Education Textbooks Research Articles

Evolution in the Spanish Primary Education Autonomic Curricula and Textbooks. A Geographic Analysis

Evolution by natural selection is a theory that constitutes a powerful paradigm capable of conveying the teaching-learning of multiple concepts in biology. However, it has been controversial from its formulation to the present, which also affects education. For instance, while some of the basic curricula of primary education in Europe are arranged around the concepts that are considered necessary for structuring the scientific model of evolution (i.e., Sweden), other curricula do not contemplate such concepts. The last is the case of the basic curriculum of primary education in Spain. However, in Spain, on the basis of such a curriculum, there are 17 different primary education curricula corresponding to each of the autonomous communities of the state. The objective of this work is to state a detailed geographical picture of the presence of the concepts necessary to articulate the model of evolution through the analysis of the autonomic curricula of Spain. With such an aim, words that represent such concepts (evolution, inheritance, selection, adaptation and biodiversity, etc.) have been searched for in the natural sciences and social sciences areas of the autonomous curricula of primary education. Furthermore, a search for such evolution-related concepts has also been performed in the activities of eighteen Spanish primary education textbooks on natural and social science subjects. For this purpose, two aspects were considered: characterisation and scientific skills. Both the autonomous curricula of primary education and the textbooks hold important gaps when addressing evolution. The texts include activities that prioritise basic cognitive skills over the more demanding ones associated with scientific competence.

2015 개정 중학교 체육교과서 삽화 분석: 양성평등 및 통합 교육의 관점으로

본 연구의 목적은 2015 개정 중학교 체육교과서 삽화를 양성평등과 장애학생 통합 교육의 관점에서 분석함으로써, 향후 체육교과서 개정 시 양성평등교육과 통합교육 실현을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 데 있다. 중학교 체육교과서 12권을 대상으로 전체 남녀 성별 비율 및 영역별 성별 비율을 분석하였다. 또한 장애인 성별 비율 및 장애 유형 조사와 함께 통합교육 관점에서 출현 방법 및 왜곡된 표현을 분석하였다. 수집된 분석자료는 SPSS 27.0을 통해 독립표본 t-test를 실시하여 성별 비율의 유의미한 차이를 알아보았으며, 한국장애인 인권포럼(2013)에 따라 왜곡된 장애용어 및 표현을 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 교과서 삽화의 성별 비율의 유의미한 차이가 없다. 둘째, 건강 영역을 제외한 도전·경쟁·표현·안전 영역에서 성별 비율의 유의미한 차이가 나타났으며, 도전·경쟁·안전 영역은 남자의 비율이, 표현 영역은 여자의 비율이 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 전체 교과서에 장애인 삽화의 성별 비율의 유의미한 차이가 없으나 전체 출현 빈도가 현저히 낮다. 넷째, 장애인 삽화의 장애유형 중 지체장애의 빈도가 가장 높았으며, 출현 방법은 통합과 비통합 모두 나타났으나 비통합의 비율이 현저히 높았다. 다섯째, 장애인에 대한 왜곡된 언어 표현은 주로 ‘장애인을 초인 또는 감동의 원천으로 과장하는 표현’, ‘ 장애 극복과 재활을 강조하는 표현’ 등이 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과에 따른 제언으로 교과서 지침 개발, 교과서 집필진 구성 등의 측면에서 양성평등 및 통합교육 관점에 부합하는 교과서 편찬을 위한 시사점을 제안하였다.

S.S. SADYKOV – A HISTORIAN, CHRONOGRAPHER, SCIENTIST, RADIOLOGIST, AND EDUCATOR

Candidate of Medical Sciences, professor, radiologist of the highest category, and experienced teacher Sain Sadykovich Sadykov was born on February 6, 1943, in the village of Taskabak (Oymaut), Bayganinsky district of Aktobe region. In 1991 he defended his Ph.D. thesis.
 The introduction of his developments into healthcare practice has improved the quality of life of patients with lung, esophageal, uterine, and pharyngeal cancers.
 “Teaching is a very responsible and necessary profession from the point of view of educating young doctors,” says Sain Sadykovich. “A teacher should teach but also educate students with special care and diligence.”
 Sain Sadykov is the author of more than 230 academic affairs, including six monographs, 11 educational textbooks, three guidelines, and one copyright certificate. He wrote 90% of his textbooks in the native language. His contribution to developing the Kazakh language in medicine, especially in radiation therapy, is huge. S.S. Sadykov was awarded several medals and certificates of honor for many years of con-scientious work.
 
 Sain S. Sadykov celebrates his eightieth anniversary surrounded by his wife, son, daughter, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. We wish our dear veteran a long life filled with satisfaction from a happily lived path next to respected friends and a caring, loving family.

Values of National Belongingness in the Music Education Textbooks for the Higher Basic Education Stage in Jordan: An Analytical Study

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the most important values of national belonging that should be included in music education textbooks for the upper basic education stage in Jordan, and to assess the extent to which these values are currently incorporated in the textbooks.
 Methods: The study employed a descriptive analytical approach using content analysis, which encompassed twenty national belonging values as data collection criteria. The study sample consisted of music education textbooks for grades 7 to 10.
 Results: The study revealed a low level of inclusion of national belonging values in the sampled textbooks. The values of pride and belonging to the homeland, as well as the value of pride in Islam and Arabism, ranked first. Eleven values were not included in the study sample. The degrees of inclusion of national belonging values in the study sample were as follows: 35%, 23.3%, 36.6%, and 35%, ranked from the 7th to the 10th grade.
 Conclusion: The study recommends that those involved in the development of the music education curriculum should pay greater attention to the inclusion of national belonging values during the curriculum development process.

The model of formation of cognitive independence of students when using electronic textbooks in teaching

Main problem: the article is devoted to the description of the model of formation of cognitive independence of students, based on the use of electronic textbooks in teaching. The most important pedagogical, methodological aspects that the proposed model should reflect are described in detail. The problem under study depends entirely on the construction and implementation of a model of the pedagogical process based on the use of electronic textbooks, as well as on the construction and implementation of a model for the formation of cognitive independence of students. Based on the considered models, the strategy of the teacher's activity in teaching students through the use of electronic textbooks is determined, which most favorably and effectively affects the formation of cognitive independence in students. Purpose: to describe the technologies of constructing a model for the formation of cognitive independence of students through the use of electronic textbooks and its practical application in the educational process on the basis of the proposed strategy of the teacher's activity. Methods: the methods of analysis, synthesis and deduction were used in the article. The analysis of John Dewey's didactic concept and the requirements and principles of constructing a model of the pedagogical process formed on its basis was carried out on the basis of a descriptive and analytical method. Results and their significance: the practical result of the models proposed by the author is a set of organizational and pedagogical conditions, the observance of which contributes to the more intensive development of students' cognitive independence in the learning process through the use of electronic textbooks. The model proposed by the author will contribute to a more effective formation of students' cognitive independence in the process of acquiring knowledge through the use of electronic textbooks.

Physical activity according to gender in Brazilian Physical Education textbooks

One of the purposes of Physical Education is promoting physical activity through equal opportunities for boys and girls, accepting diversity. Aware of the power of the image for the reproduction of gender stereotypes, this research aimed to analyse its existence in Brazilian textbooks. The study was empirical, descriptive and comparative among analysed books that used content analysis and inferential statistics. The sample comprised 1327 images. These images concerned 10 Physical Education textbooks published by four Brazilian publishers who edited them as teacher’s guides for primary education between 2017 and 2018. A content analysis was carried out through the adaptation of the SAIMEF tool. The classification and categorization of the images were performed by five expert judges, using, as a criterion, the coefficient of agreement between them. The results indicated greater importance of images linked to the male gender, with a predominance of sports and fights as main activities, while the female gender is characterized by individual practices, such as gymnastics. The study concluded that Physical Education guides in Brazil convey a sports educational model, which can influence the choice of body practices and consolidate students’ imagination based on hegemonic standards present in society. Therefore, teachers need to make a critical analysis of these images to avoid promoting this hegemonic male sports model among primary and secondary school students in their physical education classes. Keywords: textbook; gender, physical education, content analyses, Brazil.

Analysis Of Historical Content In Textbooks Hindu Religious Education And Characteristics Class VIII Junior High School Curriculum 2013

The purpose of writing this article is to describe and interpret historical content, especially in the Hindu Religion and Moral Education textbook Class VIII SMP Curriculum 2013. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a critical-comparative analysis model. The type of research used is library research. The approach model used is a heuristic approach related to history. Data collection was carried out based on an analysis of literature studies or document studies by utilizing various sources to then be analyzed and interpreted as research results. In the heuristic approach, researchers used three stages, namely collecting data sources, content analysis and interpretation. The results in this study indicate that narrative descriptions about history that are so short are like a resume in the 2013 Curriculum 2013 Hindu Religion and Moral Education textbook. After being compared with other sources, the researcher also found an incompatibility in the sources of information in the textbooks. So that the interpretation does not give rise to ambiguous meanings, the researcher also conducts content analysis by connecting data and facts and providing an interpretation of the main issues that are the object of study. In carrying out the interpretation, researchers are still guided by secondary sources and tertiary sources. Secondary sources used in this study include books, scientific research journals and other references from the population.

The Level of Including Faith, Ethical and Social Values in Islamic Education Textbooks for the Preparatory Stage (Vocational) in the Republic of Iraq

This study aimed to identify the degree of embedding the values of faith, morality and social in Islamic education books for the preparatory stage (vocational) in the Republic of Iraq, the study used the descriptive analytical method, using a questionnaire prepared by the researcher specifically for the purposes of the study, The sample of the study consisted of (40) teachers of Islamic education courses who are teaching that stage in the Republic of Iraq. the study data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The study obtained several results: The mean scores of embedding the values of faith in Islamic education books for the preparatory stage (is very large) (3.812), and the degree of the inclusion of moral values in the textbooks of Islamic education for the preparatory stage (very large) with a mean scores (4.415), and the degree of inclusion of social values in the textbooks of Islamic education for the preparatory stage is very large with a mean scores (4.072), and the study proved the existence of Statistical significancs between the opinions of specialists about the degree of the inclusion of educational values in the books of Islamic education for the preparatory stage (vocational) in Iraq which are attributed to the variable of gender (male / female) and in favor of females with a mean scores (4.6200). The study recommended the need to develop accurate scientific standards to include educational values in the curricula of Islamic education for educational stages in general and the preparatory stage in particular, This study suggested to conduct studies on the role of educational values in improving the souls of students at the preparatory stage

“Happy Soviet Childhood”

The idealisation of the Soviet school in the memories of teachers began almost simultaneously with the re-establishment of Latvia’s independence in 1991. Memories of order and discipline in Soviet schools persistently induce nostalgia in contemporary Latvian educational space. The positive assessment of Soviet-era order generated interest in ‘discipline’ in the land of Soviet childhood. The museum, as an institution, is one of the custodians of the artefacts of Soviet childhood and has a ‘voice’ in interpreting the past and shaping collective memory. How does a museum’s exposition confirm or deny the popular, still living myth of a disciplined but also happy Soviet childhood? What aspects of discipline are overtly displayed in museums and what are hidden or ignored? How does discipline fit into or resonate with the myth of the “happy Soviet childhood” propagated in the Soviet Union? We address these questions to two main sources: a textbook for teachers published in 1968, which explains the official concept of Soviet childhood, and the exhibition stand on Soviet childhood opened by the National History Museum of Latvia in 2022. The article reveals that in contemporary Latvian public space, memories focus on traditional artefacts of childhood and visual affiliation with Soviet children’s political organizations, while reminders of the instruments of childhood discipline in the Soviet system are unconsciously suppressed as unattractive and contradictory.

СПЕЦИФІКА ВИВЧЕННЯ ЮРИДИЧНОЇ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ У МЕЖАХ БІНАРНОГО ФОРМАТУ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ЗАНЯТЬ

The article characterizes methodical approaches to the study of the topic "Ukrainian terminology in professional communication" in the preparing of future lawyers, which consists in conducting a binary class by specialists in Ukrainian language and in law. Definitions of the concepts "binary class", "interdisciplinary connections", "interdisciplinary integration", "competence", "professional preparing", "activation of cognitive activity" are given. The updating of the topic is due to the recognition of the position that, in the opinion of the authors, only the theoretical and practical course "Ukrainian language and speech culture" is insufficient. An attempt at a binary examination of legal terminology with teachers of legal disciplines leads to preliminary conclusions about the involvement of the law experts, representatives of the chosen specialty in the educational process with the aim of popularizing the chosen profession. The problems which prompt a law student to introduce terminology into his conceptual, terminological-scientific circulation are currently important. On the one hand, the more motivated the student of higher education is to expand his linguistic competences, the higher the level of language proficiency; on the other hand, they form the foundation for professional development and expand the horizons of the branch legal orientation of future lawyers. And accordingly, the speech and psychological "barriers" of the communication component of the binary class disappear, the desire to master the terminology, to improve one's knowledge, abilities and skills from the course and disciplines of the study of branch law, using methodological and didactic documentation, educational textbooks, manuals, dictionaries, glossaries, etc. has been noticed. Only in the creative cooperation of students and teachers of the Ukrainian language and special disciplines of law can high results be achieved during a binary class, even in the conditions of distance learning. The experience of teaching the Ukrainian language in a professional direction allows, on the basis of constant observations, mastering the latest developments in the field of education and efforts to improve the level of students' knowledge, to improve the method of teaching the discipline. The proposed study is a description of the experience of studying Ukrainian law terminology as an alternative to solving these problems – an attempt at a binary format of classes.

Development of Textbooks for Sports Physiology Course in the Department of Physical Education and Health, State University of Malang

The aim of this research is to created a product in the form of a sports physiology textbook for physical education and health students at the Faculty of Sports Science, State University of Malang. This research and development method includes: needs analysis, expert evaluation, small and large group product trials. Data analysis in this study used qualitative and descriptive quantitative percentage. The results of the evaluation by subject matter experts 79.6% good category, the results of small group trials 94.6% very good category, the results of large group trials 95.1% very good results. The conclusion obtained is that the sports physiology textbook product is suitable and can be used in courses in the department of physical education and health.

Fundamental knowledge taught in compulsory education for effective genetic counseling: a qualitative study of descriptions in textbooks.

In genetic counseling, information must be provided in ways that the client and general public can understand to ensure that decisions are made autonomously. To realize this, we must assess the extent of knowledge held by the general public regarding genetics. To identify the client's original knowledge before genetic counseling, we explored the fundamental knowledge related to genetic counseling that is taught in Japanese compulsory education. A qualitative study was conducted. We selected 50 textbooks for compulsory education (Japanese, social studies, science, health and physical education, technology and home economics, morality, and life) that had been used in more than half of the districts in Japan. The text data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, and quantitative data were analyzed for methodological triangulation. Codes, subcategories, and categories were generated from the contexts that met the following criteria: the contents included in the official textbook for clinical geneticists, contents derived from such descriptions that were related to genetic counseling, and contents clearly related to genetics. Among the 50 textbooks, 33 textbooks contained fundamental knowledge regarding genetic counseling. A qualitative content analysis identified four major categories: (1) basics of genetics, (2) understanding and control of diseases, (3) efforts and barriers to the realization of a harmonious society, and (4) technology and humans. We found that fundamental knowledge related to genetic counseling is directly or indirectly taught in compulsory education. Our results are an important resource for understanding the client's knowledge baseline and will be helpful for effective genetic counseling.

Content Analysis of ‘Preparing for Parenthood’ Chapters in the 2015 Revised Curriculum High-School Technology and Home Economics Textbooks: Implications for Pre-Parent Education Aimed at Adolescents

This study aimed to identify ways to implement pre-parent education for adolescents in regular classes at school. This was achieved by investigating whether the contents of the 2015 revised curriculum high-school technology and home economics textbooks reflected the goals of pre-parent education. The main texts and activities of chapters with ‘preparing for parenthood’ in the title from 12 high-school technology and home economics education textbooks were analyzed with respect to the three pre-parent education goals of developing perceptions and attitudes toward parenthood, learning parenting knowledge and skills, and reinforcing parental capacity. The results were as follows. First, textbook contents and activities reflected the three goals of pre-parent education in a balanced manner. Second, both the contents and activities of textbooks tried to motivate students to perceive parenthood and parenting through reflection on their relationship with their own parents. Third, because the textbooks encouraged students to consider parenthood and parenting, they acknowledged the importance of undertaking pre-parent education to reinforce their parental capacities. Using such textbooks in regular technology and home economics classes is expected to provide students with an opportunity to consider parenthood and shape their perceptions and attitudes accordingly, thereby allowing adolescents to prepare themselves for parenthood and become good parents.

A Need Analysis on Developing English Interactive Multimodal E-Book Oriented to 21st Century Skills

The need toward availability of online and electronic textbooks (e-books) in language teaching and learning in digital age and 21st century is very considerable. To design and develop an electronic book, teachers should consider all students’ needs. This study aimed to investigate and explore students’ English learning needs, wants, and difficulties of primary education on developing English interactive multimodal e-book integrated with the skills of 21st century including communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity. The case study research design was used to deeply investigate and describe the students’ needs on development of English e-book. To collect data on the students’ necessities, difficulties, and wants for a primary English course design and skills, the researchers used interview and questionnaire. . The researcher interviewed one teacher and three students. For questionnaire, there were three main aspects asked: students’ necessity, wants, and difficulties totally consisting of sixteen questions. Documentation of the teaching and learning activities photos was collected and the data were analysed using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results included (1) the students’ English skill was considered poor; they had little vocabulary mastery and low motivation toward learning English materials (2) the needs toward the 21st century skills to be included in e-book were very necessary to promote communication, critical thinking, and problem solving skills; (3) inserting various multimodal materials in each task of e-book was needed to increase students’ references, reading comprehension, and digital literacy, and (4) inclusion of various online activities like synchronous and asynchronous mode was highly demanded.

The early modern age in secondary education textbooks in Spain: An analysis of activities

The objective of this study is to analyse how the Early Modern Age is taught in secondary school textbooks in Spain. To do so, the study is focused on the analysis of the historical contents of this period, in relation to the topics proposed by historiographical trends. In addition, the textbook activities has been analised according to their type, cognitive level and the historical skills required of secondary students. The sample consists of a total of 770 activities. A mixed methodology has been used, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results obtained indicate that the textbooks have improved in the type of activities and in the cognitive level required, but continue to dominate the contents of concepts, facts and concrete data (related to political and cultural history). On the other hand, the textbooks present a discourse which does not debate or reflect in the development of many of the historiographical stereotypes of the nation, neither does it examine in depth the social problems of the Early Modern Age.

인공지능과 인간의 역동적 관계 형성을 위한 교육 패러다임 전환 탐색

Objectives This study aims to analyze the bias problem of modern science, such as technological determinism contained in artificial intelligence secondary education textbooks, through the theoretical concept of Science and Technology Studies (STS).
 Methods This study was largely conducted by (1) the survey of public perception of artificial intelligence education and (2) the analysis of contents of current high school artificial intelligence textbooks. A survey method was applied for public perception, and a qualitative analysis was applied for textbook analysis.
 Results Through the analysis of artificial intelligence textbooks, it was possible to examine (1) technological determinism, (2) gender bias and labor bias, and (3) ethically dangerous contents in artificial intelligence textbooks. These biases and risks divide the relationship between artificial intelligence and human actors in a dichotomous way and limit it to economic aspects, and in the end will prevent a dynamic relationship of both and lead to a rigid or hate.
 Conclusions Our society tends to limit science & technology textbooks to vocational education use only. Future generations will face unexpected situations while living in conditions where information/data/artificial intelligence are generalized. The main goal of AI curricula should be for civic education, not just only for job-seeking. Citizens in the era of artificial intelligence should be dynamic and participatory users (subjects), not simply passive labors or consumers. In line with this, additional diagnosis and improvement of current artificial intelligence textbooks and curricula are needed.

Lao Qida-ийн хятад эхийн хэлний онцлог

In this paper the objective is to show the peculiarities of the Chinese language of Lao Qida (or Nogeldai), the book was compiled during the period of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty. The book was used as a textbook for teaching of foreign languages in Korea during Koryo Dynasty (1392-1910). Later on the Mongolian, Manchurian and other versions of the book have appeared. The main distinctive feature of the language of the book is the use of the colloquial Chinese language. This article describes some phonological, lexical and grammatical peculiarities of the Chinese language of Lao Qida. Our team of philologists is conducting a comparative study the Chinese, Mongolian and Manchurian versions of Lao Qida and the results of the study will be published within the framework of the project.

Insight and Perspective From the Past

In exploring older physical education textbooks there is a renewed appreciation for past leaders and their foresight in critical areas of our profession. While a number of ideas have been floating around in the physical education world that are thought of as new or improved concepts: Terms such as social emotional learning, physical literacy, mastery, the whole child, and along with the notion of the importance of quality teaching and assessment, appear in numerous publications and/or popular websites. However, looking back at old textbooks these ideas are not new but recycled and reused good ideas from long ago. It reminds us that much of what we believe about quality physical education is often rooted in other eras - that the past is still the present.

Analisis Materi Ajar Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti SMP Kelas VIII Perspektif Hots

The 2013 curriculum is structured to improve 21st century skills requiring teachers to play an important role in training students to develop higher-order thinking skills. Therefore, the approach used is the High order Thinking Skills (HOTS). The purpose of this study is to analyze Islamic religious education teaching materials and manners for class VIII HOTS perspective. This research is a content analysis research with a qualitative approach. The data obtained from this study were sourced from the revised 2017 edition of the Islamic Religious Education and Moral Education Textbook for class VIII SMP/MTs. Meanwhile, the data taken by the researcher was an explanation of the material in it related to themes 1 to 3. The research techniques used namely the documentation technique. Analysis of the data used is the content analysis of the Philip Mayring model. The results showed that in substance chapters 1-3 there are still materials that are categorized as HOTS, for example Creating (37.5%), Analyzing (28%), and there are no activities that are included in the evaluation criteria, but there are some activities that are categorized as LOTS, For example Remembering (18.7%), Understanding (15.6%), and there are no activities that include the criteria for applying.

초등교사의 체육검정교과서 선정 경험에 대한 내러티브 탐구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to provide a clue and a clue to the direction of institutional and policy support for the selection and evaluation of physical education textbooks by analyzing and interpreting the empirical aspects commonly found in the experience of selecting physical education textbooks.
 Methods For this purpose, The data were collected by autobiographical writing and interview methods, and the narrative method was used to construct field texts, and the story was reorganized by repeatedly reading the data and composed as research texts.
 Results Participants experienced horizontal communication and coordination decision making, respect for field experience and tacit sympathy, growth and change through interaction, and formal rationality in the process of selecting physical education textbooks. The educational meaning of the process of selecting physical education textbooks was found to be a practical field of valuable educational experience that could achieve educational assets such as the process of communication and coordination of professional community culture, the process of reflection and contemplation, and the identification and expansion of perspective.
 Conclusions It was able to understand the aspect of elementary school teachers' experience in selecting physical education textbooks and the educational meaning, and it was able to provide basic data to search for institutional and administrative directions such as the implementation of training programs at the level of the municipal and provincial education offices for the development of professionalism in physical education textbooks and the briefing sessions on authorized textbooks.was able to understand the aspect and educational meaning of elementary school teachers' experience in selecting physical education textbooks and provide basic data for seeking institutional and administrative directions for the professional development of physical education textbooks.