Construction of a Territorial Space Classification System Based on Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Land Use and Its Superior Territorial Space Functions and Their Dynamic Coupling: Case Study on Qionglai City of Sichuan Province, China.

Dinghua Ou,Qi Zhang,Jinhu Bian,Xuesong Gao,Shangqi Gong,Ouping Deng,Yijie Wu,Jianguo Xia,Jing Qin

doi:10.3390/ijerph18179052

Abstract

Territorial space classification (TSC) provides the basis for establishing systems of national territory spatial planning (NTSP) and supervising their implementation in China, thus has important theoretical and application significance. Most of the current TSC research is related to land use/land cover classification, ignoring the connection of the NTSP policies and systems, failing to consider the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior territorial space functions (TSFs) and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs on the result of TSC. In this study, we integrated the factors influencing the connection of NTSP policies and systems and established a theoretical framework system of TSC from the perspective of spatial form and functional use. By integrating the -statistic method with spatiotemporal geographical analysis, we propose a method to construct a TSC system for Qionglai City of Sichuan Province in China based on the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior TSFs and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs. It makes up for the deficiency of directly taking land use/land cover classification as TSC and solves the problems of ignoring the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior TSFs and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs. Using this method, we found that the TSC of Qionglai City consists of 3, 7, and 14 first-, second-, and third-level space types, respectively. The key findings from this study are that land use superior TSFs show spatiotemporal heterogeneity in Qionglai, and coupling effects in spatial distribution were noted between land use types and their superior TSFs, as was temporal heterogeneity in the coupling degree and the structure of the TSFs corresponding to the land use types, which show obvious dynamics and non-stationarity of the functional structure. These findings confirm the necessity of considering the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior TSFs and the dynamic coupling between land use and its superior TSFs in TSC. This method of establishing a TSC system can be used to address a number of NTSP and management issues, and three examples are provided here: (a) zoning of urban, agricultural, and ecological space; (b) use planning of production, living and ecological space; (c) delimitation of urban development boundary, permanent basic farmland protection redline, and ecological protection redline.

Highlights

Territorial space, i.e., the geographical space with national sovereignty, is the carrier and location of human production and life, providing the fundamental guarantee for economic and social development, including land and ocean territorial space [1]
We established the corresponding relationships between land use types and territorial space types according to the dominant territorial space functions (TSFs) of each land use type (Figure 4), and so obtained the Territorial space classification (TSC) of Qionglai and its corresponding land use types (Table 5)
Proposed earlier in the study, there was no space for cultural services in the second-level territorial space and no areas of gas regulation and aesthetic landscapes in the third-level territorial space of Qionglai. This is because the degree of coupling and stability of gas regulation and aesthetic landscape, along with their corresponding land use layouts, were not as good as those of the other functions. It shows that the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of land use superior TSFs and the dynamic coupling of land use and its superior TSFs affect the results of TSC

Summary

Introduction

Territorial space, i.e., the geographical space with national sovereignty, is the carrier and location of human production and life, providing the fundamental guarantee for economic and social development, including land and ocean territorial space [1]. Spatial planning is considered an important governance method for managing regional inconsistencies and unsustainable issues [4,5], aiming to optimize the layout of territorial space and enhance the capacity of spatial governance [1,6]. System has been established for territorial space governance, which is considered to be more or less one of the main causes of the series of problems with China’s territorial space governance [7,8]. To solve these issues and unsustainable development problems caused by the lack of spatial planning, China has adopted a number of reform measures (e.g., major institutional reforms, the unified spatial planning system, etc.) and is determined to restructure the existing spatial planning system to improve the national governance capacity [1]. China’s Ministry of Natural Resources issued the Guidelines for Classification of Land and Sea for Territorial Space Investigation, Planning, and Use

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Discussion

Conclusion