Effects Of Different Wavelengths Research Articles

Blue LED lighting improves the postharvest quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Zahide F1) fruits

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different wavelengths of LED lighting on the postharvest quality of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Zahide) during breaker harvest stages..
 Material and Methods: Harvested tomato fruits were placed on 500 g polystyrene foam dishes and wrapped with stretch film. They then were stored in 4±1ºC temperature and 85-90% relative humidity for 42 days under the red (R), blue (B), green (G) and white (W) LED light conditions. The fruits stored in the dark were used as control (C). 
 Results: R and W LED treatments increased hue angle value, yellowness index value, and fruit firmness of tomatoes Blue LED lighting, also decreased electrolyte leakage that indicates delaying senescence. It was also found that blue and red LED lighting delayed fruit decay.
 Conclusion: As a conclusion, it could be satated that the blue LED lighting was found to be more effective than the red, white and green LED light in maintaining the quality of the tomatoes harvested at the breaking stage.

LED 처리 및 플라즈마 방전수에 의한 담수경재배 새싹삼의 생육 및 품질에 미치는 영향

Panax ginseng sprouts have important medicinal properties and thus the optimization of growth conditions is an important research goal. The effects of LED treatment and plasma-activated water on the growth and quality of Panax ginseng sprouts (PGS) in hydroponic cultivation were evaluated. Using 1-year-old ginseng plants, light was applied 9-18 h for the CGS, TGS1, TGS2, and TGS3 groups and 24 h for TGS4. Plasma-activated water was used in all groups except CGS and TGS1, and fermentation nutrient solutions (NO) were added to TGS1, TGS3, and TGS4. The TGS4 group had a high total length and initial length on days 7 and 14. At 21 days, the growth of TGS1, TGS3, and TGS4 with NO nutrient solutions increased. The total decay rate (%) was low (4.24-4.65%) for TGS1, TGS2, and TGS3. Although the chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll contents were significantly higher in TGS4 than in other groups (p<0.05), TGS3 tended to show higher carotenoid levels. Therefore, for the hydroponic cultivation of PGS, nutrient solutions and plasma-activated water influence growth, and the LED treatment duration influences growth and functional substances. During hydroponic cultivation, TGS4 conditions resulted in high growth, saponin contents, and radical scavenging activity, with excellent functionality. However, considering the high rate of root decay, further studies of the effects of different wavelengths and treatment durations (light and dark cycles) on growth are needed.

Effect of different wavelengths of LED light on the growth, chlorophyll, β-carotene content and proximate composition of Chlorella ellipsoidea

Chlorella ellipsoidea is a freshwater green microalga that has great prospect for the sustainable development of aquaculture industry. Microalgae require optimal lighting conditions for efficient photosynthesis. The key to cost-effective algal biomass production is to optimize algae growth conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of various wavelengths viz. white (380–750 nm), green (510 nm), blue (475 nm), and red (650 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the growth, pigment content (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and β-carotene), and proximate composition of C. ellipsoidea with a photoperiod of 12 h:12 h light: dark cycle under indoor environmental conditions. C. ellipsoidea was cultured in Bold's Basal Medium for 18 days. The cell density (125.36×105 cells ml−1), cell dry weight (58.9 ± 4.57 mg L−1), optical density (1.66 ± 0.08 g L−1), chlorophyll-a (7.31 ± 0.04 μg ml−1), chlorophyll-b (2.73 ± 0.13 μg ml−1), and β-carotene (0.39 ± 0.04 μg ml−1) content of C. ellipsoidea were significantly (P < 0.05) higher at 15th-day when cultured under blue LED light exposure. Significantly lower growth and nutritional values were obtained under red LED light exposure compared to the control and other LEDs spectra. In Pearson correlation analysis, the cell density and cell dry weight values showed a strong positive correlation with the values of pigment contents of C. ellipsoidea in all the treatments. The LEDs light spectra showed significant effects on proximate composition of C. ellipsoidea. Protein and lipid contents of C. ellipsoidea were significantly higher in blue LED growth conditions compared to white, green, and red LEDs. C. ellipsoidea cells were 3˗7.04 μm in size and the maximum area of the cell was 38.94 μm2 in blue LED treatment. Results of this study demonstrated that blue LED light spectra was the most suitable condition to induce nutritionally rich biomass production of C. ellipsoidea, which can be used as a potential source of fish feed towards sustainable aquaculture.

Photodetector without Electron Transport Layer Based on Hexane-1,6-Diammonium Pentaiodobismuth (HDA-BiI5) Molecular Semiconductor

With the development of the semiconductor industry, research on photoelectronic devices has been emphasized. In this paper, a molecular semiconductor material with a narrow bandgap of hexane-1,6-diammonium pentaiodobismuth (HDA-BiI5) was utilized to prepare photodetectors without electron transport layers. Using a single light source, the effects of different wavelengths and different powers on the photoresponsivity, switching ratio, specific detectivity, and external quantum efficiency of the device were investigated. It is demonstrated that this device has excellent responsivity, specific detectivity, stability, and repeatability, and this work will help expand the application of molecular semiconductor materials for photodetection.

P–188 Ambient light intensity and wavelength in the IVF laboratory does not affect life birth rates

Abstract Study question Do different wavelengths and intensities in ambient lighting affect clinical outcomes? Summary answer Variations on ambient lighting intensity and wavelength do not affect life birth rates. What is known already Light is one of the factors to consider when designing an IVF laboratory. Most IVF clinics work under reduced illumination, trying to mimic uterine conditions as much as possible. Nevertheless, it has been described that 95% of the light that affects an embryo comes from the microscope, not ambient lighting. It is well accepted that exposure to extreme lighting conditions affects embryos through photo-oxidation and the creation of reactive oxygen species. Still, there is no study that documents the effect of different wavelengths on human embryos. Study design, size, duration Prospective study performed between january 2019 and february 2020. Every 60 days we changed ambient illumination conditions using the LED lighting installed throughout the IVF laboratory. Six different groups were created: Cyan (470nm), Green (550nm), Yellow (600nm), Orange (625nm), intense white (WH), and low intensity white (WL) as control group. Participants/materials, setting, methods A total of 572 egg donation cicles with 355 fresh single embryo transfers were included in the study. In all cycles ICSI and Time-lapse culture was performed (Embryoscope, Vitrolife). PGT and testicular biopsy/aspiration treatments were excluded. Eggs and embryos were exposed to ambient illumination during pick-up, denudation, ICSI, and embryo transfer procedures. Main results and the role of chance Light exposure during embryo/gamete manipulation is inevitable. Hence, we analyzed parameters linked to the success of an IVF cycle to assess the effect of different lighting conditions concluding that neither light color nor intensity affect IVF success rates. No differences were found between groups regarding maternal age, age of the recipient, diagnostic, or number of eggs received (p &amp;gt; 0.05). Fertilization rates were similar between groups (C = 77.04%; G = 73.72%; Y = 75.64%; O = 78.1%; WL = 76.4%; WH = 75.2%; p = 0.216) as well as good quality blastocyst rates (C = 57.35%; G = 57.37%; Y = 62.30%; O = 59.75%; WL = 63.28%; WH = 60.55%; p = 0.234). Regarding clinical outcomes both implantation and miscarriage rates were found to be equal between groups (C = 61.67%; G = 52.89%; Y = 55.10%; O = 66.18%; WL = 66.00%; WH = 53.55%; p = 0.194, and C = 24.32%; G = 19.15%; Y = 11.11%; O = 24.44%; WL = 15.15%; WH = 8.11%; p = 0.301). The main outcome for this study was live birth rates and no differences were found (C = 51.85%; G = 50.00%; Y = 52.17%; O = 53.97%; WL = 57.14%; WH = 50.75%; p = 0.168). Limitations, reasons for caution We must take into account that embryos were cultured inside a time-lapse incubator, diminishing the effect of ambient light. Wider implications of the findings: This study demonstrates that, with advances in culture technology, neither light intensity nor light wavelength affecting gametes/embryos during manipulation influence clinical outcomes. Trial registration number Not applicable

Study on the Influence of LED Spectrum on the Visual and Nonvisual Effects in the Interior Zone of Tunnels

Judicious use of lamps is of profound significance to improve the internal traffic safety of tunnels. This study evaluated the biological effects of spectrum on human visual and nonvisual under mesopic vision category. According to the difference of human eyes’ response to the visual and nonvisual biological effects of different wavelengths of light radiation, a method of applying the mesopic visual spectral luminous efficiency curve to the assessment of nonvisual biological effects and blue light hazards is proposed. The results show that, in theory, under mesopic vision category, the spectrum with high correlation color temperature (CCT) and high color rendering index (CRI) has higher blue light content Z-value and has greater impact on human nonvisual effects and blue light radiation damage, but it can also provide higher human perception luminance. The visual effect detection experiment of driving in the interior zones of the tunnel is simulated in the laboratory, and the critical flicker frequency and reaction time are taken as physiological indexes. The results show that the spectrum with high CCT and high CRI corresponds to lower critical flicker frequency drop value and faster reaction time, which has a positive effect on improving driving safety. Therefore, this paper suggests that the LED with high CCT and high CRI (CCT = 6500 K, CRI2012 = 95) should be used in the interior zones of the tunnel with relatively short lighting section, and the CCT and CRI should be appropriately reduced in other road environments with long lighting section to reduce the impact of spectrum on nonvisual photobiology, so as to improve road traffic safety.

Metagenomic, Metabolomic, and Functional Evaluation of Kimchi Broth Treated with Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs).

The light-emitting diode (LED) has been widely used in the food industry, and its application has been focused on microbial sterilization, specifically using blue-LED. The investigation has been recently extended to characterize the biotic and abiotic (photodynamic) effects of different wavelengths. Here, we investigated LED effects on kimchi fermentation. Kimchi broths were treated with three different colored-LEDs (red, green, and blue) or kept in the dark as a control. Multiomics was applied to evaluate the microbial taxonomic composition using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the metabolomic profiles were determined using liquid chromatography–Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Cell viability was tested to determine the potential cytotoxicity of the LED-treated kimchi broths. First, the amplicon sequencing data showed substantial changes in taxonomic composition at the family and genus levels according to incubation (initial condition vs. all other groups). The differences among the treated groups (red-LED (RLED), green-LED (GLED), blue-LED (BLED), and dark condition) were marginal. The relative abundance of Weissella was decreased in all treated groups compared to that of the initial condition, which coincided with the decreased composition of Lactobacillus. Compositional changes were relatively high in the GLED group. Subsequent metabolomic analysis indicated a unique metabolic phenotype instigated by different LED treatments, which led to the identification of the LED treatment-specific and common compounds (e.g., luteolin, 6-methylquinoline, 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, and 9-HODE). These results indicate that different LED wavelengths induce characteristic alterations in the microbial composition and metabolomic content, which may have applications in food processing and storage with the aim of improving nutritional quality and the safety of food.

A two-parameter model for predicting thermal contact resistance between crystal and aluminum alloy based on turning morphology

Thermal contact resistance (TCR) is a key factor in thermal engineering which affects the thermal-structural design of precision instruments. To reveal the influence of turning morphology on the TCR between potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal and aluminum alloy, a novel simplified model considering two parameters of wavelength and slope is proposed. Meanwhile, the TCR of KDP crystal and aluminum alloy are experimentally investigated to validate this two-parameter model, where the effects of different wavelengths and slopes on Mises stress distribution, temperature distribution, heat flux and TCR can be analyzed. By incorporating the theory of plane turning, the TCR can be reduced by controlling the feed rate and cutting thickness under a certain roughness. This research provides a theoretical basis for the thermal-structural design of crystal modules and the turning of aluminum alloy.

Visible Light Driven VO2/g‐C3N4 Z‐Scheme Composite Photocatalysts for Selective Oxidation of DL‐1‐Phenylethyl Alcohol under Vis‐LEDs Irradiation and Aerobic Oxidation

AbstractA novel VO2/g‐C3N4 Z‐Scheme type heterostructure composite photocatalyst was fabricated by the ultrasonic‐assisted method. The newly synthesized photocatalyst has been systematically and comprehensively characterized and analyzed. Through the selective oxidation of DL‐1‐Phenylethyl alcohol under Vis‐LED irradiation and aerobic oxidation, the photocatalytic performance of VO2/g‐C3N4 photocatalyst was investigated. The results showed that the prepared VO2/g‐C3N4 nanocomposites exhibited excellent photocatalytic oxidation performance. Among them, the highest turnover frequency (TOF) was 0.42 mmol (DL‐1‐Phenylethyl alcohol)⋅mmol−1 (catalyst)⋅h−1, which was 5 times higher than the TOF of the original g‐C3N4. The effects of different wavelengths of LED monochromatic light, the composite ratio of VO2 and g‐C3N4, the reaction time, and the different benzyl alcohol substrates were studied. Also, catalyst life test was completed. Furthermore, a persuasive mechanism of photocatalytic selective oxidation of DL‐1‐Phenylethyl alcohol on VO2/g‐C3N4 photocatalyst was proposed through EPR and radical trapping experiments.

Effect of Different Wavelengths of Laser Irradiation on the Skin Cells.

The invention of systems enabling the emission of waves of a certain length and intensity has revolutionized many areas of life, including medicine. Currently, the use of devices emitting laser light is not only an indispensable but also a necessary element of many diagnostic procedures. It also contributed to the development of new techniques for the treatment of diseases that are difficult to heal. The use of lasers in industry and medicine may be associated with a higher incidence of excessive radiation exposure, which can lead to injury to the body. The most exposed to laser irradiation is the skin tissue. The low dose laser irradiation is currently used for the treatment of various skin diseases. Therefore appropriate knowledge of the effects of lasers irradiation on the dermal cells’ metabolism is necessary. Here we present current knowledge on the clinical and molecular effects of irradiation of different wavelengths of light (ultraviolet (UV), blue, green, red, and infrared (IR) on the dermal cells.

Effects of different wavelengths of invasive laser acupuncture on chronic non-specific low back pain: a study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial

BackgroundChronic non-specific low back pain (CLBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder for which patients seek complementary and alternative medical treatments, including laser acupuncture (LA). Invasive LA (ILA) involves the simultaneous application of invasive acupuncture treatment at acupoints and focused laser irradiation. The efficacy of ILA for CLBP remains controversial owing to the insufficient clinical trial data. We intend to obtain basic data regarding the efficacy and safety of ILA for CLBP by comparing the effects of different wavelengths of ILA on CLBP.MethodsThis will be a prospective, patient-blinded, parallel-arm, single-center (DongShin University Gwangju Korean Medicine Hospital, Republic of Korea), pilot randomized controlled clinical trial. Forty-five participants with CLBP will be randomized in equal numbers into the control, 650-nm ILA (650 ILA), or 830-nm ILA (830 ILA) group. The control group will receive sham ILA for 10 min and real electroacupuncture (EA) for 10 min. The 650 and 830 ILA groups will receive real ILA (i.e., 650 ILA group, 650-nm wavelength; 830 ILA group, 830-nm wavelength) for 10 min and real EA for 10 min once/day, twice a week for 4 weeks, at bilateral Shenshu (BL23), Qihaishu (BL24), Dachangshu (BL25), and Huantiao (GB30). The primary outcome will be an improvement in pain intensity assessed using the visual analog scale. Scores in the Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Index and the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level scale will be recorded as secondary outcome measures. All scores will be recorded at baseline (before intervention), 4 weeks after the first intervention (at the end of the intervention), and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention.DiscussionThe study is expected to provide preliminary evidence regarding the efficacy, safety, and usefulness of ILA for the treatment of CLBP.Trial registrationThis trial was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (registration No. KCT0004610; http://cris.nih.go.kr). Registered on 7 January 2020.

Effects of different wavelengths of low-level laser therapy on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption in rats investigated with micro–computerized tomography

The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of different wavelengths low-level laser therapies on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) during orthodontic tooth movement in rats by micro-computerized tomography. Forty Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups: control group (A), 405-nm laser group (B), 532-nm laser group (C), 650-nm laser group (D), and 940-nm laser group (E). The left side of group A was used as a positive control (A-PC), and the right side of group A was used as a negative control (A-NC) group. In all groups, the maxillary left first molars were moved mesially by 50g of force for 14days. The lasers were performed for 9minutes on the maxillary left first molar tooth. At the end of the experimental period, OIIRR measurements were performed at the mesial and the distal sides along the mesial root of the maxillary first molars. The root resorption volume was significantly lower in group A-NC than in groups A-PC, B, and D. The percentage of root resorption was significantly lower in group A-NC than in all other groups. The root resorption volume and the percentage of root resorption in groups C, D, and E were significantly lower than group A-PC. The depth and the width of the lacuna and even the number of mesial lacunae were similar between groups. The distal and the total lacunae were significantly lower in group A-NC than in all other groups except group C. The 532-nm, 650-nm, and 940-nm lasers significantly reduced the volume of OIIRR. In addition, the 532-nm laser reduced the number of lacunae both distally and totally than all the other groups.

UV-LED lights enhance the establishment and biological control efficacy of Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae).

The zoophytophagous mirid Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae) is one of the biological control agents against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a major pest of greenhouse crops. The successful establishment of a biological control agent and its co-occurrence with the target pests increases the efficacy of biological control programs in greenhouses. In this study, we explored the effects of different wavelengths of LED light on establishment of N. tenuis in laboratory condition, with the goal of enhancing the biological control of B. tabaci in greenhouse crops. Nesidiocoris tenuis was most strongly attracted by LED light at a wavelength of 385 nm. This same wavelength was also highly attractive to B. tabaci in Y-tube experiments with lights of specific wavelengths provided is each arm of the apparatus. In trials in growth chambers, we verified the attraction of N. tenuis to 385 nm wavelength. When LED light at a wavelength of 385 nm was used in a growth chamber for 6 hours out of 24 hours, it significantly increased the remaining number of N. tenuis in growth chamber and level of predation compared to treatment with white LED light or without LED light. In conclusion, UV-LED light at a wavelength of 385 nm attracts both B. tabaci and N. tenuis. Thus, it would be used for enhancing early establishment of this mirid bug, better spatial congruence of both mirid bug and whitefly, and better control of the whitefly.

Exosomes and alpha-synuclein within retina from autophagy to protein spreading in neurodegeneration.

In the course of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as well as in multiple retinal disorders protein aggregates are described at various levels in the retina. In AMD this fills the space between retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the form of drusen, which contains amyloid and other protein aggregates along with lipids. Nonetheless, in very advanced stages of AMD, as well as in other retinal pathologies and early on in retinitis pigmentosa, a number of neuronal inclusions, which stain for α-synuclein spreads all over the retinal layers. Thus, an early or later defect in the clearance of α-synuclein may represent a final common pathway to these phenomena. The physiological clearance of α-synuclein is provided by the autophagy machinery starting at the level of the RPE and occurring throughout the retina. Such a process is also involved in the clearance of melanin-dependent toxic metabolites under the effects of different wavelengths and the stimulatory activity of the sympathetic nervous system. In search for the occurrence of these culprits, here we report the presence of α-synuclein in the retina combined with exosomal detection to document the presence of a α-synuclein spreading apparatus. This was correlated with the occurrence of autophagy markers throughout retinal layers, along with sympathetic innervation, which in turn was related to melanin content.

The application of LED illumination and intelligent control in plant factory, a new direction for modern agriculture: A Review

Because of its cold light source and adjustable spectrum characteristics, light-emitting diode (LED) is widely used in modern agriculture, it can promote the growth and photomorphogenesis of the plant, also can improve yield and quality. Here, we introduce the advantages of LED over traditional light sources, and analyze the effects of different wavelengths of light on phototrophic plants and the ways in which different light detection systems interact in plants. We also analyze the effects of LED illumination on plants, the response of plants to LED illumination systems. In addition, we summarize the typical LED supplement light devices and intelligent control system in the world, and introduce their working methods and advantages respectively. Finally, we look forward to the future development direction and application prospects of LED with the intelligent control and machine in modern agriculture.

Effects of different wavelength from Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) on growth and development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae

A light environment in aquatic habitat is one of the essential physical parameters affecting the growth and physiology of fish. To investigate the effects of light on the growth of zebrafish embryos and larvae (Danio rerio), fishes were reared under the illumination of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) of different wavelengths, including green, red, blue, and white. Morphometric, neuromast staining with 2-[4-(Dimethylamino)styryl]-1-ethylpyridinium iodide (DASPEI) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analyses were used to examine the initial development of sensory capacity in this study. On days 5, 6, and 7, the green light produced the most favorable result. Blue light consistently impacted early parameters such as eye development, egg yolk absorption, and total length. These impacts were synchronous with the initiation of feeding. Exposure to specific wavelengths of light can induce the appearance of gene expression, opn1lw1 detected opsin and (mtnr1ba and aanat2) were active under all four experimental lighting conditions. This retinal gene appears to be sensitive to ambient wavelength, but apparently, genes in the melatonin pathway are not.

Vibration enhanced cell growth induced by surface acoustic waves as in vitro wound-healing model

We report on in vitro wound-healing and cell-growth studies under the influence of radio-frequency (rf) cell stimuli. These stimuli are supplied either by piezoactive surface acoustic waves (SAWs) or by microelectrode-generated electric fields, both at frequencies around 100 MHz. Employing live-cell imaging, we studied the time- and power-dependent healing of artificial wounds on a piezoelectric chip for different cell lines. If the cell stimulation is mediated by piezomechanical SAWs, we observe a pronounced, significant maximum of the cell-growth rate at a specific SAW amplitude, resulting in an increase of the wound-healing speed of up to 135 ± 85% as compared to an internal reference. In contrast, cells being stimulated only by electrical fields of the same magnitude as the ones exposed to SAWs exhibit no significant effect. In this study, we investigate this effect for different wavelengths, amplitude modulation of the applied electrical rf signal, and different wave modes. Furthermore, to obtain insight into the biological response to the stimulus, we also determined both the cell-proliferation rate and the cellular stress levels. While the proliferation rate is significantly increased for a wide power range, cell stress remains low and within the normal range. Our findings demonstrate that SAW-based vibrational cell stimulation bears the potential for an alternative method to conventional ultrasound treatment, overcoming some of its limitations.

LASER SURGERY OF NEVUS OF OTA AND NEVUS OF ITO

Introduction. Clinical variants of congenital melanocytosis in the dermis- nevus of Ota and nevus of Ito (NOI) - may cause marked cosmetic effects; they fail to regress and are reported to be associated with the risk of malignancy. Purpose. To develop criteria and the algorithm for selecting the optimal laser system and radiation specifications to remove NOI considering specific properties of the optical pattern of skin lesions having different locations and melanin concentration. Methods. A scientific and analytical review of publications indexed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Web of Science, Russian Medicine, RSCI. Calculation of laser radiation absorption coefficients for various pathomorphological variants of dermal melanocyte locations, given the peculiarities of laser light interaction with targeted photothermophores in NOI focus. Results. The authors present data on epidemiology, history and clinical features of congenital derma melanocytosis of nevus of Ota and nevus of Ito (NOI) - localized, predominantly in periocular and periclavicular regions. Molecular mechanisms of NOI progression in children and adolescents are discussed. There are also data [WU1] on the efficacy and risks of side effects when treating NOI lesions with ruby (wavelength 694 nm), alexandrite ( wavelength 755 nm) and neodymium ( wavelength 1064 nm) laser light. Effectiveness and features of side effects of different wavelengths of laser light are compared. In the article, one can find criteria for selecting an optimal option for NOI laser treatment: maximal efficiency assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS), number of laser sessions and severity of early and late side effects. For the first time, the authors present data on calculations of quantitative characteristics of optic skin biophotonic pattern if a melanocyte is localized in the papillary and reticular dermis in periocular zone. Conclusion. The obtained calculations on optic characteristics of skin biophotonics suggest [WU2] that two-wave laser irradiation with wavelengths 511 nm and 578 nm will be highly effective with a minimum risk of side effects when removing atypical melanocytes in case of congenital melanocytosis in the papillary and reticular dermis in periocular zone. Algorithms for different pathomorphological variants of melanocyte locatied in the dermis in NOI focus have been proposed to obtain an optimal modality for laser treatment using two-wavelength laser light with 511 nm and 578 nm which is generated by Russian-made copper vapor laser system "Yakhroma-Med" manufactured by Lebedev Physical Institute subordinate to the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS).

Interactive Effect of Light and CdO Nanoparticles on Dodonaea viscosa Morphological, Antioxidant, and Phytochemical Properties.

Cadmium nanoparticles (NPs) used in semiconducting devices are photosensitive and optically active. The objective of this study was to investigate the interactive effect of different spectral lights and CdO NPs on morphological, antioxidant, and phytochemical characteristics of Dodonaea viscosa. The plants were grown on media in the presence of green and chemically synthesized CdO NPs and under red, yellow, green, blue, and white light intensities. Results illustrated that plant morphological parameters changed in the presence of different spectral lights and NPs behaved differentially under different spectral lights. Fresh and dry weights of plants decreased in the presence of NPs in the media; however, the concentration and route of synthesis of NPs have a significant effect on these parameters. The same was observed in the case of shoot and root lengths; however, green synthesized NPs were found to be less toxic under different spectral lights. The total antixodant response increased under yellow, blue, and white lights, while the total reducing potential of plant extracts significantly varied depending upon the NP concentration and light spectrum. Different spectral lights significantly influenced the syntheses of phenolics and flavonoids under CdO NP stress and light regimes. It is concluded that toxicity of NPs also depends upon the wavelength of striking light that varies the morphological, biochemical, and antioxidative response of the plants. Furthermore, the white light might have synergistic effects of different wavelengths.

Effects of different wavelengths of blue light on human retinal pigment epithelial cells

Effects of different wavelengths of blue light on human retinal pigment epithelial cells