Effect Of Gross Domestic Product Research Articles

On the economic growth and environmental quality nexus in India

ABSTRACT This study extends prior research and takes a robust account of the effects of economic growth on environmental quality in India, using several single-equation and system estimators and considering multiple structural breaks over ‘long’ as well as ‘short’ time periods. The long-run model is estimated on annual data for the period 1951–52 to 2015–2016. The results provide robust support for the positive and significant effects of gross domestic product and financial development and for the negative effects of trade openness and domestic investment on carbon dioxide emissions. The presence of structural breaks challenges the validity of smooth and continuous relationship between income and emissions postulated in previous research. Policy intervention, in terms of the imposition of Pigouvian tax, allocation of carbon quotas and promotion of carbon ‘cap-and-tax’ and/or ‘cap-and-trade’ systems, is needed to correct market failure, to cover the external cost of pollution and to curtail the emission of carbon. It is worth subsidizing alternative sources of energy, adopting carbon-efficient technologies and switching to carbon-neutral substitutes.

Impact of economic growth, energy consumption, and trade openness on carbon emissions: evidence from the top 20 emitting nations

ABSTRACT The study focuses on the top 20 carbon emission-increasing nations across continents from 2000 to 2021 and the effects of gross domestic product, energy consumption, and trade openness on carbon emissions. The study uses a panel dataset and multiple linear regression analysis to pinpoint the significant factors influencing each nation's carbon emissions. The findings indicate that China, Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea in Asia; Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, and the Seychelles in Africa; Antigua and Barbuda, Bolivia, Chile, and Panama in America; Albania, Belarus, Lithuania, and Russia in Europe; and Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, and Vanuatu in Oceania have a highly significant impact on carbon emissions in their respective regions. Energy consumption significantly increases carbon emissions in all countries except Panama and Kazakhstan, where it only significantly impacts GDP-related carbon emissions. These insights lay the groundwork for policymakers to prioritise sustainable development, reduce carbon emissions in their decision-making processes, and establish comprehensive strategies that reconcile ecological concerns with socioeconomic goals by understanding the intricate dynamics between gross domestic product, energy use, trade openness, and carbon emissions.

Moderating effect of gross domestic production on the association between share ownership of CEO and strategic risk-taking of airlines

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine the moderating effect of gross domestic product on the relation-ship between share ownership and strategic risk-taking of airlines. Theoretical foundation of this work is upper echelon theory and contingency theory. Design/methodology/approach: The sample of this work is publicly traded airlines in the US stock market: NASDAQ, AMEX, and NYSE. For data collection, this work employed Annual 10-K, Bureau of economic analysis, Compustat, and Execucomp using SIC code 4512. 15 airlines were used and the study period is 1999-2019. For testing the research hypotheses, this study implemented multiple linear regression analysis. Findings: The results indicated that gross domestic product positively moderates the relationship between share ownership of CEO and strategic risk-taking of airlines. Research limitations/implications: The practical implication of this work is for the information provision of share-holders and potential investors for airline stocks. Originality/value: This research is worthy by elucidating the moderating effect of gross domestic product regarding top managers' decision making domain.

ANALISIS PENGARUH NON-TARIFF MEASURES (SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY) TERHADAP VOLUME EKSPOR IKAN TUNA KE NEGARA TUJUAN EKSPOR

This study aims to analyze the effect of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, economic distance, real exchange rate, and dummy SPS simultaneously and partially on volume of tuna exports to export destination countries. The analysis technique used in this study was panel data regression. The results of this study found that simultaneously GDP per capita, economic distance, real exchange rate, and dummy SPS affect the volume of tuna exports to export destination countries. GDP per capita and real exchange rate partially have a positive and significant effect, dummy SPS partially affects the volume of tuna exports to export destination countries. Meanwhile, economic distance has a negative and insignificant effect on the volume of tuna exports to export destination countries. The implication of this study is that the existence of GDP per capita and changes in the real exchange rate will increase the export volume of Indonesian tuna, the SPS action will reduce the export volume of Indonesian tuna, and the long economic distance will reduce the export volume of Indonesian tuna although not significantly.

Moderating Effect of Gross Domestic Product on the Relationship between Camel Rating Model and Financial Performance of Deposit Taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Kenya

The study sought to establish the moderating effect of gross domestic product on the relationship between CAMEL rating model and financial performance of Deposit Taking SACCOs in Kenya. The study originates from the Doctoral dissertation of the first author in which the co-authors served as supervisors. Capital buffer theory and stewardship theories were utilized in supporting the nexus between the variables of the study. Secondary data was collected for the period 2013 to 2022 and panel regression analysis was applied. The study established that the nexus between CAMEL rating model and financial performance in the context of deposit taking SACCOs in Kenya is significantly predicted by gross domestic product. It was consequently concluded that the aggregate of economic growth as reflected by gross domestic product plays a significant role on CAMEL rating model and financial performance nexus with respect to deposit taking SACCOs in Kenya. The study recommends that the Government of Kenya should ensure economic growth in the country. The Government should stimulate economic activities through government policies and activities (of patronizing different sectors). Profits generated by SACCOs during economic expansion should be adequate reinvested into financial intermediation activities as well as other investment opportunities for purposes of diversification.

ANALYSIS DETERMINANTS THE VELOCITY OF MONEY IN INDONESIA

This study aims to analyze the effect of gross domestic product, inflation, and interest rates on the velocity of money in Indonesia for the period 2011 quarter I to 2020 quarter IV. This type of research is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. Research data was obtained from publications by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and Bank Indonesia. The data analysis technique used Multiple Linear Regression using Eviews 12. The results stated that the gross dometic product variable partially had a negative and significant effect on velocity of money, this was indicated by the value of t count > t table, which is -4.002220 > 2.021075, while the inflation variable has no effect on velocity of money with the value of t calculate < t table, which is -0.084848 < 2.021075 and the variable interest rate has a positive effect on velocity of money with the value of t calculate > t table, which is 3.200801 > 2.021075. Simultaneously (together) gross domestic product, inflation, and interest rates have a significant effect on the velocity of money in Indonesia with f calculated > f table which is 27.04354 > 2.838745.

The Effect Of Gross Domestic Product, Cash Flow, Company Size, EPS, And PER On Stock Returns In LQ 45 Companies Listed On The Indonesian Stock Exchange For The Period 2018-2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of gross domestic product, cash flow, company size, EPS, and PER on stock returns in LQ 45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2021. The data used is secondary data, with the documentation method sourced from the Annual Report data of companies in LQ 45 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2021. The analysis technique used in this research is multiple regression analysis. The population in this study were construction companies listed on the IDX for the 2018-2021 period with a total of 45 companies. The sample of this study amounted to 104 companies. The data analysis method used in this research is a statistical analysis using SPSS software. The results of this study show that Gross Domestic Product affects firm value. Cash Flow does not affect firm value. Company size does not affect firm value. EPS affects the value of the company. PER affects the value of the company.

Evolution of the Digital Economy and Society Index in the European Union: Α Socioeconomic Perspective

Abstract The rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICT) in recent years has brought about significant changes in many social sectors such as communication, economy, entertainment, and others. To define the key role that ICT plays in its development course, the European Union (EU) has developed a composite indicator, the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), to assess the digital policy performance of its Member States. In the current work, an attempt is made to evaluate the performance of the EU countries on the digital economy and society with respect to implemented EU digital policies by studying the five dimensions of the DESI for the years 2014–2019, using the corresponding DESI reports (DESI 2015 – DESI 2020). Moreover, the digital convergence among EU Member States, in terms of similarity of their performance in the five dimensions of the DESI by grouping them according to the optimal number of clusters, is also examined. Since the optimal number of clusters is two, EU Member States are classified in two groups, one of high and one of low performance in the five dimensions of the DESI. The evolution of each member country and the possible transitions from one group to another during the years 2014–2019 is also a point of interest. The grouping of EU Member States into the two clusters showed that socioeconomic factors may affect the overall DESI. Linear mixed effect models confirm the positive effect of Gross Domestic Product per capita, the public expenditure for education and research and development (R&D) on the DESI and the negative effect of the average number of weekly working hours. The results could be used to reform the existing EU digital policies and identify areas where further improvement is needed.

Pengaruh Produk Domestik Bruto dan Inflasi Terhadap Jumlah Uang Beredar (M1) di Indonesia Periode 1980 – 2020 Menurut Pendekatan Klasik

The The research aims to determine the effect of gross domestic product (GDP) and inflation on the total money supply (JUB) in Indonesia. This study uses timeseries data from 1980 to 2020 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics, and Bank Indonesia. This study uses a classical approach. The research was conducted using multiple linear regression. Hypothesis testing using the t test and f test is used to determine the feasibility of the model. The results of the analysis show that the Gross Domestic Product Variable (X1) partially has a positive and significant effect on the Money Supply in Indonesia. The Inflation Variable (X2) partially influences the Money Supply in Indonesia. Based on the analysis of the Simultaneous Test value prob. F of 0.00 < error rate of 0.05. Thus, Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted. This shows that the Gross Domestic Product (X1) Inflation (X2), simultaneously has a significant effect on the Money Supply in Indonesia, because F count is 36.07 > 3.25 F table and the Adjusted R Square coefficient or the coefficient of determination is 0.7452 This means 74.52% of the variation or change in the total money supply can be explained by variations in Gross Domestic Product and Inflation, while the rest (25.48%) is explained by other variables outside this research model. This is consistent with the quantity theory of money. According to the quantity theory of money, according to Irving Fisher, it states that the amount in circulation is directly proportional to changes in prices.

Time-varying disaggregation of the income-emissions nexus: New evidence from the United Kingdom

This paper's objective is to investigate the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis utilizing three unique approaches in this era of accelerating climate change and economic volatility. The first step is to introduce and employ a new cointegration test which allows smooth and sharp structural changes through a dummy variable and a Fourier function. Using a time-varying causality approach, the second stage is to assess the EKC hypothesis's validity for each year of a given period, as opposed to the entire period. The third stage is to conduct time-varying analyses not only of the effect of Gross Domestic Product or aggregate income on environmental degradation but also of the effects of the four major economic units' incomes, namely those of the government, non-financial corporations, households, and the rest of the world. This research derives three conclusions using the United Kingdom as a case study from 1830 to 2016. The impacts of aggregate income and the incomes of the three economic units on carbon emissions are consistent with the EKC hypothesis. Second, each of these effects occurs at different times. Thirdly, the EKC hypothesis regarding the association between the nation's trade income and carbon emissions cannot be validated. To provide policymakers with a dynamic, unit-specific, and effective strategy for mitigating environmental degradation, the paper proposes testing the EKC hypothesis for each year over a specific time period, as well as for the effects of both aggregate income and the disaggregate income of four major economic units.

Macroeconomic Impact on Non-Performing Financing in Islamic Banking in 2011-2021

This study aims to determine the effect of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), unemployment rate, inflation and debt on non-performing financing in the Middle East, Central Asia, and Indonesia for the 2011-2021 period. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods. The data used in this study are secondary data with documentation data collection techniques and literature studies sourced from www.imf.org and financial statements. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with Eviews 12 software. The results of this study show that GDP, unemployment rate, and inflation partially have not significant of non-performing financing. Meanwhile, debt has a positive and significant of non-performing financing.

The Effect of Gross Domestic Product, Energy Consumption and Forest Area on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in ASEAN-5

Due to human activity-related carbon dioxide emissions, the earth's temperature has increased, resulting in climate change and global warming. The anomaly of climate change, which raises the global average temperature, has shown that environmental damage is genuine. In five ASEAN nations—Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines—between 2001 and 2020, this study will examine the impact of GDP, energy use, and forest area on carbon dioxide emissions. This study's methodology combined quantitative descriptive analysis with panel data regression analysis. The findings indicate that forest area and gross domestic product have a negative and considerable impact on carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, carbon dioxide emissions are positively and significantly impacted by energy usage.

The impact of green quality of the energy consumption on carbon emissions in the United States

This paper investigates the impact of energy consumption’s Green Quality Index (GQI) on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2021. At this point, the estimated models control for the effects of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urban population, and globalization on CO2 emissions. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimations demonstrate that GQI and globalization reduce CO2 emissions in the short- and long run. However, GDP per capita and urban population are positively related to CO2 emissions in the short- and long-run. Different estimation techniques confirm the long-run baseline findings. Potential policy implications for reducing CO2 emissions in the United States are also provided.

An investigation into the primary causes of carbon dioxide releases in Kenya: Does renewable energy matter to reduce carbon emission?

This study estimates the effects of gross domestic product (GDP), population, renewable energy consumption, fossil fuels, and foreign direct investment (FDI) on Kenya's carbon emissions by considering time series data from 1972 to 2021. This investigation makes use of the “Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)” method, which is grounded in the theoretical framework of the “Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology” model known as the STIRPAT model. According to the empirical results, the variables have long-run cointegration. This study lends credence to earlier research by demonstrating that a rise in Kenya's GDP and population can increase the country's CO2 emissions. All estimation methods used in this study also demonstrated that GDP growth has a negative impact on CO2 emissions, while population growth has a positive effect in the long run. In the context of ARDL, the impact of fossil fuels on CO2 emissions is positive but not statistically significant. Achieving Kenya's sustainable development required significant investments in the country's renewable energy infrastructure because renewable energy reduces emissions. Based on these findings, policymakers can make informed decisions about the sustainable use of renewable energy.

Effects of Gross Domestic Product of Textile and Textile Product to Reserve for Foreign Exchange and Labor Absorption of Textile and Product Textile

The textile and textile products industry have an important role in the country's economy. In various data it is revealed that the contribution of the textile and textile products industry to Gross Domestic Product is significant, which in turn will have an impact on the State's Foreign Exchange Reserves. On the other hand, this industry also usually deploys a large workforce, so it can be said that the growth of this industry will affect the number of workers absorbed. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Textile and Textile Products Industry in 12 countries in the period 2012 – 2021 and analyze its effects on Foreign Exchange Reserves and Labor Absorption. This study uses ECM panel data regression with the integration order level of Third Difference. The results of the study show that the GDP of TTP has a significant effect on the Foreign Exchange Reserves and the Absorption of TTP Labor with a unidirectional relationship.

Analysis of Economic Growth on Carbon Dioxide Gas Emissions in G20 Countries

Aims: The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of GDP, GFCF, and urban population on carbon dioxide gas emissions. In this case, the member countries of the G20 are the group of countries responsible for 75% of the greenhouse gas emissions produced. The role of the G20 countries is needed in reducing the resulting carbon dioxide gas emissions, to prevent global warming or climate change.
 Study Design: This study used a quantitative descriptive method.
 Place and Duration of Study: The scope of this research is the member countries of the G20 such as Indonesia, South Africa, United States, Saudi Arabia, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, India, United Kingdom, Italy, Japan, Germany, Canada, South Korea, Mexico, France, Russia, and Turkiye, European Union with Time Period 2000-2019.
 Methodology: This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach, namely to analyze and determine the effect of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), and urban population (URB) on carbon dioxide gas emissions in the G20 countries. Furthermore, the data used is secondary data with a panel data regression model, namely a combination of time series data and cross sections starting from 2000-2019.
 Results: The results of this study indicate that GDP, GFCF and urban population have a positive and significant effect on increasing carbon dioxide gas emissions in G20 member countries.
 Conclusion: Based on the calculation results, it is found that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), and urban population (URB) in G20 member countries have a positive and significant effect on increasing carbon dioxide gas emissions, both in partial and simultaneous tests. So that the government's role in this case is needed to maintain a healthy environment with increasing economic growth, or in the sense of creating Sustainable Development Goals.

GDP, firm value and systematic risk on Indonesian Kompas100 stock return

This research was conducted to determine the effect of Gross Domestic Product, company value, systematic risk on stock return of the kompas100 listed company. The population of this study were companies listed on the Kompas100 index for the 2017-2020 period, with a total sample of 53 companies based on a purposive sampling technique. This study uses panel data regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) regression model. Classical Assumption Test was adopted to test data validation. The results showed that Gross Domestic Product and systematic risk had a negative effect on stock returns, while firm value had no effect on stock returns, with a coefficient of determination of 74 percent. The findings in this study explain that Gross Domestic Product and Systematic Risk had a negative effect on stock return explained by the investors’ behavior in terms of decision-making. They tend to avoid market risk and purchase blue chip stock when it is reached its lowest. While firm value had no effect on stock return due to investors’ confidence and the good credibility of Kompas100 Index in sorting 100 stocks.

The Impact of Macroeconomic Fundamental Policies on The Composite Stock Price Index

This study aims to test the purpose of this study, namely to determine the effect of Gross Domestic Product, Inflation, Interest Rates and Rupiah Exchange Rate on the Composite Stock Price Index.This type of research uses quantitative methods and using secondary data. The data used in this study are time series of Gross Domestic Product, Inflation, Interest Rates, Rupiah Exchange Rate and JCI during the 2011-2020 period. Sampling from this study used the saturated sample method from the monthly data of each variable for 10 years, so that 120 samples were obtained. This research uses multiple linear analysis techniques with the application of eviews 9. The results of this study show that the Gross Domestic Product variable has a positive and significant influence on the JCI, the Inflation variable has a positive and significant influence on the JCI, the Interest Rate variable does not have a significant influence on the JCI and the Rupiah Exchange Rate variable has a negative and significant influence on the JCI.

Effects of official and unofficial environmental regulations on environmental quality: Evidence from the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China

Due to the increasing impact of climate change, there is a need to examine the effect of environmental regulation on environmental quality. Consequently, we examine the nonlinear and mediation effects of environmental regulation on environmental quality using panel data of 45 major cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China, from 2013 to 2020. Environmental regulation is divided into official and unofficial environmental regulations according to its formality. The results indicate that an increase of official and unofficial environmental regulations can promote the improvement of environmental quality. In fact, the positive effect of environmental regulation on cities with better environmental quality is greater than that of cities with poorer environmental quality. The implementation of both official and unofficial environmental regulations can improve environmental quality better than the single implementation of either official environmental regulation or unofficial environmental regulation. There are full mediation effects of Gross Domestic Product per capita and technological progress in the positive effects of official environmental regulation on environmental quality. There are also partial mediation effects of technological progress and industrial structure in the positive effects of unofficial environmental regulation on environmental quality. This study assesses the policy effectiveness of environmental regulation and determines the underlying mechanism between environmental regulation and environmental quality to provide a reference for other countries regarding environmental improvement.

Global pattern and determinants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine coverage and progression: a global ecological study

BackgroundUnderstanding and minimizing existing global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination disparities is critical to global population health and eliminating health inequities. The study aims to investigate the disparities of vaccination coverage and progression and the associated economic and educational determinants to inform global COVID-19 vaccination strategies. MethodsCOVID-19 vaccination coverage data from 206 countries used in the study were derived from “Our World in Data” website. After obtaining the vaccination coverage indicators, we fitted the progression indicators for vaccination. Correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine the effects of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, Gini index, education, and their interactions on the coverage and progression of the COVID-19 vaccination. ResultsThe coverage of COVID-19 vaccination ranged from less than 30 doses to more than 150 doses per hundred people, from less than 15% to more than 75% for proportion of people vaccinated, from less than 15% to more than 60% for proportion of people fully vaccinated. Similarly, the progression of vaccination ranged from less than 0.1 to more than 0.6 for progression of total number of doses, from less than 0.1 to more than 0.3 for progression of proportion of people vaccinated, and from less than 0.1 to more than 0.4 for progression of proportion of people fully vaccinated. GDP per capita and education were positively associated with the coverage and progression, while Gini index was negatively associated with the coverage and progression. Negative interaction between GDP per capita and education was also observed for coverage (β = −0.012 to −0.011, P < 0.05) and progression (β = −0.012 to −0.011, P < 0.05). ConclusionsSubstantial geographic disparities existed for the coverage and progression of COVID-19 vaccination. Economy and education are two important factors contributing to the disparities. Different countries may adopt varied strategies to promote the national distribution and vaccination of COVID-19 vaccines.