Ecological Protection Red Line Research Articles

基于系统保护理念的弹性生态保护空间划定——以广东省茂名市为例

有效识别生态保护空间对维护区域生物多样性，提升生态系统服务具有重要作用。考虑山水林田湖草系统保护战略需求以及既往弹性生态保护研究不足，基于可持续发展目标下生态保护概念内涵，系统解析弹性生态保护空间的内在要求；立足生态系统服务视角，以沿海特色发展区——广东省茂名市为研究区，在考虑传统重要生态功能的基础上，基于区域特点选取气候调节功能、粮食供给功能、生物保护功能、水源涵养功能、土壤保护功能5项生态系统服务作为保护对象；通过改进的MARXAN模型提取弹性生态保护空间，并对相关结果的有效性进行了验证。研究结果表明：①茂名市各项生态系统服务空间分布存在差异，综合生态系统服务高值区主要分布在北部山区，低值区主要集中在南部城镇建设区；②考虑限制条件和保护成本的系统保护规划方法在生态保护空间划定上具有一定优势，系统保护规划结果与生态保护红线重叠面积1505.02 km²，占生态保护红线面积的83.43%，其余区域主要由林草地类、园地类、耕地类组成，占比分别为45.92%、19.71%、22.24%；③在未来生态保护建设中，应针对系统保护规划内生态红线核心区、一般保护区、基本农田区分别开展生态保护加强管理、生态系统服务综合提升、生态农业建设等多样化整治策略。;Effective identification of important ecological function areas plays an important role in maintaining regional biodiversity and improving ecosystem services. Considering the strategic needs of the systematic conservation of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands and the lack of previous research on flexible ecological protection, this paper systematically analyzed the inherent requirements of flexible ecological protection space based on the concept of ecological protection under the sustainable development goals. Based on the perspective of ecosystem services, the consideration of important ecological functions and regional characteristics, this paper took the coastal characteristic development zone-Maoming City of Guangdong Province as the research area to select five ecosystem services, including climate regulation function, food supply function, biological protection function, water conservation function, and soil protection function as protection objects. This paper has obtained the ecological protection space through improved MARXAN model, and further verified the effectiveness of research results. The research results show that:① there are differences in the spatial distribution of various ecosystem services in Maoming. The high-value areas of comprehensive ecosystem services are mainly distributed in the northern mountainous areas, and the low-value areas are mainly concentrated in the southern urban construction area. ② The systematic conservation planning method which took into account the constraints and the protection costs had certain advantages in the delineation of ecological protection space. The ecological protection red line area in the systematic conservation planning result is 1505.02 km², accounting for 83.43% of the ecological protection red line area. The rest area is mainly composed of forest and grassland, garden land, and cultivated land, accounting for 45.92%, 19.71%, and 22.24%, respectively. ③ In the future ecological protection construction, the diversified remediation strategies such as enhanced management of ecological protection, comprehensive improvement of ecosystem services, and construction of ecological agriculture should be carried out for the core ecological red line, general protected areas, and basic farmland areas in the systematic conservation planning.

Research on the application of GIS technology in the spatial status grooming of village areas

The preparation of five levels and three categories of territorial spatial planning includes many aspects, and this article mainly deals with one of the levels and categories: detailed territorial spatial planning of village areas; it focuses on the preliminary work of planning preparation: the current situation combing of village territorial spatial areas. The article firstly outlines the basic application of GIS technology in the current situation combing; then introduces the relevant contents of the Third National Land Survey. Finally, with actual cases, we focus on the significant role played by GIS technology in the integration of land use data in the base period of village territorial space, the location of permanent basic farmland indicators, the location of ecological protection red line, and the statistics of conflicting patches of ecological environmental protection and basic farmland protection.

EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION LEVEL UNDER THE FRAMEWORK OF TERRITORY SPATIAL PLANNING OF FUJIAN PROVINCE

Abstract. A key mission of “the carrying capacity of natural resources and the suitability of territory spatial development evaluation” in China is to carry out the assessment of the ecological protection level, which is based on the ecosystem service functions level and ecological sensitivity level. The evaluation of ecological protection level is the basis for demarcating the ecological protection red line, which has become a major strategy to promote the construction of national ecological civilization. In this paper, taking the whole land area of Fujian province as an example and using the quantifying index method, based on remote sensing data including NPP, NDVI, and land use data, we first assess the ecosystem service functions level and ecological sensitivity level, combined with the existing nature reserves and national forest parks in Fujian province, and then evaluate the ecological protection level. The result shows that, the extremely important ecological protection area is 37,134.68 km2, accounting for 30.59% of total study area; the area of farmland located in the extremely important ecological protection area is 2,191.56 km2, making up 14.44% of the total farmland area; the area of construction land within the extremely important ecological protection area is 542.65 km2, accounting for 12.94% of the total construction land area.

Output risk evolution analysis of agricultural non-point source pollution under different scenarios based on multi-model

The Fuling District is located in central Chongqing, China, and characterized by a high ecological status, a high ecological risk, a high agricultural proportion in economy, and a high agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNPS) risk, and represents the ecological security barrier of the Yangtze River and the Three Gorges Reservoir area. To analyze the output risk response of AGNPS under different land use scenarios in the future, we combined the advantages of various models and techniques such as the CLUE-S model, the Markov model, the SWAT model, and GIS technology and selected 12 driving factors for land use changes as well as one limiting factor of the ecological protection redline based on land use data of the Fuling District in 2009 and 2017, with the aim to perform an output risk probability evolution analysis of regional AGNPS. The three scenarios were natural development (ND), ecological priority (EP), and agricultural development (AD). The results were as follows: (1) from 2009 to 2017, land use change mainly consisted of the conversion from paddy field and dry land into construction land, accounting for 41.25% of the total area increase in construction land in 2017; (2) the simulation results of land use changes in Fuling District by combination of the CLUE-S model and the Markov model showed a high consistency; (3) from 2009 to 2017, the numbers of sub-basins where the TN risk level declined, remained unchanged, and increased were 36, 425, and 9, respectively, while in terms of the TP risk levels, the numbers were 16, 443, and 11, respectively; (4) under the three development scenarios of ND, EP, and AD, paddy field, dry land, forest land, and construction land were the main types of land use conversion; (5) the output risk levels of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) both presented a declining trend at present and in the future, and the number of sub-basins where the risk level declined was highest under the EP scenario; (6) under the ND scenario, adjustments of ±5% or ±10% on the output coefficients of TN and TP could lead to an obvious response of the output risk probability level of sub-basins. Therefore, the sub-basins that were the most sensitive to changes in land use or output coefficients deserve considerable attention. Our results also indicate that the output risk levels of sub-basins and regional TN and TP could be reduced through land use optimization or fertilizer control, thereby minimizing regional AGNPS.

Analysis on the vacancy of mangrove ecosystem protection in China

As an important ecosystem type in the coastal zone, mangroves have important ecological functions, such as maintaining coastal biodiversity, preventing wind and consolidating the coast, promoting silt and building land. It is of great significance to understand the protected status of mangroves in the context of climate change and rapid urbanization. Based on the mangrove classification data from remote sensing interpretation, through vacancy analysis, the in-situ protection status of mangroves in China is analyzed. The results show that the total area of mangroves distributed in China is 264 km2 (excluding the statistical data of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan), of which 61.4% are protected in natural reserves. In terms of the main provinces where mangroves are distributed, the mangrove area distributed in Hainan Province is small but the protection proportion is high, while the mangrove area distributed in Guangxi and Guangdong Province is large but the proportion of protected areas is relatively low. Among the three mangrove types, Rhizophora apiculate-Xylocarpus granatum and Rhizophora stylosa-Bruguiera gymnorrhiza had high proportions (>90%) covered by reserves, but relatively small areas. In contrast, Kandelia candel-Aegiceras corniculatum-Avicennia marina had relatively low reserve coverage (52.6%), but a large area. The study puts forward the key areas of mangrove distribution outside the nature reserve, and suggests that they should be protected by delimiting ecological protection red lines.

长江中下游平原区生态保护红线的划定——以江苏省为例

科学划定生态保护红线（Ecological Protection Red Line，EPRL）并严格保护是中国政府建设生态文明的重要战略举措，对国土空间可持续发展具有重要意义。通过解析生态保护红线制度的内涵、目标与划定标准提出生态保护红线的4项基础性问题。针对长江中下游平原面临的生物多样性减少、生境斑块破碎化以及农业与生态空间冲突等问题，考虑生态保护红线的区域差异性，以江苏省为研究区，结合区域特征利用生境维持、气候调节、水源涵养、粮食供给、土壤保持5项生态系统服务功能，基于生态安全格局研究框架探讨了相应的生态保护红线划定方法。研究结果表明：①江苏省生态源地主要由区域内河流、湖泊、滩涂与林地构成，各项生态系统服务功能空间格局差异化显著，限于农田覆盖范围广泛与水系网络结构发达，源地斑块破碎化现象严重。②江苏生态保护红线主要由湿地、林草地、农用地等地类构成，红线核心区以湿地为主，廊道与节点则以农用地为主。生态保护红线可根据源地景观规模分为3级，其中I级EPRL占比达72.87%，可基本代表核心红线图斑。③生态廊道与生态节点的设置有助于提高生境图斑的连通性，江苏省生态廊道共47条，包括33条关键生态廊道与14条潜在生态廊道，总长度分别为1296.27km、1726.33km。研究结果可为长江中下游平原的生态保护红线划定创新思路，并希冀对生态保护红线制度约束下的国土空间管控与管制制度改革具有借鉴价值。;Scientifically delineating and strictly protecting the ecological protection red line (EPRL) are essential strategic measures for the Chinese government to construct ecological civilization. It is of considerable significance to promote the sustainable development of land space. This paper puts forward four fundamental issues of the EPRL by analyzing the connotation, objectives, and delimitation criteria of the EPRL system. Aiming at the problems of biodiversity reduction, habitat patch fragmentation, and conflict between agriculture and ecological space in Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain, the regional differences of the EPRL are considered. Taking Jiangsu Province as the study area, this paper discussed the corresponding EPRL delimitation method based on the framework of ecological security pattern, considering five ecosystem service functions of habitat maintenance, climate regulation, water conservation, food supply, and soil conservation. The results show that 1) eco-source areas in Jiangsu Province mainly compose of rivers, lakes, tidal flats and woodlands, and the spatial patterns of ecosystem services are significantly different. Limited by the extensive coverage of farmland and the developed network structure of the river system, the source patches are severely fragmented. 2) Jiangsu EPRLs are mainly composed of wetland, forest, and grassland, agricultural land, etc. The core area of the EPRL is mainly wetland, while the corridors and nodes are mainly agricultural lands. The EPRL can be divided into three levels according to the landscape size of eco-source, of which grade I EPRL accounts for 72.87% and can basically represent the core EPRL patches. 3) The establishment of ecological corridors and ecological nodes helps to improve the connectivity of habitat patches. There are 47 ecological corridors in Jiangsu Province, including 33 critical ecological corridors and 14 potential ecological corridors, with total lengths of 1296.27 km and 1726.33 km, respectively. The results can provide innovative ideas for the EPRL delimitation in Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain and hope to have reference value for the system reform of land space management and control under the restriction of the EPRL system.

粤港澳大湾区生态系统格局变化与模拟

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 粤港澳大湾区生态系统格局变化与模拟 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201906101228 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学青年科学基金项目（71804180） Evolution and simulation of ecosystem patterns in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Bay Area Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:快速城市化是导致粤港澳大湾区生态系统时空格局变化的主要驱动力之一，模拟生态系统变化趋势对于优化区域土地利用格局、防控城市化的生态风险具有重要意义。以2000、2005、2010、2015、2018年5期土地利用数据，分析该区域生态系统格局演变，并运用CA-Markov模型模拟2025年的生态系统格局。研究结果表明：（1）2018年大湾区的森林、农田和城镇为主要生态系统类型，分别占区域总面积的53.99%、22.67%和14.51%。（2）2000-2018年农田、森林、湿地面积分别下降了1983、740、278 km2，城镇和草地面积分别上升了2896、103 km2，城镇面积增长的主要途径是对周围农田、林地和湿地的侵占，草地面积增长是因为管理经营不善导致部分林地退化为草地。（3）大湾区的景观多样性和均匀度下降，景观正在向小斑块趋势发展，空间连通性下降，破碎度增加。（4）模拟2025年的生态系统格局发现，与2018年相比，城镇面积增长了609 km2，农田和森林分别减少了309 km2和316 km2。基于大湾区生态系统格局变化与模拟发现，快速城市化区域中，落实耕地保护红线和生态保护红线制度、保护重要生态空间完整性，对于降低城市化的生态风险具有重要作用。 Abstract:Rapid urbanization has been one of the primary drivers of ecosystems change in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Bay Area (the Great Bay Area). To understand these spatio-temporal dynamics, it is important to simulate ecosystem trend and patterns during regional land use optimization, preventing and controlling the ecological risks of urbanization. Based on land use-land cover (LULC) data for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018, this paper analyzed the evolution of ecosystem types and landscape patterns in this region. A CA-Markov model was used to simulate ecosystem pattern in 2025. The results showed that: (1) the forests, farmland and urban land were the main ecosystem types in the Greater Bay Area in 2018, accounting for 53.99%, 22.67% and 14.51% of the total area, respectively. (2) From 2000 to 2018, the area of farmland, forest, and wetland decreased by 1983 km2, 740 km2 and 278 km2 respectively, and the area of urban and grassland increased by 2896 km2 and 103 km2, respectively. The growth in urban areas came from the conversion of surrounding farmland, woodland and wetland. Due to poor management, portions of woodland degraded to grassland, leading to the growth of the latter. The change rate of ecosystem types in the Greater Bay Area had obvious periodical characteristics. The fastest period of urban expansion was from 2000 to 2005, leading to a rapid decline in farmland. The rate of urban expansion and farmland reduction slowed after 2005.The speed of forest reduction accelerated in 2000-2015 and slowed down in 2015-2018. The grassland area increased from 2000 to 2015, with a slow growth rate from 2000 to 2010 and a rapid growth rate from 2010 to 2015, then decreased from 2015 to 2018. From 2000 to 2018, the wetland area continued declining with the same speed. (3) Under the effects of demographic urbanization and LULC urbanization, the landscape pattern changed significantly. Fragmentation and separation increased, and the diversity and evenness of the landscape decreased. The Contagion index (CONTAG) increased and the Division index (DIVISION) increased, indicating that the fragmentation and heterogeneity of the landscape increased. The largest patches of farmland and forestland were destroyed, and the Number of Patches index (NP) increased. Urban patches showed a spreading growth, while the urban landscape's degree of fragmentation and separation fell. (4) The ecosystem pattern in 2025 was simulated based on a CA-Markov model, and the accuracy test was carried out by comparison with the actual data in 2015; the Kappa coefficient was 0.94. Compared with 2018, the urban area is projected to increase by 609 km2, extending outward along the larger urban patches, mainly in Guangzhou, Dongguan and Foshan prefectures. The area of farmland and forest ecosystem is projected to decrease by 309 km2 and 316 km2, respectively. The areas of grassland ecosystem and wetland ecosystem are projected to remain unchanged. Based on the change and simulation of ecosystem patterns in the Greater Bay Area, it was found that the farmland protection red line, ecological protection red line and the protection of important ecological space integrity (all national policies) played important roles in reducing the ecological risk of urbanization in a rapidly urbanizing region. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Demarcation and administration of watershed ecological protection red line considering the ecological security pattern-A case of the Qilu Lake watershed, Yunnan Province

Demarcation and administration of watershed ecological protection red line considering the ecological security pattern-A case of the Qilu Lake watershed, Yunnan Province

Study on the ecological protection redline (EPR) demarcation process and the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the EPR zone: A case study on the city of Qiqihaer in China

Abstract Although ecosystem service values (ESVs) have been widely used in recent decades, the spatiotemporal changes in ESVs and their hotspots that are based on the demarcation of ecological protection redlines (EPRs) are not well understood. This study was intended to estimate the changes in ESVs in an EPR using land-use data from 2000 and 2010 as well as other related data such as meteorological and statistical data in Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang, China. The results showed that the EPR zone in the study area was 9071.29 km2, accounting for 21% of the total study area. The EPR zone was mainly in the eastern, western and central southern regions of the study area. The main land-use type was cropland, which accounted for 59.69% and 59.80% of total area of the EPR in 2000 and 2010, respectively. From 2000 to 2010, the areas of wetland and water within the EPR decreased, while the areas of cropland, grassland, forestland, construction land and unused land increased. During this 10-year period, the ESV of the EPR zone decreased by 13.48 million yuan (RMB). Among the various ecosystems, forestland, cropland and wetland were systems with ecosystem services, and their values accounted for 86.21% (2000) and 86.27% (2010) of the total ESV. Among the ESVs, the values of climate regulation (CL), water regulation (WA) and waste treatment (WT) were the highest, accounting for approximately 17% of the total value, followed by soil formation and retention (SFR) and biodiversity (BD). On the whole, the identification of the EPR provides a guideline for the protection and improvement of the geographical ecosystem and is the foundation for building a healthy structure for ecological development.

The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Firm Export: Evidence from China’s Ecological Protection Red Line Policy?

China conducted a comprehensive overhaul of its environmental regulation as of April 2014. The regulation, which calls for a holistic approach to protect the environment, is also called the “Ecological Protection Red Line” (Red Line). It sets comprehensive standards for pollutants and mandates provinces to implement the regulations. The Porter and pollution haven hypotheses were tested for the impact of the Red Line on firm exports using a sample of Chinese A-share firms from 2011 to 2017. Our findings are consistent with the Porter hypothesis. The implementation of the Red Line has a positive impact on a firm’s exports. The findings are robust to alternative metrics of exports and different sub-samples. A firm’s innovation activities (in terms of research and development investments) and production efficiency were found to be the transmission channels, corroborating the underlying logic of the Porter hypothesis. Policy implications are discussed.

Simulation and prediction of Shanghai urban spatial change based on random forest and CA-Markov model

Abstract. In the context of rapid urbanization, accurate assessment of urban expansion has become increasingly important for urban sustainable development, and smart growth theory has been put forward to avoid urban sprawl. Previous studies about urban expansion simulation focused only on ecological constrain which prevent urban growth from developing in specific regions. However, government decision-making and urban planning greatly influence urban development and limit the disorderly expansion of the urban. In this paper, we consider planning policies into urban simulation and uses the ecological protection red line, farmland protection red line and cultural protection control line as limiting factors for future urban simulation. Choosing Shanghai as the study area, we integrated Random Forests Algorithm (RFA), Markov chain and Cellular Automata (CA) to simulate urban expansion in 2015, and further predict the urban expansion in 2020, 2025 and 2030. The results show that the overall accuracy of urban land use simulation in 2015 is 93.86%, and the kappa coefficient is 0.8577. The model has a good simulation effect. Furthermore, the predicted results in 2020, 2025 and 2030 show that the urban land area in Shanghai is still increasing, and the spatial distribution of urban land has obvious circle structure and regional differences. The urban areas within 10km from the city center are growing slowly, and the region within 30km from the city center is growing faster, and there are more new urban points from 2025 to 2030. But in the area 30km away from the city center, different administrative areas show different urban growth phenomena. Among them, there are a large number of new urban points in the junction area between Songjiang District and Jinshan District, which may be the focus of future urban development planning in Shanghai. The proposed model and the results can help planners study the evolution of urban patterns and develop further urban planning.

Spatial planning of Qingyun Mountain scenic spot in Benxi, Northeast China based on ecological sensitivity assessment.

The ecological environment protection and utilization of forestland scenic spot is fundamental for the development of scenic spot tourism. In this study, an ecological sensitivity evaluation index system was established based on environmental factors and protection needs. The combined weights were obtained by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight methods. The ecological sensitivity of the Qingyun Mountain scenic spot in Benxi was evaluated by GIS technique, and the spatial planning of the scenic spot was formulated. The results showed that the high-sensitive, sensitive, low-sensitive and non-sensitive areas accounted for 9.2%, 60.2%, 22.7% and 7.9% of the total area of Qingyun Mountain scenic spot, respectively. According to the ecological characteristics and ecological protection red line of Qingyun Mountain, the scenic area could be divided into three parts, including restricted development zone, moderate development zone, and tourism development zone. Combined with the spatial distribution of natural and cultural resources, the spatial planning of "two axis and six areas" in the scenic spot was formulated. In view of the resource utilization status and existing problems in each zone, we proposed corresponding tourism development planning strategies. Our results could provide a more scientific and effective planning path for the spatial planning of forestland scenic spots.

Spatial Patterns and Driving Forces of Conflicts among the Three Land Management Red Lines in China: A Case Study of the Wuhan Urban Development Area

The delimitation of three land management red lines (LMRLs), which refers to urban growth boundaries (UGBs), ecological protection redlines (EPRs), and basic farmland protection zones (BFPZs), has been regarded as a control method for promoting sustainable urban development in China. However, in many Chinese cities, conflicts extensively exist among the three LMRLs in terms of spatial partitioning. This study clarifies the connotation of conflicts among the three LMRLs. Moreover, a red line conflict index (RLCI) is established to characterize the intensity of conflicts among the three LMRLs. The Wuhan Urban Development Area (WUDA) is used for a case study, in which the spatial patterns of the three types of conflicts among the three LMRLs (i.e., conflicts between EPRs and BFPZs, EPRs and UGBs, and UGBs and BFPZs) are analyzed through numerous spatial statistical analysis methods (including spatial autocorrelation, urban-rural gradient, and landscape pattern analyses). In addition, the driving forces of these conflicts are identified from the perspectives of natural physics, socioeconomic development, neighborhood, policy and planning using three binary logistic regression models. Results show that the conflicts between EPRs and BFPZs, EPRs and UGBs, and UGBs and BFPZs are mainly distributed on the edge of the WUDA, inside Wuhan’s third circulation line, and at the urban–rural transition zone, respectively. The patch of conflict between BFPZs and UGBs has the lowest aggregation degree, the highest fragmentation degree, and the most complex shape. Logistic regression results show that the combination and relative importance of driving factors vary in the three types of conflicts among the three LMRLs. In the conflict between EPRs and BFPZs, the distance to city centers is the most important influencing factor, followed by the proportion of ecological land and elevation. In the conflict between UGBs and EPRs, the proportion of construction land, the distance to city centers, and whether the land unit is within the scope of a restricted development zone are the three most important factors. The proportion of construction land, the distances to the Yangtze and Han Rivers, and the proportion of cultivated land significantly influence the conflict between UGBs and BFPZs. This study aids in our understanding of the causes and mechanisms of conflicts among the three LMRLs, and provides important information for the “integration of multi-planning” and land management in Wuhan and similar cities.

基于生态系统服务价值损益的生态安全格局演变分析——以辽宁沿海瓦房店市为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于生态系统服务价值损益的生态安全格局演变分析——以辽宁沿海瓦房店市为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201809071916 作者: 作者单位: 辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41571122）；辽宁省教育厅项目（H201783631，WQ2019020）；辽宁省自然科学基金（20180551194）；辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目（L17CJY003）；辽宁省社科联2019经济社会发展立项项目（2019lslktjd-014）；辽宁师范大学校博士启动（BS2018L007） The evolution of ecological security pattern based on the profit and loss analysis of ecosystem services: taking Wafangdian County as a case Author: Affiliation: Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development of Liaoning Normal University,,Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development of Liaoning Normal University,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态系统服务是区域生态安全的底线，科学评估其价值变化是合理规划区域土地利用和构建生态安全格局的重要基础，既有研究尚未综合评估多种生态系统服务来判定区域生态基底，目前开展的静态评价也难以反映区域生态安全格局动态变化过程。以辽宁沿海地区——瓦房店市为例，综合运用CASA、RUSLE等模型，并结合生态经济法对2000年和2014年生态系统服务价值进行了科学评估，并依据评估结果构建研究区两期生态安全格局。结果表明：①14年间，除营养物质循环变化不明显外，其余各项生态系统服务价值均呈现不同幅度的损失，其中以水源涵养价值下降趋势最为明显。各土地利用类型来看，林地生态系统服务价值损失达8.74亿元，占损失总量的40%，为各地类之首；②两期单位面积生态系统服务价值均呈现出水域（含海域）高于陆地，山地高于平地的空间分布，且这种不均匀分布趋势在2014年更为明显；③两期生态源地面积分别为1111.40 km2和356.96 km2，生态廊道总长度分别为136.63 km和231.43 km，呈环状分布于源地之间的生态系统服务价值高值谷内。生态系统服务价值的损益情况可对区域生态安全格局构建产生重要影响，研究结果可为瓦房店市城市开发边界与生态保护红线划定提供科学参考。 Abstract:Ecosystem services are the baseline of regional ecological security. Scientific assessment of their value changes is a basis for rationally planning of the regional land use and constructing ecological security pattern. The existing studies did not comprehensively evaluate various ecosystem services to determine regional ecological basements. The current static assessments failed to reflect the dynamic process of regional ecological security patterns. Hence, using CASA, RUSLE, and other models, as well as the ecological economic method, we evaluated the ecosystem service value in Wafangdian County, Liaoning coastal area in 2000-2014. Then, the two-stage ecological security pattern was constructed based on the scientific assessment. The results are as follows:①during the 14 years, except for the inconspicuous change of nutrient recycling value, the other ecosystem service values have showed different degrees of loss, especially for water source conservation value with the worst decline of 44%. In terms of land use type, the value of forestland ecosystem services lost 874 million Yuan, up to 40% of the total loss. ② For the ecosystem services per unit value of the study area in the two periods, water area (including sea) was higher than land, but mountain was higher than flatlands. This uneven spatial distribution was more obvious in 2014. ③ The ecological source areas in 2000 and 2014 were 1111.40 km2 and 356.96 km2, respectively. The total length of the corridors were 136.63 km and 231.43 km. The ring-like corridors were distributed in the high value valley of ecosystem service value among the source areas. The profit and loss of ecosystem service value have an impact on the construction of the regional ecological security pattern. The results can provide a scientific guideline for the delineation of urban development boundary and ecological protection red line in Wafangdian. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

生态系统服务研究在生态红线政策保护成效评估中的应用

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 生态系统服务研究在生态红线政策保护成效评估中的应用 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201801180133 作者: 作者单位: 长江水资源保护科学研究所,长江水资源保护科学研究所,长江水资源保护科学研究所,长江水资源保护科学研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划课题（2017YFC0505302）；水利部预算项目（H017002） Application of ecosystem services research on a protection effectiveness evaluation of the ecological redline policy Author: Affiliation: Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute Fund Project: National Key Research and Development Program of China（2017YFC0505302）；Budget Project of Ministry of Water Resources（H017002） 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态保护红线政策是中国推进生态保护与建设的宏观政策，其保护成效评估是国内外关注的重大科学问题。在分析国内外生态系统服务研究进展及中国生态保护红线内涵、划定进程及管控要求的基础上，结合生态红线政策与生态系统服务研究的关联及生态系统服务研究在红线政策保护成效评估应用中面临的挑战，提出了红线政策实施效果评估的技术框架和基本思路。开展生态红线政策保护成效评估，能从科学上明确生态红线政策实施对多尺度利益相关者成本、效益的影响，为生态红线政策的综合研究提供框架和科学方法；从政策设计上，为生态红线布局进一步优化提供依据；从制度建设上，提出符合生态红线政策实施的制度框架，推动生态保护红线制度建设由理论走向实践。 Abstract:The ecological redline policy (ERP) is a key macro-level policy to manage different land-use functions in accordance with development and environmental limits. The effectiveness of the ERP is a central scientific question for both domestic and international concerns on sustainable development. In this study, we first analyzed the domestic and international progress of ecosystem services research and the connotation, demarcation process, and management requirements of China's ecological protection redline. We then proposed the technical framework and the basic ideas for an effectiveness evaluation of the ERP based on the analysis of the connection between the ERP and ecosystem services research and the challenges of the application of ecosystem services for the effectiveness evaluation of the ERP. We proposed to conduct a comprehensive policy analysis using field surveys and monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, questionnaires, and scenario simulations to evaluate the effectiveness of the ERP with the aims of 1) scientifically clarifying the impact of the ERP on the multi-scale stakeholders' costs and benefits to assess the protection efficiency of the ERP and to provide a framework and scientific method for the comprehensive study of the ERP; 2) simulating ecosystem services outcomes under alternative scenarios and provide the scientific basis for further optimization of the redline layout from a policy design standpoint; and 3) propose an institutional framework that complies with the implementation of the ERP from the point of institutional construction, to move institutional reforms from theory to practice. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

生物多样性维护生态保护红线划定方法对比

生物多样性维护生态保护红线划定方法对比

基于遥感和GIS技术的城区生态保护红线识别及其生态资产评估研究

基于遥感和GIS技术的城区生态保护红线识别及其生态资产评估研究

China's Environment on a Metacoupled Planet

China has emerged as a global economic powerhouse after four decades of unprecedented growth. Such growth has generated many environmental challenges with enormous ecological, socioeconomic, and health consequences in China and beyond. Although the overall quality of air and water is starting to improve, both are still below national and international standards. Water shortages are widespread. Biodiversity continues to decline. China is the world's top CO2emitter, although per capita emissions are much lower than those of developed counties. On the positive side, large national conservation programs have been implemented, including the Natural Forest Conservation Program, the Grain-to-Green Program, Ecosystem Functional Conservation Areas, and Ecological Protection Redlines. More than 2,750 nature reserves have been established and a new national park system is being constructed. Some endangered and threatened species, such as the giant panda, are showing signs of recovery, and forest cover and some ecosystem services have increased. These mixed environmental outcomes result from human-nature interactions within China as well as between China and adjacent and distant countries. These include increasing rapid economic growth, resource consumption, land use change, trade and investment, and conservation and development policies. We suggest systems approaches such as nexus approaches and flow-centered governance to help China achieve ecological civilization and become an environmental leader on a metacoupled planet.

Construction of Ecological Protection Red Line and Integration Ecological Network in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Under the background of the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, promoting the integration of ecological environment is a meaningful way to solve the problems of regional environment and strengthen regional ecological protection, and it is also a critical support and guarantee for the regional coordinated development. This paper analyzes the implementation of the ecological red line system in China based on the outstanding natural and human ecological resources of these three provinces of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, draws on the experience of the European Natura 2000 ecological network, and puts forward the idea and framework for the further construction of the regional ecological network on the basis of the delimit of the ecological red line of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to provide reference for the ecological environment.

China integrating conservation areas into red lines for stricter and unified management

In response to drastic land use changes and inefficient management, in 2015 the Chinese government launched a strategic project entitled the Delineation and Defense of Ecological Protection Red Lines (EPRLs). The purpose of EPRLs was to integrate all conservation areas into a system of unified and strict management. This report introduces the background, content, and management policies of the EPRLs system. EPRLs are either those natural spaces with the greatest importance or the most vulnerability and sensitivity, and they are the minimum area needed for the maintenance of national ecological security. The Guidance for Delineation of EPRLs identified the scope of development prohibited zones and other areas under protection, and assessed areas with important ecological functions, vulnerability or sensitivity. Provincial governments are currently carrying out the delineation of EPRLs and will eventually issue and execute the scheme of EPRLs, while the central government is drafting a complete set of management policies including permitted industrial activity, monitoring and regulation, and ecological compensation.