Effectiveness Of Extraction Process Research Articles

Effect of extraction processes on the physicochemical and functional properties of protein-rich extracts from the red seaweed Pyropia Seriata (Nori)

This study examined the physicochemical and techno-functional properties of protein extracts from the red seaweed (Pyropia seriata). The extraction processes involved variations of some of the following steps: alkaline treatment, milling, freeze drying, neutralisation, heating, and concentration. The extracts had total amino acid contents ranging between 40 and 55 % of the powders with essential amino acids comprising 25–30 % of the powders. The extracts were particularly abundant in aspartic acid and limited in the essential sulphur amino acids. The molecular weight (MW) distribution of the proteins within the extracts ranged from <10 to 50 kDa. All the extracts were soluble, with a solubility of 65–100 % depending on the final pH of the solution. The extracts had significant foaming-producing and emulsifying potential. The foaming stability ranged between 75 and 91 % for solutions between pH 7 and 11 and less than 75 % for solutions with pH of 5 or 3. Alkaline treatment significantly improved foaming capacity (120–160 %). A similar effect was also observed for emulsifying activity (0.29–0.51) and emulsifying stability (15–40 %). Milling enhanced the emulsifying potential and decreased the mg of amino acids per g powder. Neutralisation with hydrochloric acid instead of citric acid and subsequent heating and concentration showed minimal effect on the properties of the extracts and decreased the mg amino acids per g powder. This research highlights the potential of Pyropia seriata as a source of soluble alternative protein for food applications.

Effects of extraction processes on the physicochemical characteristics and phenolic compound content of olive mill wastewater: a comparative study

Effects of extraction processes on the physicochemical characteristics and phenolic compound content of olive mill wastewater: a comparative study

Effects of Extraction Processes on Recovery, the Phenolic Profile, and Antiglycation Activity from Green Coffee Residues (Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora Pierre)

Effects of Extraction Processes on Recovery, the Phenolic Profile, and Antiglycation Activity from Green Coffee Residues (<i>Coffea arabica</i> and <i>Coffea canephora Pierre</i>)

Effect of extraction process on quality of oil from Asphodelus tenuifolius seeds

In this study, Asphodelus tenuifolius (ATO) seeds oils were extracted by three different extraction methods, namely Soxhlet extraction (SE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The physicochemical properties, fatty acids, sterols, tocols, total phenol content and antioxidant activity of ATO seed were examined and compared. The best extraction yield was from SE (21.97 ± 0.01%), followed by MAE (19.28 ± 0.13%) while that of UAE was the lowest (16.5 ± 0.1%). Analysis of the chemical composition of these oils showed that linoleic acid and β-sitosterol were the main fatty acid and sterol compounds, respectively. A large amount of fatty acids and sterols were not significantly affected by the three extraction methods. Nevertheless, the tocols, the total phenols contents and the antioxidant power showed a variation between these three extracted oils. Based on these results, it was found that this specie has great potential for industrial use.

Effect of extraction process on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Rosmarius officinalis and Globularia alypum extracts

Rosmarinus officinalis and Globularia alypum are well known and commonly used in Algeria as species and medicinal plants. The composition and the biological activities of plants depend on several factors. We investigated the influence of one factor: the extraction process. Water and methanol (80%) were used as solvent in the extraction by infusion, decoction and cold maceration. The extracts were evaluated regarding yields, thin layer chromatography, phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Results showed that temperature increase plants extraction biomass efficiency (15.90% for rosemary and 28.10% for globular). Phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of several phenolic classes, including flavonoids and tannins. In addition, G. alypum contains irridiods. Thin layer chromatography showed the presence of some phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, of which methanolic extracts gave the highest separation. Levels of total phenolics, flavonoïds and tannins were highly influenced by method and solvent system applied. Methanolic extracts were richest in flavonoïds (39.90 mg QE/g for rosmary and 17.97mg QE/g for globular). While, for both plants, higher concentrations of tannins were noted for aqueous extracts prepared by decoction (15.9 mg CE/g and 28.10 mg CE/g respectively). Regarding the antioxidant activity, the antiradical effect of the extracts against the DPPH radical was interesting with an IC50 between 0.024 and 0.33 mg/ml, noting that R. officinalis methanol extract was the most powerful. However, G. alypum extracts, presented a higher reductive power than rosemary. Aqueous extracts, were the most active, reaching optical densities of 1.41 for water infusion extract and 1.53 for water decoction extract.

Effects of Extraction Processes on the Oxidative Stability, Bioactive Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Rice Bran Oil.

This research investigates the effects of different extraction processes on the oil extractability, oxidative stability, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of crude rice bran oil (CRBO). The experimental extraction processes include hexane extraction (HE), cold press extraction (CE), thermally pretreated cold press extraction (CCE), and ultrasound-pretreated cold press extraction (UCE). The results show that thermal cooking and ultrasound pretreatment significantly improve the oil extractability of the cold press extraction process. The oil yields of CE, CCE, and UCE were 14.27, 17.31, and 16.68 g oil/100 g rice bran, respectively. The oxidative stability of CE and CCE oils was higher than HE and UCE oils, as evidenced by the synchrotron-radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) absorption peak. The ρ-anisidine values of HE, CE, CCE, and UCE were 0.30, 0.20, 0.91, and 0.31, respectively. Meanwhile, ultrasound pretreatment significantly reduced the bioactive compounds and chemical antioxidant activity of UCE oil. The CE, CCE, and UCE oils (0.1% oil concentration) exhibited higher inhibitory effects against hydrogen-peroxide-induced cellular oxidative stress, compared to HE oil (0.39% oil concentration). Essentially, CCE is operationally and environmentally suitable for improving the oil yield, oxidative stability, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities of CRBO.

Effect of extraction process and storage time on the quality attributes of pomegranate juice of two local pomegranate varieties

This study investigates the impact of two extraction processes (squeezing the whole fruit and centrifuging the seeds) of pomegranate juice and storage on sweet and sour pomegranate quality attributes. The pH, acidity, and levels of organic acids, sugars and anthocyanin differed in both varieties and changed during the storage period. Fructose and glucose were the primary sugars, and citric acid was the dominant organic acid in the juice of both cultivars. A high level of established anthocyanin content was 15.40, 18.53, 18.03, 16.92, 16,68 and 15.47 mg/L when the storage period was 0, 5, 15, 32, 48 and 72 h, respectively, in the juice of sweet fruits obtained by squeezing the whole fruit. The juice prepared from the sweet fruits by squeezing method outscored, in all sensory quality attributes, the juice prepared by centrifuging process.

Structural properties and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides extracted from Laminaria japonica using various methods

Polysaccharides in brown algae, including the kelp Laminaria japonica, are economically important to both food and pharmaceutical industries. The method used to extract polysaccharides significantly influences their characteristics and functions. In this study, L. japonica polysaccharides (LJP) were extracted using four techniques: hot-water extraction (HWE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), and acid-assisted extraction (AAE). The highest yield (9.73 ± 0.29 %) and sulfate content (12.47 ± 0.79 %) were obtained via UAE, whereas EAE yielded the highest total carbohydrate content (53.50 ± 1.38 %), with an extraction yield of 9.12 ± 0.13 %. The minimum molecular weight (Mw) was found after AAE, whereas a higher Mw was obtained after EAE and HWE, and a homogeneous Mw was obtained after UAE. All four LJP extracts contained a helix-coil conformation based on Congo red staining, with five monosaccharides, fucose, galactose, mannose, xylose, and glucuronic acid, in varying proportions. Polysaccharides extracted via EAE and UAE exhibited higher antioxidant activity with morphological and conformation changes. A significant correlation was noted between sulfate content and antioxidant activity, and antioxidant capacity was positively correlated to mannose content rather than uronic acid. The results indicate UAE to be the best of the four extraction methods for polysaccharides with homogeneous Mw and high antioxidant activity. This study sheds light on the effects of extraction processes on the physiochemical characteristics of polysaccharides and the relationship between chemical composition and antioxidant activities.

Effects of extraction process on the dried cell wall pore structure of messmate heartwood

In order to study the effects of a messmate heartwood extraction process on its cell wall pore structure and its drying ability, its nanopore structure was explored after via gas adsorption technology. Specifically, the messmate heartwood particles were extracted with methanol, and then the cell wall pore structure of the original and extracted samples were evaluated by N2 and CO2 sorption and pycnometer methods, respectively. Overall, compared with the original samples, the cell wall porosity, micropore volume, mesopore volume, BET specific surface area, and specific surface area of the micropores of the extracted messmate heartwoods increased by 2.55%, 0.007 cm3/g, 0.0014 cm3/g, 0.24 m2·g-1, and 21.9 m2·g-1, respectively. The cell wall pore volume measured via the gas adsorption method was smaller than the measurement from the pycnometer method. The results indicated that the presence of extractives made the messmate cell wall have a decreased pore volume and porosity, which may be one of the reasons messmate wood is difficult to dry. Messmate extractives primarily were present in the micropores of the cell wall in the range of 0.4 nm to 0.7 nm. However, gas sorption technology could not detect all the pores in the cell wall of the messmate heartwood sample.

Effect of Extraction Processes on Bioactive Compounds from Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor: Their Applications in the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

The objective of this study was to obtain bioactive compounds from extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor to be used as reducing agents in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The mushrooms were dried using two methodologies: solar dehydration and cabinet oven dryer. Two procedures were applied to extract bioactive compounds from the fresh and dehydrated Pleurotus spp. In the first, maceration was applied at 25 °C using water and ethanol at different concentrations with stirring for 48 h. In the second, extractions were carried out by boiling for 2 h using Soxhlet equipment. Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins, and ascorbic acid were determined. Antioxidant capacities were quantified by ABTS and DPPH methods. For both species, the extract obtained by maceration with 100% water, and dried in the solar dehydrator exhibited the highest antioxidant activities. The extracts were used in the synthetic reactions of AgNPs, using a suspension of 3 mM silver nitrate. The AgNPs were oven-dried at 100 oC and calcined to obtain a powder that was characterized by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy, obtaining AgNPs with an average particle size of 28.44 nm for P. ostreatus and 55.76 nm for P. djamor.

Effect of extraction process on extraction yeild, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of Jasminum Subtriplinerve

Jasminum Subtriplinerve Blume (Oleaceae) is herbal plants widely a tea for weight loss, stimulates milk glands. Extract product it easy used yet had little research. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of extracting conditions such as water/material ratio, extraction temperature and extracting time on extracting yield, polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of J.subtriplinerve extract. The total phenolic compounds were determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Extraction yield (0.22g/100 g) was obtained at water/material ratio 15:1 (ml/g), 40°C and 4 hours extraction time. Under these optimized conditions, the polyphenol content of was 2640.4 μg/1g extract. And the extract can harvest 46.11 % of DPPH (30 μg/mL) at 10 000 μg/ml concentration

Effect of extraction system and grape variety on anti-influenza compounds from wine production residue

The effects of extraction process using three different solvents [50% aqueous acetone (Ace/w), 50% aqueous ethanol (Eth/w) or 50% aqueous methanol (Meth/w)] and wine production residue (seeds, skin and pomace) from Pinot noir [PN] and Pinot meunier [PM] on the phenolic profile and anti-influenza activity of their extracts were determined. Meth/w extracts resulted in the lowest (P < 0.05) total phenolic content (TPC) of seed extracts compared to other solvents, but the solvent extraction systems did not have an effect on TPC of pomace and grape skin. Pinot meunier pomace extracts had protective effects against influenza virus A at a concentration of 1 mg/mL whereas both seed and skin extracts were effective at 10 mg/mL. Meth/w extracts exhibited generally higher anti-influenza activity than other extracts. The anti-influenza activity of wine production residue extracts is not dependent on TPC.

Study on the Effect of Extraction Process of Moringa Instant Tea on Its Sensory Quality

Using Moringa as the raw material, the single factor and orthogonal experiments of the extraction process were performed to study the effect of the extraction process on the content of free amino acids and soluble sugars and the main volatile components in Moringa oleifera leaves, and finally organoleptic evaluation was performed on the color and odor of instant tea, and the effect of extraction process on its quality was analyzed. The results showed that after single-factor and three-factor three-level experiments, different objects were used as evaluation criteria, and the corresponding optimal extraction scheme was selected, which provided a sufficient theoretical basis for the actual production of Moringa instant tea.

Effect of Extraction Process on Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Oil from Yellow Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Var. Flavicarpa) Seeds

In this study, the effect of different extraction methods including subcritical fluid extraction (SubFE) with compressed propane at 30 and 60 °C and pressures from 2 to 8 MPa, a solvent extraction using Soxhlet (SE) apparatus with two different solvents (n-hexane and ethanol) and the ultrassound-assisted extraction (UAE) with ethanol as solvent on the extraction yield, physicochemical properties, fatty acids profile and tocopherol content, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of organic yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa). Higher yields were obtained by SE with n-hexane (26.12%) and compressed propane at 30 °C and 8 MPa (24.68%). The physicochemical parameters were consistent with the requirements of Codex Alimentarius regarding the most popular plant oils. Higher content of unsaturated fatty acids (86.65%) and linoleic acid (68.99%) was obtained by compressed propane at 30 °C and 2 MPa. The oils obtained by Soxhlet with n-hexane and compressed propane at 60 °C and 2 MPa showed higher tocopherol content (8.22 and 5.98 mg/100 goil, respectively). All oil samples presented high antioxidant performance and showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. This study further confirms that organic yellow passion fruit seed oils represent a good source of essential unsaturated fatty acids and demonstrated that there is an opportunity to add value for this agroindustrial waste with the use of unconventional extraction methods such as compressed propane, a green recovery technology yet still unexplored for seed oil extraction.

Impact of Extraction Method on Physicochemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Potential of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Adansonia digitata&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Oil

In this study, the effect of extraction processes on the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant potential of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) seed oil was evaluated. The oils were extracted, on the one hand, by cold pressing, and on the other hand, with three types of organic solvents (acetone, chloroform, n-hexane). The recorded results indicated that the extraction yield of baobab oil was significantly impacted by both the extraction method and the polarity of the solvent used. In addition, chloroform provides the best extraction yield (40.12 ± 0.607). However, extraction by cold pressure preserves at best the physicochemical and bioactive properties of the extracted oils. Indeed, the pressing oil contains a content of phenolic compounds (0.047 ± 0.0024 mgEAG/g of oil) and a very high radical scavenging activity (DPPH) (31.71% ± 0.61%). For the various oils extracted, the minimum and maximum values were 0.50 and 3.17 mEq?kg-1; 56.26 and 99.113 mgI2?100 g-1; 1.457 and 1.465; 205.37 and 233.587 mgKOH/g respectively for the peroxide, iodine, refractive and saponification values. The color parameters (L*, a* and b*) of the oils also differ depending on the nature of the organic solvent used. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were performed on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of the extracted oils. Therefore, the results suggest the mixed use of acetone and hexane to obtain oil comparable to that extracted by cold pressing.

Effect of Extraction Process and Surface Treatment on the mechanical properties in Pineapple Leaf Fibre

Pineapple Leaf Fibre (PALF) is a one of the natural fibre that has high potential in the industry. Natural fibres have become the main alternative source in the modern world industry. The objective of this study is to observe the effect chemical treatment using Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution on the physical and mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fibre. Different concentration of NaOH solution (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%) and different treatment time (1 hour, 3 hour and 5 hour) are used for the experiment. The tensile test was conducted to obtain the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Yong modulus, (E) and elongation at break. From the results obtained, NaOH concentration of 6% and five-hour treatment time that was used for treatment showed the higher physical and mechanical properties values. Furthermore, morphology analysis also shows the surface of the fibre at 6% NaOH after five-hour of treatment was in the better condition with good bonding arrangement of the fibre.

Effect of extraction process on composition, oxidative stability and rheological properties of purslane seed oil.

Purslane seed oil could be considered as potential nutritious oil due to its desirable fatty acid composition and other biological active compounds. In this study the effect of three extraction procedure including solvent extraction, cold pressing and microwave pretreatment (MW) followed by cold pressing on oil yield, physicochemical properties, oxidative stability and rheological behaviors of oil was investigated. Solvent extracted oil had the highest extraction yield (72.31%). Pretreatment by microwave before cold press extraction resulted in an increase in extraction yield, total phenolic compound (TPC) and antioxidant activity. Cold press extracted oil had the lowest oxidative stability (4.64h). This property was greatly enhanced by microwave irradiation, so that the longest oxidative stability was found in MW-cold press extracted oil with 9.67h. Furthermore, all extracted oils demonstrated Newtonian flow behaviors. MW-cold press extracted oil had the greatest apparent viscosity and highest sensitivity to temperature changes (Ea=29.18kJ/mol-1).

Effects of extraction processes on the antioxidant activity of apple polyphenols

The effects of microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and water bath extraction on the antioxidant activity of apple polyphenols are reported in this short communication. This study evaluated these methods based on their effect on the antioxidant activity of apple polyphenols whereas previous studies focused only on the yield rate of the extraction methods. The oxidation induction periods of apple polyphenols were 6.11, 3.26 and 1.13 h for microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and water bath extraction, respectively. This result indicates that from the perspective of antioxidant activity protection microwave-assisted extraction is much better than the other two methods. Hopefully, this study could attract researchers’ attention to the property of apple polyphenols in extraction and promote the development of natural polyphenols extraction methods.

Characterization of cellulose prepared from some Algerian lignocellulosic materials (zeen oak wood, Aleppo pine wood and date palm rachis)

The potential for pulp production from Algerian wood waste (Aleppo pine, zeen oak and date palm rachis) was explored in this work. The effect of extraction processes (Kraft or organosolv) on fibers crystallinity was evaluated and related to the thermal behavior. From comparison to microcrystalline cellulose, it resulted that for date palm rachis the best cellulose characteristics were obtained by using organosolv pulping: high yield of α-cellulose (33.66 %), high crystallinity (68.87 %) and decomposition temperature (357.97 °C) were obtained. On the other hand, Kraft pulping seems to be suitable for zeen oak and Aleppo pine.

Effects of Extraction Process on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Soybean

In this research, a set of experiments was carried out for identifying the optimum conditions of independent variables affecting phenolic content extraction efficiency and antioxidant activity of soybean seeds (Glycine max L.). They included the use of different organic solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetone); concentrations of solvent (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 v/v, %); the soybean–to–solvent ratio (1:4, 1:6; 1:8 and 1:10) and the number extraction cycles (2, 3 and 4); the extraction time (2, 3 and 4 hours) and the temperature (30, 40, 50 and 60oC). The extraction abilities of phenolics manifested in forms of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) as well as the antioxidant activity by 1,1–diphenyl–2–picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH) were used as assessment indicators. Generally, high extraction yield was obtained using aqueous acetone 70% as solvent; the most suitable soybean–to–solvent ratio was 1:6 for 3 cycles of extraction. The extraction yield could further be increased using a prolonged time of 3 hours at the temperature of 40°C.