Effect Of Roentgen Irradiation Research Articles

RNA and protein synthesis of irradiated Ehrlich ascites tumour cells. I. In vivo investigations related to the cell cycle.

The effects of roentgen irradiation on the incorporation of 3H-uridine and 14C-leucine into RNA and protein and the RNA and protein contents of in vivo growing Ehrlich ascites tumour cells were studied. The results were related to changes in the composition of cells in cell cycle and compared with the synthesis of RNA and protein in cell material from various parts of the cell cycle obtained by means of elutriator centrifuging. The incorporation expressed by the ratio between acid insoluble/acid soluble activity was unchanged for RNA during the observation period up to 24 hours after a dose of 5.0 Gy. The ratio for protein was markedly decreased between 4 and 24 hours. This decrease was partly due to a decrease of the pool size of leucine as studied by changing the amounts of 14C leucine used. From these studies, the existence of at least two pools, an expandable and a non-expandable fixed pool can be concluded. There were no differences in the decrease of protein-synthesis between cells from the various parts of the cell cycle. The RNA and protein contents of the irradiated cells from various parts of the cell cycle corresponded to those of non-irradiated cells except for G1/early S-phase cells at 15 and 24 hours after irradiation. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

Combined effect of roentgen irradiation and radiostrontium on the haematopoietic tissues and the development of lymphoma in mice.

Combined effect of roentgen irradiation and radiostrontium on the haematopoietic tissues and the development of lymphoma in mice.

The effect of roentgen irradiation on monoamine containing neurons in the rat brain.

The effect of roentgen irradiation on monoamine containing neurons in the rat brain.

The effect of roentgen irradiation on the formation of enamel and dentin in maxillary rat incisors

abstract – An investigation of roentgen‐ray induced enamel and dentin changes in the maxillary incisor in the rat was undertaken to assess the relative radiosensitivity of amelogenesis and dentinogenesis. Seventy Sprague‐Dawley rats received whole body irradiation with exposures between 500 and 950 rad. Five animals served as controls. During the experimental period all the animals were given an injection of oxytetracycline. The animals were killed 5–21 d after irradiation. Ground sagittal sections of the incisors were examined microradiographically and with fluorescence microscopy. The irradiation produced elongated external hypoplastic lesions in the enamel and niches in the dentin. The extent of the lesions varied with the radiation dose. The variation in the extent and appearance of the lesions was much greater in the dentin than in the enamel. Even the smallest dose regularly produced changes in the enamel but seldom in the dentin. Amelogenesis thus proved to be more radiosensitive than dentinogenesis.

Influence of ionizing radiation on ciliary cell activity in the respiratory tract.

The effects of roentgen irradiation on the ciliary beat frequency of the trachea of rabbits were investigated in vitro by a light reflex method. Small doses produced only temporary changes in the beat frequency of the cilia but with large doses the movements were completely and permanently arrested. (auth)

Effect of Roentgen Irradiation on the Elasticity of Frog Skin

The elasticity of roentgen irradiated (20,000 to 150,000 r) frog skin was studied by determining the area-pressure curves produced by distending the tissue. The effect of the irradiation was one of relaxation. Histologic examination by light microscopy did not reveal proportional structural alterations. (auth)

Effect of Roentgen Irradiation on the Elasticity of Frog Skin

Effect of Roentgen Irradiation on the Elasticity of Frog Skin

Effect of Roentgen Irradiation of Lymphocytes in Vivo

Effect of Roentgen Irradiation of Lymphocytes in Vivo

Effect of roentgen irradiation of lymphocytes in vivo.

Effect of roentgen irradiation of lymphocytes in vivo.

EFEFCTS OF IONIZATION RAY ON THE METABOLISM OF CELL

Since the Warburg's method was established for the investigation of metabolism in the irradiated tissue. many reports have been published, but the results are not always in agreement.As to the cause of the discordance, it can be considered that various may secondarily be produced during irradiation. In the present experiments, effects of roentgen irradiation on Yoshida sarcoma, which is wandering single cell, were investigated with the Warburg's manometer, and the following results were obtained.1. The respiration of Yoshida sarcoma was slightly inhibited by irradiation in adose of 5700 r (11%). In the case of endogenous respiration, increase was sometimes observed (below 600 and above 950 in 1 mm3).2. The metabolism of aerobic sugar decomposition was more affected than respiration (24.6%) 3.Anaerobic sugar decomposition was most sensitive, being remarkably diminished with change in the, dosage of irradiation.

Effects of Roentgen Irradiation on the Tumor Bed: III. The Different Inhibiting Action on the Growth of Mouse Mammary Carcinoma Resulting from Pre- or Posttransplantation Irradiation

Effects of Roentgen Irradiation on the Tumor Bed: III. The Different Inhibiting Action on the Growth of Mouse Mammary Carcinoma Resulting from Pre- or Posttransplantation Irradiation

Effects of Roentgen Irradiation on the Tumor Bed: II. The Inhibiting Action of Different Dose Levels of Local Pretransplantation Roentgen Irradiation on the Growth of Mouse Mammary Carcinoma

In a previous report (1) we confirmed that local roentgen irradiation of the tumor bed inhibits the growth of transplanted mouse mammary carcinoma. These experiments illustrate the significance of the irradiated normal tissues of the host in suppressing the growth of the tumor, because the tumor cells inoculated into the irradiated bed had received no irradiation. In the previous experiments emphasis was placed on the comparison between the growth of the tumor transplants in irradiated and shielded sites within the same animals. A single dose of 1500 r/air was given to one leg of young ZBC mice, and 48 hours later both the irradiated and the opposite shielded leg were inoculated with a tissue suspension of spontaneous mammary carcinoma developed in Z female mice and maintained by serial transplantation in ZBC male mice. The inhibition of the growth of several different tumors inoculated into the irradiated leg was striking when compared with the tumor in the shielded leg. The tumor in the shielded leg grew at the same rate as tumors in nonirradiated control animals of the same age and strain. The present report deals with a study of the effect of different dose levels of pretransplantation irradiation (PTI). In this series of experiments the inoculation of tumor cells was limited to the irradiated site, thus allowing determination of the effect of PTI on the survival of the animals. A detailed study of the growth rate of tumors developing in both irradiated and nonirradiated tissues was carried out.

The effect of roentgen rays upon the electrical excitability of the human eye.

The electrical excitability of the eyes following an irradiation of the eyes by Roentgen rays was measured by the method of electric flicker. 1. The effect of Roentgen irradiation appeared with a latency of a few minutes, and attained a maximum in about 15 to 20 minutes to disappear in about 30 to 60 minutes. 2. The effect increased with the intensity of Roentgen rays, but with doses far above the threshold intensity the effect was almost in-dependent of the dose used. The effect depended on the total energy, but little on the stimulus duration. 3. When the eyes covered with lead plates were irradiated by Roentgen rays, some effect could be observed, and it was shown that this effect was due to the direct action of scattered Roentgen rays upon the eyes. 4. The change of ΔS, following illumination with white light for a period of 10 minutes, was measured. In this cases the time course of ΔS was different from that for Roentgen rays. The latency and the recovery time were much shorter than those for Roentgen rays.

Effect of roentgen irradiation and other types of injurious agents on capillaries.

SummaryBy means of a microinjection method it was possible to measure the fragility of mesenteric capillaries of the frog. Roentgen irradiation, heparin injection, trypsin and peptone shock increase the fragility of the capillaries. The increased capillary fragility appears to be a consequence of a liberation of heparin into the circulation of the animals, due to the irradiation or shock treatments.

Antithyroid drugs plus roentgen irradiation in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

ANTITHYROID drugs are now well established in the medical treatment of hyperthyroidism. Used in long-term treatment they give a fairly high proportion of apparent permanent remissions, by most authors calculated to be from 50 to 75 per cent. With the newer drugs of this type, complications are relatively few. In fact Doniach (1) treated 120 patients with a new drug of the methimazole group (Neo-Mercazole) without any complications. The effect of roentgen irradiation in hyperthyroidism is widely disputed. Some authors are enthusiastic, whereas others find this treatment valueless. Pfahler (2) reports satisfactory results in 89 per cent of his patients; after only one month of such treatment he found some improvement, and after two months “very definite” improvement. Aagaard (3) records that 78 per cent of his patients had a remission. Rose (4), from his experience over a period of twenty years with 800 patients, states that satisfactory results were obtained in 85 per cent. Rasmussen (5) found that out of ...

Experimental acute radiodermatitis following beta irradiation. II. The inhibition of fibroplasia.

CancerVolume 6, Issue 4 p. 678-682 ArticleFree Access Experimental acute radiodermatitis following beta irradiation. II. The inhibition of fibroplasia C. C. Lushbaugh M.D., C. C. Lushbaugh M.D. Health Division, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New MexicoSearch for more papers by this authorJ. B. Storer M.D., J. B. Storer M.D. Health Division, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New MexicoSearch for more papers by this author C. C. Lushbaugh M.D., C. C. Lushbaugh M.D. Health Division, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New MexicoSearch for more papers by this authorJ. B. Storer M.D., J. B. Storer M.D. Health Division, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New MexicoSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1953 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(195307)6:4<678::AID-CNCR2820060404>3.0.CO;2-ZCitations: 11AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Jolles, B.: A diffusible substance in irradiated tissue? Nature 164: 63– 64, 1949. 2 Lushbaugh, C. C.; Stoker, J. B., and Hale, D. B.: Experimental acute radiodermatitis following beta irradiation. I. Its pathogenesis and repair. Cancer 6: 671– 677, 1953. 3 Maximow, A. A.: Studies on the changes produced by roentgen rays in inflamed connectivetissue. J. Exper. Med. 37: 319– 340, Pl. 18-22, 1923. 4 Maximow, A. A., and Bloom, W.: Textbook of Histology, 4th ed. Philadelphia. W. B. Saunders Co. 1947; pp. 112– 113. 5 Raper, J. R.; Zirkle, R. E., and Barnes, K. K.: Techniques of external irradiation with beta rays. In R. E. Zirkle, Ed.: Effects of External Beta Radiation. New York. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc. 1951; Chap. I, pp. 1– 41. 6 Ritchie, G.: Effect of roentgen irradiation on the healing of wounds. Arch. Path. 16: 839– 851. 1933. Citing Literature Volume6, Issue4July 1953Pages 678-682 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Effects of roentgen irradiation, cyanide and various radioprotectors on infusoria

Effects of roentgen irradiation, cyanide and various radioprotectors on infusoria

Irradiation effects of roentgen therapy on the growing spine.

In administering roentgen therapy to retroperitoneal or paravertebral neoplasms in children, the radiologist is faced with these two questions: “What possible effects on the growth of the spine may result from the therapy?,” and “How can the tumor be irradiated in adequate dosage with minimal damage to the spine?” These were the questions which led to the present study. It consists of a follow-up of 45 patients who received roentgen therapy over the spine. Thirty-four living patients were observed over a period averaging six and a half years. Postmortem examination on 11 patients provided additional material used in the study. The experimental work concerning the effect of roentgen irradiation on the growth of bone in animals has been presented by Gates and Warren (1), Hinkel (2–4), Barr (5), Reidy (6), Gall (7), and coworkers. They have shown that when an epiphysis was exposed to 600 r or more of x-radiation, some retardation of growth usually occurred. Hinkel found that less than 500 r did not produce detectable stunting. The degree of stunting with higher doses seemed to depend on the age of the animal as well as on the dosage. Maximal effects, or complete inhibition of epiphyseal growth, were produced by 1,200 r or more. Quantitative relationships between the vulnerability to damage by irradiation of specific tissues in various animal species have not been studied extensively. Until it is shown that similar doses produce similar tissue responses independent of the species, or until a unit is devised which can serve as a common denominator for local tissue effects in all animal forms, effective irradiation dosage in man can only be determined empirically. This was one of the aims of this study. It is noteworthy that, in dogs and rats, severe disturbances of growth were elicited in the long bones by single roentgen treatments with dosages far lower than those delivered to the spine in the patients of this series. Clinical reports of growth disturbances in children resulting from roentgen irradiation have been infrequent, only 10 well documented reports having been found in the literature (8–17). In these, 16 patients are described in whom disturbances of bone growth occurred following irradiation. For 9 of these the depth dose delivered to the affected epiphysis was either stated or could be estimated from the data given. It ranged between 800 and 5,576 r. Because of the wide variation in dosage, a clear quantitative relationship between degree of stunting and dosage is not apparent. However, several features of these reported cases deserve mention. 1. One child, aged five months, who received a total tissue dose of 800 r showed definite growth retardation confined to the irradiated area. The irradiation was given in three doses, spaced over an eleven-month period, and involved the proximal epiphysis of the femur (14). entire pelvis and distal femoral epiphysis after irradiation totaling 1,610 r to the proximal portion of the femur.

Effect of roentgen irradiation upon protein absorption in the mouse.

SummaryThe rate of protein absorption by normal mice has been measured using radioiodinated human serum albumin as a trace protein. No change in this rate could be shown after whole body X-irradiation of the mice although a change in tone and motility of the gastrointestinal tract was noted. So absorption of unhydrolyzed protein could be demonstrated.

Splanchnic removal of bacteria from the circulating blood of irradiated rabbits.

THE EFFECT of roentgen irradiation on skin infections and on the spread of infection from local lesions has been studied extensively, and the studies have yielded variable results. This variableness is well emphasized in the excellent review article edited by Warren, 1 especially the portion by Dunlap, 2 on the effects of irradiation on normal tissues. It seems evident that there has been no method for obtaining completely satisfactory objective data, perhaps because of the many variables encountered. The variation in response from one animal to another, the changes of the response with the passage of time relative to the irradiation and the differences in the response with variation in roentgen dosage make the problem difficult. Previous evidence 3 suggests that local infections may be altered in their invasiveness by local irradiation and that the ability of the animal to cope with any resultant bacteremia may be altered by either