Effects Of Caffeine Research Articles

Effect of caffeine on the aggregation of amyloid-β-A 3D RISM study.

Alzheimer's disease is a detrimental neurological disorder caused by the formation of amyloid fibrils due to the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide. The primary therapeutic approaches for treating Alzheimer's disease are targeted to prevent this amyloid fibril formation using potential inhibitor molecules. The discovery of such inhibitor molecules poses a formidable challenge to the design of anti-amyloid drugs. This study investigates the effect of caffeine on dimer formation of the full-length amyloid-β using a combined approach of all-atom, explicit water molecular dynamics simulations and the three-dimensional reference interaction site model theory. The change in the hydration free energy of amyloid-β dimer, with and without the inhibitor molecules, is calculated with respect to the monomeric amyloid-β, where the hydration free energy is decomposed into energetic and entropic components, respectively. Dimerization is accompanied by a positive change in the partial molar volume. Dimer formation is spontaneous, which implies a decrease in the hydration free energy. However, a reverse trend is observed for the dimer with inhibitor molecules. It is observed that the negatively charged residues primarily contribute for the formation of the amyloid-β dimer. A residue-wise decomposition reveals that hydration/dehydration of the side-chain atoms of the charged amino acid residues primarily contribute to dimerization.

Effect of Caffeine in the Diffusion Behaviour of Analgesic Drugs in Aqueous Solutions

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of caffeine on the diffusion of two pain-relieving drugs, namely paracetamol and sodium salicylate, in aqueous solutions at a temperature of 25.00ºC, using the Taylor dispersion method to determine the mutual diffusion coefficients for these ternary aqueous solutions. Ternary mutual diffusion coefficients are reported for aqueous solutions of paracetamol + caffeine, and sodium salicylate + caffeine, at 25.00ºC, and concentrations up to 0.050mol·dm-3. The data indicate that the presence of caffeine affects the diffusion of analgesic drugs. For example, a coupled diffusion of these drugs with caffeine was observed through the non-zero values of the cross-diffusion coefficients. Support for this came from the good agreement between our data and the predicted by a model of the diffusion that includes 1:1 complex, being obtained the association constants for systems [(caffeine and paracetamol) and (caffeine and salicylate sodium)], K=70mol-1·dm3 and K=80, respectively. These data provide us with a better understanding of the mechanisms of mass transport through diffusion in biological systems, as well as the structure of these systems.

Temporal effects of caffeine on intrapulmonary shunt in preterm ventilated infants.

We hypothesized that caffeine would be associated with a transient reduction in the right-to-left shunt and VA/Q. We aimed to explore the temporal effects of caffeine on right-to-left shunt, ventilation perfusion ratio (VA/Q) and shift of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve (ODC) in premature ventilated infants. Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary neonatal unit of infants born at less than 31weeks of gestation that were mechanically ventilated on day three of life. The non-invasive method of the ODC was used to determine the right-to-left shunt, VA/Q and shift before and at 1, 4 and 20 h after a maintenance dose of caffeine citrate. A total of 21 infants were included with a median (range) gestational age of 27 (23.7-30.7) weeks. The median shunt percentage was significantly reduced, compared to baseline at 1 h (8 (range: 7-9) % vs. 4 (range: 0-6) %, p=0.042) and 4 h post caffeine administration (8 (range: 7-9) % vs. 0 (range: 0-3) %, p=0.042), but the VA/Q and the right shift of the ODC did not differ significantly between these time points. At 20 h, there were no significant differences between these indices compared to baseline values. Caffeine led to a transient decrease in intrapulmonary shunt from one to 4 h after administration and this may be due to its diuretic action.

The neuroprotective effect of exogen melatonin upon fetal hippocampus damage caused by high-dose caffeine administration in pregnant rats.

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether exogenous melatonin (MEL) mitigates the deleterious effects of high-dose caffeine (CAF) administration in pregnant rats upon the fetal hippocampus. A total of 32 adult Wistar albino female rats were divided into four groups after conception (n = 8). At 9-20 days of pregnancy, intraperitoneal (i.p.) MEL was administered at a dose of 10mg/kg/day in the MEL group, while i.p. CAF was administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg/day in the CAF group. In the CAF plus MEL group, i.p. CAF and MEL were administered at a dose of 60 and 10mg/kg/day, respectively, at the same period. Following extraction of the brains of the fetuses sacrificed on the 21st day of pregnancy, their hippocampal regions were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin and Cresyl Echt Violet, anti-GFAP, and antisynaptophysin staining methods. While there was a decrease in fetal and brain weights in the CAF group, it was found that the CAF plus MEL group had a closer weight average to that of the control group. Histologically, it was observed that the pyramidal cell layer consisted of 8-10 layers of cells due to the delay in migration in hippocampal neurons in the CAF group, while the MEL group showed similar characteristics with the control group. It was found that these findings decreased in the CAF plus MEL group. It is concluded that high-dose CAF administration causes a delay in neurogenesis of the fetal hippocampus, and exogenous MEL is able to mitigate its deleterious effects.

Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?

Caffeine is a popular ergogenic aid that has a plethora of evidence highlighting its positive effects. A Google Scholar search using the keywords "caffeine" and "exercise" yields over 200,000 results, emphasizing the extensive research on this topic. However, despite the vast amount of available data, it is intriguing that uncertainties persist regarding the effectiveness and safety of caffeine. These include but are not limited to: 1. Does caffeine dehydrate you at rest? 2. Does caffeine dehydrate you during exercise? 3. Does caffeine promote the loss of body fat? 4. Does habitual caffeine consumption influence the performance response to acute caffeine supplementation? 5. Does caffeine affect upper vs. lower body performance/strength differently? 6. Is there a relationship between caffeine and depression? 7. Can too much caffeine kill you? 8. Are there sex differences regarding caffeine's effects? 9. Does caffeine work for everyone? 10. Does caffeine cause heart problems? 11. Does caffeine promote the loss of bone mineral? 12. Should pregnant women avoid caffeine? 13. Is caffeine addictive? 14. Does waiting 1.5-2.0 hours after waking to consume caffeine help you avoid the afternoon "crash?" To answer these questions, we performed an evidence-based scientific evaluation of the literature regarding caffeine supplementation.

Monitoring of Caffeine Consumption Effect on Skin Blood Properties by Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy.

Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance worldwide, affecting numerous tissues and organs, with notable impacts on the central nervous system, heart, and blood vessels. The effect of caffeine on vascular smooth muscle cells is an initial transient contraction followed by significant vasodilatation. In this study we investigate the use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) for monitoring of vascular changes in human skin induced by caffeine consumption. DRS spectra were recorded on volar sides of the forearms of eight healthy volunteers at time intervals of 0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after consumption of caffeine, while one subject served as a negative control. Analytical diffusion approximation solutions for diffuse reflectance from three-layer structures were used to assess skin composition (e.g. dermal blood volume fraction and oxygen saturation) by fitting these solutions to experimental data. The results demonstrate that cutaneous vasodynamics induced by caffeine consumption can be monitored by DRS, while changes in the control subject not consuming caffeine were insignificant.

Caffeine intervention after abstinence does not alter cognitive parameters in premenstrual syndrome women regardless of CYP1A2 genotype

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of caffeine on cognitive parameters in premenstrual syndrome women of childbearing age undergoing caffeine withdrawal, observing the influence of cytochrome P450 enzyme isozyme 1A2 genotypes. This is a crossover study with 26 women (all participants) grouped according to genotype (17 AA and 9 AC/CC). The cognitive assessment was carried out before and after caffeine or placebo. A significant increase in attention was showed both after placebo and caffeine administration, however, no statistical difference was observed between caffeine and placebo groups. This occurred both for all participants and in the genotype groups. Working memory was improved for all participants, and in the AC/CC group after placebo ingestion; the same did not occur after caffeine intake. In the AA group, no significant changes were observed for placebo or caffeine. Caffeine does not promote effects on cognitive performance in premenstrual syndrome women after caffeine abstinence.

Coffea plant (Caffeine): Examining its Impact on Physical and Mental Health

This research delves into the extensive use of caffeine across various consumables like foods, drinks, medications, and supplements. Caffeine's influence on the central nervous system renders it a popular substance globally. The study aims to elucidate how caffeine impacts health and overall well-being. It examines both the physical and mental repercussions of caffeine consumption, highlighting its advantages, risks, and individual differences in sensitivity. Moreover, the research investigates how caffeine affects diverse aspects such as sleep, mood, cognition, and physical performance, both positively and negatively. Notably, it also scrutinizes the association between caffeine intake and health conditions like heart disease, bone health, and mental well-being. The research promotes responsible caffeine consumption by advocating for moderation and understanding one's tolerance levels. It underscores the significance of comprehending caffeine's effects to enable informed decisions among consumers, healthcare providers, and policymakers. Emphasizing the prevalence of caffeine consumption, the study underscores the necessity of recognizing its impact on various bodily systems, including the cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and neurological systems. While coffee, a common source of caffeine, offers health benefits, it's crucial to acknowledge caffeine as a chemical compound capable of influencing our nervous and other bodily systems. Excessive consumption of caffeine can pose detrimental effects on health. In essence, this research aims to raise awareness regarding the advantages and disadvantages associated with caffeine consumption. As the most widely consumed psychoactive substance globally, understanding caffeine's effects is imperative for maintaining overall well-being. Many individuals kickstart their day with coffee, unaware of both the positive and negative effects of caffeine.

Effect of Caffeine on the Inflammatory-Dependent Changes in the GnRH/LH Secretion in a Female Sheep Model.

Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive drugs in the world. It easily crosses the blood-brain barrier, and caffeine-interacting adenosine and ryanodine receptors are distributed in various areas of the brain, including the hypothalamus and pituitary. Caffeine intake may have an impact on reproductive and immune function. Therefore, in the present study performed on the ewe model, we decided to investigate the effect of peripheral administration of caffeine (30 mg/kg) on the secretory activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary unit which regulates the reproductive function in females during both a physiological state and an immune/inflammatory challenge induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 400 ng/kg) injection. It was found that caffeine stimulated (p < 0.01) the biosynthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus of ewe under both physiological and inflammatory conditions. Caffeine also increased (p < 0.05) luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in ewes in a physiological state; however, a single administration of caffeine failed to completely release the LH secretion from the inhibitory influence of inflammation. This could result from the decreased expression of GnRHR in the pituitary and it may also be associated with the changes in the concentration of neurotransmitters in the median eminence (ME) where GnRH neuron terminals are located. Caffeine and LPS increased (p < 0.05) dopamine in the ME which may explain the inhibition of GnRH release. Caffeine treatment also increased (p < 0.01) cortisol release, and this stimulatory effect was particularly evident in sheep under immunological stress. Our studies suggest that caffeine affects the secretory activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary unit, although its effect appears to be partially dependent on the animal's immune status.

Computational and experimental investigation of the structure, morphology, optical and electrical properties of TiO2 and caffeine adsorbed TiO2 in methyl ammonium lead iodide

Effects of caffeine and titanium dioxide (TiO2) in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3/CH3NH3PbI3) as a photon absorber are studied. XRD showed high crystallinity of TiO2:Caffeine:MAPbI3 with larger crystallite size of ∼3.9 nm compared to TiO2:MAPbI3 with ∼3.6 nm. Large grain size of ∼550 µm was obtained for TiO2:Caffeine:MAPbI3 compared to ∼256 µm of TiO2:MAPbI3. Rod-like structures were observed though TiO2:Caffeine:MAPbI3 morphology and was smoother compared to TiO2:MAPbI3. Reduced bandgap energy of ∼2.3 eV was observed from TiO2:Caffeine:MAPbI3 and PL quenching indicated the possibility of reduction of the electron-hole recombination. TiO2:Caffeine:MAPbI3 showed better electrical conductivity compared to TiO2:MAPbI3. Density functional theory calculations showed increased charge transfer/redistribution which accounts for the slight enhanced electrical conductivity for TiO2:Caffeine:MAPbI3. The density of state calculations suggests the formation of unoccupied states and O 2p, Ti 3p, N 2p and C 2p as major contributors to the electronic and electrical properties of TiO2:Caffeine.

Genetic investigation into the broad health implications of caffeine: evidence from phenome-wide, proteome-wide and metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization

BackgroundCaffeine is one of the most utilized drugs in the world, yet its clinical effects are not fully understood. Circulating caffeine levels are influenced by the interplay between consumption behaviour and metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of circulating caffeine levels by considering genetically predicted variation in caffeine metabolism.MethodsLeveraging genetic variants related to caffeine metabolism that affect its circulating levels, we investigated the clinical effects of plasma caffeine in a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS). We validated novel findings using a two-sample Mendelian randomization framework and explored the potential mechanisms underlying these effects in proteome-wide and metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization.ResultsHigher levels of genetically predicted circulating caffeine among caffeine consumers were associated with a lower risk of obesity (odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation increase in caffeine = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) CI: 0.95—0.98, p = 2.47 × 10−4), osteoarthrosis (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96—0.98, P=1.10 × 10−8) and osteoarthritis (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96 to 0.98, P = 1.09 × 10−6). Approximately one third of the protective effect of plasma caffeine on osteoarthritis risk was estimated to be mediated through lower bodyweight. Proteomic and metabolomic perturbations indicated lower chronic inflammation, improved lipid profiles, and altered protein and glycogen metabolism as potential biological mechanisms underlying these effects.ConclusionsWe report novel evidence suggesting that long-term increases in circulating caffeine may reduce bodyweight and the risk of osteoarthrosis and osteoarthritis. We confirm prior genetic evidence of a protective effect of plasma caffeine on risk of overweight and obesity. Further clinical study is warranted to understand the translational relevance of these findings before clinical practice or lifestyle interventions related to caffeine consumption are introduced.

Cardiopulmonary and recovery effect of intravenous caffeine in anesthetized Beagle dogs

Cardiopulmonary and recovery effect of intravenous caffeine in anesthetized Beagle dogs

"Effect of Caffeine, Gender, and Time of Day on Working Memory in Medical Students"

"Effect of Caffeine, Gender, and Time of Day on Working Memory in Medical Students"

Caffeine consumption and its effect among medical students in Anbar, Iraq

Background: Caffeine consumption is considered a global issue, and the prevalence of caffeine consumption has dramatically increased among young adults. Objectives: To assess the frequency of caffeine consumption, its sources, attitudes, and adverse effects among medical students in Fallujah and Anbar Universities in the west of Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a convenience sample was used to choose medical students from Anbar and Fallujah universities in the Anbar district in June 2022. The questionnaire consisted of questions about social characteristics such as age, gender, academic study level, and caffeine consumption-related questions. Results: Out of the total (415), female students comprised 63.1% of the participants. The findings revealed that 34% of the participants consumed a caffeinated beverage once a day, 40% drank two to three times a day, 15.4% consumed caffeine once a week, and 57.6% had at least one cup each time. There was no statistically significant association between the adverse effects of caffeine and gender and the frequency of caffeine intake. Conclusion: The findings of the current study reveal that caffeine consumption is common among medical students in the Anbar district.

Selective inhibition of DNA ligase IV provides additional efficacy to the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Although the incidence of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is low (2.5% of thyroid cancer cases), this cancer has a very poor prognosis (survival rates < 5 months) and accounts for 14-39% of deaths. Conventional therapies based on surgery in combination with radiotherapy or chemotherapy showed limited effectiveness primarily due to the robust and protective DNA damage response in thyroid cancer cells. We used single-cell transcriptomic data from patients with different subtypes of thyroid cancer to study expression of genes involved in homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathways. Then, we investigated the mechanisms of DNA damage and repair in anaplastic (C643 and Hth74) and papillary (TPC-1) thyroid cancer cell lines. The effect of caffeine (inhibitor of ATM and ATR) and UCN-01 (CHK1 inhibitor) was evaluated in cell cycle progression of thyroid cancer cells after γ-radiation or doxorubicin treatment. The DNA damage response was monitored after staining of phosphorylated γ-H2AX and 53BP1. Reporter plasmids were used to determine the efficacy of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) repair by HR and NHEJ in thyroid cancer cells. We evaluated the combination of selective inhibition of the DNA ligase IV by SCR7 and doxorubicin on cellular apoptosis and tumor growth in xenograft murine models of anaplastic thyroid cancer. Single-cell RNA-Seq showed that NHEJ- and HR-related genes are expressed in ATC and PTC patients. We showed that ATC cells undergo mitosis in the presence of unrepaired DNA damage caused by γ-radiation and doxorubicin treatment. To proliferate and survive, these cells efficiently repair DNA lesions using homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). The combination of SCR7 with doxorubicin, significantly increased apoptosis and impaired ATC tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model compared to doxorubicin monotherapy. This study shows the therapeutic value of the combination of a DNA ligase IV inhibitor and DNA-damaging agents (doxorubicin and/or γ-radiation) for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Parkin is a critical player in the effects of caffeine over mitochondrial quality control pathways during skeletal muscle regeneration in mice.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine on pathways associated with mitochondrial quality control and mitochondrial capacity during skeletal muscle regeneration, focusing on the role of Parkin, a key protein involved in mitophagy. We used invitro C2C12 myoblast during differentiation with and without caffeine in the medium, and we evaluated several markers of mitochondrial quality control pathways and myotube growth. Invivo experiments, we used C57BL/6J (WT) and Parkintm 1Shn lineage (Parkin-/- ) mice and injured tibial anterior muscle. The mice regenerated TA muscle for 3, 10, and 21 days with or without caffeine ingestion. TA muscle was used to analyze the protein content of several markers of mitochondrial quality pathways, muscle satellite cell differentiation, and protein synthesis. Furthermore, it analyzed mtDNA, mitochondrial respiration, and myofiber growth. C2C12 differentiation experiments showed that caffeine decreased Parkin content, potentially leading to increased DRP1 and PGC-1α content and altered mitochondrial population, thereby enhancing growth capacity. Using Parkin-/- mice, we found that caffeine intake during the regenerative process induces an increase in AMPKα phosphorylation and PGC-1α and TFAM content, changes that were partly Parkin-dependent. In addition, the absence of Parkin potentiates the ergogenic effect of caffeine by increasing mitochondrial capacity and myotube growth. Those effects are related to increased ATF4 content and activation of protein synthesis pathways, such as increased 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. These findings demonstrate that caffeine ingestion changes mitochondrial quality control during skeletal muscle regeneration, and Parkin is a central player in those mechanisms.

Enhanced oxygen reduction reaction on caffeine-modified platinum single-crystal electrodes

Enhancing the activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for fuel cell development, and hydrophobic species are known to increase the ORR activity. This paper reports that caffeine enhanced the specific ORR activity of Pt(111) 11-fold compared to that without caffeine in a 0.1 M HClO4 aqueous solution. Moreover, caffeine increased the ORR activity of Pt(110) 2.5-fold; however, the activity of Pt(100) was unaffected. The infrared (IR) band of PtOH (blocking species of the ORR) decreased for all the surfaces. Caffeine was adsorbed with its molecular plane perpendicular to the Pt(111) and Pt(110) surfaces and tilted relative to the Pt(100) surface. Thus, the effects of caffeine on the ORR activity can be rationalized by a decrease in PtOH coverage and the difference in adsorption geometry of caffeine.

Metabolic Insights into Caffeine's Anti-Adipogenic Effects: An Exploration through Intestinal Microbiota Modulation in Obesity.

Obesity, a chronic condition marked by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, not only affects individual well-being but also significantly inflates healthcare costs. The physiological excess of fat manifests as triglyceride (TG) deposition within adipose tissue, with white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion via adipocyte hyperplasia being a key adipogenesis mechanism. As efforts intensify to address this global health crisis, understanding the complex interplay of contributing factors becomes critical for effective public health interventions and improved patient outcomes. In this context, gut microbiota-derived metabolites play an important role in orchestrating obesity modulation. Microbial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), secondary bile acids (BA), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and trimethylamine (TMA) are the main intestinal metabolites in dyslipidemic states. Emerging evidence highlights the microbiota's substantial role in influencing host metabolism and subsequent health outcomes, presenting new avenues for therapeutic strategies, including polyphenol-based manipulations of these microbial populations. Among various agents, caffeine emerges as a potent modulator of metabolic pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and obesity-mitigating properties. Notably, caffeine's anti-adipogenic potential, attributed to the downregulation of key adipogenesis regulators, has been established. Recent findings further indicate that caffeine's influence on obesity may be mediated through alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolic byproducts. Therefore, the present review summarizes the anti-adipogenic effect of caffeine in modulating obesity through the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites.

Attenuating potential of some antioxidants: Cellgevity, max one, purslane and vitamin C on caffeine induced hormonal and testicular toxicities in male albino rats

Background: Infertility challenges in men, resulting from disturbances in hormonal balance and testicular integrity, stands as a significant health challenge associated with various factors. Consequently, diverse strategies are necessary to tackle this issue. This research explored the attenuating potentials of some antioxidants—Cellgevity (CG), Max One (MX), purslane, and vitamin C (VC)—on caffeine-induced hormonal and testicular toxicities in male albino rats. Methodology: Sixty sexually matured male albino rats were randomly divided into ten groups consisting of two rats in three replicates using completely randomized design (CRD). Group one served as control and received water and feed only. Group two were given 200 mg/kgBw of CG, group three received 200 mg/kgBW of MX, group four received 100 mg/kgBW of VC, group five received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine, group six received 200mg/kgBW of purslane, group seven received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine and 200 mg/kgBW of CG, group eight received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine and 200 mg/kgBW of MX, group nine received 200mg/kgBW of caffeine and 200 mg/kgBW of purslane, group ten received 200 mg/kgBW of caffeine and 100 mg/kgBW of VC. Administration was done orally and lasted for 65days. The rats were sacrificed after administration using chloroform anaesthesia. The testes were processed for histology while blood sample were obtained for hormonal assay. Results: The results showed that caffeine significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduced the serum levels of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol when compared to the control and other treatments groups. There was testicular toxicity with loosely packed enlarged seminiferous tubules in caffeine treated animals when compared with the control and antioxidants treated animals. However, CG, MX, purslane and VC attenuated the effect of caffeine in all the parameters evaluated by increasing the levels of the hormones and restoring testicular integrity of the animals in the combination groups. Conclusion: This present study has revealed the toxic effect of caffeine reproductive hormones and testicular integrity of male albino rats. However, the findings of this study provided substantial evidence on the attenuating effects of CG MX, purslane and VC on caffeine-induced hormonal and testicular toxicity in male rats as mammalian models.

THE DOSE-DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE AND BETAINE ON TELOMERASE ENZYME ACTIVITY IN MICE

The telomerase enzyme, which extends the Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) regions called telomeres at the ends of the chromosomes, has an important place in aging, cancer and stem cell studies. In this study, the effects of betaine and caffeine on telomerase enzyme activity in mice were investigated. Telomerase activity was measured by a Polymerase Chain Reaction-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (PCR-ELISA) based method. The activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase enzymes in the liver and kidney and the amount of Malondialdehyde (MDA) were also investigated. The results show that betaine has a slightly inhibitory effect (not significant) on telomerase activity, especially at high doses. Caffeine may act as an inhibitor in high doses but may have an activator effect at low doses. Also, it was observed that SOD and Catalase enzyme activities were parallel to the increase/decrease in telomerase enzyme activity in the liver.