel, C. Balance training reduces postural sway and improves sport-specific performance in visually impaired cross-country skiers. J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 247-252, 2021-Balance training is highly effective in reducing sport injuries and causes improvements in postural stability and rapid force production. So far, the positive effects of balance training have been described for healthy athletes. In the present experiments, we questioned whether athletes with disabilities of the visual system can also benefit from balance training. Fourteen visually impaired cross-country skiers participated in this randomized controlled study. The intervention group (N = 7) completed 8 sessions of balance training over a period of 4 weeks (2 times per week), whereas a waiting control group (N = 7) received no training during that time. After training, postural sway was significantly reduced in the intervention group but not in the waiting control group. In addition, sport-specific performance, which was assessed by a standardized Cooper's 12-minute test on roller skis or rollerblades, increased in the intervention group. The change in postural sway from the premeasurement to the postmeasurement correlated with the change in sport-specific performance in all subjects. Our results indicate that balance training is useful for improving postural stability and sport-specific performance in visually impaired cross-country skiers. We propose that balance training should therefore be implemented as part of the training routine in athletes with disabilities of the visual system.

Effects and Dose-Response Relationship of Balance Training on Balance Performance in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Effects and Dose-Response Relationship of Balance Training on Balance Performance in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The effectiveness of balance training without visual feedback in stroke subjects

The effectiveness of balance training without visual feedback in stroke subjects

Balance Training Reduces Brain Activity during Motor Simulation of a Challenging Balance Task in Older Adults: An fMRI Study.

Aging is associated with a shift from an automatic to a more cortical postural control strategy, which goes along with deteriorations in postural stability. Although balance training has been shown to effectively counteract these behavioral deteriorations, little is known about the effect of balance training on brain activity during postural tasks in older adults. We, therefore, assessed postural stability and brain activity using fMRI during motor imagery alone (MI) and in combination with action observation (AO; i.e., AO+MI) of a challenging balance task in older adults before and after 5 weeks of balance training. Results showed a nonsignificant trend toward improvements in postural stability after balance training, accompanied by reductions in brain activity during AO+MI of the balance task in areas relevant for postural control, which have been shown to be over-activated in older adults during (simulation of) motor performance, including motor, premotor, and multisensory vestibular areas. This suggests that balance training may reverse the age-related cortical over-activations and lead to changes in the control of upright posture toward the one observed in young adults.

Effect of balance training on falls in patients with osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Balance training may be beneficial for patients with osteoporosis, although current results are inconclusive. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the effect of balance training on falls in patients with osteoporosis. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of balance training vs usual activities on falls in patients with osteoporosis were included. Two investigators independently searched articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. The primary outcome was fall frequency. This meta-analysis was performed using the fixed- or random-effect model when appropriate. Six RCTs were included in the systematic review and 3 in the meta-analyses. Compared with control groups, a balance training intervention was found to significantly reduce the frequency of falls (risk ratio = 0.63; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.42-0.95; p = 0.03) in patients with osteoporosis, but demonstrated no remarkable influence on the results of the Berg Balance Scale (mean difference -3.66; 95% CI -12.04-4.72; p = 0.39) and Timed Up and Go test (mean difference -1.79; 95% CI -6.05-2.47; p = 0.41). Balance training may significantly reduce the frequency of falls in patients with osteoporosis.

Sports Physical Therapy Section Poster Presentations (Abstracts SPO1-SPO166).

These abstracts are presented here as prepared by the authors. The accuracy and content of each abstract remain the responsibility of the authors. In the identification number above each abstract, SPO designates a Sports Physical Therapy Section poster presentation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(1):A203-A276. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.48.1.A203.

The Influence of Video Game Training with and without Subpatelar Bandage in Mobility and Gait Speed on Elderly Female Fallers.

Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of balance training with Nintendo Wii technology, with and without the use of additional sensory information (subpatellar bandage), in the functional mobility and gait speed of elderly female fallers. Methods Twenty elderly women were divided into two groups: group I: trained with the use of the Nintendo Wii; group II: trained using the Nintendo Wii and the addition of sensory information (subpatellar bandage). The functional mobility was assessed with the Timed up and Go test (TUG) and gait speed with the 10 m test. The tests were carried out with and without the use of the subpatellar bandage. The training was carried out within sessions of 30 minutes, twice a week, using three different games (Penguin Slide, Table Tilt, and Tightrope). Results There was an increase in the gait speed and a decrease in the TUG time in both groups, independently of the sensory condition used (p < 0.05). In the short term, the subpatellar bandage improved the TUG time (p < 0.05) and the gait speed (p < 0.01). Conclusion The training for postural balance with virtual reality was effective for improving functional mobility and gait speed of elderly female fallers. The subpatellar bandage did not maximize the effect of training.

Effect of balance training with Pro-kin System on balance in patients with white matter lesions.

Patients with white matter lesions (WMLs) often present with problems of balance. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of combined Pro-kin system and conventional balance training to improve balance ability in WMLs patients.This is a randomized controlled study, and 40 participants were divided into 2 groups: the intervention group (n=18) received Pro-kin system with additional conventional balance training for 20 minutes per session, 5 times a week, for 2 weeks. The control group (n = 19) received only conventional balance training. Outcome measures were examined before and after the 2 weeks intervention using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Pro-kin system.After completion of the 2 weeks intervention, BBS, TUG, and Pro-kin system results significantly improved in the intervention group (P < .05). In the control group, BBS and Pro-kin system results significantly improved (P < .05). Changes in all outcomes but the ellipse area with eye closed (P < .05) were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group.The combination of Pro-kin system and conventional balance training is a potentially valuable treatment for patients with WMLs.

Evaluation of effects of balance training from using wobble board-based exergaming system by MSE and MMSE techniques

Balance is an important criterion in assessing health. The lack of exercise of most young people leads to an increased risk of balance abnormity as part of irregular lifestyles. This paper examines the effect of training with an interactive exercise game on young people’s balance after 1 month. The experiment and analysis followed a three-stage design. Initially, gait function testing was conducted to determine a datum point for the situation at the outset; next, a Gym Top balance trainer was used for training; finally, balance was measured with a force plate and center of pressure signals were collected. Differences in balance before and after training were analyzed with multiscale entropy and multivariate multiscale entropy methods. 12 healthy young people were recruited for the experiment. Statistical analysis of the gait test observations revealed that the number of times of standing and sitting increased significantly after training. Multiscale entropy analysis showed that the multiscale entropy curve was higher after training than before training. Multivariate multiscale entropy analysis showed that balance after training was greater than before training. These results demonstrate that the balance of young people was improved after training with a balance trainer eight times a month.

Balance Training Enhances Motor Coordination During a Perturbed Sidestep Cutting Task

Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Background Balance training may improve motor coordination. However, little is known about the changes in motor coordination during unexpected perturbations to postural control following balance training. Objectives To study the effects of balance training on motor coordination and knee mechanics during perturbed sidestep cutting maneuvers in healthy adults. Methods Twenty-six healthy men were randomly assigned to a training group or a control group. Before balance training, subjects performed unperturbed, 90° sidestep cutting maneuvers and 1 unexpected perturbed cut (10-cm translation of a movable platform). Participants in the training group participated in a 6-week balance training program, while those in the control group followed their regular activity schedule. Both groups were retested after a 6-week period. Surface electromyography was recorded from 16 muscles of the supporting limb and trunk, as well as kinematics and ground reaction forces. Motor modules were extracted from electromyography by nonnegative matrix factorization. External knee abduction moments were calculated using inverse dynamics equations. Results Balance training reduced the external knee abduction moment (33% ± 25%, P<.03, ηp2 = 0.725) and increased the activation of trunk and proximal hip muscles in specific motor modules during perturbed cutting. Balance training also increased burst duration for the motor module related to landing early in the perturbation phase (23% ± 11%, P<.01, ηp2 = 0.532). Conclusion Balance training resulted in altered motor coordination and a reduction in knee abduction moment during an unexpected perturbation. The previously reported reduction in injury incidence following balance training may be linked to changes in dynamic postural stability and modular neuromuscular control. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(11):853-862. Epub 23 Sep 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6980.

Biodex balance training versus conventional balance training for children with spastic diplegia.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of balance training using the Biodex balance system and a conventional balance training programme on balance score and on gross motor skills of children with spastic diplegia.MethodsA randomized controlled study was conducted on 48 spastic diplegic children with cerebral palsy (26 boys and 22 girls) in the age range of 5–8 years. The children were randomly allocated to two equal groups. The investigators performed balance and gross motor function assessments for every child using the paediatric Berg balance scale and the gross motor function measure −88 scale (dimensions D and E) before and after the treatment programme. Passive repositioning sense was measured by a Biodex III isokinetic dynamometer. The study group received Biodex balance training and traditional physical therapy programme training, whereas the control group received conventional balance training in addition to the traditional physical therapy programme training, 3 times per week for 12 weeks.ResultsSignificant improvement was observed in all outcome measures of the two groups, comparing their pre- and post-treatment mean values. Furthermore, the results revealed a significant (P < 0.05) improvement in mean post-treatment values for the Biodex balance training group.ConclusionBalance training using the Biodex balance system is superior to conventional balance training for improving the balance abilities and gross motor functions of children with cerebral palsy and spastic diplegia.

Effects of balance training on movement control, balance and performance in females with chronic ankle instability

: Introduction: Although chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a condition characterized by numerous ankle sprains and the recurring sensation of ankle instability, which result in activity limitations and participation restrictions. Repetition based balance training protocols on type of the balance exercises may improve the deficits often associated with CAI. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of 6 weeks repetition based balance training on movement control, balance and performance in females with CAI. Methods: A total of 30 active female with CAI were selected for this study and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Before and after the 6 weeks repetition based balance training intervention, participants were tested by completing the Mischiati test for movement control, Y balance test for balance and the Figure-8 hop and triple- crossover hop for performance. For statistical analysis, we conducted paired and sample t tests the data were analyzed using software SPSS 16 P≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The repetition-based balance protocol group improved the movement control (P=0.004), balance (P=0.006), figure-8 hop (P=0.001) and triple- crossover hop (P=0.003) performance. Conclusion: Despite some limitations, the findings clearly support the use of repetitionbased balance training exercises to improve movement control, balance and performance in females with CAI. Thus, future researchers should consider not only larger sample sizes but also longer-duration training programs to ensure the presence of notable adaptations in sensorimotor control that can.

Balance Training Programs in Athletes - a Systematic Review.

It has become almost routine practice to incorporate balance exercises into training programs for athletes from different sports. However, the type of training that is most efficient remains unclear, as well as the frequency, intensity and duration of the exercise that would be most beneficial have not yet been determined. The following review is based on papers that were found through computerized searches of PubMed and SportDiscus from 2000 to 2016. Articles related to balance training, testing, and injury prevention in young healthy athletes were considered. Based on a Boolean search strategy the independent researchers performed a literature review. A total of 2395 articles were evaluated, yet only 50 studies met the inclusion criteria. In most of the reviewed articles, balance training has proven to be an effective tool for the improvement of postural control. It is difficult to establish one model of training that would be appropriate for each sport discipline, including its characteristics and demands. The main aim of this review was to identify a training protocol based on most commonly used interventions that led to improvements in balance. Our choice was specifically established on the assessment of the effects of balance training on postural control and injury prevention as well as balance training methods. The analyses including papers in which training protocols demonstrated positive effects on balance performance suggest that an efficient training protocol should last for 8 weeks, with a frequency of two training sessions per week, and a single training session of 45 min. This standard was established based on 36 reviewed studies.

The effect of balance training intervention on postural stability in children with asthma

ABSTRACTObjective: Pulmonary rehabilitation is mainly focused on exercise training and breathing retraining in children with asthma. Conversely, balance training is not usually recommended for the treatment, although postural deficits were found in these patients. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of balance training intervention on postural stability in children with asthma. Methods: Nineteen children with mild intermittent asthma (age 11.1 ± 2.1 years, height 147.6 ± 13.9 cm, weight 41.8 ± 13.3 kg) were randomly assigned to an experimental group or a control group and completed a four-week physiotherapy program including breathing exercises and aerobic physical training (six times/week, 45 minutes). Both groups performed the same training, but only the experimental group underwent exercises on balance devices. The center of pressure (CoP) velocity in the anteroposterior (Vy) and mediolateral (Vx) directions, and total CoP velocity (Vtot) were recorded before and after training in the preferred and the adjusted stances under eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions. Results: The addition of balance intervention led to significant improvements of Vtot (p = 0.02, p = 0.04) in both types of stance, Vx in the preferred stance (p = 0.03) and Vy in the adjusted stance (p = 0.01) under EO conditions. Significant improvements were also found in Vy in the adjusted stance (p = 0.01) under EC conditions. Conclusions: Results of this study support the effectiveness of balance training as a part of physiotherapy treatment for improving balance performance, predominantly under EO conditions, in children with mild asthma.

건강한 노후생활을 위한 노인여성들의 밸런스 트레이닝 효과에 관한 연구

본 연구는 노인복지관을 이용하는 만 65세 이상 노인여성을 대상으로 생활무용 동작을 이용한 밸런스 트레이닝이 낙상관련 체력과 노화관련 호르몬에 미치는 영향을 규명하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 생활무용 동작을 이용한 밸런스 트레이닝에 따른 낙상관련 체력의 차이를 검증한 결과 낙상관련 체력요소 중 하지근력, 평형성, 심폐지구력에서 시기와 상호작용에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 생활무용 동작을 이용한 밸런스 트레이닝에 따른 노화관련 호르몬의 차이를 검증한 결과 노화관련 호르몬 중 성장호르몬이 시기와 상호작용에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다.BR 이상의 결론을 종합해 볼 때 밸런스 트레이닝은 노화에 따른 노화관련 호르몬의 긍정적 개선을 통해 신체기능의 퇴화를 예방하여 질병과 낙상예방에 효과적이라고 판단된다.BR