Effect Of Sucrose Concentration Research Articles

Effect of Sucrose Concentration on the Quality of Jam Slices of Dutch Eggplant (Cyphomandra betacea)

Effect of Sucrose Concentration on the Quality of Jam Slices of Dutch Eggplant (Cyphomandra betacea)

Study and characterization of a product based on a vegetable extract of quinoa fermented with water kefir grains.

This work aimed to study and characterize a product based on vegetable extract of quinoa (WVEQ) fermented with water kefir grains. The effect of sucrose concentration (SC), inulin concentration (IC), and xanthan gum (XG) concentration were evaluated using a central composite design (CCD) 23. They were subsequently characterized regarding cellular growth of the grains, beverage yield, pH, soluble solids, carbon dioxide (CO2) production, lactic acid, and ethanol production. Therefore, for the final stage, two formulations (F1 and F8) of the CCD were chosen to be characterized in terms of proximate composition, microbiological composition of the kefir culture, analysis of organic compounds, sensory analysis, and enzymatic and microbiological characterization before and after simulation of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. In the two chosen products, one can see that fermentation optimized the bioavailability of proteins due to the high proteolytic activity of the microorganisms in kefir and the increase in lipid content. In identifying microorganisms, there was a prevalence of Saccharomyces sp. yeasts. In the sensory analysis, the F8 formulation showed better results than the F1 formulation. In vitro, gastrointestinal digestion showed reduced lactic acid bacteria and yeast and increased acetic acid bacteria in the liquid phase for both formulations. In the enzymatic profile, there was a reduction in all enzymes analyzed for both formulations, except for amylase in F1, which went from 14.05 U/mL to 39.41 U/mL. Therefore, it is concluded that using WVEQ as a substrate for the product appears to be a viable alternative with nutritional and technological advantages for serving a specific market niche.

Effect of Sucrose Concentration on Streptococcus mutans Adhesion to Dental Material Surfaces

Effect of Sucrose Concentration on Streptococcus mutans Adhesion to Dental Material Surfaces

Controlled Production of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol in Cell Suspensions of Lepechinia meyenii Treated with Different Elicitors and Biosynthetic Precursors.

Lepechinia meyenii is a medicinal plant specialized in the biosynthesis of different types of antioxidants including the diterpenes carnosic (CA) acid and carnosol (CS). Herein we present the results of plant tissue culture approaches performed in this medicinal plant with particular emphasis on the generation and evaluation of a cell suspension system for CA and CS production. The effect of sucrose concentration, temperature, pH, and UV-light exposure was explored. In addition, diverse concentrations of microbial elicitors (salicylic acid, pyocyanin, Glucanex, and chitin), simulators of abiotic elicitors (polyethylene glycol and NaCl), and biosynthetic precursors (mevalonolactone, geranylgeraniol, and miltiradiene/abietatriene) were evaluated on batch cultures for 20 days. Miltiradiene/abietatriene obtainment was achieved through a metabolic engineering approach using a recombinant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results suggested that the maximum accumulation (Accmax ) of CA and CS was mainly conferred to stimuli associated with oxidative stress such as UV-light exposure (Accmax , 6.2 mg L-1 ) polyethylene glycol (Accmax , 6.5 mg L-1 ) NaCl (Accmax , 5.9 mg L-1 ) which simulated drought and saline stress, respectively. Nevertheless the bacterial elicitor pyocyanin was also effective to increase the production of both diterpenes (Accmax , 6.4 mg L-1 ). Outstandingly, the incorporation of upstream biosynthetic precursors such as geranylgeraniol and miltiradiene/abietatriene, generated the best results with Accmax of 8.6 and 16.7 mg L-1 , respectively. Optimized batch cultures containing 100 mg L-1 geranylgeraniol, 50 mg L-1 miltiradiene/abietatriene (95 : 5 %) and 5 g L-1 polyethylene glycol treated with 6 min UV light pulse during 30 days resulted in Accmax of 26.7 mg L-1 for CA and 17.3 mg L-1 for CS on days 18-24. This strategy allowed to increase seven folds the amounts of CA and CS in comparison with batch cultures without elicitation (Accmax , 4.3 mg L-1 ).

The effect of sucrose concentrations and different types of tube cap on in vitro growth of Dahlia (Dahlia sp.) using vermiculite as substrate

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Effects of sucrose concentration and membrane filter number on the growth and volatile compounds of micropropagated Lippia rotundifolia Cham. plantlets

Lippia rotundifolia Cham. is a medicinal species, native to Brazilian mountainous regions, with leaves rich in monoterpenes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of sucrose in MS medium with a natural ventilation system using porous membranes on the growth and contents of volatile compounds in L. rotundifolia plantlets. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 12 treatments, consisting of a factorial system of four ventilation systems and three sucrose concentrations. The treatments were a system with no porous membrane (NMS) and three natural ventilation systems (AMS) containing one, two, and four porous membranes. The sucrose concentrations were 0, 15, and 30 g L −1 . The natural ventilation systems were superior to NMS. The natural ventilation system with two and four porous membranes and 15 g L −1 sucrose in MS medium led to higher in vitro growth rates in L. rotundifolia . AMS using manufactured porous membranes was found to be a more efficient in vitro cultivation method than NMS. The ventilation system with four porous membranes and a sucrose concentration of 15 g L −1 was the most efficient, since an increase in the photosynthetic rate and less evaporative water loss were observed in this ventilation system. Volatile organic content was influenced by ventilation systems and sucrose concentrations. Major compounds myrcene, limonene, myrcenone and ocimenone were identified. AMS4 and presence of sucrose (15 and 30 g L −1 ) increased the myrcene and ocimenone content. The myrcenone content was favored by NMS without sucrose. Overall, the alternative membrane system with 15 g L −1 of sacarose can be recommended in the in vitro culture method of L. rotundifolia. • Alternative membrane systems enhancement dry weight of plantlets. • Four membrane filters without sucrose and 15 g L −1 promote an increase in leaf area. • Myrcene and ocimenone content increase using four membrane filters and sucrose. • Nonporous membrane system without sucrose have a higher myrcenone content.

Selection of initial culture medium in fed-batch bioreactor culture of Rhodiola sachalinensis cells

In fed-batch culture, numerous factors, such as initial culture conditions and feeding strategies, affect the culture efficiency. Among the factors, the effect of initial culture medium is rarely investigated. In this work, Rhodiola sachalinensis cells were cultured in the fed-batch bioreactor system and the effects of volume, medium strength, and sucrose concentration of initial culture medium on biomass and accumulation of salidroside, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and phenolics were investigated. The results showed that an initial medium volume of 3 L significantly (p < 0.05) increased biomass and the four bioactive compound contents. The maximum biomass and the highest contents of different bioactive compounds were determined at various MS medium strengths. Therefore, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) - technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) was implemented and half-strength MS medium was selected. Furthermore, the effect of sucrose concentration was examined and 30 g/L sucrose in the initial medium was optimal, at which concentration, 39.45 mg/g DW of salidroside, 531.25 mg/g DW of total polysaccharides, 3.89 mg/g DW of total flavonoids, and 10.84 mg/g DW of total phenolics were produced. The findings of the present study provided a reference for further establishing the fed-batch culture system of R. sachalinensis cells.

Factorial Design to Optimize Dextran Production by the Native Strain Leuconostoc mesenteroides SF3.

Dextran is an extracellular bacterial polysaccharide for which industrial applications have been found in different areas. Several researchers have optimized the fermentation conditions to maximize dextran production. This study aimed to characterize the dextran of Leuconostoc mesenteroides SF3, which was isolated from the aguamiel of Agave salmiana. To maximize the yield of dextran, the effects of sucrose concentration, temperature, and incubation time were studied. The experiments were conducted using a factorial design and a response surface methodology. L. mesenteroides SF3 produced a maximum yield of dextran (23.8 g/L ± 4) after 16 h of incubation at 25 °C with 10% sucrose. The functional properties such as water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, and emulsion activity of this unique dextran were 361.8% ± 3.1, 212.0% ± 6.7, and 58.3% ± 0.7, respectively. These properties indicate that the dextran produced by L. mesenteroides SF3 is a high-quality polysaccharide with potential applications in the food industry, and the optimized conditions for its production could be used for the commercial production of this dextran, which have significant industrial perspectives.

The Effect of Sucrose Supplementation on the Micropropagation of Salix viminalis L. Shoots in Semisolid Medium and Temporary Immersion Bioreactors

The effect of sucrose concentration on the micropropagation of axillary shoots of willow was investigated. The following factors were examined: the culture system (semisolid medium in glass jars versus liquid medium in temporary immersion bioreactors), the type of explant (apical and basal sections), the frequency of immersion, and CO2 enrichment. Shoots and leaf growth were significantly higher in RITA® bioreactors than in the jars for all the sucrose treatments. Apical or basal sections of willow cultured in bioreactors under high light intensity (150 µmol m−2 s−1) and ventilated six times a day with CO2-enriched air were successfully proliferated without sucrose, whereas shoots cultured in jars did not proliferate well if sucrose concentration was 0.5% or lower. More roots were formed when sucrose was added to the medium. Shoots cultured in bioreactors were successfully acclimatized irrespective of the sucrose treatment and the root biomass when transferred to ex vitro conditions. This is the first report of photoautotrophic willow micropropagation, our results confirm the importance of proper gaseous exchange to attain autotrophy during in vitro propagation.

Effect of Sucrose on Microtuber Induction and Inulin Accumulation in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

The effect of sucrose concentrations and photoperiod applying on microtuber induction and inulin accumulation of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) have conducted under in vitro condition. Numbers, lengths and weights of microtubers induced from the single node explants with 0.50 cm above stem node- and stem node- cutting was not significant difference. Concentration of sucrose (51.70, 60, 80, 100 and 108.20 g/l) containing in microtuber induction medium (MST) and photoperiod applying (10.30/13.70, 12/12, 16/8, 20/4 and 21.60/2.40 h light/dark) significant effected to numbers of microtubers (P ≤ 0.05). The optimized sucrose concentration and photoperiod applying for highest numbers of microtubers was 100 g/l and 20/4 h light/dark, respectively. The significant difference of inulin content (P ≤ 0.05) in microtuber induced from various conditions was determined. The microtubers induced on MST medium supplemented with 80 g/l sucrose under 16/8 h light/dark accumulated highest inulin content (324.84 ± 40.78 mg/ g dry weight) when compared with others. Data suggested that sucrose and light duration played role in microtuber induction and inulin accumulation of Jerusalem artichoke. Keywords: Inulin, Jerusalem artichoke, Microtuber, Photoperiod, Sucrose

Associations between opioid dependence and sweet taste preference.

Past research suggests that people with opioid dependence show increased consumption of sweet food, but it is unclear if this is influenced by altered taste preference and/or taste perception. We tested whether people prescribed opioid substitution therapy (OST) exhibited a shift in preference towards sweeter flavours, and altered perception of sweetness, and explored whether these measures of taste preference/perception were associated with measures of opioid use. Three groups of participants (people prescribed OST, n=36; people with past opioid dependence, but now abstinent from all opioids, n=18; and controls with no history of substance dependence other than nicotine, n=29) provided ratings of "sweetness", "liking", and "desire" of 4 solutions with varying concentrations of sucrose. We did not find significant differences between groups in the effect of sucrose concentration on "sweetness", "liking", or "desire" ratings. However, among those prescribed OST, frequency of recent illicit opioid use was associated with reduced perception of "sweetness" of low sucrose concentrations. Higher methadone dose was associated with a shift towards liking sweeter concentrations. Among those with past opioid dependence, longer duration of abstinence from opioids was associated with a shift towards liking sweeter concentrations. Among people currently dependent on opioids, reduced sensitivity to low levels of sweetness and increased preference for sweeter flavours may be associated with increased dependence on opioids. Among those who have ceased opioid use, the association between preference for sweeter flavours and duration of abstinence is a novel finding that deserves further investigation.

Optimization of Factors Influencing Adventitious Rooting in Hybrid Larch

Optimization of in vitro adventitious root induction contributes to the development of a large-scale production system of hybrid clone seedlings of larch (Larix spp.). We used orthogonal testing to investigate the factors that affect the rooting of hybrid larch shoots–activated carbon, vitamin B1, sucrose, glycine, glutamic acid (Glu), cysteine, pH, and induction time in the dark and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Variance analysis showed that the effects of sucrose concentration on rooting rate, survival rate, and average root number, pH on the average number of roots; and Glu on survival rate were all significant (p < 0.05) when compared to the mock treatments. Among all of the 45 treatments, the highest rooting rate was 90%, the highest survival rate was 100%, and the highest average root number was 11.8. The theoretically optimal procedure of in vitro root induction of hybrid larch shoots is shoot induction on L9 modified medium (pH 6.7) containing 2 mg.L–1 naphthalene acetic acid, 0.25 mg.L–1 IBA, 1/3 macroelements, 7.5 g.L–1 sucrose, and 5 mg.L–1 Glu for 8 days, and then root induction on L9 modified medium without auxin.

The effect of sucrose concentrations and shoot inoculum density on the growth of in vitro shoot of teak (Tectona grandis L.)

The teak belongs to the highly prized timber tree. Quality teak trees have been guaranteed by planting clonal planting materials propagated vegetatively, for example, by shoot tip cutting and tissue culture. Tissue culture propagation of teak has been commercially viable even though the efficiency of production can still be improved. This research aimed to study the effect of increasing shoot inoculum density and sucrose concentration requirement for optimum growth of teak shoot in vitro. Inocula of a single nodal shoot in the number of 5 or 9 were inoculated on modified MS basal media with sucrose concentrations treatment of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 g l−1. The results showed that the standard sucrose concentration of 30 g l−1 and a higher concentration of 40 g l−1were optimum for the growth the inocula of the densities tested. Even though the average shoot growth was lower for nine inocula than that of five inocula, the total shoot growth was higher for the former. An increasing number of inocula can be used as a method to increase the efficiency of shoot proliferation stage of teak micropropagation.

Effect of Cryoprotectant Concentration on Starter Culture Viability Sinbiotic Yogurt with Freeze Dried Sweet Potato Extract Supplementation

Synbiotic yogurt with purple sweet potato extract supplementation as prebiotics and Lactobacillus plantarum Dad 13 isolated from buttermilk as probiotics has potential as functional food, but requires low storage temperatures. The freeze drying technique requires cryoprotectant as a protective material for products such as yogurt. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sucrose concentration on the level of viability of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Lactobacillus plantarum. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with one factor : concentration of sucrose as cryoprotectant: 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and was carried out in three replications. The results showed that the concentration of sucrose significantly affected the yield of freeze dried synbiotic yogurt, total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) after freeze drying, and total Lactobacillus plantarum before and after freeze drying, but did not significantly total amount of LAB before freeze drying. The best treatment, shown in frozen dried synbiotic yogurt with a sucrose cryoprotectant concentration of 5%. The treatment has the following characteristics: yield, 14.797%, total Lactic Acid Bacteria 1.98x 109 CFU / ml before freeze drying, 9.28x 108 CFU / ml after freeze drying, total Lactobacillus plantarum 8.23 x 108 CFU / ml before freeze drying and 6.81 x 108 CFU / ml after freeze drying.

Nh hưởng của một số yếu tố nuôi cấy lan hoàng thảo kèn (Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindl.) trong điều kiện thoáng khí

Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindl. is endemic, rare and threatened Vietnam orchids. Therefore, in order to meet the demand for a large scale production, a good propagation technique of high quality D. lituiflorum transplants is essential. In this study, the effects of sucrose concentration (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 g/L), mineral medium strength (MS, ½MS, ¼MS) on the development of shoots, roots, ex vitro planlets in shoot ventilation culture of D. lituiflorum were evaluated. The highest number of roots and ex vitro plantlet survival was observed on ½MS and ¼MS medium. Increasing numbers of shoot and root were observed in high sucrose-containing medium. However the highest survival rate was observed in ½MS medium supplemented with 10g/L sucrose (70%). This study suggests that sucrose concentration, mineral medium strength is key factors to increase plantlet survival during acclimatization.

Effect of Sucrose Concentrations and Incubation Periods on in Vitro Rooting of Moris Pineapple (Ananas comosus)

The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30, 45, 60, 75 days) on in vitro rooting of Moris pineapple cultured in liquid half strength MS medium enriched with IBA at 2.0 mg/l was investigated. At all incubation periods, all shoots in medium enriched with sucrose at 5 g/l failed to root, and no roots formed within the first 30 days in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 g/l. After 30 days of incubation, the highest rooting percentage (66 %), tallest plantlets (23 mm tall), highest (3.4 roots) and longest (5.3 mm) root per shoot were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 25, 10, 15, 15 g/l respectively, while after 45 days, the highest of all rooting aspects (75 %, 32.3 mm tall, 3.7 roots, 7 mm long), were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 60 days, the highest rooting percentage (91.7 %) and tallest plantlets (36.7 mm tall) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 20 g/l while highest roots per shoot (3.7 roots) and longest root (10.7 mm) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 75 days, all shoots rooted (100 %) in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l, while sucrose at 25 g/l resulted in tallest plantlets (46.3 mm tall) and at 20 g/l resulted in highest (4.7 roots) and longest roots (27.3 mm). At each incubation period, there was a different optimum sucrose enrichment for different rooting parameters.

Assessment of Levan Production from Sucrose by Zymomonas mobilis CCT 4494

Levan is a polymer composed of fructose units linked by β(2→6) glycosidic bonds. It can be found in many plants and microbial products, and it has many applications in different industrial fields, such as foods and pharmaceuticals. The aim of this study was to analyze levan production from sucrose by Zymomonas mobilis CCT 4494. A 24-1 fractional design was carried out to evaluate the effects of pH, temperature, sucrose concentration and time. The statistical analysis (p<0.10) showed that the effect of the sucrose concentration was the most important influence on the levan concentration followed by the effect of the temperature. The best levan biosynthesis condition was at 25 ºC, with initial pH value of 4.5, 250 g L-1 of sucrose concentration during 72 h of fermentation. Furthermore, highest levan production was 7.6 g L-1, at 25 °C with sucrose concentration of 250 g L-1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v11i6.1229

The effect of sucrose concentration on growth and induction of somatic embryogenesis in Catharanthus roseus callus

Abstract. Mohammed NMI, Said AGE. 2018. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seeds germination. Cell Biol Dev 2: 63-68. This study aimed to examine if pre-germination treatments could effectively promote date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seed germination in the Nursery of the Horticultural Sector, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, Khartoum, Sudan. Seeds were soaked in water for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 days before being planted in one of the following media: sand:clay (1:1), sand:clay (1:2), sand:clay (1:0), sand:clay (0:1), and sand:clay (2:1). The factorial completely randomized block design was employed in this investigation. The 6-day soaking time resulted in the highest percentage of seeds germinating; as the soaking time increased, the percentage of seeds germinating decreased. The 6-day soaking time also improved seed germination, allowing for a 50 % final germination percentage in the shortest time. Sowing seeds in a 2:1 soil mix decreased germination days, resulting in a substantial increase in germination percentage compared to other soil type mixes evaluated, regardless of soaking duration. In addition, seeds soaked for 6 days and planted in a 2:1 soil mix produced the tallest seedlings.

Fuentes de sacarosa y nitrógeno orgánico influyen en la embriogénesis somática de Agave angustifolia

El protocolo de embriogénesis somática en Agave angustifolia implica la inducción de callos embriogénicos, el desarrollo y maduración de embriones y su conversión o germinación para formar una planta completa. En este sentido, se requiere una juiciosa selección de los nutrientes presentes en el medio de cultivo. En este trabajo, se estudió el efecto de las concentraciones de sacarosa y las fuentes de nitrógeno orgánico sobre la embriogénesis somática de A. angustifolia. Nuestros resultados mostraron que la inducción de callos embriogénicos y la producción de embriones somáticos pueden controlarse positivamente mediante cambios en la concentración de sacarosa y se ven afectados por la adición de fuentes de aminoácidos. La frecuencia de conversión a las plántulas varió de 90 a 95% con una supervivencia de 100% en condiciones ex vitro.

Effects of sucrose concentration on choice in an adjusting-magnitude schedule

Rats were trained under a discrete-trials adjusting-magnitude schedule in which a response on lever A delivered either a larger or a smaller sucrose reinforcer (qA1 = 8 μl, qA2 = 64 μl) with equal probability, while a response on B delivered a reinforcer whose size qB was adjusted according to the rats’ choices. When A was preferred in a given block of trials, qB was increased in the following block; when B was preferred, qB was reduced in the following block. The oscillating changes in qB, analysed by the Fourier transform, could be described by a power spectrum whose dominant frequency corresponded to a period of 40–50 trial blocks. The equilibrium value of qB (qB(50)) was inversely related to sucrose concentration; it significantly exceeded the arithmetic mean of qA1 and qA2 when the concentration was 0.2 or 0.4 M, but not when it was 0.8 or 1.6 M. Analysis by mixed-effects modelling revealed a trend for the power of oscillation of qB to increase monotonically with sucrose concentration; the period of oscillation was not systematically related to sucrose concentration. These results are consistent with predictions derived from a revised version of the multiplicative hyperbolic model of intertemporal choice.