Education Of Younger Generation Research Articles

SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS FOR WOMEN IN UNORGANISED SECTOR: A STUDY OF HOME BASED WOMAN WORKERS IN DELHI

Woman empowerment and sustainable development are primarily co-related in one direction, and sustainable development alone can play an indispensable and pivotal role in reducing inequality between man and woman which is enshrined in SDG Goal-5; in the other direction. Empowering women may benefit in reducing poverty SDG Goal-1, contribute to better education for younger generation, over all health, nutrition and nourishment for those who rely on them (SDGs 2, 3 and 4). Equivalently, elimination of all forms of crime against women and girls (Target no. 5.2) are not only a prerequisite element of SDGs 5 but also crucial to enhancing healthy living and over all well-being for individuals of all ages (SDGs 3). The idea 'sustainable livelihoods' has been presented to define the integration of poverty reduction strategies, sustainable development in every direction, participation of all actors and empowerment process into a structure for policy and project analysis and planning. This research delves into the experiences of women in the unorganized sector, shedding light on their unique challenges and opportunities. The unorganized sector, characterized by informal and non-standard work arrangements, plays a significant role in many economies, particularly in developing countries. Within this sector, women form a substantial workforce, often engaging in low-skilled and precarious jobs. The study reveals the working circumstances and experiences of women who are home based worker. It examines how they balance their responsibilities as caregivers, wage workers, and homemakers while underlining the difficult balancing act they must have. However, the study reveals the numerous challenges faced by women in this sector. It highlights on issues such as low wages, limited job security, lack of social security benefits, and vulnerability to exploitation.

Unreachable youth: physical education, national mobilization and intergenerational conflict in interwar Yugoslavia. The case of the Yugoslav Sokol

ABSTRACT For the Yugoslav Sokol, the leading organization dedicated to physical education in Interwar Yugoslavia, the youth was both an object and a tool of conquest. The education of younger generations was at the heart of its project of creating a new ‘Yugoslav man’ and a key asset in enforcing its legitimacy as an important agent in state-building. Yet, while the Sokol multiplied its initiatives to attract children and youth, these showed a contradictory interest in the organization. Moreover, besides the epic overtones of the official’s narrative, intergenerational relations were often contentious: while the older representatives expected the younger ones to commit to the Yugoslav national project, the latter were frequently more interested in popular entertainment, and, even at times, in radical forms of political engagement. By critically analysing a diverse corpus of sources – publication and archives related to the Sokol’s educational programmes together with different types of visual documents – as well as focusing on its local implementation in the Belgrade Sokol district, this article observes the discrepancies between the Sokol’s ambitions and its reception on the ground, trying thus to shed light on the young people’s experience and agency inside the organization.

Support of pre-professional development of high school students focused on teaching professions

All teaching professions are at high importance for children, their parents, and society at whole. Teachers, their skills and personality, play a big role in the development and education of young generations. Children usually make decisions to be a teacher at young ages, and support in this decision, pre-professional development helps them to be a good teacher in the future. There are different programs and method which help schoolchildren in this process. In this article few topics had been discussed: results of all-Russian monitoring of pre-professional education of high-school students, focused on teaching professions; main factors of vocational choice; forms and methods of pre-professional support. The main questions of our study were as follows: under what conditions within the framework of the system of General and High Education it is possible to help the high-school students determine the near and far prospects of his personal and professional development before entering Teaching University or College, what should be the content of this work? Few programs, existing in various regions of the Russian Federation are discussed. The conditions for the pedagogical support for the formation of professional readiness for further teaching were identified: the creation of a specially organized educational and socializing environment, such as pre-university programs, or school-based programs (local or Regional); different kinds of Olympiads and competitions; taking into consideration the characteristics of students.

Criteria of subjectivity of master’s students instructional technology and education degree program

The source of the prospects for the development of an independent state is the education of younger generation. The globalizing world requires particular attention and responsibility in nurture the young generation. That is why the secularism of the education system is a blessing and a necessity. This article discusses the achievements and new challenges in the field of education over the years of independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan.The article presents questions of the criteria and indicators for identifying and studying the subjectivity of future masters. The article analyzes the diversity and multifunctionality of the phenomenon of subjectivity in the context of an interdisciplinary approach. The strategic and practical directions for the development of the student's subjectivity in the educational process of the university are characterized on the basis of highlighting plans for the social and professional life of a future specialist in an education situation.
 
 Keywords: subject, subjectivity, subject-oriented approach, Master’s degree program, Master’s degree student, criteria, indicators;

Elements that Contribute to the Efficiency of Communication Between Teacher and Student

Abstract Communication skills are one of the most important educational elements today. Current education has already included communication competencies as independent objectives in the education of young generations. Communication is a multidisciplinary existential basis and that is why its understanding is not easy, and must be approached scientifically, conceptually and structurally. This paper aims to emphasize the importance of communication in the teaching-learning process and its direct correlation with school success but also with success in life. Teachers need communication more than anyone. Their verbal communication occupies 70% of a class lesson (Haslett, 1987). The appeal to the elements of emotional intelligence, to the motivation / interests of the students, becomes a necessity and at the same time they are constituted as factors that can improve and make efficient the didactic communication. In this paper we will analyze the main functions of teacher-student communication (guidance, information and thought challenge). There are described other elements that can also contribute to better communication in the classroom: active presentation of topics, providing summaries, resumption of main ideas, clarity of presentation (sentence logic, examples and explanations), assessment of comprehension deficiencies and their correction, frequently asked questions. All these aspects have proved, through the studies carried out, that they are positively correlated with the students’ results. The verbal communication of the educator is always accompanied by the elements of non-verbal communication that have an important role in achieving an effective instructive-educational process. In this regard, we can mention a few essential components: posture, gestures, facial expressions, style of dressing, tone of voice, all of which can incite or divert the listener’s attention. Another important element in effectiveness of the didactic communication is the knowledge of the cultural, economic and social environment from which the students come, their specific characteristics. The interaction will be more plausible, accessible to the student, when well known, culturally familiar aspects are inserted in the complex process of teacher-student communication. The integration of cultural diversity in didactic communication has become a stringent requirement of modern education.

Trends and Prospects of Education and Upbringing of Young Generation in Uzbekistan during the Years of Independence

The article covered scientific and pedagogical aspects of the state policy, its priorities, essence and essence of the education of young generation in Uzbekistan in the years of independence, as well as the use of modern pedagogical and information and communication technologies and the Internet, scientific and technical information.

NAXÇIVANLI YAZARLARIN YARADICILIĞINDA UŞAQ PYESLƏRİNİN İDEYA İSTİQAMƏTİ

This scientific article focuses on plays written only in regard to child literature by writers from Nakhchivan. Works written by some writers such as J.Mammadguluzada, A.Abbasov, A.Yadigar, Tofig Mutallibov, K.Agayeva, B.Iskandarli, Z.Vedili, T.Seyidov, S.Djanbakhshiyev etc are involved in research. Plays for children are the most important field in terms of influencing child's inner world and forming child's mindset. Considering these fact we can say that plays written by writers from Nakhchivan have great impact on the literal- aesthetical education of young generation. The dramaturgy of child and the youth has entered a new phase of development since 1960. Over these years the theme of child dramaturgy has so expanded that it has started to play a marked role in the education of young generation.In this field Puppet theatre named after Mammad Tagi Sidgi and Nakhchivan State Child theatre has immense services. Top priorities of these theatre are works written on a basis of Azerbaijan folk fairy tales. The recording of fairy tales are crucially important in this time when there is a considerable decline in book reading habits and fairy tales are getting forgotten gradually. The opportunities of this field in the enlightenment of children are extensive. Key words: Nakhchivan, dramaturgy, child, literature, play, spectacle

Improvement Of Patriotic Education Of Young Generation In Modern Conditions

In this article, we write about the formation of students of high patriotic consciousness, a sense of pride in their homeland, as well as patriotism on the side of justice, humanism and democracy, mobilizing pupils – young citizens of the republic to solve the problems facing the society.

Importance of Gender, Location of Secondary School, and Professional Experience for GPA—A Survey of Students in a Free Tertiary Education Setting

A publicly financed tertiary education system is a manifestation of a sustainable approach to education. Society as a whole decides to spend money on the education of young generations, who in turn are expected to do the same for future generations. The benefactor expects that students conscientiously gain knowledge, skills, and competences during their studies. These features are incorporated into and measured with the grade point average (GPA). This research contributes to the scientific debate through the identification and measurement of determinants of students’ GPA in a unique country setting, where top tertiary education is financed by a government. We investigate the relationship between GPA and differentiating factors: gender, population size of a town where students’ secondary school was located, and professional experience. Research methods used include literature analysis, parametric and nonparametric statistical tests, and econometric modeling. The surveyed sample comprised 341 accounting and controlling students from Cracow University of Economics. We find that gender, location of a secondary school, and professional experience are statistically significantly associated with GPA. Female students tend to earn higher GPAs. Similarly, students who completed secondary education in smaller towns earn higher GPAs. On the contrary students who have professional experience tend to earn lower GPAs.

Motivational Tools for Learning Programming in Primary Schools

Studying pedagogical sciences for Computer Science subject nowadays does not meet with great interest of students in Slovakia. Education of young generation in this area is strongly affected by small number of well qualified teachers as well as lack of high-quality teaching materials resulting to deplorable knowledge of the pupils. The very same situation is also with preparation of future teachers. They have only limited possibilities of direct contact with pupils during their studies, what leads to weak experience of the future teachers and low motivation of the children for Computer Science subject. This contribution gives a positive example of extracurricular educative activity for pupils from lower-secondary schools, where students of Teaching of Computer Science program and Applied Informatics program were involved as lecturers or tutors. In this activity we used various motivational tools for teaching programming and Computer Science as well. The contribution describes our experience with these tools for programming, which we used in our extracurricular activity – so called “Informatics club” and also in the two primary schools and three secondary schools in the region of Banská Bystrica. Motivational devices, which were used are: education board bbc micro:bit with accessories (IoT set, gamepad, micro:bit cars), didactic devices – robots (Airblock, mBot Ranger, Phiro Pro) and board game Scottie Go!.

Участие общественных движений в инновационном развитии системы безопасности жизнедеятельности населения

The article analyzes the promising directions of development of social movements to support the innovative evolution of the population’s life safety system. The key aspects of the activities of veterans organizations aimed at the transfer of life and professional experience are considered. The assessment of practical experience and prospects of joint actions of volunteers in areas of large-scale disasters with the use of the latest innovative technologies is carried out. The role of social movements in the implementation of modern approaches in the education of younger generations, increasing the involvement of all segments of Russian society in the formation of a culture of life safety and improving the new quality of socio-economic development of the country’s regions is studied. Based on his own practical experience, the author comes to the conclusion about the absolute effectiveness of cooperation between the state and public organizations, involving volunteers in ensuring the safety of life. The analysis of the necessary measures on the part of the state to ensure full cooperation with volunteer movements is carried out, and a set of measures to achieve these goals is proposed. Creation of stimulating conditions for public voluntary fire protection associations at the level of the Russian Federation’s regions as a unique public-rescue institution is noted.

The academia–industry relationship: igniting innovation in engineering schools

In several regions, but particularly in Latin-America, one of the greatest priorities not only for families but also for governments is the education of young generations. For any country in a knowledge-based economy, an educated youth and labor force backed by robust technological infrastructure could be the passageway to social and economic progress. We live today in a globalized and competitive world, where, for new generations of young people, popular skills such as reading, writing, and arithmetic won’t be enough to succeed. Those will continue being critical skills, but they will not be sufficient. In this present century, new competencies are going to be vital factors that divide students between those who are ready to face more challenging environments in life from those who are not. At this point, the complex relationship between academia and industry is a social and institutional phenomenon guided by strategies. This relationship has evolved in diverse ways, where the industry sometimes collaborates with the academic communities in strategic efforts to support talent development for the good of both. One specific example, structured by the Intel® Guadalajara Design Center in Mexico, is the “Innovation Labs Network,” which has the goal to ignite student creativity and innovation through the development of required competencies to impact the local ecosystems directly in the different states where those institutions and labs are located.

The Influence of Illegal Gold Mining (IGM) on Environmental, Economic, and Educational Sectors of Muara Mensao Village, Jambi

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Basic Models for the Development of Inclusive Education in Moscow

Introduction. The implementation of inclusive education in the Russian comprehensive schools is a multidimensional process followed by a complex of organisational and methodological problems. The participants of this process have expressed diverging views on the following ideas: what sequence it has to be implemented; who has to become a leading actor implementing new educational principles into practice; what main structural changes of the developed system in general education have to be in connection with the introduction of inclusive education. It is necessary to analyse and understand the existing disagreements between all participants of a process. Undoubtedly, the experts of inclusive education, who are directly engaged in its theory and practice, can give the most exact answers to arising acute issues. Their experience and skill level allow a picture of situation to be presented in the most objective way.The aim of the research was to analyse main models of a current stage and prospects in development of inclusive education inMoscow and throughoutRussia.Methodology and research methods. The research was based on the methodology of scenario approach. In June 2015, the Laboratory of Monitoring Studies at the Moscow State University of Psychology & Education implemented the research “Prospects for the development of inclusive education in Moscow” in the form of expert scenario-prognostic monitoring (method of ESMM). In the course of the survey, 81 experts (practitioners, scientists, representatives of educational organisations and the public, managers) were interviewed. The quantitative way of representing the estimates by respondents allowed formal and mathematical methods to be used when processing the results – the factorial and correlation types of analysis using the IBM SPSS Statistics software package.Results and scientific novelty. The vast majority of representatives of expert community were quite pessimistic about the situation on the introduction of inclusive concept of education in Moscow. Concerning the most relevant issues, professional and psychological unreadiness of personnel structure of educational institutions to perform labour duties in the new conditions of training and education for younger generation was ranked as a prevailing idea. Moreover, among other issues, the author noted insufficient number of inclusive schools in Moscow, absence of pedagogical support for children with disabilities, as well as special educational conditions, including programmes for social adaptation.Based on the distribution of peer reviews, three main models of developing inclusive education systems were revealed and described: state, social and educational. When organising and supporting a joint form of education for children with different needs inRussia, the priority is given to state structures in the first (state) model; in the second (social) – to public organisations. The third (educational) model is focused on gradual transition, in which the former rehabilitative educational establishments should be maintained by forging productive collaboration with comprehensive schools.Practical significance. Clearly defined experts’ standpoints in relation to the current stage of developing inclusive education allow us to better understand ongoing processes. In addition, the knowledge of characteristics of each of them contributes to forecasting its possible development and adopting more effective management decisions.

Facilitation Technologies in the Process of Understanding of the Writer’s Biography

The article presents the methodology of organizing educational activities to study a writer’s biography with the help of facilitation approach. A key aspect of the paper is the group work model, i.e., “The World Café” which allowed the authors to process and comprehend a large amount of information about F.M. Dostoevsky, share it with students, and plan further work on the study of his creative writing.In addition, the article identifies important concepts in the comprehension of the first part of the posthumous biography “The materials for the biography of F.M. Dostoevsky”. The compiler of the biography was O.F. Miller, a professor of literature in St. Petersburg University (Russia), critic, publicist, and a famous educator of the 19th century. Interestingly, “Materials for the biography of F.M. Dostoevsky”, published in 1883, were not fully republished and did not receive sufficient scientific understanding until 2010, even though the work of O.F. Miller remained the main source the experts studying F.M. Dostoevsky. Of much importance is the fact that some parts of “Materials for the biography of F.M. Dostoevsky” appeared on the Internet only after 2012. This paradox highlights the importance of the research describing the biography. In 2010, the personal history “Materials for the biography of F.M. Dostoevsky” became an integral part of the academic thesis by K.A. Okisheva “F.M. Dostoevsky and O.F. Miller: the history of relationships”. Our present study highlights the importance of biographies for the education of young generations. Our major concern is the methodology, according to which personal history’s information serves as an essential part of roundtable discussions which simultaneously target the acquisition of F.M. Dostoevsky’s biography and innovative classroom activities.

Instrukcje rodzicielskie Wacława Rzewuskiego dla syna Seweryna oraz córek Teresy i Ludwiki z lat 1754 i 1763/64

Parental instructions of Wacław Rzewuski for his son Seweryn and daughters from the years 1754 and 1763/64 The education of younger generations had long and rich traditions in the old Polish aristocratic Rzewuski family. The domestic and foreign education of sons in particular played a major role in building the power and social position of the family. The main purpose of this article is to present hitherto unknown sources on the history of the education of members of this family. Between 1754 and 1763 (or 1764) four instructions have survived, written by Wacław Rzewuski for his son Seweryn and two daughters: Teresa Karolina and Ludwika Maria Róża. The first instruction for Seweryn Rzewuski comes from the period of his studies in Warsaw (1754), when the young magnate attended the college of Theatines. In this piece of writing, the father gives detailed instructions on the civic education for his son. This instruction contains advice on how to behave properly during social gatherings and religious ceremonies. It also refers to the rules of the moral education of the young boy. The second instruction for Seweryn contains advice on the protection of the family residences in Podhorce and Olesko and was associated with the political situation in which Waclaw Rzewuski and his sons lived in the years from 1763-1764. However, the two instructions for his daughters are a real rarity. Wacław Rzewuski paid great attention to their security and safety and very good presence. One of the instructions was devoted to the conditions and circumstances for short journeys by the daughters to a nearby church or monastery. In particular, it concerns the staff of the daughters’ traveller suite. Another talks about being cautious with fire during their stay in the palace in Podhorce. Both instructions are unique documents of the realities of daily life and domestic trips by young women from the aristocratic sphere, and a father’s expectations with regard to their proper behaviour and maintaining good manners.

BUREAUCRATISM AS AN INDICATOR OF SYSTEMIC CONTRADICTIONS IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM

Introduction. The problem of a sharp increase in paperwork done by experts of an education system, educators and teachers has been repeatedly brought up by the pedagogical community. The teachers have to draw up endless reports, plans, schedules, references; as a consequence, teachers have less time and energy to perform direct professional duties – training and education of younger generation. Nevertheless, continuous appeals of “masses” and recurrent promises of “heads” to reduce the unreasonable bureaucratic reporting have not led even to the minimum positive changes. The aim of the publication is the identification and discussion of the causes of bureaucratism in education; comparison of the tendencies of development of the world pedagogical system with the processes of development of the Russian system of education. Methodology and methods of research. The methodological framework is based on the holistic approach, the complex systems theory, and the synergetics foundations. The study is made up of the comparative, structural and functional analysis of educational systems with the methods of modeling and forecasting application. Results and scientific novelty. It is proved that bureaucratism has objective nature; it is an indicator of a crisis situation, which in turn, is a consequence of systemic contradictions not only within the framework of the existing education system but also in the whole pedagogical system as an ideal foundation of the education institutions functioning. Having reflected own practice and analysed pedagogical publications, the author has systematized the crises of education according to the singled out levels of the contradictions which differ with degree of “globality”. The groups of contradictions of each of the levels that determine the depth of the crisis are formulated and described: contradictions between the existing global pedagogical system and the social, technical, natural world surrounding it; internal disagreement of elements of the system; particular and local discrepancies which are most often pointed out as the crisis reasons, but actually they are not. The latter involve insufficient financing, lack of teaching hours, low motivation of graduates of pedagogical universities for work within the specialty, etc. The mechanisms, dialectic character of the highlighted contradictions, and reaction of the governing structures to each of them are shown. The advantages and disadvantages of the “liberal” and “statist” approaches to the solution of problems of education are considered. The conclusion is drawn that global social, economic, technological changes and outlined trends in labour market reflect the demand for reorganization of the educational sphere which has less need of an integrated control center. Practical significance. Identification of the facts of the crisis aggravation and accompanying growth of bureaucratism enables to distinguish the strategic discrepancy between the managerial decisions and the existing trends in the educational system and the society as a whole. It is stated that the only proper strategy is the freedom of education, creation of a favourable environment for it instead of imposing of one’s authoritative and grounded decisions.

THE SPECIFICS OF PARENT-TEACHER INTERACTION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

Introduction. Early school education as a beginning stage of an individual’s educational trajectory fosters an enabling environment for a child’s personal, physical, intellectual and moral development. A productive interaction between pre-school educational organizations and parents is known to play the key role in the mentioned process. Aim. Based on the empirical-sociological materials of the research, this paper is aimed to identify specific features of interaction between parents and teachers as subjects of the system of early childhood education in large industrial cities. Methodology and research methods. The empirical basis of the research was a questionnaire survey conducted among parents (n=220), whose children attended pre-school institutions in Yekaterinburg, and semi-structured interviews with early school teachers (n=30). The teachers were interviewed using the method of systematic sampling. Results and scientific novelty. A serious divergence was identified with regard to how parents and teachers understand the goal of early school education. The social demand of parents consists in preservation and strengthening of physical health of the child, and teachers consider the development of pupils’ abilities as their main task. The research revealed the main topic for discussion between parents and teachers to be organizational issues (due payments, leaving children in the morning, etc.). The conclusion is drawn that passive acceptance of the current situation prevails in teacher-parent interaction, rather than an active attitude to realization of the principles of partnership and cooperation. Parents’ tight schedules become an impediment for building of partner relationship with their children’s teachers and eventually prevent collaborative interaction between the two sides. Nevertheless, parents are shown to trust teachers and recognize the teachers’ professionalism. This circumstance is seen as a founding principle for formation, reproduction and development of partner interaction of the subjects of preschool education. Practical significance . The obtained results can be applied when planning directions to advance the quality and performance of preschool education institutions. Thus, first to be considered is the organization of complex system work on acculturation of pedagogical culture of parents as well as development of special competences of the teachers, enabling them to successfully realize the principles of constructive cooperation with parental community for the purpose of full, prosperous and harmonious education of younger generation.

Readers Responses on Indonesian Folktales: A Proposal for Folktale Reconstruction

Being one of the many important tools to educate children, folktales are rarely evaluated. Parents and educators tend to put too much trust on folktales that they never question values embedded in folktales. As a result, many folktales remain static despite the growth and change in society, which causes disconnection in the education of young generation. This is especially true in the Indonesian context. In this study, 199 Indonesians participated in the survey on their judgement of values embedded in today’s Indonesian folktales and on the necessity to alter some folktales. The result of the survey suggests that the respondents can see the positive and negative elements incorporated in Indonesian folktales. This fact underlines the urgency of rewriting and reconstructing Indonesian folktales. This paper addresses the need to reconstruct those folktales that are not anymore suitable for today’s society.

W trosce o młodzież. Stanisław Podoleński SJ, pedagog (nie)znany

<p>Troska o harmonijne wychowanie młodych pokoleń jest wpisana w działalność wychowawczą podejmowaną przez wiele środowisk, zaczynając od rodziny, szkoły, przez państwo i Kościół. W II Rzeczypospolitej wszystkie te środowiska podjęły dyskusję nad właściwym kierunkiem wychowania przyszłych pokoleń. Jednym z priorytetowych zadań była troska o właściwe wychowanie zdrowotne i fizyczne młodzieży.</p><p>W dyskurs o istotnej roli edukacji prozdrowotnej włączył się jezuita Stanisław Podoleński. Problematyka podjęta w artykule dotyczy jego poglądów na istotę wychowania zdrowotnego i fizycznego jako wyraz troski o harmonijne wychowanie młodych w II Rzeczypospolitej.</p><p>Stanisława Podoleńskiego należy zaliczyć do grona aktywnych i zaangażowanych w działalność edukacyjną pedagogów w II Rzeczypospolitej. Bliskie mu były problemy młodych ludzi. W swoich publikacjach podkreślał, że istnieje nierozerwalny związek pomiędzy wychowaniem fizycznym i zdrowotnym a duchowym i intelektualnym człowieka. Jego zdaniem troska o harmonijny rozwój wszystkich sfer młodego człowieka jest podstawowym obowiązkiem rodziców, wychowawców, a nawet całego społeczeństwa.</p>