Effectiveness Of Education Program Research Articles

Impact of Deconvolution Strategies in Entrepreneurship Education in Universities on Students' Innovative Behavior and Entrepreneurial Success

This research investigates the impact of entrepreneurship education in Chinese colleges on students' innovative behavior and business success. The major objective of the study is to explore the role of entrepreneurship education in nurturing students' innovative behavior and its contribution to entrepreneurial success. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with top academicians possessing industry and academic expertise. The data obtained from these interviews underwent a rigorous three-step evaluation process, including open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Respondents were selected using the intentional convenience sampling approach. The findings emphasize the importance of entrepreneurship education in improving students' innovative behavior by cultivating creativity, problem-solving skills, and an entrepreneurial attitude. Furthermore, the research shows that entrepreneurship education has an important role in boosting entrepreneurial success by providing students with critical knowledge, skills, and support systems. Furthermore, the study identifies important characteristics and methodology of effective entrepreneurship education programs, providing practical insights for program design and execution. The study suggests that entrepreneurship education has a beneficial impact on students' inventive behavior and greatly adds to their success as entrepreneurs. It emphasizes the value of such education in developing creativity, problem-solving skills, and an entrepreneurial perspective. In addition, the study gives useful guidance for developing and implementing effective entrepreneurship education programs. The paper recommends performing quantitative studies to establish causal linkages, researching the processes by which entrepreneurship education affects innovative behavior, and investigating the transferability of effective programs across varied settings for future research.

Nexus between Financial Education, Literacy, and Financial Behavior: Insights from Vietnamese Young Generations

This study examines the relationship between financial education, financial literacy, and financial behavior among young Vietnamese adults. Based on survey data from over 1000 participants, this study measures financial literacy through objective and subjective knowledge and financial ability. Financial behavior is assessed in terms of short-term behaviors (emergency funds, spending, overdraft, and budgeting) and long-term behaviors (retirement planning, having a retirement account, investment, and setting financial goals). Logistic and ordered logistic regression models are employed to analyze the data. The findings indicate a significant difference in financial behavior between individuals who have received financial education and those who have not. This study also reveals that financial literacy has a negative impact on short-term financial behaviors but a positive effect on long-term financial behaviors. This novel finding highlights the importance of considering different time horizons when examining the interplay between financial literacy and behaviors. The insights from this study hold implications for policymakers, educators, and financial institutions in developing countries like Vietnam, as they can inform the design of effective financial education programs. Ultimately, this research contributes to enhancing the financial well-being of young adults and supporting the country’s overall economic growth.

The nature of science: The fundamental role of natural history in ecology, evolution, conservation, and education.

There is a contemporary trend in many major research institutions to de-emphasize the importance of natural history education in favor of theoretical, laboratory, or simulation-based research programs. This may take the form of removing biodiversity and field courses from the curriculum and the sometimes subtle maligning of natural history research as a "lesser" branch of science. Additional threats include massive funding cuts to natural history museums and the maintenance of their collections, the extirpation of taxonomists across disciplines, and a critical under-appreciation of the role that natural history data (and other forms of observational data, including Indigenous knowledge) play in the scientific process. In this paper, we demonstrate that natural history knowledge is integral to any competitive science program through a comprehensive review of the ways in whichthey continue to shape modern theory and the public perception of science. We do so by reviewing how natural history research has guided the disciplines of ecology, evolution, and conservation and how natural history data are crucial for effective education programs and public policy. We underscore these insights with contemporary case studies, including: how understanding the dynamics of evolutionary radiation relies on natural history data; methods for extracting novel data from museum specimens; insights provided by multi-decade natural history programs; and how natural history is the most logical venue for creating an informed and scientifically literate society. We conclude with recommendations aimed at students, university faculty, and administrators for integrating and supporting natural history in their mandates. Fundamentally, we are all interested in understanding the natural world, but we can often fall into the habit of abstracting our research away from its natural contexts and complexities. Doing so risks losing sight of entire vistas of new questions and insights in favor of an over-emphasis on simulated or overly controlled studies.

Development and Effects of Mobile-Application-Based Parenting Support Program for Premature Infants' Mothers.

Premature infants are separated from their parents after birth and are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Separation of babies from mothers causes various problems. Therefore, as the number of premature infants increases every year, educational programs to continuously support baby care are needed. In this study, a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was employed. The subjects of the study were 52 mothers of premature infants (16 in the app-based program group, 18 in the electronic document group, and 18 in the control group) using a portal site for parents from February to April 2023. The app-based program and electronic document group followed a parenting support program for two weeks. There were significant differences in maternal confidence between the app-based, electronic document, and control groups (F = 7.354, p = 0.002). Providing necessary information and emotional support through professional counseling centers' app-based programs for premature infants' mothers, and providing interaction through member community bulletin boards, are proposed to form an effective educational program.

Religion and development in Samoa: Time to draw on the strength of local culture?

AbstractMotivationAs in much of the Pacific, Samoans understand their culture through Western religious lenses. Christianity and fa'a‐Samoa (culture and practices) are entangled; they determine Samoa's daily reality of governance, society, and economic development. To discuss Samoa's development over the past two centuries without addressing Samoan agency in maintaining the Christian mantle to navigate their worldviews would be to misrepresent modern Samoa. Policy and investment for economic development, especially foreign aid, is largely determined at national level. Samoa's most vital communities to effect change, however, are local: church congregations and their leaders.PurposeI examine the intersections of religiosity and Samoa's development. Should foreign aid donors consider Samoa's religious communities to implement effective education, poverty, and development programmes if religion is regarded as a cultural entity?Methods and approachI used talanoa to collect data from discussions with directors of two leading aid donors in Samoa, the United Nations (UN) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and the Aid Coordinator for the Government of Samoa. Talanoa is a face‐to‐face dialogue often used in Pacific communities.FindingsReligion plays a significant role in Samoan society. Samoans view economic development, the improvement of the lives of ordinary citizens, job stability, and education as part of the manuia (blessings) of Samoa's religious and political status and community tapuaiga (prayers). That said, religion is not considered in formal discussions of aid and development. The interviewees agree that aid donors should understand the role of religion in daily society.Policy implicationsPerhaps it is time for aid donors and Christian Pacific Island countries to use these unorthodox methods for positive economic and social changes. As stated in Samoa's World Summit on Sustainable Development Assessment Report, “the potential influential standing and the extensive outreach of the church within the community makes it a valuable vehicle to drive pro‐harmony strategies” (Government of Samoa, 2000).

Human factors in cybersecurity: Designing an effective cybersecurity education program for healthcare staff.

Leaders who promote cybersecurity education focused on the human factors of cyberattack build a resilient workforce that complements technical protections, reducing organizational risk. Cybersecurity is a priority for information technology teams, relying primarily on technology to protect systems. As technical protections mature, the vulnerability shifts to human factors. Education must focus on the risk presented by humans rather than machines. A human factors-centred education program trains human reaction to threats considering the unique healthcare environment. Leaders may look to industries, like aviation, experiencing similar technical advancement, for education practices based on human factors. This article outlines a cybersecurity education program developed for healthcare, applying strategies adopted from commercial aviation. Four core pillars of training are defined: (1) dynamic education delivery options, (2) social engineering focused simulations, (3) high-risk positions and role-based training, and (4) stakeholder and leadership engagement. The first phase of implementation is analyzed, and lessons learned defined.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Parents Regarding Neonatal Jaundice in Bisha City, Saudi Arabia.

Background Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is one of the most common neonatal illnesses around the world. It continues to be a leading cause of avoidable brain damage, physical and mental impairment, and death in neonates. Neonatal morbidity due to NNJ has a significant impact and cost on families and healthcare resources. The majority of instances are addressed without intervention, but others require assessment and assistance in the form of follow-up or treatment. Inadequate family awareness and understanding of this frequent newborn condition can contribute to delays and difficulties. Aim This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudesof parents regarding NNJ in Bisha City, Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional study involving 242 participants was carried out. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. The knowledge score differences between groups were analyzed using a Wilcoxon rank sum test and the Kruskal-Wallis rank test. Results In this study of 242 participants from Bisha, we found that the majority were female (155, 64.0%), employed (129, 53.3%), and held a postgraduate degree (150, 62.0%). Regarding knowledge of NNJ, 109 (45.0%) have correctly defined it as yellow pigmentation in the sclera and 64 (26.4%) as yellow pigmentation of the skin. Of most participants, 132 (54.5%) recognized that NNJ could cause complications, but 53 (40.2%) of these were unaware of what these complications might be. Notably, only 89 (36.8%) of respondents believed they had sufficient knowledge about NNJ. The median knowledge score was 3.0 (IQR, 1.0-4.0), and higher scores were significantly associated with being female and reporting sufficient knowledge about the disease. Strategies suggested for improving awareness included campaigns (98, 40.5%) and social networking programs (81, 33.5%). The data suggest a need for enhanced public education regarding NNJ. Conclusion The study highlights the need for increased awareness and education among parents in Bisha,SaudiArabia, about NNJ. The findings suggest that campaigns and social networking programs could effectively educate people about the condition. Additionally, the study provides insights into the factors associated withhigher knowledge scores, such as gender and having a child with NNJ. The results of this study may help healthcare professionals develop effective educational programs and interventions to improve parents' knowledge and attitudes toward NNJ.

Education system and labor market: interdependence issues

Formulation of the problem. The labor market has recently undergone significant changes under the influence of many factors. Among them are globalization, demographic, migration processes, international conflicts and wars, climate change, epidemics, etc. Digitalization and green transit are becoming especially relevant in all spheres of life. This affects the requirements for knowledge and skills of employers who are preparing to receive or change jobs. Therefore, the field of education faces an important task of introducing flexible and effective educational programs. The purpose of the article. To summarize statistical and analythical information and forecasts regarding changes in education in European countries and Ukraine in the context of the transformation of labor market and under the influence of the deployment of industry 4.0. The main results of the study. The article notes the growth of unemployment among young people on the European continent, which began in the early 1960s. Statistics on education and the unemployment rate in Ukraine, damages from the war that was unleashed by Russia in 2022 are given. The growing role of institutions is especially emphasized professional education and training in the general education system of the countries of the world, blurring the boundaries between secondary special and higher education. Two main trends are highlighted in education: the development of information and communication technologies and increasing the role of transversal skills. Statistics on the level of basic digital skills among citizens of EU member states and initiatives to increase the digital literacy of Europeans are given. The presence of different approaches to the ratio of general theoretical and professional disciplines in different national education systems is emphasized. Conclusions. The impact on the sphere of education and the labor market of the process of automation, robotization, and the transition to a green economy remains to be determined. The perspective of introducing integrated approaches in education such as the German "learning fields" (Lernfelder) or the professional "code" in the Finnish system is indicated.

Expanding MATCH-Type Wellness Program to Improve Adolescent Health Outcomes

MATCH (Motivating Adolescents with Technology to CHOOSE Health) is an online, interdisciplinary wellness program targeted at improving adolescent nutrition that teachers can easily incorporate into existing curricula. The shift from childhood to adolescence is characterized by rapid increases in autonomy of nutritional intake. Given that dietary habits established in adolescence often persist into adulthood, effective nutrition education programs during this period are of particular relevance. Although there are a vast number of existing nutrition education programs aimed at adolescents, we explain why MATCH and similar programs should be expanded across the United States to improve adolescent health outcomes including obesity prevention.

Current Perceptions and Unmet Needs of People with Parkinson Disease and their Families

Purpose: A new diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) occurs every nine minutes in the United States. It is a multimodality neurogenic disorder whose prevalence is expected to only increase worldwide in the coming decades. Therefore, a systematic examination of the current perception of PD symptoms and the different unmet needs of people with PD and their families can allow healthcare professionals to design more effective education, awareness, and management programs. The current study examined perceptions of different PD-related symptoms among individuals with PD and care partners (including spouses and family members) living in different communities of the United States (including Oklahoma and surrounding regions).Methods: The study included 39 participants with PD and 11 care partners based in four states (including Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas).Results: Findings indicated that participants with PD and care partners more frequently reported motor symptoms associated with PD than nonmotor and communication symptoms. In addition, specific to unmet needs, both groups reported the need for specialized services and educational resources related to PD symptoms in their respective communities.Conclusions: Overall, there is a need for more widespread education and access to specialized services specific to PD. Overall, findings from the study will help create more effective service delivery programs for individuals with PD and their families in different communities.

Do junior doctors make more prescribing errors than experienced doctors when prescribing electronically using a computerised physician order entry system combined with a clinical decision support system? A cross-sectional study

ObjectivesPrescribing errors can lead to inconvenience, morbidity and mortality. It is therefore crucial to educate doctors to prescribe safely, efficiently and effectively. To create an effective educational programme, it is...

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Breast Cancer Patients Toward Lymphedema Complications: Cross-Sectional Study.

Breast cancer is commonly treated through surgical resection, but a common complication of the procedure is lymphedema of the upper limbs, which can significantly impact patients' daily life. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of breast cancer patients with regard to lymphedema complications. This cross-sectional study was conducted by a self-administered questionnaire between August and October 2022 toward breast cancer patients in our Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. A total of 529 breast cancer patients were enrolled, including 186 (35.16%) aged < 50years old. Participants had moderate knowledge, attitudes, and practices with scores of 18.24 ± 3.145 (possible range: 0-30), 62.24 ± 10.260 (possible range: 17-85), and 63.27 ± 20.967 (possible range: 21-105), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that high school/technical secondary school (OR = 1.880, 95% CI = 1.107-3.194, P = 0.019) and being retired (OR = 0.482, 95% CI = 0.245-0.947, P = 0.034) were independently associated with good knowledge. Knowledge (OR = 1.321, 95% CI = 1.222-1.428, P < 0.001) was independently associated with a good attitude. Furthermore, knowledge (OR = 1.262, 95% CI = 1.151-1.384, P < 0.001) and attitude (OR = 1.122, 95% CI = 1.085-1.160, P < 0.001) were independently associated with good practice. Breast cancer patients have moderate knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding lymphedema complications. Effective education and self-management programs are needed to improve patients' KAP toward lymphedema.

Students' Performance Prediction in Higher Education Using Multi-Agent Framework-Based Distributed Data Mining Approach

An effective educational program warrants the inclusion of an innovative construction that enhances the higher education efficacy in such a way that accelerates the achievement of desired results and reduces the risk of failures. Educational decision support system has currently been a hot topic in educational systems, facilitating the pupil result monitoring and evaluation to be performed during their development. In this literature survey, the authors have discussed the importance of multi-agent systems and comparative machine learning approaches in EDSS development. They explored the relationship between machine learning and multiagent intelligent systems in literature to conclude their effectiveness in student performance prediction paradigm. They used the PRISMA model for the literature review process. They finalized 18 articles published between 2014-2022 for the survey that match the research objectives.

Body Mass Index and Nutritional Intake among Primary School Children in Urban Area, Egypt

Abstract Introduction Primary school children are more vulnerable to malnutrition; underweight or obesity. Continuous nutritional assessment of the vulnerable groups is very important for the evaluation of current health status, besides future planning for prevention and control programs. Aim of the Work To assess the nutritional status and body mass index among primary school children attending primary healthcare centre in 10th of Ramadan city, El Sharqia Governorate, Egypt, and to identify different demographic factors that can affect nutritional status among them. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 randomly selected primary school children. An interview questionnaire was used to collect data including demographic characteristics, family history of obesity, food intake using food frequency formula and the pyramid of food servings. Anthropometric characteristics including weight, height and BMI was estimated. Results The age ranged (6-12) for males and (6-9) for females, the mean was 8.62 and SD was 1.69. The mean height and weight of studied children were 127.33 ± 11.20 cm and 36.23 ± 13.74 kg respectively. Most of them had normal current weight (41.7%) and normal birth weight (86.7%). Overweight and obese represent 8.3% and 16.7% respectively, while underweighted children represent 33.3%. BMI was associated with child age, family opinion in child weight, birth weight and family history of obesity. Most of studied children took sufficient amount of animal protein, while consuming grains &amp; carbohydrates, beans, vegetables, fruits and fats 4-6 times per week. 80.0% consume sweets &amp; processed sugar 4-6 times per week. Consumption of junk foods and soft drinks and juices was high (66.7% for each) 4-6 times per week. Diet was statistically associated with BMI (frequency and standard requirements); overweight and obese children took carbohydrates &amp; grains, soft drinks &amp;juices and junk foods in amounts that above the standard requirements and in higher frequency compared to underweight and normal weight children (≥4 times per week). The consumption of vegetables and fruits was not related to BMI as most of participated children took them at the standard requirement. Conclusion and recommendations The prevalence of malnutrition disorder (underweight and obesity) among primary school children in 10th of Ramadan City is considerable. High BMI was associated with high frequency of eating carbohydrates&amp; grains, soft drinks &amp; juices, fats and junk foods and their daily requirements. Low BMI in underweight children not related to significant type of food as they mainly took their standard requirements in frequency around 4 times per week. Feasible and effective nutritional and educational programs for primary school children must consider child characteristics and eating habits.

Factors affecting students’ attitudes towards reproductive health in the north of Iran: Designing an educational program

BackgroundIt is essential to empower young people to promote reproductive health (RH) and develop effective educational programs to prevent risky behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting students’ attitudes towards RH based on the ecological model and then design an educational program.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 461 female students aged 18–29 in the north of Iran. This study was done in two stages. In the first stage, factors affecting the attitude towards RH including demographic questionnaire, interpersonal communication skills, family communication pattern, depression, stress and anxiety, body self-image, and self-confidence were determined. In the second stage, an educational program was designed based on the most effective factors. Independent t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression were employed using SPSS version 20 software. Also, STATA version 15 software was utilized for statistical modeling to predict the best predictive model of attitude towards RH.Results47.7% of students had a good attitude toward RH. The majority of students had problems with interpersonal communication skills (60.7%). Also, 28.5% experienced depression, 35.8% anxiety, and 12.8% stress at different levels. More than a quarter of the students (26.5%) had poor body self-image and 18.7% had Undesirable self-esteem. Interpersonal skills (P = 0.002), family communication pattern (P = 0.004), stress (p = 0.019), anxiety (P = 0.001), and body self-image (P = 0.034) have a significant relationship with the attitude towards RH. The multiple regression showed that the most important effective factor on RH is the dialogue orientation of family communication pattern (P = 0.041), stress (P = 0.002), and anxiety (P = 0.001).ConclusionStress and anxiety management training and the use of dialogue orientation in the family communication pattern for young female students are recommended based on the scientific model.

Student Character Grouping Based on Six Dimensions of Pancasila Student Profile Using Clustering Method (Case Study of SMK Swasta Setia Budi Binjai)

Character education is one of the important aspects in developing students into individuals with integrity, ethics, and responsibility. Pancasila as the foundation of the Indonesian state has a central role in shaping students' character. This study aims to categorize student character based on six dimensions of the Pancasila learner profile at SMK Swasta Setia Budi Binjai. The six dimensions of the Pancasila learner profile that are the focus of this study include: 1) Faithful, Devoted to God Almighty and Noble, 2) Global Diversity, 3) Mutual Cooperation, 4) Independent, 5) Creative, 6) Critical Reasoning. The clustering method is used to group students based on the Pancasila learner profile measured through questionnaires distributed to subject teachers. The collected data will be analyzed using relevant clustering algorithms to identify the pattern of student characters present in the school population. This research is expected to provide deeper insight into the character of students at SMK Swasta Setia Budi Binjai based on Pancasila values. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for the development of a more effective character education program that focuses on strengthening the values of Pancasila in an effort to produce a young generation with strong character, love for the country, and contribute positively to society and the nation.

Effects of misleading online advertisements on the purchase intention of mature Chinese consumers for dietary supplements

PurposeAdvertisements for dietary supplements (DS) often include misleading claims regarding their health benefits. In this study, the authors designed an online advertisement for plant-based DS featuring misleading claims and investigated its effects on mature Chinese consumers before and after revealing the false claims. A consumer involvement framework was developed to evaluate the mediating effect of advertising involvement (AI) on the correlation between product involvement (PI), situational involvement (SI) and purchase intention (PI).Design/methodology/approachA total of 467 mature adults aged over 40 years who resided in China's Yangtze River Delta region and had experience in purchasing DS online were recruited. Relevant data were collected through an online survey and analysed through structural equation modelling.FindingsCognitive PI was positively correlated with both SI and PI and SI was positively correlated with PI. AI negatively moderated the correlation between affective PI and SI. Both cognitive PI and AI were positively correlated with PI and the correlation was mediated through SI.Originality/valueDS consumption is a rational decision-making process driven by utilitarian motives. Consumers who are aware of the misleading claims adopt a cautious evaluation approach and place themselves in specific purchase situations before making a purchase decision. This study advances the literature by incorporating the consideration of misleading advertisements into the consumer involvement model within the context of online DS consumption. The study's findings provide insights to intensify monitoring of false advertisements in the DS industry and design effective consumer education programmes.

The influence of gender, media, and internet usage on adolescents' fast food perception and fluid intake

BackgroundUnderstanding the factors that influence adolescent’s perception of fast food and their fluid consumption is crucial for designing effective nutrition education programs tailored to this population. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of sex and the use of media and the internet with adolescents' perception of fast foods and the amount of fluid consumption.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on school adolescents between the ages of 15 and 18 years in Kuwait, using a multistage stratified random sampling method (N = 706 adolescents; 343 boys and 363 girls). A pre-tested and specifically designed self-report questionnaire covering several measures such as: (a) types of foods that are considered fast foods; and (b) participant’s fluid consumption. Body weight and height were measured using calibrated medical scales. Body mass index (BMI) was computed. The adolescents were stratified by sex into two groups: boys and girls, for the purpose of analysis.ResultsSeven out of 14 food choices showed significant sex differences (p values ranged from 0.016 to < 0.001) in the adolescents’ responses to whether they perceived such food choice as fast food or not. Although differences were found between sexes, the majority of the listed fast foods were correctly recognized as fast foods by the adolescents. In addition, there were significant differences between males and females in the amount of daily drinks (ml/week) consumed from full fat milk (males = l197.1 ± 27,652.1 and females = 1662.8 ± 2221, p = 0.013), sugar-sweetened beverage (males = 2350.8 ± 3324.3 and females = 3088.9 ± 3701.1, p = 0.004), and energy drinks (males = 429.5 ± 1117.2 and females = 267.6 ± 733.8, p = 0.037). Compared to adolescents who seldom or do not watch TV or use the internet, those who engage in these sedentary activities are less likely to classify pizza (aOR (95% CI) = 0.660 (0.440–0.990), p = 0.045), grilled meat (aOR (95% CI) = 0.674 (0.477–0.954), p = 0.026), fried egg sandwiches (aOR (95% CI) = 0.617 (0.425–0.894–0.189), p = 0.011), and rice (aOR (95% CI) = 0.598(0.409–0.875), p = 0.008) as fast foods.ConclusionThe influence of TV and internet use on adolescent’s ability to accurately identify fast foods has been observed. Findings indicate the need for increased fast food nutrition education programs that are tailored towards adolescents. The study recommends further research to enhance consumer awareness of foods and drinks among adolescents in the State of Kuwait.

Critical success factors for Security Education, Training and Awareness (SETA) programme effectiveness: an empirical comparison of practitioner perspectives

PurposeCyber security has never been more important than it is today in an ever more connected and pervasive digital world. However, frequently reported shortages of suitably skilled and trained information system (IS)/cyber security professionals elevate the importance of delivering effective Security Education,Training and Awareness (SETA) programmes within organisations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the questionable effectiveness of SETA programmes at changing employee behaviour and an absence of empirical studies on the critical success factors (CSFs) for SETA programme effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory study follows a three-stage research design to give voice to practitioners with SETA programme expertise. Data is gathered in Stage 1 using semi-structured interviews with 20 key informants (the emergence of the CSFs), in Stage 2 from 65 respondents to a short online survey (the ranking of the CSFs) and in Stage 3 using semi-structured interviews with nine IS/cyber security practitioners (the emergence of the guiding principles). Using a multi-stage research design allows the authors to propose and evaluate the 11 CSFs for SETA programme effectiveness.FindingsThis study conducted a mean score analysis to evaluate the level of importance of each CSF within two independent groups of IS/cyber security professionals. This multi-stage analysis produces a ranked list of 11 CSFs for SETA programme effectiveness, while the difference in the rankings leads to the emergence of five CSF-specific guiding principles (to increase the likelihood of delivering an effective SETA programme within an organisational context). This analysis also reveals that most of the contradictions/differences in CSF rankings between IS/cyber security practitioners are linked to the design phase of the SETA programme life cycle. While two CSFs, “maintain quarterly evaluation of employee performance” (CSF-DS6) and “build security awareness campaigns” (CSF-EV1), represent the most significant contradiction in this study.Originality/valueThe 11 CSFs for SETA programme effectiveness, along with the five CSF-specific guiding principles, provide a greater depth of knowledge contributing to both theory and practice and lays the foundation for future studies. Therefore, the outputs of this study provide valuable insights on the areas that practice needs to get right to deliver effective SETA programmes.

Creating virtual architectural education in a traditional environment: Prospects and challenges

The advent of computer technology has set off an information explosion that has changed civilization and indeed the entire workforce of today’s world. These changes presage a new context in which architecture schools must function. Traditionally, architectural education is basically between a group of persons; the teacher and the learner(s) in a defined classroom space. This mode of knowledge delivery makes the students to adopt a passive position (based on just listening to the teacher). This prevents the diversity of ideas, promotes repetitive learning and kills creativity. Virtual education on the other hand refers to instruction in a learning environment where teacher and student are separated by time or space, or both. In this knowledge delivery mode, students’ take responsibility of their learning process in an active way. Multimedia tools, electronic media like a discussion forum, chat room, voice mail, and e-mail are employed for communication. The benefits inherent in this type of learning process include sharing of resources and learning environment, promotion of collaborative learning, effective education delivery and educational programme enhancement. In this paper, the concept “virtual architectural education” is considered together with the inherent benefits for the architecture schools and profession.