Dry Milling Process Research Articles

Production of multifunctional bamboo-based phase change encapsulating material by straightforward dry ball milling

Phase change materials (PCMs) have attracted much attention due to their high energy storage density and thermal efficiency. In this paper, bio-based bamboo flour (BF) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were compounded together as a shape stable phase change material (SSPCM). A novel bamboo-based matrix for packaging organic PCMs was prepared by a simple dry ball milling process. Using the reinforcement of bamboo fiber and the porous characteristics of parenchyma cells, PEG / BF not only has high encapsulation rate, but also has high thermal conductivity. The leakage test results showed that the BF adsorption capacity with longer milling time was improved. The packaging ability of BF on PEG tended to be unchanged after 12 h of milling. The maximum loading of both PEG 4000 and 2000 in SSPCMs was 50 wt%, while PEG 10,000 was 70 wt%. The composites had good shape stability and no leakage defects. FTIR results showed that there was no new diffraction peak in composites appeared indicating that limited chemical reaction happened between BF and PEG. The results of XRD showed that the crystallinity of PEG decreased with the employ of BF. The phase transition temperature of SSPCMs measured by DSC did not depend on the content of BF. The highest melting latent heat of SSPCM was 113 J/g by PEG 10,000/30% BF and the enthalpy efficiency reached 61.08%. Continuous network structure of bamboo fiber in composites improved the thermal conductivity of the PEG/BF. The highest thermal conductivity of PEG 10,000/BF products can reach 0.64 W/m•K. The results of thermal cycle tests and TG also showed that PEG/BF had good thermal and chemical stability. The study proved that the composite had potential application value in solar energy storage combined with other materials such as polymer bamboo composites, bamboo based composites and other bamboo fiber reinforced materials.

An integrative approach enables high bioresource utilization and bioethanol production from whole stillage

Bioethanol is a major biofuel in industry and mainly produced from corn starch with the dry-mill process. However, one of the remaining challenges is how to economically and efficiently exploit the wasted co-products to further improve ethanol production and generate more valuable chemicals. Here, an integrative approach was developed to efficiently utilize the waste cake for ethanol production, accompanied by protein extraction for feed additives. A high-quality protein feed was produced by the ethanol-alkali extraction method (extraction rate up to 46.91%). Notably, by applying two-step chemoenzymatic strategy, the supernatant and solid recycling yield up to 4.1-, 3.8-, and 154-fold improvements of ethanol, glucose, and xylose production, respectively, comparing to non-pretreatment. Moreover, mass balance analysis found this approach significantly contributed 1.74–4.42% (5.96–15.11 kg/ton dry corn) increase of total ethanol production. The gained knowledge about process design holds the potential transferability for other sustainable biowaste management and bioethanol industry.

Tuning of Li-argyrodites ionic conductivity through silicon substitution (Li6+xP1-xSixS5Cl0.5Br0.5) and their electrochemical performance in lithium solid state batteries

Lithium solid state batteries are one of the state of the art energy storage systems due to their high safety. However, ionic conductivity in solid electrolytes is a concern, because at present it does not match the ionic conductivity of non-aqueous Li-ion batteries, thus resulting in sluggish electrochemical kinetics. In this report, we enhance the ionic conductivity of Li-argyrodites (Li6PS5Cl0.5Br0.5) through Si substitution at the P-site using a dry ball milling process. Among the silicon substitutions, Li6.2Si0.2P0.8S5Cl0.5Br0.5 exhibited the high ionic conductivity of 5.12 mS cm−1 compared to pristine Li6PS5Cl0.5Br0.5 at 4.02 mS cm−1. The Rietveld refinement analysis revealed that after silicon substitution, volume of the unit cell gets increased that allows the lithium at T2-site, that promotes the fast Li-ion transport. Moreover, the optimized solid electrolyte was utilized in a solid state battery system, and demonstrated a high initial capacity of 148.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C rate compared to pristine argyrodite (135.1 mAh g−1). Further, we demonstrated the interface phenomena between electrode and solid electrolyte using ex-situ XPS analysis. This confirmed the formation of interface products such as LiCl, Li2S, lithium polysulfides and P2Sx, which influence the cycling stability of the ASSLBs.

Process layout evaluation in the production of ethanol fuel

Due to depletion of petroleum reserves and environmental impact of fossil fuels, an alternative solution is introduced in form of ethanol fuels. Ethanol fuels have promising potential in the transport sector and in the generation of electricity. In addition, very few researches highlighted the production electricity cost of ethanol fuel for the transportation sector. Therefore, this study will focuses on finding the effective process layout in the production of ethanol fuel. The first main objective of this research is to simulate the layout of ethanol fuel plant using DELMIA QUEST software. The second objective is to determine the most efficient process layout in the production of ethanol fuel. The layout of ethanol fuel plant was simulated and the most efficient layout in terms of ethanol production was suggested from the simulation. At the end of this research, the efficient process layout is highlighted between the dry mill and wet mill process layout. It was found that dry mill layout offers lower electricity cost for ethanol production.

Preparation of highly conductive metal doped/substituted Li7P2S8Br(1-x)Ix type lithium superionic conductor for all-solid-state lithium battery applications

Sulfide-based lithium superionic conducting solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries have received much attention due to their high safety, ionic conductivity, and compatibility. However, high-temperature treatment over a long time is needed to achieve high ionic conductivity. In this work, we have prepared the dual-halide-based Li7P2S8X type lithium superionic conductors by dry ball mill process and the high ionic conducting phase was achieved by low temperature (200℃) heat-treatment process. High ionic conducting halogen-halogen composition was arrived at through a series of optimization processes. Among the compositions tested, the Li7P2S8Br0.25I0.75 solid electrolyte exhibited a high ionic conductivity value of 6.16 mS cm−1, at room temperature. The ionic radius of the halogen element played an important role in the formation of the high ionic conducting phase. Further, the ionic conductivity of Li7P2S8I0.75Br0.25 solid electrolyte was improved by metal doping at P-site. The Sn-doped Li7P2S8I0.75Br0.25 solid electrolyte exhibited a high ionic conductivity value of 7.78 mS cm−1, at room temperature. The addition of large-sized Sn atoms extended the crystal lattice parameters and increased the Li-ions transport path. The partial substitution of Sn atoms at P-site was confirmed by NMR and Laser Raman analysis. The electrochemical stability of the prepared solid electrolyte was studied by cyclic voltammetry and DC charge-discharge analysis. The addition of a metal atom to the Li7P2S8Br0.25I0.75 solid electrolyte decreased the side reaction with the Li metals. Thus, low-temperature treated metal-doped Li7P2S8Br0.25I0.75 solid electrolytes are highly favourable for the fabrication of high-performance all-solid-state batteries. The fabricated all-solid-state battery using Sn doped Li7P2S8Br0.25I0.75 solid electrolyte exhibited the high specific capacity value of 170 mAh g−1 (0.1C), at room temperature.

A force model of high-speed dry milling CF/PEEK considering fiber distribution characteristics

Carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) is an emerging material that is widely used in the automotive and aviation industry due to its high shock resistance, thermostability, and recyclability. However, its dry-machining requirement with an unclear dynamic material removal process limits the machining efficiency and surface quality. To this end, we firstly established a two-dimensional joint probability distribution model of cutting carbon fibers based on the microstructure of CF/PEEK. Compared with previous brittle models, the plastic model is verified to be more consistent with experimental results. A high-speed dry (HSD) milling force model considering carbon fiber distribution is then developed and is proofed with a high prediction accuracy of about 92.6%. With the proposed model, the milling force can be separated into forces of cutting carbon fibers and PEEK matrix, by which the influences of high-speed dry milling process on carbon fibers and PEEK matrix can be analyzed. The results show that carbon fiber distribution exhibits a significant impact on milling force and is more easily affected by milling parameters compared with the PEEK matrix. It is also verified feasible to HSD milling CF/PEEK, and the work gives the guidance of breaking the low-speed machining limits by improving the machining process.

Fatty acid composition and bioactivity of Sesbania sesban seed oil

The aim of this study is to estimate the fatty acid composition and bioactivity of extracted seed oil of Sesbania sesban . S. sesban seeds were separated into two parts germ (42.48%) and endosperm with seed coat by a domestic mixer at medium speed by dry milling process. Endosperm with seed coat was separated by treatment with distilled water: ethanol, kept for 2hours, ground with mixer to obtain pure endosperm(26.22%), seed coat(11.33%) & subjected to extraction process viz. hot and cold method with solvent petroleum ether 40-60 ο C. Fatty acids composition was analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography for both soxhlet and cold extract that revealed maximum amount of palmitic acid was found in cold extract of endosperm (50.511%) & in seed coat (30.65%). Oleic acid was found to be maximum in cold extract of powder (48.20%) and in germ (48.67%) but in hot lower than cold. Linoleic acid was found to be more hot than cold methods. The antimicrobial activity of seed oil was done by disk diffusion method. Antibacterial activity has been shown more significant by cold in comparison to hot extracts. Hence, the present study revealed the potentiality of seed oil as a bioactive marker for pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and cosmetics.

The Design and Implementation of Fan Chips as Cooling for Milling Process on Aluminum Alloy 5086 to Increase Tool Life

In the metal machining process, especially in the milling process, the parameters that affect the quality milling process results are cooling media because it affects the tool life used. This paper aims to determine the performance of using fan chips as the coolant in the dry milling process area. The method used is the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method and the experimental milling process on a workpiece made from aluminum alloy 5086. In experimental testing using a variation of the milling machine spindle rotation. The simulation test results on the fluid flow character on fan chips with a protector producing a central character with a small area. In contrast, fan chips without a protector make a central character with a broader area. The wind speed data in simulation testing and experimental testing produced the same trend graph. The results of the performance of fan chips after experimented with variations in spindle rotation, cooling process on area occurs when the motor spindle rotates above 1120 Rpm on the fan chips with a protector, and the engine spindle rotates above 770 Rpm on the fan chips without a protector. The effect of fan chips on tool life affects increasing tool life by 8 minutes on installing fan chips with a protector and increasing tool life by 12 minutes on installing fan chips without a protector.

Automatic Temperature Measurement and Monitoring System for Milling Process of AA6041 Aluminum Aloy using MLX90614 Infrared Thermometer Sensor with Arduino

Manufacturing process of metal part requires real-time temperature monitoring capability to ensure high surface integrity is upheld throughout the machining process. A smart temperature measurement and monitoring system for manufacturing process of metal parts is necessary to meet quality and productivity requirements. A smart temperature measurement can be applied in machining processes of conventional, non-conventional and computer numerical control (CNC) machines. Currently, an infrared fusion based thermometer Fluke Ti400 was employed for temperature measurement in a machining process. However, measured temperature in the form of data list with adjustable time range setting is not automatically linked to the computer for continuous monitoring and data analysis purposes. For this reason, a smart temperature measurement system was developed for a CNC milling operation on aluminum alloy (AA6041) using a MLX90614 infrared thermometer sensor operated by Arduino. The system enables data linkages with the computer because MLX90614 is compatible and linked to Microsoft Exel via the Arduino. This paper presents a work-study on the performance of this Arduino based temperature measurement system for dry milling process application. Here, the Arduino based temperature measurement system captured the workpiece temperature during machining of Aluminum Alloy (AA6041) and data were compared with the Fluke Ti400 infrared thermometer. Measurement results from both devices showed similar accuracy level with a deviation of ± 2 oC. Hence, a smart temperature measurement system was succeesfully developed expanding the scopes of current system setup.

Milling Performance of CFRP Composite and Atomised Vegetable Oil as a Function of Fiber Orientation.

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have found diverse applications in the automotive, space engineering, sporting goods, medical and military sectors. CFRP parts require limited machining such as detouring, milling and drilling to produce the shapes used, or for assembly purposes. Problems encountered while machining CFRP include poor tool performance, dust emission, poor part edge quality and delamination. The use of oil-based metalworking fluid could help improve the machining performance for this composite, but the resulting humidity would deteriorate the structural integrity of the parts. In this work the performance of an oil-in-water emulsion, obtained using ultrasonic atomization but no surfactant, is examined during the milling of CFRP in terms of fiber orientation and milling feed rate. The performance of wet milling is compared with that of a dry milling process. The tool displacement-fiber orientation angles (TFOA) tested are 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The output responses analyzed were cutting force, delamination, and tool wear. Using atomized vegetable oil helps in significantly reducing the cutting force, tool wear, and fiber delamination as compared to the dry milling condition. The machining performance was also strongly influenced by fiber orientation. The interactions between the fiber orientation, the machining parameters and the tested vegetable oil-based fluid could help in selecting appropriate cutting parameters and thus improve the machined part quality and productivity.

An Industrial Scale, Mechanical Process for Improving Pellet Quality and Biogas Production from Hazelnut and Olive Pruning

The effects of a mechanical process on the solid fuel quality and anaerobic biodegradability of hazelnut and olive pruning were determined. The feedstock was treated using a two-stage dry milling process, followed by fractionation into four different products. The coarser products from the processing of both the raw materials, named C and M, were notable for the high reduction in both the ash and nitrogen content. Therefore, for hazelnut, they met the requirement of the EN ISO 17225-2 standard for both the industrial and residential pellets, whereas C and M from olive processing met the requirements only for the industrial pellet. The raw materials and the finest products from processing, named F1 and F2, were anaerobically digested in batch reactors under mesophilic conditions. The F2 product from hazelnut processing reached a methane yield of 118.1 Nm3 tVS−1, corresponding to a +70.1% gain over the untreated substrate, whereas F2 from olive pruning processing reached 176.5 Nm3 tVS−1, corresponding to a methane yield gain of about +93.5% over the untreated raw material. These results suggest that the investigated process could be successfully used to improve the quality of pruning and establish new markets for them.

Rancang Bangun Alat Penyortir Beras Dengan Sistem Penggerak Motor Listrik

Beras merupakan makanan pokok yang paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia yang dihasilkan dari penggilingan gabah kering. Pada proses penggilingan gabah kering terdapat beras yang berbeda bentuk yaitu beras utuh dan tidak utuh. Hal itu disebabkan oleh kualitas padi yang kurang bagus. Dari perbedaan bentuk beras memiliki nilai jual yang lebih tinggi. Beras yang utuh akan lebih mahal dibandingkan beras yang tidak utuh. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penyortiran untuk mendapatkan perbedaan beras. Penelitian ini membuat suatu alat penyotir beras dengan sistem berupa mekanisme engkol peluncur sebagai sistem getaran. Alat ini mempunyai beberapa komponen yang terdiri dari dua mesh dan dua buah turnbuckle eye & eye sebagai pengaturan kemiringan ayakan. Dalam eksperimen kemiringan didapat dua variasi sudut yaitu sudut 10° dan sudut 15°. Pada alat ini menggunakan motor listrik satu phase sebagai penggerak poros engkol peluncur. Sistem transmisi menggunakan pulley dan v-belt yang dari motor listrik satu phase yang diteruskan ke pulley. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan variasi dua sudut dengan kapasitas 10 kg. Pada sudut 15° didapatkan beras murni 69% dengan hasil kurang maksimal karena kemiringan sudut terlalu curam. Sedangkan pada sudut 10° didapatkan hasil beras murni 85% yang mempunyai kemiringan sudut lebih minim sehingga penyortiran beras lebih maksimal.

Development of physical process for quinoa fractionation and targeted separation of germ with physical, chemical and SEM studies

Dry milling process is developed, which is scalable to industrial capacity and more eco-friendly compared to wet method for separation of germ, perisperm and bran fractions from quinoa as potential functional food ingredients. Peripheral germ is the most important functional component of grain as it stores most of the protein and fat reserve. Fractionation of the grain is performed at different conditioning moisture (viz., 12, 14, 16, 18 & 20%). Medium conditioning moisture (14–16%) has shown optimum balance between yield and quality of the fractions; and has been explored further to develop a novel process specifically targeted for germ separation by making significant changes in the flow diagram of the roller milling process. This developed process enables separation of germ with recovery of 82.57% of protein, 80.04% fat and 81.20% of minerals with respect to germ extracted manually. Bran obtained by the developed novel process shows double the amount of dietary fibre compared to quinoa seed; perisperm having <1% mineral content with brightness in colour portrays purity of the fraction. Isolated fraction of quinoa germ has high content of protein, ash and fat. Separated fractions with higher nutritional value have numerous functional applications in food industry.

Effect of Cutting Parameters with Dry and MQL Nano Fluids in Turning of EN-36 Steel

Many exploration works did to limit cutting force, temperature, surface roughness and tool wear during turning process, yet in dry machining it is hard to limit these parameters straightforwardly, to limiting these parameters diverse lubricants have been utilized until now. In spite of the fact that there have been many research works on the thermal conductivity and lubricity of nano fluids with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in numerous fields and the investigation in regards to the utilization of cutting fluids with nanofluid particle during milling process of EN-36 steel is not done to the larger extent. In the current work, nanofluids were prepared by adding 6% volume and 8% volume of Al2O3 nano particles to the vegetable fluid independently, these nanofluids were utilized during milling process of EN-36 Steel and measured the parameters in dry machining and with MQL nanofluid lubricants. Experiments were conducted by utilizing the Taguchi approach and the outcomes were dissected utilizing analysis of variance (ANOVA). Experimental and predicted values were compared and analyzed. The analysis of the results revealed that the roughness, temperature, cutting force and tool wear in 8% volume of nanofluid with MQL were 0.1 μm, 44.16 °C, 280.46 N and 0.0031 mm respectively are significantly better than the dry machining and 6% volume of nanofluid with MQL performances. Finally, the established results concluded that the machining with 8% volume of nanofluid with MQL have improved the machining performance when compared with the dry milling process.

Optimal Seeking Surface Roughness and Material Removal Rate Responses of Hardened AISI 4340 High Strength Low AlloySteel in Dry Sustainable Environment

The aim of this research is to study the machinability aspects of hardened AISI 4340 High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel (50 ± 2 HRC (Hardness Rockwell C)). The experimental investigation using coated carbide inserts is carried out during the dry hard milling process in a sustainable environment. The input parameters in the study are speed, feed rate and depth of cut and the responses are Average surface Roughness (Ra) and Material Removal Rate (MRR) that are selected through screening. Central Composite Design (CCD) in response surface methodology has been utilized as the experimental design technique with twenty experiments. Analysis of variance has been employed to examine the momentous machining parameters and responses. A mathematical model has been developed to optimize the surface roughness and material removal rate. It has been observed that the most significant factor for Ra is feed rate while for MRR depth of cut is the most significant factor. The results show that the minimum value of Ra ~ 0.098 μm is achieved at speed ~ 1000 RPM, feed rate ~ 300 mm/min and depth of cut ~ 0.2 mm while the maximum value of MRR ~ 6.35 cm3/min is attained at feed rate ~ 500mm/min and depth of cut ~ 0.4 mm regarding less or no effect of speed ~ 500-1000 RPM. The average forecast error for the validation information has been observed to be 3.35%. for Ra and 3.2% for MRR. Further, it is investigated that good surface finish like grinding and dimensional accuracy can be achieved with coated carbide tools.

Fate of regulated, masked, emerging mycotoxins and secondary fungal metabolites during different large-scale maize dry-milling processes

The use of maize in the food chain could be mainly limited due to its contamination by mycotoxins. As scarce information is available, the current study is aimed at collecting new data on the co-occurrence and the fate of the most frequent masked, modified and emerging mycotoxins and other second fungal metabolites in maize food products and by-products. Three maize lots, obtained in different growing seasons, were processed using two different degermination processes, a dry-degermination system or a tempering-degermination one, in order to compare the interaction between mycotoxins and the dry-milling management system. Whole grain before and after cleaning, and all the products and the by-products were sampled twice for each lot and were subjected to a multi-mycotoxin LC-MS/MS analysis. More than 30 mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites, including masked or modified forms, co-occurred in all the maize milling fractions. Grain cleaning reduced all the detected fungal metabolites by 1.2–2 times, compared to the grain before cleaning. Animal feed flour showed the highest content of almost all the mycotoxins and fungal metabolites, with a consequent negative impact on animal health.Considering that for all the mycotoxins and fungal metabolites an inverse relationship with particle size was observed, flaking grits represented the healthiest maize products with the least contamination level, while the abatement was always lower for maize flour.Furthermore, the metabolites were variably redistributed in the maize fractions. The total aflatoxins, kojic acid, deoxynivalenol and its modified form, culmorin, and its associated forms, butenolide, fusaproliferin, fusaric acid, fusarinolic acid and, in some cases, zearalenone and its modified forms, and fusarin C were found to be concentrated significantly in the germ. Some of them also had a greater permanence in the maize food fractions and a weaker decontamination, both of which point to a higher risk of exposure for the end consumers.The co-occurrence of a such a high number of mycotoxins and fungal metabolites and their different fates during the dry-milling process have never been described before.

Low Cost Non-Destructive Monitoring of Dry Milling Process of Ilmenite Material Using Acoustic Sound Wave to Support Industry 4.0

The potential utilization and characteristics of acoustic sound waves in the frequency range of 100-10000 Hz for the monitoring process of dry milling of industrial ilmenite materials are evaluated based on the evolution of sound intensity level and the number of peaks in the spectru m waves . The methodology in this applicative research follows the steps of material preparation activities, dry milling process, acoustic milling emission monitoring, particle size shieving / filtering, quantization of particle size distribution and evaluation of research data.The milling times from 0.5, 15 to 30 hours are taken as a variation of the study. Statistical ANOVA evaluation results show a significant relationship between milling time and the characteristics of the peak number of acoustic wave emited milling process. Higher color gradient in the evolution plot of the frequency spectrum between 160-640 Hz decreases with increasing milling time and decreasing particle size distribution.The number of spectral peaks also increases with increasing milling time.This indicates the effectiveness of collision by alumina balls in the processed ilmenite material using dry milling and has potential implications for the use of a more controlled and efficient ball mill in the future of ceramic industry.

Pathogens control on wheat and wheat flour: A review

AbstractBackground and objectivesAwareness toward the microbial quality of wheat has been raised due to the foodborne illness and outbreaks associated with contaminated wheat flour. The objective is to describe the studied strategies to control the potential hazardous pathogens in wheat grain and wheat flour.FindingsBefore the dry milling process, adding antimicrobial agents to the tempering water has been considered. To preserve gluten integrity and functionality, nonthermal technologies have been explored. Traditional thermal food decontamination methods have also been tested.ConclusionsBacterial and mold load reductions from &gt;1 to &gt;5 log CFU/g have been achieved with tempering agents, without compromising flour functionality. From the nonthermal technologies, pulsed light treatments reduced Salmonella load on flour, while cold plasma was effective versus fungal conidia on grain. Regarding thermal technologies, the vacuum steam treatment reduced Escherichia coli and Salmonella populations on grain without affecting flour properties. Radio frequency heating was also effective to reduce Salmonella load on flour, but its impact on functionality was not reported.Significance and noveltyMost of the decontamination methods have been tested on wheat grain. If a significant microbial load reduction is achieved, further flour contamination can be prevented. However, flour decontamination methods should continue to be explored, without compromising flour functionality.

Nickel-Based Alloy Dry Milling Process Induced Material Softening Effect.

Improving the cutting efficiency is the major factor for improving the processing of nickel-based alloys. The novelty of this research is the calibrated SiAlON ceramic tool dry milling nickel-based alloy process. Firstly, the nickel-based alloy dry milling process was analyzed through the finite element method, and the required milling force and temperature were deduced. Then, several dry milling experiments were conducted with the milling temperature, and the milling force was monitored. The change in cutting speeds was from 400 m/min to 700 m/min. Experimental results verified the reduction of the dry milling force hypothesized by the simulation. The experiment also indicated that with a cut depth of 0.3 mm, cut width of 6 mm, and feed per tooth of 0.03 mm/z, when milling speed exceeded 527.52 m/min, the milling force began to decrease, and the milling temperature exceeded the nickel-based alloy softening temperature. This indicated that easy cutting could be realized under high-speed dry milling conditions. The interpolation curve about average temperature and average milling forces showed similarity to the tensile strength reduction with the rise of temperature.

Dry mill route for synthesis of single phase bulk and e-beam growth of thin films of Cu2ZnSnSe4 for photovoltaic applications

In this present work, we have evaluated a reliable and simple route for synthesis of single-phase Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) bulk material through dry ball milling method from elemental precursors (Cu, Zn, Sn, Se) in argon atmosphere. At every single hour of dry milling process, evolution towards single phase CZTSe and corresponding secondary phase depletion were studied in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy analyses. Rietveld refinement of XRD data, high-resolution TEM and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analyses of milled CZTSe were done to confirm the phase purity. Optical and hall measurements have been carried out to compare the viability of dry milling method with conventional synthesis process. Thin films have been grown by electron beam evaporation method wherein the dry milled powder was used as source material. Thin films grown at ∼100 °C were subsequently vacuum annealed at ∼480 °C and characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, optical absorption analysis and photoresponse measurements to check the compatibility of the films for photovoltaic applications.