Effects Of Flavonoid-rich Fraction Research Articles

Effect of Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Coriandrum sativum Leaf on Lipid Profile, Nitric Oxide, Ang II and Cardio Histopathology in L-NAME Intoxicated Experimental Rats

Coriandrum sativum has been used in traditional medicines as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial agent. It is recently been shown to have antioxidant activities. This study evaluated the effects of Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Coriandrum sativum Leaf (FRFCSL) on Lipid Profile, Nitric Oxide, Ang II and Cardio Histopathology in L-NAME intoxicated Experimental Rats. Standard analytical method and DPPH radical scavenging activity were employed for the phytochemicals and antioxidant analysis respectively. The acute toxicity study showed the extract and flavonoids fraction are nontoxic at 5000mg/kg body weight. Thirty rats were divided into five groups of six (6) rats each. Group 1 was administered water and feed only, Group 2 was administered 40mg/kg N-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) without treatment, Group 3 through 5 were administered 40mg/kg N-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) with concomitant administration of Captopril (20mg/kg b.w), FRFCSL (200mg/kg b.w) and FRFCSL (400mg/kg b.w) respectively for 21 days. In phytochemical screening, presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, steroids were confirmed as part of secondary metabolites in the extract. The flavonoid fraction showed increase % DPPH radical inhibition in concentration-dependent manner. FRFCSL treatment significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently lowered low density lipoprotein and triglycerides. Also It significantly (p<0.05) prevented L-NAME induced decrease in serum angiotensin II, high density lipoprotein and serum nitric oxide concentrations compared to the untreated rats. The Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Coriandrum Sativum Leaf showed great potential as antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic and cardioprotective agent in rats thus confirming its usefulness in traditional health therapy and potential for antihypertensive drug development.

P0995EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF FLAVONOID RICH FRACTION OF HYBANTHUS ENNEASPERMUS IN DIABETIC RATS: IN-SILICO MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES FOR SOD, CATALASE, GPX, XANTHINE OXIDASE AND NF-KB

Abstract Background and Aims Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease affected a wide range of population all over the world and leads to development of secondary complications. Enzymes play key role in the development of secondary complication. Method The flavonoid rich fraction was prepared using ethyl acetate. Oral glucose tolerance test normoglycemic effect of flavonoid rich fraction of Hybanthus enneaspermus (EHE) was evaluated at a dose of 45 and 90 mg/kg, p.o. Further effect of EHE on blood glucose, body weight, enzymes such as super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and lipid parameters were estimated out at 45 and 90 mg/kg p.o. per day for 21 days in streptozotocin-induced type-2 diabetic rats. Molecular docking technique was also performed against Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase (Gpx), xanthine oxidase and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) for selected phytoconstituents. Results EHE contain significant amount of phenolic, tannin, flavonoid and saponin. EHE significantly decreased blood glucose level in diabetic rats. All the tested lipid parameters and enzyme level of SOD, Catalase and Gpx were significantly restored to the normal level in the EHE treated rats. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the body weight in the EHE treated rats. Docking study showed the best binding affinity and interaction of phytoconstituents with xanthine oxidase and NF-κB signified their role in kidney disorders. Conclusion EHE has very impressive profile as an antidiabetic, antioxidant and nephroprotective activity via enzymes modulation and it may prove to be effective treatment for kidney disorders in hyperglycemia.

Protective effect on phenytoin-induced cognition deficit in pentylenetetrazol kindled mice: A repertoire of Glycyrrhiza glabra flavonoid antioxidants

Context: Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Febaceae) has been widely used in traditional medicine and scientifically explored for its anticonvulsant and memory improving potential.Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of flavonoid rich fraction of G. glabra root extract against phenytoin-induced cognition deficit in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindled mice.Materials and methods: The ethyl acetate fraction was initially screened in different in vitro free radical scavenging assays. For in vivo studies, the kindled mice in different groups were given 15 d post-treatment with phenytoin (25 mg/kg; p.o.) per se or in combination with varying doses of the fraction (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg; p.o.). Seizure severity score and cognitive functions were accessed using Racine's scale and passive shock avoidance paradigm, respectively on every 5th d after a PTZ challenge dose (35 mg/kg; i.p.). At the end of study, the animals were scarified for cerebral biochemistry.Results: The fraction showed marked antioxidant activity indicated by low IC50 values in DPPH (20.9 µg/mL), nitric oxide radical scavenging (195.2 µg/mL), and capacity of hydrogen peroxide scavenging (3.4 µg/mL) assays. Treatment with phenytoin per se and along with the flavonoid rich fraction showed significant reduction in seizure severity score as compared to vehicle control. The combined-treated groups also showed improved cognitive functions indicated by reduced number of mistakes and increased step-down latency in passive shock avoidance paradigm.Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that the flavonoid rich fraction in combination with phenytoin reduces seizure severity and improve cognitive functions in PTZ-kindled mice.

FLAVONOID RICH FRACTION OF WILLOW LEAVED SEA BUCKTHORN BERRIES ATTENUATED ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INDUCED NEUROBEHAVIORAL DEFICITS, EXCITOTOXICITY AND ASSOCIATED NEURONAL DAMAGE

The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of flavonoid rich fraction of willow leaved Sea buckthorn (SBT) berries against cerebral ischemia reperfusion induced neurobehavioral deficits and excito toxicity. Briefly, the rats were randomly divided into sham, ischemia - reperfusion (I/R) control, SBT (250 and 500 mg/kg) treated groups. The rats were received their respective treatment orally by gavage once daily for 7 days prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h and reperfusion for 22 h. To evaluate the severity of neurobehavioral deficits, a batte ry of tests were employed such as neurological deficit score, grip strength score and adhesive tape removal test. The excito toxicity mediators like glutamate and calcium were measured. The neuronal damage was quantified in terms of infarcted area, which wa s measured by 2, 3, 5 - triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. SBT treated rats showed substantial improvement in neurobehavioral deficit, significantly inhibited the increased levels in glutamate and calcium, si gnificantly prevented the associated ne uronal damage. From our results, i t can be concluded that supplementation of SBT significantly mitigated the ischemia - repe rfusion induced neuronal damage by inhibiting excito toxicity.

Wound-Healing Effect of Flavonoid-Rich Fraction from Tephrosia purpurea Linn. on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Flavonoid-rich fraction and Pongamol (PONG) from Tephrosia purpurea isolated from ethyl alcohol extract by column chromatography were evaluated for wound-healing properties in diabetic rats. The ointments of PONG (0.2 and 0.5% w/w) and flavonoid-rich fraction (5% w/w) were prepared with simple ointment base B.P. An excision wound was made on each streptozotocin-induced diabetic animal, and healing was assessed by determination of protein, hydroxyproline content and antioxidants; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and histopathological study. On the twentieth day, the TPF (ethyl acetate fraction of T. purpurea) ointment–treated group showed 100% contraction while the group treated with 0.2% w/w PONG, 0.5% w/w PONG ointment and control showed 84.28%, 96.53%, and 80.14%, respectively. The hydroxyproline, protein content, and enzyme levels (SOD, CAT, and GSH) increased in animals treated with TPF, 0.5% w/w PONG and Povidone iodine ointment USP. Presence of matured collagen fibers and fibroblasts with better angiogenesis was observed in histopathological studies.

Wound healing effect of flavonoid rich fraction and luteolin isolated from Martynia annua Linn. on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

ObjectiveTo evaluate wound healing potential of flavonoid fractions of Martynia annua (M. annua) Linn. leaves in diabetic rats on the basis of folkloric information and preliminary study. MethodsThe flavonoid compound luteolin and apigenin were isolated from dried leaves of plant by column chromatography. The two concentrations (0.2% and 0.5% w/w) of luteolin and flavonoid fraction were selected for topically applied as ointment on diabetic wound. The Povidone Iodine Ointment USP was used as a reference. On 18th days, protein content, hydroxyproline and antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GSH) level in granuloma tissues were determined. ResultsThe results showed that, percent wound contraction were observed significantly (P<0.01) greater in MAF fraction and 0.5% w/w of luteolin treatment groups. Presence of matured collagen fibres and fibroblasts with better angiogenesis were observed in histopathological studies. ConclusionsIn conclusion, our findings suggest that flavonoid fraction (MAF) and luteolin (0.5% w/w) may have potential benefit in enhancing wound healing in diabetic condition, possibly due to free-radical scavenging activity of plant.

Editorial [Hot topic: Crucial Role of Redox Signaling in the Regulation of Heart Health (Guest Editor: Dipak K. Das)

Editorial [Hot topic: Crucial Role of Redox Signaling in the Regulation of Heart Health (Guest Editor: Dipak K. Das)