Development Of Economic System Research Articles

Retracted: Development of Economic Evaluation System for Building Project Based on Computer Technology

Retracted: Development of Economic Evaluation System for Building Project Based on Computer Technology

THE URGENCY OF DEVELOPING THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC LEGAL SYSTEM IN THE ERA OF GLOBAL TRADE BASED ON PANCASILA VALUES

<p><strong><em>Abstract: </em></strong><em></em></p><p><em>Indonesia is one of the countries that is struggling to attract as much investment as possible to build a national economic system to face challenges in the era of economic globalization. The development of a national economic legal system in the era of trade globalization is in accordance with the values of Pancasila. The problems that occur are related to the urgency of developing a national economic legal system in the era of trade globalization based on the values of Pancasila. The method used in this paper is normative legal research, namely through library research by studying books, and supported by field research by interviewing informants related to the subject of this paper. The results of the study show that the development of a national economic legal system in the era of globalization has a major role to play in providing opportunities for economic development to realize people's welfare. The urgency of developing a national economic law system in the era of trade globalization is based on the values contained in Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The current era of trade globalization with the concept of a liberal economy in the global world cannot be fully and comprehensively applied in Indonesia, especially in implementing the formation of legislation in the field of economic law. Indonesia needs to reorganize the values of the people's economy, the agricultural economy, the Pancasila economy, and others that are protected by an effective legal system and are fully facilitated and fully supported by the state.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p>

Problems of legal regulation of start-ups in Ukraine

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical and legal nature of start-ups, their features, and the legal algorithm of their creation, operation, and termination of activities, with due regard to the existing legislative provisions and doctrinal developments.
 The rapid technological progress in the world drives the development of economic systems, and the fierce competition between them determines the innovative direction of our country's development. However, despite the fact that over the past two decades new forms of business activity, including start-ups, have been actively used and successfully implemented in Ukraine, there have been almost no changes in the legislative field in this area. This state of affairs should make it necessary to amend existing legislative acts and adopt new ones, develop and consolidate new legal terms and concepts, which would facilitate legislative regulation of all innovation processes. To this end, the author proposes to adopt a special Law of Ukraine “On the Activities of Startups” and to enshrine the definition of “startup” therein. The term “start-up” is defined as a business entity registered in accordance with the procedure established by law that offers a competitive innovative service or product, a newly developed or improved technology that will improve a certain area of human activity, but has limited resources. There is also a justified need to make the list of types of intellectual property open. This will help to protect and defend the innovative achievements and developments of start-up founders.
 A list of features inherent in a start-up has been proposed: focus on the development of an innovative product or service; relatively short period of existence with subsequent transformation, sale or termination of existence; scientific potential of the start-up founders; registration of a start-up in the legal form of an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity. The organisational and legal forms of entrepreneurial activity have been analysed and it has been concluded which forms are the most convenient and favourable for registration of start-ups.

Abandon the idea of an “optimal economic path” for climate policy

AbstractMany economic modelers believe that there is an “optimal economic path” for solving the climate problem that exists independent of human choices. This belief rests on the notion that Integrated Assessment Models can determine the path that “maximizes global welfare” and, in turn, this path should drive climate policy. This commentary focuses on an under‐appreciated problem with that belief. We argue that the existence of pervasive increasing returns to scale, network externalities, learning curves, spillovers, and other nonlinear effects puts the idea of a single optimal economic path at odds with our current understanding of the most important forces driving the development of real economic and technological systems. We further argue that this idea is detrimental to rigorous understanding of climate solutions.This article is categorized under: Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Scenario Development and Application Climate Economics > Economics and Climate Change Climate Economics > Economics of Mitigation

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В РОССИИ

The article is devoted to the consideration of topical problems of the development of modern economic systems associated with the expansion of social entrepreneurship. The study was conducted on the example of Russia, where this activity is just beginning to emerge. Special attention is paid to the prerequisites for the expansion of social entrepreneurship practices in the country. The author's developed model of socially responsible business is also presented, and several promising options for its development are given as an example.

THE CONCEPT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE SYSTEM OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRICITY ENTERPRISES

The electric power sector is one of the most important components of the development of the national economy, which confirms the importance of Ukraine’s implementation of the successful experience of other countries in the field of applying innovations in the energy sector and the need to introduce innovations in the energy sector. This involves the effective use of the existing innovation potential of electric power enterprises and a fundamental analysis of innovation processes in the energy sector. The purpose of the article is the development of conceptual principles for increasing the innovative activity of electric power enterprises in the system of strategic management of their activities. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the work of domestic and foreign scientists. The basis of the research methodology is a systematic approach, within which the following logical, general scientific, theoretical and empirical methods are applied: content analysis – for the systematization of approaches to the interpretation of the definition, innovative activity and development of the author’s definition; abstract-logical method – for building the logic of research, for theoretical generalizations and formulation of research conclusions; deductions – to identify individual factors affecting the innovative activity of electric power enterprises; analysis and synthesis – to determine trends in the innovative activity of electric power enterprises. The graphic method made it possible to visualize the obtained research results. The results of the study are the determination of the main problems that prevent the implementation of innovative activity of electric power enterprises, and the justification of the main goals of increasing the innovative activity of electric power enterprises. The article identifies the current domestic trends in the innovative activity of energy enterprises, which made it possible to justify the need to strengthen the role of innovative activity of electric power enterprises as a fundamental factor in their competitiveness. The authors formed the conceptual foundations of the innovative activity of electric power enterprises in the strategic management system, in particular, the interpretation of innovative activity was systematized with the definition of certain properties to provide the author’s interpretation of this definition. The dialectical contradiction between the concepts of the development of economic systems through the prism of innovations has been resolved. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the development of the concept of innovative activity of electric power enterprises in the system of strategic management, taking into account the challenges of the internal and external environment.

Принципи і механізми відновлення та розвитку регіональних економічних систем

The tasks of increasing the degree of cohesion and convergence are among the key ones for the post-war recovery and development of regional economic systems. They aim of socio-economic cohesion increase is mentioned as the main in the State Strategy for Regional Development of Ukraine, in the Post-War Recovery Plan, at it brings national regional development goals closer to European ones. In order to implement the tasks of post-war recovery and further development of regional economic systems (RES) based on the effective use of available resources, it is necessary to develop a methodological toolkit, to define strategic principles for the construction and development of RES. The peculiarities of the operation of RES in the period of post-war recovery are indicated. The concepts of "solidarity from below" and "solidarity from above" are introduced. An analogy is drawn between the management of the RES and the coordination of the activities of enterprises within the framework of the CPFR strategy. The means of stimulating cooperation in the RES, in particular institutional mechanisms and information technologies, are considered. Simulation models of economic cooperative subsystems were built using the iThink program.

INSTITUTIONAL EFFICIENCY AS AN IMPERATIVE OF THE POST-WAR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE

Topicality. Despite numerous measures to stimulate scientific, technical and innovative development, declared by programs, legislative and departmental normative documents of Ukraine, the actual effectiveness of their implementation remains low, and priority focus on the innovative path of development did not become an integral part of it. Formal institutions should provide better legal, economic, and political institutional conditions, such as establishing strict and fair laws to protect stakeholders, reducing investment restrictions and increasing freedom for business, finance, and capital controls, as well as addressing corruption, bureaucracy, and autocracy. Such a policy is a prerequisite for creating a better investment environment and increasing the efficiency of resource allocation for the innovative development of territorial and economic systems in the context of post-war recovery of Ukraine.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to examine the theoretical-methodological and legal basis of the entrepreneurial environment in the aspect of institutional support for the development of innovative activity within territorial&economic systems. The tusk of the study is to propose measures for its improvement in the post-war period in order to recover the Ukraine’s economy on innovative bases.Materials and Methods. The research is based on results of comparative, semantic analysis and theoretical generalization of the previous studies, contemporary scientific views and empirical observations regarding the impact of institutional efficiency on investment, economic growth rates and total factor productivity (TFP) from a macroeconomic perspective. The contextual analysis results were applied to was applied to identify contradictions in the existing organizational and legal basis of the existing institutional framework for the development of territorial communities and business entities in the aspect of their innovative activity of territorial&economic systems and the overall economy of Ukraine in the post-war recovery context.Research results. The conducted research have led to a set of results, including: (1) improvement of categorical apparatus of the theory of regional management by defining the category of the "territorial&economic system", (2) determination of the main formal institutions and institutions that regulate the development of innovative activities in an entrepreneurial sector of the country and the development of territorial communities, (3) the contextual analysis of the existing institutional support conducted within the study allows for drawing conclusions that , overall, the country has developed a complex institutional environment, which is shaped by the existence of various institutions and regulations governing innovative activities.Conclusion. The Institutional support for innovative development in Ukraine has significant deficiencies, manifested in contradictions, insufficient identification of subjects and objects of the innovation process, and inadequate resource allocation. The problem significantly inhibits the innovative development of territorial economic systems, and at some point makes it impossible. Strategies and management of the national innovation system remain fragmented, relatively ineffective and insufficiently coordinated. There is no clear division of roles and responsibilities, including financial ones, among different government bodies. More than half of the adopted innovative programs did not receive funding due to the lack of corresponding allocations in the state budget. Priority is given to the Annual Budget Law compared to the previous financial commitments defined in program documents.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE CREATION OF THE "FROM FARM TO SCHOOL" MODEL IN THE KLAIPEDA REGION: THE STUDY OF TARGET GROUPS’ EXPECTATIONS AND PERCEPTIONS

The focus of the article is on school meal programs that are common throughout the world and are implemented to promote students’ healthy eating habits and bring added value to their learning outcomes. In recent years there has been increasing emphasis on the possibility of improving school meals by including locally grown products, thus contributing to the development of local economic systems. This model has acquired the name "Farm to School" in practice of some countries and, according to its supporters, emphasizes public procurement of locally grown food as a key market opportunity for farmers. The article has been prepared within the BSR Food Coalition project (funded by Interreg Baltic Sea Region Program, contract #S002). The project seeks to create the conditions for the emergence of the "From farm to school" model in the Baltic States. The study presented in the article aims at disclosing the conditions and opportunities for the promotion and use of foods produced by local farmers in general education schools in Klaipeda region, Lithuania as well as at defining necessary educational efforts to increase healthy nutrition, develop general health habits, and agricultural and food system literacy within general education schools and their communities. To achieve the aim the surveys with project target groups (school administration, students and their parents) have been carried out in Klaipeda region. The objectives of the survey were to gather data on target groups’ perceptions of local school food procurement and to disclose their opinion, needs and expectations related to model development. The findings of the study would be helpful for designing the further steps of collaboration between schools and local farmers in Klaipeda region. .

Analysis of News Communication Law Based on PSR Model

Abstract Based on the PSR model, the author proposes a research on news communication. PSR is a model proposed by OECD for system pressure, state and response analysis. On the basis of in-depth analysis of various factors in the process of coordinated development of the social, economic and natural environment composite system, the author constructs a kind of PSR composite model, by using the theory and method of system dynamics, the sustainable development of social, economic and environmental systems is studied, and the knowledge atlas is used to describe and evaluate the current situation and development trend of the education of news communication discipline, conduct a comprehensive and visual analysis of journalism and communication education research to show the frontier, hot spots, knowledge base and cooperation network of the discipline's education research, and try to clarify the relationship and interaction between various studies.

Spatial Characteristics of Coupling Development of Ecological Protection and Agricultural Economy in China

[Purpose] To explore the coupling coordination evolution law of China’s agricultural ecological environment and economic development, and provide reference and a decision-making basis for coordinating the relationship between the ecological environment and agricultural economy in the process of China’s agricultural economic development. [Method] Based on the coupling coordination mechanism between ecological protection and agricultural economy, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for agricultural ecological environment and economic growth, and explores the spatiotemporal evolution law of the coupling coordination between the agricultural ecological economic system in China’s 31 province administrative regions from 2010 to 2020. [Result] From 2010 to 2020, the overall development level of China’s agricultural ecology and economy was gradually improving; the level of coupling coordination increased significantly before 2015, but then the growth remained stable; the global Moran’s I index of coordination is “first descending and then ascending”; and the LISA cluster diagram of the local Moran’s I index was “east high and west low” before 2015, but then “west high and east low”. [Conclusions] The level of coupling and coordination development of agricultural ecological economic systems in various provinces has steadily increased, but the development level between regions is uneven. It is necessary to strengthen natural disaster management, increase investment in agricultural development, and enhance regional cooperation between regions to promote high-quality and green sustainable development of agricultural ecological economic systems. [Innovation] A new evaluation index system was constructed, the indicator data are complete and comprehensive (including data from 31 different province administrative regions from 2010 to 2020), and the analysis perspective is rich and diverse (through the comparison and changes of the time and space perspectives, the results from different perspectives were comprehensively analyzed). This paper finds that the coordination degree shows significant periodicity with 2015 as the boundary; the growth rate is “west fast and east slow”.

STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING THE COMPANY'S POTENTIAL TO INCREASE THE ENTERPRISE'S INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS

The subject of the study is a complex of theoretical and methodological provisions and practical recommendations on increasing the effectiveness of the formation and use of the potential of enterprise management strategies through the creation and implementation of organizational and economic principles to increase their investment attractiveness. Currently, there is no objective method of managing the investment potential of an enterprise, which is capable of reliably reflecting possible problems of functioning and risks of investing funds in the enterprise. Existing methods of managing the investment potential of a company consider either an insufficient number of factors necessary for evaluation, or an excessive number of factors to be evaluated, as a result of which it is quite difficult for the investor to isolate the necessary information and make the right decision. For such enterprises the increase of investment attractiveness is possible only by qualitative changes in the management and production system, in particular by reorientation of the production process to the needs of the market, which will improve the image of the enterprises on the market and create new or develop existing competitive advantages. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article consists of general scientific methods: comparison, dialectical development of economic systems, methodology of normative-legal and information-analytical support of the functioning of enterprises, formation and use of the strategy of potential management of the enterprise, creation and implementation of organizational and economic principles to increase their investment attractiveness. The research was based on the synthesis of social science theories, organizational systems theory and corporate finance theory. According to the system approach, the potential of the enterprise was considered as the potential of the financial system of the enterprise. The purpose of the article is the development of theoretical, methodological provisions and practical recommendations for the creation and implementation of the strategy of managing the financial potential of the enterprise in order to increase the investment attractiveness of the enterprise. Conclusion. The research carried out in the article consists in modernization and optimization of the considered strategies of financial potential management of the enterprise in order to increase the investment attractiveness of the enterprise, identification of an evaluation method that would meet the needs of investors, taking into account the factors significant for the assessment of the investment attractiveness of the enterprise, capable to objectively characterize its advantages and disadvantages and investment risks for investors.

An analysis of methodological approaches to assessing the digital development of regional economic systems

Subject. This article discusses the expansion of the use of digital technologies. Objectives. The article aims to develop a comprehensive methodology for assessing the level of digitalization of regional economic systems. Methods. For the study, we used a structural analysis. Results. The article proposes to assess the digitalization of the regional economy and the development prospects using a predictive and diagnostic system. Conclusions. The article concludes that it is necessary to assess the degree of digitalization of economic subsystems and level the digital divide between them.

Инновационная инфраструктура как фактор повышения конкурентоспособности региона

In modern conditions, innovative infrastructure is a fundamental element for the development of a regional economic system. The availability of an efficient innovation infrastructure optimizes the process of the implementation of promising production ideas and their commercialization in the industrial sector of the region. The purpose of this study is connected with the assessment possibility of the influence level of innovations on the competitiveness of regional economic system in the context of global competition and uncertainty growth in social and production processes. The methodological basis of the study is presented by the results of research studies by domestic and foreign experts, within which a comprehensive analysis of conditions and specifics of innovative transformations in the development of the region was carried out, with the identification of promising opportunities for relevant innovations’ integration into the regional socio-economic system. In accordance with this, in the course of the study, the following general theoretical and special research methods were applied: statistical analysis, generalization, grouping, systematization, deduction, induction, and graph theory. The result of the study is the assessment of the impact of innovations on the development of the regional economic system, as well as to form the conditions for construction of innovative infrastructure and predict the results of its impact on the level of competitiveness of the region in case of its optimal integration in accordance with the functioning of national or international organizations. The results obtained can be used by state and regional authorities that provide optimal innovative development and implementation of an economically determined sequence of activities within the framework of regional innovation policy, as well as small and medium-sized production entities, scientific and educational organizations operating in the development and implementation of high-tech products with increased value.

Foreign Economic Relations of China and Russia and Prospects of Sino-Russian Economic and Trade Cooperation

Over the past 30 years, economic globalization has significantly increased the pace of global economic growth, allowing emerging market economies to gain opportunities for economic development and economic modernization. After joining the WTO, China and Russia accelerated the development of foreign economic relations, while promoting the reform of the domestic economic and trade system, especially the signing of a number of bilateral and multilateral free trade agreements, which, in turn, gave a new impetus to the development of the world economy. In recent years, economic globalization has increasingly been challenged by unilateralism and trade protectionism. The attempt by the United States to use the Russian-Ukrainian conflict to divide the world economy is the biggest problem facing economic globalization now and in the future. China and Russia have always been firm supporters of globalization, opposing economic hegemony, unilateral sanctions and any actions that divide the world economy. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Russia, with the continuous improvement of bilateral relations, economic and trade cooperation has repeatedly gone against the tide to help the two countries achieve economic development and overcome the economic crisis. Against the background of repeated local outbreaks of the Covid-19 epidemic in China and tough sanctions against Russia, Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation continues to trend towards rapid growth. In the future, China and Russia will seek new opportunities for cooperation in the face of uncertainty and contribute to the sustainable development of the global economic system.

ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РЕСУРСНОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ АГРОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

Resource supply of sustainable development of agro-economical systems should help to increase the competitiveness of agricultural production in the domestic and world food markets and provide the population of the globe with food on the basis of steady increase of agricultural production growth rates. The analysis of the World Bank database for the period from 2012 to 2021 shows that for ten years the added value in the agrarian sector of the Russian Federation economy has increased by 16%, showing positive dynamics of the average annual growth rate with the value of 1.53%. Comparison with the analogous world average growth rate of 2.97% shows that our agro-economic system lags behind the world by almost two times. The OECD countries are developing with an average annual growth rate of 1.88%, which is also ahead of Russia’s indicators. At the same time, Russia’s agro-economic system is developing 0.26% faster than the countries of the European zone. Over the next eight years the Russian Federation expects to achieve an average annual growth rate of agricultural production of 3%, which is 2.7 times higher than the world average. For this purpose Russian agrarians have significant reserves for sustainable development of the agricultural economic system due to expansion of the areas of the main production resource by means of involving 33.04 million hectares of unused agricultural lands (16.7% of the total area) into circulation which, if successfully developed and the average Russian level of land productivity is reached, will give a 15-16% increase in production. The implementation of the program of technical modernization of agriculture can contribute to the achievement of steady annual growth rates of 1.3-1.8% of the branch production. Along with this the important directions of resource provision are the establishment of fair correlation of prices for agricultural products and industrial goods, fulfillment of financial support of agricultural development program and increasing of export potential of domestic agriculture.

Selective approaches to the definition of mechanisms for the implementation of import substitution policy at the regional level

The subject of the study is the economic relations of the regions of the Russian Federation within the framework of foreign trade relations with non-CIS countries. The regions of the Volga Federal District of Russia are the object of research. The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as structural parameters of supplies of goods from abroad to the regions of the Volga Federal District; justification of their critical level in the context of the studied commodity groups and country differentiation; development of proposals aimed at the formation of selective and adaptive measures for the implementation of the import substitution policy to regional peculiarities. Particular attention is paid to the issues of substantiating the doctrine of the need for a selective regional strategy for the implementation of import substitution policy under sanctions pressure, which provides for the need to abandon frontal measures of state support in the sphere of emerging perturbations of external inter-cooperative relations. The main conclusion of the study is the need to implement a selective strategy for adapting the national economy to the localization of imports of goods and services based on the identification of regional features of import dependence in the context of key commodity groups. A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is the identification of possible threats to the sustainable development of regional economic systems in the context of sanctions, taking into account the structural analysis of import supplies from unfriendly countries. Based on the review, systematization and analysis of data from the Federal Customs Service, the key parameters of critical imports for the regions of the Volga Federal District are identified and the concept of implementing an adaptive import substitution policy is proposed.

Sustainable Development of Business Economy Based on Big Data Algorithm under the Background of Low-Carbon Economy

After the low-carbon economy (LCE) was proposed, countries all over the world examined their national economic structures and found the necessity for developing a LCE. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously develop low-carbon technologies and improve technological and policy innovation capabilities. From the perspective of promoting the coordinated development of the low-carbon economic system and regional sustainable development, this paper conducted an in-depth analysis of the coordinated development of the low-carbon economic system and regional environmental issues by using the relevant theories of sustainable development, low-carbon economics, and environmental economics. The index system of the low-carbon economic system and regional sustainable development was constructed, and the coupling degree model and regional coupling coordination degree model suitable for the development of the low-carbon economic system and regional sustainable development were established. On the basis of analyzing the status quo of a LCE and the environment in a coastal area, it was finally concluded that in the next five years, the value of the coupling coordination degree of the LCE and its sustainable system development would continue to approach 1 and grow steadily.

Человек эпохи перемен в контексте социально-экономической трансформации систем

The article is devoted to the current problem of preserving the human personality, man as a biosocial being in the context of the transformation of the socio-economic system. The purpose of the article is to identify the place and role of a person in a changing socio-economic system. In the course of the study, system analysis, deduction, induction, analogy, situational analysis and dialectics were used. It’s no secret that the measure of the development of the capitalist economic system is the monopolization of the economy, namely its concentration through the process of mergers and acquisitions of large national corporations, which is directly related to the circulation and the logic of capital itself. The insatiable thirst for the appropriation of someone else’s work on the part of the ruling class gives rise to infringement of a person’s freedom of choice and expression of his own thoughts. At one time, the outstanding Russian philosopher, logician and publicist Zinoviev A.A., contrasting capitalism and socialism, noted: “The Soviet system in its development is the pinnacle of history. The most perfect for domestic conditions.” Indeed, the Soviet Union was a major state in the world, which included 15 republics. All peoples worked closely together and economically interdependent on the principle of equality and common benefit for all. The Commonwealth has helped to achieve huge results. Science, technology, industry and agriculture were developing. It was under the Stalinist model of the economy that the idea of improving human life in all its manifestations was preserved, which cannot be said about the capitalist system, aimed only at exploiting man by man and the desire to increase his personal capital. This work is of scientific interest to a wide range of specialists and analysts. In addition, the information presented in the article can serve as a scientific basis for modeling and forecasting patterns, advantages and disadvantages of the development of the capitalist economic system within the historical paradigm.

DETERMINANTS AND PRIORITIES OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS COHESION GOALS REALIZATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE POST-WAR RECOVERY

DETERMINANTS AND PRIORITIES OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS COHESION GOALS REALIZATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE POST-WAR RECOVERY