Effects Of Thermal Pollution Research Articles

Effects of Thermal Pollution on the Black Flies of the Irtysh River in Kazakhstan

Effects of Thermal Pollution on the Black Flies of the Irtysh River in Kazakhstan

The Choice of Appropriate Scenario in Order to Reduce the Effect of Thermal Pollution at the Damietta Branch Caused by Cooling Water Discharged from Kafr-Al-Batek Power Station

The main purpose of this research effort was to investigate and reduce the volume of thermal polluted cooling water from returning to the Kafr-Al-Batek power station. Traditional cooling systems, such as cooling towers or ponds can be very challenging with regards to implementation in developing countries; mainly due to the lack of financial capacity. This research focused on low-cost simulation solutions that could improve thermal outcomes. Comparisons were performed between three different scenarios to decrease the elevated temperature of the discharged water (43 °C) released by the Kafr-Al-Batek power station on the Damietta branch. The different scenarios were simulated by using Star CCM+ software. The base scenario examined the discharge angle of an existing outlet. The second scenario examined a new outlet downstream from the existing outlet. The third scenario increased the width of the existing outlet in order to reduce flow velocity. A comparative analysis is provided between the aforementioned solutions to identify the most suitable and cost-effective alternative. Simulation results show that changing the discharge angle from 90° to 135° is the most effective solution. Applying this solution has the potential to decrease the water temperature at the inlet by 7 degrees Celsius (from 32 °C to 25 °C).

Effects of thermal pollution on the soft-bottoms surrounding a power station in the Canary Islands (NE Atlantic ocean)

The spatial and temporal effects of hot seawater (60–70°C) from a power station on nearby soft-bottom communities were analyzed in the protected area “Sebadales del sur de Tenerife” (SE coast of Tenerife, Canary Islands, NE Atlantic Ocean). The samples were taken during summer 2003 and winter 2004 from 12 to 20 m depth. The highest macrofaunal abundance and species diversity were found in the turbines. A specific community, characterized by the polychaetes Aponuphis bilineata and sabellids of the genus Chone and the amphipod Photis longicaudata, inhabited the surroundings of the power station turbines. Permanent current from sea effluent had majok impact over the macrofaunal community structure of the neighbouring bottom where no measurable responses to thermal disturbance were detected.

The effect of thermal pollution on benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the Mediterranean shoreface adjacent to Hadera power plant (Israel)

The thermal pollution patch of Hadera power plant was used as a natural laboratory to evaluate the potential long-term effects of rise in Eastern Mediterranean SST on living benthic foraminifera. Their sensitivity to environmental changes makes foraminifera ideal for this study. Ten monthly sampling campaigns were performed in four stations located along a temperature gradient up to 10 °C from the discharge site of heated seawater to a control station. The SST along this transect varied between 25/18 °C in winter and 36/31 °C in summer. A significant negative correlation was found between SST in all stations and benthic foraminiferal abundance, species richness and diversity. The total foraminiferal abundance and species richness was particularly low at the thermally polluted stations especially during summer when SST exceeded 30 °C, but also throughout the entire year. This indicates that thermal pollution has a detrimental effect on benthic foraminifera, irrelevant to the natural seasonal changes in SST.

Potential Changes in Aquatic Biota in the Period of Global Climate Warming

The results of investigations of water bodies subjected to constant many-year thermal pollution are proposed to use for the prediction of the consequences of climate warming. General tendencies in changes in the aquatic biota and the distribution of aquatic organisms under the effect of thermal pollution are established by analyzing the materials collected at different cooling ponds of nuclear and thermal power stations.

The effects of thermal pollution on gastropod populations in the Po River (Northern Italy)

(1998). The effects of thermal pollution on gastropod populations in the Po River (Northern Italy) SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010: Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 2103-2106.

BOD experiments on the effect of thermal pollution in rivers and estuaries

BOD experiments on the effect of thermal pollution in rivers and estuaries

The Effects of Thermal Pollution on the Egg Survival of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus Clupeaformis [Mitchill

Abstract Lake Wabamun, located approximately 64 km west of Edmonton, Alberta, has two thermal electric generating stations situated upon it which utilize lake water for cooling purposes. The fishery for lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis [Mitchill]) in the lake is important due to its high commercial and sport value. Since lake whitefish eggs require low temperatures throughout the winter for successful incubation, and since the major spawning area in the lake is located across a small bay from one of the power plants, it was feared that the heated water discharge would reduce lake whitefish egg survival on the spawning grounds. Since the whitefish are subject to heavy fishing pressure in the lake, it was thought that such a reduction in egg survival might cause a gradual reduction in the whitefish population. During preliminary fishery investigation in the lake it was discovered that large numbers of lake whitefish were spawning on an organic ooze substrate in the heated area. To determine the survival of eggs spawned on the ooze substrate in one of the heated areas , and also on the major spawning grounds (a rock and sand shoal), fertilized lake whitefish eggs were incubated in situ in enclosed trays in these areas and at control sites located in the portion of the lake not influenced by the power plants. The effects of substrate type, water temperature, and siltation on egg survival and their relation to the heated water discharge areas are discussed.

Thermal pollution and the aquatic microbial community: Possible consequences

Abstract Construction of nuclear power plants to meet increased needs for electricity may create the problem of thermal pollution. This artificial warming our lakes and rivers could have serious limnological effects. Of primary concern is the effect of thermal pollution on the composition of the biotic community and especially on the activities of the micro-organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Disruption or alteration of the microbial populations present in a given area will affect all life-forms present in this environment.

Some Thoughts on the Nuclear Agro-Industrial Complex

Associated with the nuclear agro-industrial complex are several biological problems which require deeper understanding, viz., the effects of thermal pollution, progressingly increasing salt concentrations, and metallic elements from pipeline corrosion on the ecology of the immediate surroundings. Additional areas of study, supportive to the complex, are discussed. It is necessary to have a multiplicity of disciplines from the engineering, biological, and social sciences collaborate in the determination and evaluation of designs and sites of future nuclear power plants. In the background lurks the specter of setting into motion irreversible climatological-ecological changes that reduce rather than potentiate man's survival.

Comment on “The Effects of Thermal Pollution on River Ice Conditions” by S. L. Dingman, W. F. Weeks, and Y. C. Yen

Water Resources ResearchVolume 4, Issue 4 p. 847-847 LettersFree Access Comment on “The Effects of Thermal Pollution on River Ice Conditions” by S. L. Dingman, W. F. Weeks, and Y. C. Yen William Voigt Jr., William Voigt Jr.Search for more papers by this author William Voigt Jr., William Voigt Jr.Search for more papers by this author First published: August 1968 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR004i004p00847AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. References Dingman, S. L., W. F. Weeks, Y. C. Yen, The effects of thermal pollution on river ice conditions, Water Resources Res., 42, 349– 362, 1968. Volume4, Issue4August 1968Pages 847-847 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Reply [to “Comment on ‘The Effects of Thermal Pollution on River Ice Conditions’ by S. L. Dingman, W. F. Weeks, and Y. C. Yen”

Water Resources ResearchVolume 4, Issue 4 p. 848-848 Letters Reply [to “Comment on ‘The Effects of Thermal Pollution on River Ice Conditions’ by S. L. Dingman, W. F. Weeks, and Y. C. Yen”] S. L. Dingman, S. L. DingmanSearch for more papers by this authorW. F. Weeks, W. F. WeeksSearch for more papers by this authorY. C. Yen, Y. C. YenSearch for more papers by this author S. L. Dingman, S. L. DingmanSearch for more papers by this authorW. F. Weeks, W. F. WeeksSearch for more papers by this authorY. C. Yen, Y. C. YenSearch for more papers by this author First published: August 1968 https://doi.org/10.1029/WR004i004p00848AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume4, Issue4August 1968Pages 848-848 RelatedInformation

The effects of thermal pollution on river ice conditions

An attempt is made to calculate the length of the ice‐free reach that develops during the winter below a thermal pollution site on a river. A differential equation for the steady‐state heat balance of a volume element of a river is developed, which leads to the expression urn:x-wiley:00431397:media:wrcr305:wrcr305-math-0001 where x is distance downstream from the pollution site to the cross section where the water temperature equals Twx, Two is water temperature at x equals zero, Q* is rate of heat loss from the water surface, and Cx is a constant that includes flow velocity and depth. The value of x at Twx equals 0°C is taken as the length of the ice‐free reach. Q* is the sum of heat losses due to evaporation, convection, long‐ and short‐wave radiation, and other processes, each of which is evaluated by an empirical or theoretical expression. The two principal limitations in accurately calculating downstream temperature changes are related to difficulties in evaluating the degree of lateral mixing in natural rivers and the convective and evaporative heat losses under unstable atmospheric conditions. Observations of lengths of ice‐free reaches on the Mississippi River are in good agreement with the calculated values. Significant portions of the St, Lawrence Seaway can be kept ice‐free by the installation of nuclear reactors at appropriate locations.