The impact of green quality of the energy consumption on carbon emissions in the United States

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of energy consumption’s Green Quality Index (GQI) on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2021. At this point, the estimated models control for the effects of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urban population, and globalization on CO2 emissions. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimations demonstrate that GQI and globalization reduce CO2 emissions in the short- and long run. However, GDP per capita and urban population are positively related to CO2 emissions in the short- and long-run. Different estimation techniques confirm the long-run baseline findings. Potential policy implications for reducing CO2 emissions in the United States are also provided.