Abstract Building competitiveness of the economies of the countries with the most advanced population-ageing processes is becoming a significant economic and social challenge in contemporary society. In this paper, focus turns to entrepreneurship among the older generation. The following matters will be discussed: the essence of the phenomenon of the olderpreneur; the nature of entrepreneurship of older people in the global and European scale, with special emphasis on Poland; and the challenges for the future labour market arising out of the demographic processes taking place. The content of this paper is in line with economic and social analysis, using sociological and economic achievements, and is based on existing sources and the results of original research. Desk research and descriptive and comparative analysis are used in presenting the issues addressed. A study of the relevant literature critical review was carried out and secondary sources were used.