Ecological Protection Red Line Research Articles

A Comparative Study of Various Land Use and Land Cover Change Models to Predict Ecosystem Service Value

Ecosystem services are closely related to human well-being and are vulnerable to high-intensity human land-use activities. Understanding the evolution of land use and land cover (LULC) changes and quantifying ecosystem service value (ESV) are significant for sustainable development. In this study, we used land use and land cover data and other data from 2000 to 2020 to analyze the evolution of land use and land cover and ESV in Tongliao, China. With the goal of exploring the characteristics of different cellular automata (CA)-based models, CA-Markov, Future Land Use Simulation (FLUS), and Patch-generating Land Use Simulation (PLUS) models were used to simulate future land use and land cover, and the results were verified and compared. Considering the impacts of policies for capital farmland (CF) and ecological protection red line (EPRL) in the context of territorial spatial planning, four scenarios (inertial development, S1; CF, S2; EPRL, S3; EPRL and CF, S4) were set. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, farmland and built-up land increased the most (341.18 km2 and 220.56 km2), while grassland had the largest decrease (380.08 km2). The main mutual transitions were from grassland and farmland. The total ESV showed a decreasing trend (from 52,364.56 million yuan to 51,620.62 million yuan). The simulation results for 2035 under four scenarios were similar, where farmland would decrease the most (96.81 km2). The ESV in 2035 would decrease from 51,620.62 million yuan to 51,541.12 million. In addition, under scenarios for the impact of policy, the land showed a trend of scattered expansion. This study provides a scientific basis for making regional sustainable development policy decisions and implementing ecological environmental protection measures.

Spatiotemporal pattern and driving forces of ecological carrying capacity during urbanization process in the Dongting Lake area, China

Ecological carrying capacity (ECC) is a key indicator for assessing the sustainable urbanization. The Dongting Lake area, as a national eco-economic zone, is urgently required to focus on the spatiotemporal pattern of ECC based on interactive mechanism of urbanization and ECC, which is revealed through quantitative research method in 2001–2019. The results show the ECC value appeared a fluctuating downward trend from 1.4645 to 0.8527, and the bearing state changed from under-loading to overloading. The bearing states of 17 counties showed spatially higher heterogeneous with Moran’s I value from 0.2635 to 0.3194. Yuanjiang City, Nanxian County and Taojiang County were in an under-loading state and the remaining 14 counties in an overloading state. The spatial distribution pattern displayed an “M”-type spatial differentiation pattern from southwest to northeast, the central region was evidently better than the surrounding regions. The bearing state had a positive global spatial autocorrelation. Spatial distribution of hot spots showed that the central area was a cold spot area, the edge area was a hot spot area, and the peripheral area was a sub-cold and sub-hot area. Factor detector results reveal that the urban population concentration, economic growth, land expansion, technology levels, and government policies were the main driving factors that formed the spatiotemporal pattern of ECC. The results could make up for the research shortcomings of spatiotemporal pattern of ECC, provide support to control ecological protection red line and urban exploitation boundaries, and help Chinese government formulate effective measurements to optimize the spatiotemporal pattern of ECC.

Urbanization and ecological effect in mid-southern Liaoning urban agglomeration, China

China has entered the stage of rapid urbanization since the 1990s, resulting in a series of environmental problems. Based on the nighttime light remote sensing data and land use data from 1995 to 2020, we extracted the compound night light index (CNLI) to measure the urbanization level of mid-southern Liaoning urban agglomeration, evaluated habitat quality by InVEST model. We examined the relationship between urbanization level and habitat quality in mid-southern Liaoning urban agglomeration by using the correlation analysis method and the geographic weighted regression model. The results showed that CNLI increased by 0.14 from 1995 to 2020. The urbanization level increased continuously, with a pattern of "low in the east and high in the west". The habitat quality decreased by 0.005, showing a pattern of "high in the east and low in the west". The ecological environment became worse. There was a significant negative spatial correlation between urbanization level and habitat quality in mid-southern Liaoning urban agglomeration. The negative impact of urbanization level on habitat quality gradually decreased. In order to alleviate habitat degradation caused by urbanization and realize the coordinated and sustainable development of regional social economy, it was urgent to take a series of measures, such as delimiting the ecological protection red line, improving the intensive use of land, delimiting the urban boundary, promoting the coordinated development of regional integration.

Comparison of multimodel simulations of land use and land cover change considering integrated constraints - A case study of the Fuxian Lake basin

The simulation and future prediction of spatial and temporal land use and land cover change (LUCC) have long been the focus (and challenge) of research on land use change and sustainable development. However, the existing research lacks empirical comparisons among different simulation models under the same conditions in the same region; hence, the most accurate simulation results cannot be obtained through the optimal model. In this paper, taking the Fuxian Lake basin as an example, the CA-Markov, FLUS, and PLUS models are adopted to explore the optimal model for simulating LUCC in this basin by integrating restricted areas of LUCC. This study shows the following. (1) The simulation results are more accurate under the joint restrictions of open water, prohibited development zones and ecological protection red lines than under a single restriction. (2) All three models can simulate the LUCC in the Fuxian Lake basin. Among these models, the PLUS model has the highest simulation accuracy in simulating LUCC at the basin scale and offers the best match of land types in terms of their quantity and spatial distribution. (3) The PLUS model can accurately predict the changes of LULC in the Fuxian Lake basin. The results of this study should help decision makers evaluate land use development patterns and provide a reference for the formulation of regional sustainable development policies.

Application of the MaxEnt model in improving the accuracy of ecological red line identification: A case study of Zhanjiang, China

China's Ecological protection Red Lines (ERLs) policy has proven effective in protecting ecological resources, restoring ecosystems and promoting regional ecological civilization. However, the existing methods for identifying high-value ecological conservation land are insufficiently less precise and quantitative, which affects the implementation of the ERL policy. In this study, the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model was introduced into the identification work of ERLs. This paper began with an assessment of the ecological status of Zhanjiang based on the methodology for assessing Ecosystem Services (ESs) function in the “Guidelines for the Delineation of Ecological Protection Red Lines”. On this basis, the MaxEnt model was used to predict the extent of potential high-value ecological protection land through sample training and quantify the contribution of impact factors common to ecological planning work. The following conclusions were obtained: The regional ecosystem of Zhanjiang had a good function of soil and water conservation services and a poor function of windbreak and sand-fixation services. The importance of ESs was strongest in western Leizhou and the southeast coastal region of Xuwen and weakest in Wuchuan and central Xuwen. Among the contributions of influencing factors to identify high-value ecological land, natural factors were the dominant influencing factors, and anthropogenic factors were the secondary influencing factors. Meteorological factors represented by dryness made the greatest information contribution to identifying high-value ecological protection land at 42.0%, followed by surface vegetation biomass (represented by NPP) at 37.1%. The remaining impact factors contributed less than 10.0%, and the distance from the road factor contributed 0 in this prediction. The MaxEnt model, when applied to the delineation of ERLs, has been proven to be effective in improving the accuracy of identifying high-value ecological land and discovering areas with conservation value that traditional assessment methods have overlooked. It will help to provide a reasonable basis for the identification of ERLs and promote the implementation of ERL policy.

基于DTTD-MCR-PLUS模型的三生空间格局优化-以长沙市为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于DTTD-MCR-PLUS模型的三生空间格局优化——以长沙市为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202105291413 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（51876087）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（U1867221）；南华大学博士科研启动基金（190XQD047）；湖南省教育厅课题（18C0418） Optimization of “production-living-ecological” spaces based on DTTD-MCR-PLUS Model: Taking Changsha City as an example Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:优化三生空间格局有助于实现区域国土空间可持续高质量发展。研究提出利用动态交通时间数据优化最小阻力成本模型指标体系，对生态累计最小阻力与生活最小累计阻力差值进行聚类分析，利用突变点对各情景下的三生空间数量进行优化，从生活扩张、生态优先及基于资源与环境承载力视角下的粮食安全3个方面，提出了一种基于DTTD-MCR-PLUS的三生空间格局优化方法。研究发现：（1）基于动态数据优化的长沙市生态功能优化分区结果显示生态空间保护核心区面积为4111.41 km2，生态空间保护边缘区面积为2285.29 km2，生产空间开发重点区面积为2144.79 km2，生产空间开发边缘区面积为1928.59 km2，生活空间扩张集中区面积为1235.55 km2；（2）耦合DTTD-MCR-PLUS模型模拟的多情景结果表明：生活优先情景下，生活空间面积增幅高达43.57%，主要分布在望城区南部，长沙县西部和雨花区东部；生态优先情景下，生态空间转出速度最低，与生活优先情景相比下降了3.11%；粮食安全情景下，生产空间侵占生态空间速度加快，增幅高达58.79%；（3）协调基本农田、生态保护红线、以及自然保护区下的2030年长沙市三生空间格局优化布局方案结果表明：生产空间、生活空间和生态空间比例分别为37.63%、7.67%和54.70%。 Abstract:Optimizing the spatial pattern of "production-living-ecological" spaces is conducive to achieving regional sustainable and high-quality development. This study introduced a methodology for optimizing the spatial pattern of "production-living-ecological" spaces, called DTTD-MCR-PLUS. Considering the spatial heterogeneity of land expansion costs, the Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) method and mutation detection were applied to conduct quantity optimization in "production-living-ecological" spaces, and a patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model was used to reflect its spatial distribution under three different scenarios containing food security, ecological priority and production priority. Furtherly, the dynamic traffic time data (DTTD) was innovatively introduced to portray living and ecological space expansion cost. The research found that:(1) After the ecological function optimization zoning, the core protection area of Changsha's ecological space was 4111.41 km2, the edge protection area of ecological space was 2285.29 km2, the key area of production space was 2144.79 km2, and the area of production space was 1928.59 km2. In addition, the area of the concentrated living space expansion area was 2570.99 km2. (2) The multi-scenario results simulated by the coupled DTTD-MCR-PLUS model revealed that:under the living priority scenario, the living space area increased by 43.57%, which was mainly distributed in the southern part of the urban area, the western part of Changsha County, and the eastern part of Yuhua District. Under the ecological priority scenario, the land transition-out of ecological space is the lowest compared with other scenarios, which was 3.11% lower than that of living priority scenario. Under the food security scenario, the proportion of encroachment of production space into ecological space was accelerated, with an increase of up to 58.79%. (3) The results of coordinating the basic farmland, ecological protection red line, nature protected area, and the optimized Changsha's "production-living-ecological" spaces in 2030 showed that, the proportions of production space, living space and ecological space were 37.63%, 7.67%, and 54.70%, respectively. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Research on Greenway Route Selection of Traditional Villages Based on GIS: A Case Study of Xingtai County, China

Greenway is a green linear corridor connecting scenic spots, residential areas, nature reserves, road traffic, etc. Rational greenway route selection can not only attract tourists to increase the income of local villages, but also arouse people’s awareness of the protection of traditional villages. This paper took Xingtai County, Hebei Province, China as an example to practice greenway route selection in the county territory. Eight factors were selected for greenway route planning, namely elevation, water body, mountain, ecological protection redline, cultural relics protection units, population density, road traffic network, and important transportation hub. These eight factors were assigned in the GIS platform, and the suitability evaluation system of each factor was constructed. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method were combined to calculate the weight of these eight factors. The raster calculator was used to weight and overlay the suitability evaluation system of each factor, and the comprehensive suitability evaluation map of greenway route selection was obtained. Based on an important transport hub, along with the water body and the road traffic, the final selection greenway route of traditional villages in Xingtai county was formed. The results of the research can provide a certain reference for the greenway route selection at the county scale.

福建省生态保护重要性评价

生态保护重要性是表征区域生态系统结构和功能重要性程度的综合指标，确定生态保护空间范围是协调保护与发展、保障生态服务持续供给的基础。在明确福建省生态本底和关键生态问题的基础上，综合分析生态服务功能重要性和生态敏感性，构建福建省生态保护重要性评价指标体系，识别具有重要保护意义的生态极重要地区，能够为优化生态保护策略、划定生态红线和主体功能区划提供技术支持。研究结果表明，福建省生态保护极重要区占福建省陆地总面积的38.94%，生态重要性空间格局基本沿福建省闽西大山带、闽中大山带与海岸带分布，其中生态服务功能极重要区面积为3.96万km²，以生物多样性维护功能和水源涵养功能为主；生态极敏感性区面积占福建省陆地总面积的9.71%，水土流失是主要的生态问题，占福建省陆地总面积的8.93%，土地沙化极敏感区集中在海岸带附近，与海岸侵蚀极敏感区空间范围基本一致。研究建议，生态保护极重要区作为划定生态红线和重点生态功能区的依据，支撑福建省开展有针对性的生态保护，保障和维护生态安全。;The importance of ecological conservation is a comprehensive index that characterizes the structure and function of regional ecosystem.Determining the scope of an important ecological space is the basis for coordinating conservation and development, and ensuring sustainable supply of ecosystem services. Based on the analysis of natural environmental characteristics and the key ecological problems in Fujian Province, an evaluation index system of ecological conservation importance is constructed by comprehensively considering ecosystem service and ecological sensitivity in this study. Thus, the importance of ecological conservation can be assessed. The research can provide effective information for ecological protection and demarcation of ecological red line as well as ecological functional regions. The results show that the extremely important area of ecological conservation in Fujian Province accounts for 38.94% of the total study area. The ecological pattern is basically distributed along the Great Mountain range in western as well as central Fujian and coastal zone. Moreover, the area of extremely important ecological service functions is 39,600 km², mainly for biodiversity maintaining functions and water conservation functions. The area of extremely sensitive region makes up 9.71% of the total land area in Fujian Province where soil erosion is the main ecological problem accounting 8.93% of total area. In addition, the extremely sensitive areas of land desertification and costal erosion are concentrated near the coastal zone. The evaluation methods of the paper are expected to provide a theoretical basis to carry out ecological protection and achieve sustainable development in Fujian Province. The results suggest that the extremely important areas act as the basis for delineation of ecological protection red line and major functional ecological zones which should be protected strictly to maintain ecological security.

全国重要生态功能区生物多样性保护成效区域对比评估

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 全国重要生态功能区生物多样性保护成效区域对比评估 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202105081205 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500204);国家自然科学基金(42001266) Regional comparative evaluation of biodiversity conservation effectiveness in National Important Ecological Function Areas Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:国家重要生态功能区是国家主体功能区战略实施和生态保护红线划定的基础,关系到全国乃至全球范围的生态安全。开展大尺度生物多样性保护成效区域对比评估对促进物种栖息地科学管理、提升国家生物多样性保护水平具有较为重要的意义。本研究以2015年《全国生态功能区划》修编版划定的24个生物多样性保护生态功能区为研究对象,选取生态功能区内或邻近生态功能区的国家级自然保护区核心区作为参照区,利用InVEST模型计算多年参照区生境质量指数,并从中筛选出最大值,构建全国尺度的生境质量指数参照基准,在此基础上,采用空间叠加分析方法建立保护成效指数,定量分析了24个重要生态功能区生物多样性保护成效空间对比差异。研究结果表明:(1)基于参照基准的生物多样性保护成效区域对比评估方法可以较好地应用于全国尺度,全国重要生态功能区生境质量指数参照基准呈现明显的"西北低,东南高"的分布格局,而重要生态功能区生物多样性保护成效则表现出"西北高,东南低"的空间差异;(2)位于华东和华南地区的重要生态功能区生态环境本底状况较好,东北和华中地区的重要生态功能区居中,而西北和西南地区的重要生态功能区生态环境本底状况较差;(3)2015年西北和西南地区的重要生态功能区生境质量指数基本与参照基准持平,表现为生物多样性保护成效较好,华中和华南地区的重要生态功能区生境质量指数小幅度低于参照基准,体现保护效果居中,保护效果较差的重要生态功能区则位于东北与华东地区,其生境质量指数大幅度低于参照基准。通过对全国尺度重要生态功能区生物多样性保护成效区域对比评估,为进一步完善国家生物多样性保护成效的绩效考评机制和转移支付提供科学依据。 Abstract:National Important Ecological Function Areas are the basis of implementing national main function area strategy and drawing ecological protection red line, which closely linked to the ecological security on a national and even global scale. It is of great significance to promote scientific management of species habitat and improve the national biodiversity level by spatial comparative assessment of biodiversity conservation effectiveness. In this study, the 24 ecological function areas for biodiversity conservation, which originated from the revised version of the National Ecological Function Zoning during 2015, were used for spatial comparative assessment. The core area of the national nature reserve inside or nearest the ecological function area was selected as the reference area, and the multi-year habitat quality index of reference area were calculated based on the InVEST model. Then, the maximum value of the multi-year habitat quality index as the habitat quality index reference at the national scale. Ultimately, the conservation effectiveness index was established by spatial overlay analysis method, and the spatial comparison differences of biodiversity conservation effectiveness were quantitatively analyzed in 24 important ecological function areas at national scale. The results showed that:(1) the regional comparative evaluation method of biodiversity conservation effectiveness based on reference can be better applied to the national scale. The distribution pattern of habitat quality index showed "low in the northwest and high in the southeast" for the reference area, while the biodiversity conservation effect presented "high in the northwest and low in the southeast" in the important ecological function zones. (2) the ecological environment background (reference) of ecological function areas in the East China and South China was better than the Northeast and Central China, and the ecological environment background of ecological function areas in the Northwest and Southwest was the worst; (3) the total habitat quality index of important ecological function zones was almost the same as the reference in the Northwest and Southwest, in other words, the biodiversity conservation was more effectively in these zones. The habitat quality index of important ecological function zones in the Central China and South China was slightly less than the reference, reflecting the conservation effectiveness was negative in these zones. The ecological function areas with the worst conservation effectiveness were located in the Northeast and East China, and their habitat quality index were significantly less than the reference. The results of the biodiversity conservation effectiveness in ecological function areas of national scale can provide a scientific basis for further improving the performance evaluation mechanism and transfer payment for the biodiversity conservation effectiveness. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Protection Effect and Vacancy of the Ecological Protection Redline: A Case Study in Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China

The Ecological Protection Redline (EPR) is an innovative measure implemented in China to maintain the structural stability and functional security of the ecosystem. By prohibiting large-scale urban and industrial construction activities, EPR is regarded as the “lifeline” to ensure national ecological security. It is of great practical significance to scientifically evaluate the protection effect of EPR and identify the protection vacancies. However, current research has focused only on the protection effects of the EPR on ecosystem services (ESs), and the protection effect of the EPR on ecological connectivity remains poorly understood. Based on an evaluation of ES importance, the circuit model, and hotspot analysis, this paper identified the ecological security pattern in Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), analyzed the role of EPR in maintaining ES and ecological connectivity, and identified protection gaps. The results were as follows: (1) The ecological sources were mainly distributed in mountainous areas of the GBA. The ecological sources and ecological corridors constitute a circular ecological shelter surrounding the urban agglomeration of the GBA. (2) The EPR effectively protected water conservation, soil conservation, and biodiversity maintenance services, but the protection efficiency of carbon sequestration service and ecological connectivity were low. In particularly, EPR failed to continuously protect regional large-scale ecological corridors and some important stepping stones. (3) The protection gaps of carbon sequestration service and ecological connectivity in the study area reached 1099.80 km2 and 2175.77 km2, respectively, mainly distributed in Qingyuan, Yunfu, and Huizhou. In future EPR adjustments, important areas for carbon sequestration service and ecological connectivity maintenance should be included. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the protection effects of EPR on ecological structure and function, and it has produced significant insights into improvements of the EPR policy. In addition, this paper proposes that the scope of resistance surface should be extended, which would improve the rationality of the ecological corridor simulation.

Construction of a Territorial Space Classification System Based on Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Land Use and Its Superior Territorial Space Functions and Their Dynamic Coupling: Case Study on Qionglai City of Sichuan Province, China.

Territorial space classification (TSC) provides the basis for establishing systems of national territory spatial planning (NTSP) and supervising their implementation in China, thus has important theoretical and application significance. Most of the current TSC research is related to land use/land cover classification, ignoring the connection of the NTSP policies and systems, failing to consider the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior territorial space functions (TSFs) and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs on the result of TSC. In this study, we integrated the factors influencing the connection of NTSP policies and systems and established a theoretical framework system of TSC from the perspective of spatial form and functional use. By integrating the -statistic method with spatiotemporal geographical analysis, we propose a method to construct a TSC system for Qionglai City of Sichuan Province in China based on the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior TSFs and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs. It makes up for the deficiency of directly taking land use/land cover classification as TSC and solves the problems of ignoring the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior TSFs and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs. Using this method, we found that the TSC of Qionglai City consists of 3, 7, and 14 first-, second-, and third-level space types, respectively. The key findings from this study are that land use superior TSFs show spatiotemporal heterogeneity in Qionglai, and coupling effects in spatial distribution were noted between land use types and their superior TSFs, as was temporal heterogeneity in the coupling degree and the structure of the TSFs corresponding to the land use types, which show obvious dynamics and non-stationarity of the functional structure. These findings confirm the necessity of considering the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior TSFs and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs in TSC. This method of establishing a TSC system can be used to address a number of NTSP and management issues, and three examples are provided here: (a) zoning of urban, agricultural, and ecological space; (b) use planning of production, living and ecological space; (c) delimitation of urban development boundary, permanent basic farmland protection redline, and ecological protection redline.

Conflicts between agricultural and ecological functions and their driving mechanisms in agroforestry ecotone areas from the perspective of land use functions

In the context of ecological civilization and food security, identifying and easing conflicts between agricultural and ecological functions are crucial for managing and optimizing territorial space patterns. However, exploring driving mechanisms for conflict changes is relatively rare, and the attention for conflicts between agricultural and ecological functions in the agroforestry ecotone area is limited. Taking Hangzhou, a typical agroforestry ecotone area as an example, this study included resident behavior factors to construct a multi-criteria evaluation system for assessing agricultural and ecological functions during 2000–2019, and probed their conflicts by using an empirical model. Geographic detector model was applied to explore driving factors associated with conflict changes and effects of their interactions on conflict changes. The results showed that agricultural function was strong in the northeastern plain areas and weak in the southwestern mountains areas, and ecological function was opposite to it. Conflict between agricultural and ecological functions became strengthened during 2000–2019. The stronger conflict area had high contiguous degree in the southwestern mountains areas in 2000–2010, and it was mainly distributed in the northern hilly areas and northeastern plain areas in 2010–2019. Among twelve driving factors, ecological protection red line had the greatest impact on conflict changes in 2000 and 2010, and rural settlement density was strongest in 2019. Interaction relationships of all driving factors were bivariate enhanced or nonlinear enhanced. The interaction effect of ecological protection red line and basic farmland protection red line in 2000 was greatest, while that of ecological protection red line and rural settlement density in 2010 and 2019 was the greatest one. This study provides a reference for mitigating conflicts between agricultural and ecological functions in the agroforestry ecotone area and similar areas, and further promotes the coordinated development of territorial space.

Remotely Sensed Ecological Protection Redline and Security Pattern Construction: A Comparative Analysis of Pingtan (China) and Durban (South Africa)

The unprecedented regional urbanization has brought great pressure on the ecological environment. Building an ecological security pattern and guide regional land and space development is an important technique to ensure regional ecological security and stability to achieve sustainable development. In this study, the Pingtan Island of China and the Durban city of South Africa were chosen as case study area for a comparative study of different scales. The importance of ecosystem services and ecological sensitivity were evaluated, respectively. The core area of landscape which is vital for ecological function maintenance was extracted by morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and landscape connectivity analysis. Furthermore, the ecological sources were determined by combining the results of ecological protection redline delimitation and core area landscape extraction. The potential ecological corridors were identified based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, and the ecological security pattern of study areas was constructed. The results showed that the ecological protection redline areas of Pingtan and Durban were 42.78 km2 and 389.07 km2, respectively, which were mainly distributed in mountainous areas with good habitat quality. Pingtan ecological security pattern is composed of 15 ecological sources, 16 ecological corridors, 10 stepping stone patches and 15 ecological obstacle points. The total length of corridors is 112.23 km, which is radially distributed in the form of “one ring, three belts”. The ecological security pattern of Durban is composed of 15 ecological sources, 17 ecological corridors, 11 stepping stone patches and 18 ecological obstacle points. The total length of corridors is 274.25 km, which is radially distributed in the form of “two rings and three belts”. The research results can provide an important reference for the land space construction planning and ecological restoration projects in Pingtan and Durban.

Ecological Functions and Human Activity Interference Evaluation in Ecological Protection Redline for Urban Environment

The influences of ecological protection redlines on urban sustainable development can significantly vary from place to place with distinct ecological functions and human activity interference. However, recent research lacks the evaluation of ecological functions and human activity interference in ecological protection redline areas near urban areas. This article presents an evaluation method consisting of two evaluation criteria systems: an ecological function evaluation criteria system based on conserving water resources and soil and maintaining biodiversity and a human activity interfer- ence evaluation criteria system based on the human activity impact index, population and road network density, and the intensity of tourism activity and livelihood sewage discharge. This evaluation method was verified in Zoige County, China, by using remote sensing data to evaluate ecological functions and human activity interference in the ecological redline area for an urban environment. This evaluation method is one of the preliminary studies of urban sustainable develop- ment planning, and the result could provide a basis for the formulation of urban sustainable development strategy.

Construction and case verification of rural environmental value-added evaluation system

How to solve the contradiction between development needs and environmental protection has become the difficulty and focus of rural grass-roots government governance. In this paper, from the two dimensions of information interaction and energy flow, based on the calculation of environmental value-added, a new rural environment environmental value-added model is established, and the reliability of the model is verified by taking the data of Pingding County in Shanxi Province as an example. The results show that: (1) the accuracy of the information flow environmental value-added model is as high as 95.96%, and the model can be applied to the outdoor environment comfort prediction; (2) the comprehensive index of the relative value-added of the ecological environment is reduced from 0.61 to 0.31, and the value-added situation of the ecological environment is negative in the evaluation period, and the development is unbalanced and unsustainable. The trend of continuous development is in line with the actual local development. By measuring the relationship between the gain effect and the cost input of the ecosystem, the model comprehensively analyzes the potential of land and space development and protection in the future, and provides basic support for improving the strategy of main functional areas, drawing up land spatial planning, scientifically delimiting ecological protection red line, permanent basic farmland and urban development boundary, and exercising unified land space use control and ecological protection and restoration, try to open up a new situation of environment and development

Study on checking the boundary of ecological protection red line: taking Beijing as an example

Study on checking the boundary of ecological protection red line: taking Beijing as an example

Land suitability assessment for supporting transport planning based on carrying capacity and construction demand.

With the rapid global urbanization, the unlimited increasing transportation infrastructure has met the needs of urban expansion, but it has caused a series of ecological problems lacking consideration of ecological conservation. The land suitability assessment for supporting transport planning based on carrying capacity and demand for construction is an effective way to promote urban socioeconomic development and ecological conservation. Therefore, we constructed a logical framework of resources and environment supporting, traffic construction demand driving, and ecological protection red line and basic farmland constraining, and applied the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), GIS, three-dimensional magic cube method, and gravity model to evaluate the suitability of expressway development in Sichuan Province, China. The results showed that the spatial difference in the carrying capacity of resources and environment and the demand for expressway construction was relatively high in Sichuan, and those in eastern cities were even higher. The land suitability for supporting transport planning was relatively high, and the suitable areas with a grade from 8 to 10, accounted for 20.77% of the total study area, which could almost meet the demand for transportation infrastructure construction. The land suitability performed a circle structure with Chengdu as the core and gradually decreasing to the periphery. Overall, this study adds new insights to transport planning reform in other similar regions around the world and can provide important references for regional development planning and environmental protection.

Integrating the ecosystem service in sustainable plateau spatial planning: A case study of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin

The Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YZRB) is a key ecological protection area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Determination of the ecosystem service values (ESVs) can help recognize the benefits of sustainable management. It is gradually becoming the main path that constructs plateau spatial planning of integrating ecological protection, and achieves global sustainable development goals (SDGs) in China. In this paper, the spatio-temporal dynamic evolutions of the ESVs were estimated on the multiple scales of “basin, subbasin and watershed” from 1980 to 2015. The main factors influencing ESVs were explored in terms of physical geography, human activities, and climate change. It had been proposed that sustainable spatial planning including ecological protection, basin management, and regional development was urgent to set up. Our results show that the increase in wetland and forest and results in an increase of 9.4% in the ESVs. Attention should be paid to the reduction of water and grassland. Water conservation (WC), waste treatment (WT), and soil formation and conservation (SFC) are the most important ecosystem services in the YZRB. At present, the primary problem is to solve the ESVs decreasing caused by glacier melting, grassland degradation, and desertification in the upper reaches region. The middle reaches should raise the level of supply services. Regulation services should be increased in the lower reaches region on the premise of protecting vegetation. The ESVs in adjacent watersheds are interrelated and the phenomenon of “high agglomeration and low agglomeration” is obvious, existing hot-spots and cold-spots of ESVs. Additionally, when the altitude is 4500–5500 m, the temperature is 3–8°C, and the annual precipitation is 350–650 mm, ESVs could reach its maximum. A framework of sustainable plateau spatial planning could provide references to delimit the ecological protection red line, key ecological function zone, and natural resource asset accounting on the QTP.

基于生态系统服务重要性和生态敏感性的广东省生态安全格局构建

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于生态系统服务重要性和生态敏感性的广东省生态安全格局构建 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202001080068 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: Constructing ecological security patterns based on ecological service importance and ecological sensitivity in Guangdong Province Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态空间结构合理有序是区域赖以生存和发展的基础和保障，构建省域生态安全格局，优化生态空间结构，有利于提高生态环境的承载力并促进社会经济与生态环境的协同互惠关系，实现可持续发展。以广东省为例，通过重要性-敏感性的生态评估方法识别广东省重要的生态源地，使用最小阻力模型识别重要生态廊道，构建生态安全格局，并对生态空间结构的调整和管控提出策略。结果表明：（1）重要的生态源地面积为54636.77 km2，占广东省国土面积的25.04%；（2）研究所识别的生态源地与广东省生态红线和自然保护地的重合程度较高，在自然保护地和生态源地的基础上共选出87处重要生态源地；（3）广东省生态廊道的总长度为7400 km，廊道周边的主要以林地为主；（4）广东省的生态空间主要以环珠三角生态屏障和外围生态屏障为主，其中环珠三角生态屏障的面积、生态重要性略高于北部生态屏障。所构建的生态安全格局可以为广东省的生态安全保护和可持续发展提供参考，也可以为完整生态保护体系的构建提供政策导向。 Abstract:The reasonable, orderly structure of ecological space is a guarantee for the survival and development of the region. The construction of provincially ecological security pattern and the optimization of ecological space structure are conducive to improving the carrying capacity of ecological environment, promoting the cooperative and reciprocal relationship between social economy and ecological environment to achieve sustainable development. Taking Guangdong Province as an example, this paper identifies the important ecological sources of Guangdong Province by means of the importance-sensitivity ecological assessment method, identifies the important ecological corridors by using the minimal cumulative resistance (MCR) model, constructs the ecological security pattern, and puts forward strategies for the adjustment and control of the ecologically spatial structure. The results showed that: (1) the area of important ecological source was 54636.77 km2, accounting for 25.04% of the land area of Guangdong Province. (2) The ecological sources identified by the institute were highly coincident with the ecological protection red line and natural protection area in Guangdong Province. Eight-seven important ecological sources were selected based on the natural protection area and ecological sources. (3) The total length of ecological corridor in Guangdong Province was 7400 kilometers, and surrounding area of the corridor was mainly woodland. (4) The ecological space of Guangdong Province was mainly surrounded by the ecological barrier around the Pearl River Delta and the peripheral ecological barrier. The area and ecological importance of the ecological barrier around the Pearl River Delta were slightly higher than the peripheral ecological barrier. This research will help protect the key ecological space, and provide a reference for policy-making in order to improve the sustainable development of Guangdong Province. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

基于系统保护理念的弹性生态保护空间划定——以广东省茂名市为例

有效识别生态保护空间对维护区域生物多样性，提升生态系统服务具有重要作用。考虑山水林田湖草系统保护战略需求以及既往弹性生态保护研究不足，基于可持续发展目标下生态保护概念内涵，系统解析弹性生态保护空间的内在要求；立足生态系统服务视角，以沿海特色发展区——广东省茂名市为研究区，在考虑传统重要生态功能的基础上，基于区域特点选取气候调节功能、粮食供给功能、生物保护功能、水源涵养功能、土壤保护功能5项生态系统服务作为保护对象；通过改进的MARXAN模型提取弹性生态保护空间，并对相关结果的有效性进行了验证。研究结果表明：①茂名市各项生态系统服务空间分布存在差异，综合生态系统服务高值区主要分布在北部山区，低值区主要集中在南部城镇建设区；②考虑限制条件和保护成本的系统保护规划方法在生态保护空间划定上具有一定优势，系统保护规划结果与生态保护红线重叠面积1505.02 km²，占生态保护红线面积的83.43%，其余区域主要由林草地类、园地类、耕地类组成，占比分别为45.92%、19.71%、22.24%；③在未来生态保护建设中，应针对系统保护规划内生态红线核心区、一般保护区、基本农田区分别开展生态保护加强管理、生态系统服务综合提升、生态农业建设等多样化整治策略。;Effective identification of important ecological function areas plays an important role in maintaining regional biodiversity and improving ecosystem services. Considering the strategic needs of the systematic conservation of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands and the lack of previous research on flexible ecological protection, this paper systematically analyzed the inherent requirements of flexible ecological protection space based on the concept of ecological protection under the sustainable development goals. Based on the perspective of ecosystem services, the consideration of important ecological functions and regional characteristics, this paper took the coastal characteristic development zone-Maoming City of Guangdong Province as the research area to select five ecosystem services, including climate regulation function, food supply function, biological protection function, water conservation function, and soil protection function as protection objects. This paper has obtained the ecological protection space through improved MARXAN model, and further verified the effectiveness of research results. The research results show that:① there are differences in the spatial distribution of various ecosystem services in Maoming. The high-value areas of comprehensive ecosystem services are mainly distributed in the northern mountainous areas, and the low-value areas are mainly concentrated in the southern urban construction area. ② The systematic conservation planning method which took into account the constraints and the protection costs had certain advantages in the delineation of ecological protection space. The ecological protection red line area in the systematic conservation planning result is 1505.02 km², accounting for 83.43% of the ecological protection red line area. The rest area is mainly composed of forest and grassland, garden land, and cultivated land, accounting for 45.92%, 19.71%, and 22.24%, respectively. ③ In the future ecological protection construction, the diversified remediation strategies such as enhanced management of ecological protection, comprehensive improvement of ecosystem services, and construction of ecological agriculture should be carried out for the core ecological red line, general protected areas, and basic farmland areas in the systematic conservation planning.