Dry Chemistry Research Articles

Which method to choose for measurement of oranic and inorganic carbon content in carbonate-rich soils? Advantages and disadvantages of dry and wet chemistry

The pedosphere is an essential reservoir of carbon represented by organic (SOC) and inorganic (SIC) forms. Various methods are used worldwide to measure SOC and SIC. The trend towards globalization of data on soils requires having the accumulated information harmonized. Global soil databases are crucial for inventory and mapping, modeling and forecasting, monitoring and rational use of soil resources.This study compared the six most common methods for measuring carbon in soils on calcareous rocks. Standard soil samples and soils of the Polar Urals with a variation in CaCO3 (0–100%) and SOC (0–40%) were selected as research targets.The loss-on-ignition (LOI) method (T = 550 °C) overestimates SOC. It is explained by the fact that the SOC to SOM conversion factor of 1.724 seems inadequate. The soils under study demand a coefficient of 2.326. The second reason is the presence of thermolabile mineral components in soils, as well as adsorbed and chemically bound water. For soils with a carbonate content of 0–100% and SOC < 8.7%, harmonized results of SOC measurements may be obtained on the analyzer and by the dichromatometric method (Walkley-Black) only with conversion factors applied (1.3). At a higher SOC (8.7–40%) content, soils in the area under study require a reduced coefficient of 1.18.The measurement results of SIC within the range of 3.2–12% (CaCO3 27–100%) obtained by LOI methods (T = 800 °C) and with a calcimeter are identical with SOC < 16%. The presence of CaCO3 does not inhibit the use of the dichromatometric method (Walkley-Black, Tyurin) to measure SOC.The reliability of carbon content measurement methods for soils was determined both by the specific composition of the soil and by the accuracy of the method itself. To facilitate future application of the methodology, guidelines were proposed to use methods for quantitative assessment of SOC and SIC.

Oxidative dissolution of (U,Ce)O2 materials in aqueous solutions containing H2O2

Homogeneous and heterogeneous U1-xCexO2 (with 0≤ x≤ 0.25) materials were prepared via wet and dry chemistry routes, respectively before being submitted to dynamic leaching experiments. The feeding solution containing 0.20 mmol.L−1 H2O2 was kept under air and renewed to guarantee the stability of H2O2 during the experiment. Normalized alteration rates were determined from U concentration in the leachates. For homogeneous (U,Ce)O2 materials, the dissolution rate was divided by a factor of 3 when increasing the Ce content from 0.08 to 0.25. Surface characterizations revealed that studtite precipitated all over UO2 pellet surface and only on the UO2 grains of heterogeneous U0.92Ce0.08O2 samples. The behaviour of this heterogeneous material was similar to that observed for (U,Pu)O2 in the same conditions, which revealed the reliability of cerium as a plutonium analogue.

History of urinalysis

Urine is a very important fluid that is made and excreted by the human body. The earliestmention of its use as an indicator of diseases comes from the paleolithic era. Urine wasdescribed in Sumerian and Babylonian clay tablets that date back 6000 years. In ancient times,Hippocrates was one of the pioneers of urinalysis and he claimed that urine was derived fromthe four body humors. Galen was the first to define urine as blood filtrate. Byzantine medicalwriter Theophilus undermined previous assumptions and created an algorithm for the evaluationof the clinical condition using urine. The invention of magnifying lenses led to the creation anduse of them in the first microscopes, which allowed the assessment of urine sediment. At theend of XIX century brought us the Atlas of the Urinary Sediment with particular emphasis on theirclinical morphology of urine. During this period, the development of dry chemistry also tookplace, which allowed for the simplification, acceleration, and greater availability of the test. Afterthe great successes of the nineteenth-century researchers, the development of urine testinggained a rapid pace in the twentieth century. In the 1950s testing strips became widely available.Progressive automation has led to the widespread use of analyzers that semi-quantitativelyassess the content of the test substance in the urine by reading the color intensity in the reactionfields. Currently, analyzers are available that, in addition to physicochemical properties, also havethe ability to evaluate structured elements in urine.

Combination of UC-3500 and UF-5000 as a quick and effective method to exclude bacterial urinary tract infection

BackgroundOur study aims to evaluate the performance of the combination of Sysmex urine dry chemistry analyzer UC-3500 and urine particle analyzer UF-5000 in screening bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI). MethodsWe analyzed 2000 urine specimens from patients with suspected UTI by using a urine dry chemistry analyzer (UC-3500) and a fully automated sediment analyzer (UF-5000). After being tested by the instrument, all specimens were sent to our clinical microbiology laboratory for culture. In addition, 600 urine specimens were selected to evaluate the accuracy of the six screening strategies established in this study. ResultsThe consistency of UF-5000 bacterial classification and bacterial culture was fair (Kappa = 0.339). The counts of WBC and BACT elevated with sequential group designs (P < 0.001). The cut-off value of WBC was 32.20/μL for males (AUC, 0.942, 95%CI, 0.930–0.955) and 39.15/μL for females (AUC, 0.931, 95%CI, 0.914–0.948). The sensitivity and specificity of WBC were relatively higher than those of BACT. Strategy④ and Strategy⑥ in all six strategies had a good negative predictive value (NPV) which was 98.73%. ConclusionUF-5000 bacterial classification cannot be used as a practical reference. 32.20/μL (male) and 39.15/μL (female) for WBC as well as 22.35/μL (male) and 127.25/μL (female) for BACT were used as cut-off values to effectively determine whether UTI occurs. WBC, BACT and LEU joint screening programs were suitable to rapidly and effectively exclude bacterial UTI.

Understanding the Difference in Various Fractions of Serum Bilirubin while Estimated by Wet Chemistry and Dry Chemistry Method and its Importance in Neonatal Jaundice

Understanding the Difference in Various Fractions of Serum Bilirubin while Estimated by Wet Chemistry and Dry Chemistry Method and its Importance in Neonatal Jaundice

Abdominal Obesity, Excessive Adiposity, and the Taq1B CETP Variant Are Positively Associated with Serum Lipid Levels in Mexican Women

Introduction: Obesity is a prevalent multifactorial disease whose main complication is dyslipidemia. Serum lipid levels also depend on genetic factors including the Taq1B variant of the CETP gene, which is suggested to be influenced by environmental factors and adiposity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of the Taq1B CETP variant on serum lipid levels associated with anthropometrical variables. Methods: 165 women from western Mexico were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Weight and body fat were measured by bioimpedance and waist circumference with a measuring tape. Serum lipid levels were determined by dry chemistry. The Taq1B CETP variant was analyzed by allelic discrimination. Results: Women with abdominal obesity and the B1B2/B2B2 genotype had significantly higher total cholesterol levels (195.17 [185.95–204.39] vs. 183 mg/dL [169.83–196.16], p = 0.007) and low density lipoprotein (118.84 [110.65–127.03] vs. 113.84 mg/dL [102.37–125.31], p = 0.037) than carriers of the B1B1 genotype. Likewise, subjects with excessive adiposity and the B1B2/B2B2 genotype showed significantly higher total cholesterol levels (195.05 [186.04–204.06] vs. 182.40 mg/dL [169.03–195.76], p = 0.003) than those with the B1B1 genotype. Conclusion: Women with abdominal obesity or excessive adiposity, who are also carriers of the B1B2/B2B2 genotype, have higher serum lipid levels than women with the B1B1 genotype.

ORAL FLUID AS AN OBJECT OF NONINVASIVE LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS

This paper is lecture which deal with the importance of laboratory examination for oral fluid so called “salivadiagnostics”. This paper is clarifying the preanalytical stage (obtaining, storing and transfer of samples) and chemical-microscopic methods (pH, relative density, leukocytes, erythrocytes, protein, glucose) for performing a “dry chemistry” technology. The features some of them and changes of parameters in various diseases (neuropsychiatric, dental, pathology of internal organs, osteoporosis and other ones) are presented. The problems of clinical interpretation of changes of oral fluid as well as future prospects of non-invasive diagnostics have been discussed.

Elevated Serum Low-Density Lipoproteins-Cholesterol Levels and B1B2/B2B2 CETP Genotype Are Positively Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Women with Gallstone Disease.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is generated by the interaction between environmental and genetic factors, and the presence of metabolic alterations. Since Taq1B cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) polymorphism is associated with abnormal serum lipid values, it could be related to NAFLD. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the Taq1B CETP polymorphism with serum lipids, anthropometric variables, and the extent of steatosis in Mexican-mestizo women with gallstone disease (GD). Methods: Sixty-two women were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Serum lipids were determined by dry chemistry. The Taq1B CETP polymorphism was determined by allelic discrimination. CETP serum levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the extent of steatosis with a biopsy staining with Oil-Red-O. Results: Subjects with the B1B2/B2B2 genotype had higher percentage of degree of steatosis than those with B1B1 (11.95% vs. 2.19%, P = 0.008). The B1B2/B2B2 genotype (odds ratio [OR] 3.90 [confidence interval {CI} 95% 1.891-8.536], P = 0.04) and an elevated low-density lipoproteins (LDL)-cholesterol (OR 3.54 [CI 95% 1.042-2.058, P = 0.039) significantly increase the risk for NAFLD. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the B1B2/B2B2 genotype of CETP and the elevated LDL-cholesterol serum levels increase the risk of NAFLD in women with GD.

CT-008 Relationship Between LDH and Mg in Monitoring of Hematological Malignant Diseases

Magnesium plays a key role in regulating many cellular functions and enzymes, including ion channels, metabolic cycles, and signaling pathways. The objective of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and magnesium (Mg) in patients diagnosed with hematological malignant diseases. We analyzed a cohort of patients (n=75) comprising men (n=36) and women (n=39), every group with a mean age of 57 years, who had blood cancer and were admitted to the oncology department in a 3-month period. We performed hematological and biochemical tests and determined LDH and serum Mg levels, which can serve as markers for monitoring the progression of malignancies. The complete blood count with differential count and biochemistry samples were used for the patients to establish the types of blood cancer diseases. An initial panel of monoclonal antibodies was used to determine the immune phenotypes of the subgroups of differentiated T cells and B cells by flow cytometry. Among the patients, 43 were diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 14 were diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia, and 18 were diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The biochemical parameters were measured by running a Vitros 250 dry chemistry analyzer (Johnson & Johnson, USA) using the slides for multi-layer spectrophotometry measurements. Normal levels of Mg with moderately increased LDH levels were observed in all patients who had cancer in the regression phase following good responses to a specific cancer therapy. In this study, 12 patients (16%) displayed high levels of serum Mg (range=2.6-3.27 mg/dL; mean value=2.89 mg/dL). The levels of serum LDH were also evaluated in patients newly diagnosed with cancer and in patients with unfavorable responses to the cancer therapy (range=240-1,330 U/L; mean value=787 U/L; SD=1.33; P=0.002). The total serum levels of LDH and Mg can be used as markers for monitoring treatment responses in patients with neoplasm with or without metastasis.

Method Comparison of β-Hydroxybutyrate Using a Point-of-Care Device and Dry Chemistry Analyzer in Three Sea Turtle Species.

The ketone β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) serves as an energy source when bodily energy stores are low. Concentrations of this blood analyte are often determined by spectrophotometric quantitative assays with a dry chemistry analyzer; however, rapid assessment with point-of-care devices have the potential to improve assessment of animals in the field or in clinical settings. We measured BHB concentrations in whole blood samples from 54 leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), 27 loggerhead (Caretta caretta), and 14 green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtles in Florida, US with a point-of-care device and validated its use with corresponding plasma samples and dry chemistry analyzer as the gold standard. Concentrations of BHB highly correlated between the two methods for all three species, with loggerheads showing the best agreement and lowest bias. Therefore, the point-of-care device used for this study (Lucidplus β-ketone monitoring system) is probably appropriate for sea turtle BHB measurements.

Correlation of total cholesterol, TG &amp; HDL in population of Uttarakhand

We aimed to provide correlation of Total Cholesterol, TG &amp; HDL in population of Uttarakhand. : 300 patients who came to Medicine OPD in Shri Mahant Indresh Hospital. Fasting Serum samples taken for lipid profile in patients coming to medicine OPD and run on VITROS 5600/7600 which is based on dry chemistry. : With 300 patients of more than 83 were females &amp; 217 were males.For both males &amp; females age mean &amp; SD for HDL was 32.03±13.69 &amp; for females 30.06±11.83. For males &amp; females age mean &amp; SD for Total Cholesterol 114.5±23.24 &amp; 114.1±23.53 &amp; Age mean &amp; SD for triglycerides for males &amp; females.130.1±62.74 &amp; 137.1±79.78.Only raised and unraised values for HDL &amp; TG were significant with p value 0.0013 of HDL &amp; p value 0.0001 of triglycerides.TG/HDL ratio was associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors which should be done in each individual for follow up.

The danger of dichloromethane in the synthesis and application of imidazole-based dyes

In this paper, a lophine-based phenol compound has been prepared and identified as an efficient chromophore for the determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with enzymatic method. A dry chemistry analytic agent was also prepared involving this compound, showing good accuracy in the determination of uric acid. However, a commonly used solvent dichloromethane (DCM) could react with this imidazole derivative when the reaction mixture was irradiated under UV (365 nm). We explored the possible mechanism and identified several by-products caused by the acidity and ultraviolet oxidation of DCM. Caution should be taken in the synthesis and application of such imidazole-based dyes in DCM, especially when phenol group was introduced to the imidazole moiety.

Assessment of variations in selective biochemical parameters and its correlation with age and gender in COVID-19 patients of Ujjain district: A retrospective study

Background: At Ujjain district, in which the current study is based, has no prior studies examining the variations of liver function tests in the resident population. Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to assess the variation in selective biochemical parameters and their correlation with age and gender in COVID-19 patients of Ujjain district: A retrospective study. Materials and Methods: 199 cases of confirmed COVID-19 patients from June 2020 to November 2020 were admitted to R. D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, were part of the study. Aspartate aminotransferases (AST), Alanine aminotransferases (ALT), Alkaline phosphatases (ALP), Total protein (TP), Total bilirubin (TB), C-reactive protein (CRP), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), sodium, and potassium parameters were recorded in the study participants. AST, ALT, TP, TB, CRP, and LDH were analyzed using vitros 5600 integrated system which is a dry chemistry autoanalyzer of ortho clinical diagnostics. Sodium and potassium analysis were analyzed on the vitros 5600 integrated system by using the direct potentiometry principle. The data were obtained from the patient information sheet from the MRD of our hospital. Results: The study results present the age-wise and gender-wise correlation of the parameters. There was an increase in the AST, ALT, CRP, and LDH levels in both male and female participants. However, the difference is not statistically significant. ALP, TP, TB, and potassium levels are within the normal limits in male and female participants. Albumin levels were decreased in male and female participants. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Sodium levels were significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05) in males when compared with females. Conclusion: The study assessed the variations in selective biochemical parameters and their correlation with inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients of the Ujjain district. The study results help to understand the biochemical aspects of the Covid disease. Further, detailed studies are recommended to understand the role of the biochemical parameter which helps for early diagnosis to save the life of the covid patients in general.

The Brazilian Program of soil analysis via spectroscopy (ProBASE): Combining spectroscopy and wet laboratories to understand new technologies

Spectroscopy has been extensively used in soil analysis. However, users, such as commercial laboratories, still do not know the application, potential, and limitations of this technique. This paper aims to present a given course going from theory to practice for end-users regarding spectroscopy technique. The paper combines the use of soil spectroscopy and wet laboratories to perform a scientific-teaching dynamic using their own data, allowing for a better understanding of the technique. The course is denominated ProBASE (The Brazilian Program of Soil Analysis via Spectroscopy). Soil samples from 35 laboratories were sent (34 from Brazil and 1 from Paraguay) to a central spectroscopy laboratory. Samples were measured for visible-near-short-wave-infrared, Vis-NIR (400–2500 nm), and mid-infrared, MIR (3000–25000 nm) ranges and by portable X-ray Fluorescence (pXRF) sensor. We also used the Brazilian Soil Spectral Library (BSSL) dataset (Vis-NIR). We performed three different population models with Vis-NIR as follows: a) using the dataset of each laboratory (Local), b) using the entire ProBASE-dataset (Regional), and c) using the BSSL (Country). Afterward, we developed spectral models using the other spectral ranges for comparison. We also used a qualitative approach to detect errors from the wet laboratory analyses using Vis-NIR data and evaluated their impact on spectral modeling. The models that used Local samples had the best performance, with R2 in validation reaching up to 0.93 for clay, 0.92 for sand, 0.86 for P, 0.82 for pH, 0.81 for organic matter (OM), 0.75 for Ca2+, 0.72 for cation exchange capacity (CEC), 0.71 for aluminum saturation, 0.71 for Al3+, 0.70 for Mg2+, 0.64 for base saturation (V%), and 0.56 for K+. However, the base saturation presented greater variation from good to poor results. For the comparison dataset, the results can be summarized as follows: a) pXRF was better for P, Ca2+ B, V% and Mn; b) MIR was better for clay, sand, OM, pH, Mg2+, CEC and Mn; c) Vis-NIR was better for H + Al; d) the three spectral ranges had good performance for OM, sand, silt and clay. In addition, our findings indicate that all spectral ranges are useful for a wet laboratory, where each model has advantages and limitations, but they can be used complementary to each other. Spectroscopy can detect inconsistencies of the wet laboratory analyses, affecting thus the quality of the results. The commercial laboratory community viewed the techniques positively. The results indicate the viability to create a hybrid laboratory, combining both wet and dry (soil spectroscopy) chemistry.

Agreement of Potassium, Sodium, Glucose, and Hemoglobin Measured by Blood Gas Analyzer With Dry Chemistry Analyzer and Complete Blood Count Analyzer: A Two-Center Retrospective Analysis.

BackgroundBlood gas analyzers (BGAs) and dry biochemistry analyzers for potassium and sodium are based on direct electrode methods, and both involve glucose oxidase for glucose detection. However, data are lacking regarding whether the results of the two assay systems can be used interchangeably. In addition, there remains controversy over the consistency between BGA-measured hemoglobin and complete blood count analyzer data. Here, we compared the consistency of sodium, potassium, glucose, and hemoglobin levels measured by BGA and dry chemistry and complete blood count analyzers.MethodsData from two teaching hospitals, the Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (ZRY) and the Qianfoshan Hospital (QY), were retrospectively analyzed based on dry biochemistry and complete blood count analyzer results as the reference system (X) and BGA as the experimental system (Y). Plasma was used for biochemical analysis at the ZRY Hospital, and serum at the QY Hospital. Paired data from the respective hospitals were evaluated for consistency, and biases between methods were assessed by simple correlation, Passing–Bablok regression, and Bland–Altman analyses.ResultsThe correlations of potassium, sodium, glucose, and hemoglobin measured by BGA and dry biochemistry and complete blood count analyzers were high, at 0.9573, 0.8898, 0.9849, and 0.9883 for the ZRY Hospital and 0.9198, 0.8591, 0.9764, and 0.8666, respectively, for the QY Hospital. The results of Passing to Bablok regression analysis showed that the predicted biases at each medical decision level were within clinically acceptable levels for potassium, sodium, glucose, and hemoglobin at the ZRY Hospital. Only the predicted bias of glucose was below the clinically acceptable medical decision levels at the QY Hospital, while potassium, sodium, and hemoglobin were not. Compared with the reference system, the mean bias for BGA measurements at the ZRY Hospital was −0.08 mmol/L (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.091 to −0.069) for potassium, 1.2 mmol/L (95% CI 1.06 to 1.42) for sodium, 0.20 mmol/L (95% CI 0.167 to 0.228) for glucose, and −2.8 g/L for hemoglobin (95% CI −3.14 to −2.49). The mean bias for potassium, sodium, glucose, and hemoglobin at the QY Hospital were −0.46 mmol/L (95% CI −0.475 to −0.452), 3.7 mmol/L (95% CI 3.57 to 3.85), −0.36 mmol/L (95% CI −0.433 to −0.291), and −8.7 g/L (95% CI −9.40 to −8.05), respectively.ConclusionBGA can be used interchangeably with plasma electrolyte results from dry biochemistry analyzers but does not show sufficient consistency with serum electrolyte results from dry biochemistry analyzers to allow data interchangeability. Good consistency was observed between BGA and plasma or serum glucose results from dry biochemistry analyzers. However, BGA-measured hemoglobin and hematocrit assay results should be treated with caution.

Effects of the hemolytic index on the test results of a dry chemistry analyzer and a verification of the hemolytic interference threshold.

This study verified and assessed 26 biochemical indicators tested by a dry chemistry analyzer using the hemolytic index test function to determine the degree of interference and the trends among the hemolysis samples on the test results. This study also sought to ensure that reasonable test reports could be issued taking into account practical clinical needs. The samples were manually divided into the control group and the test group. The hemolytic index and biochemical indicators of the samples were tested using the Ortho Vitros 5600 to compare the deviation of the test results between the 2 groups. The judgment standard was set as 1/3 of the total error allowable as required by the quality assessment criterion of the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. The interference degree of hemolysis on the dry chemistry-based biochemical indicators was assessed, and the hemolytic thresholds of 26 biochemical indicators provided by the manufacturer were verified in terms of their validity and rationality. The hemolytic thresholds of 26 dry chemistry-based biochemical indicators were verified to analyze the degree of interference. The results revealed that hemolysis interfered with 17 indicators. Hemolysis positively interfered with the test results of phosphorus, creatine kinase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT), magnesium, iron, total protein, potassium, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, and aspartate aminotransferase, but negatively interfered with cholinesterase, direct high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, elevated carbon dioxide alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase. A negative deviation of γ-GGT by hemoglobin was described in the manufacturer's statement, but our test data showed a positive deviation by hemolysis. The hemolytic threshold verification results of the other biochemical indicators were consistent with the manufacturer's statement. The hemolytic index test function was used to determine which samples were interfered with by hemolysis to make an analytical judgment according to the hemolytic interference thresholds of the different test items, verify the validity of the hemolytic thresholds of the test items, perform reasonable tests on the hemolytic samples, and issue valid reports to reduce the rejection rate of the hemolytic samples, shorten the turnaround time (TAT) of laboratories.

Analysis of the Role of Urine Sediment and Urine Dry Chemistry Combined Detection in the Rapid Diagnosis of Urinary System Infection

Analysis of the Role of Urine Sediment and Urine Dry Chemistry Combined Detection in the Rapid Diagnosis of Urinary System Infection

Diagnostic value of different urine tests for urinary tract infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundThere are differences in specificity and sensitivity of different routine urine tests for urinary tract infection, so meta-analysis was used to compare the diagnostic value of various urine analysis and detection methods in urinary tract infection, including bacterial culture, urine sediment microscopy, automated urinalysis, and routine urine dry chemical methods.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, SpringerLink, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to December 2021. Two system assessors independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan version 5.3 (the Cochrane Collaboration) and Meta-DiSc were used to calculate the combined sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR–), and diagnostic ratio (DOR) of the diagnostic tests and draw summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves.ResultsA total of 14 documents were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There was a significant statistical difference between the urine sediment microscopy group and the urine normalization group in urine leucocyte detection (OR =2.15, 95% CI: 1.29–3.56, P=0.003, I2=19%, Z=2.95), urine erythrocyte test (OR =1.87, 95% CI: 1.13–3.09, P=0.01, I2=0%, Z=2.45), quantitative determination of urinary protein composition (OR =2.32, 95% CI: 1.27–4.23, P=0.006, I2=30%, Z=2.73), and determination of urinary enzymes (OR =1.67, 95% CI: 1.03–2.72, P=0.04, I2=0%, Z=2.07).DiscussionWhen examining red and white blood cells in urinary tract infection diagnosis, urine dry chemistry is superior to automated urinalysis in terms of area under the curve (AUC), Sen, Spe, etc. When examining urine bacteria, urine dry chemistry can be recommended for urine bacteria screening, with bacterial culture required for confirmation.

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РОТОВОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ И БУККАЛЬНОГО ЭПИТЕЛИЯ В ОЦЕНКЕ НЕПЕРЕНОСИМОСТИ КОНСТРУКЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

Introduction. The phenomena of intolerance to structural materials often occur in patients using removable dentures made of acrylic plastics, in this regard, the problem of intolerance to structural materials does not lose its relevance. However, today, the lack of knowledge in diagnostics forces us to delve into the search for diagnostic criteria. The current level of development of dentistry determines the need to search for diagnostic criteria that can reliably identify patients with a high risk of developing intolerance to structural materials (SIM) and predict the likelihood of its occurrence.&#x0D; This study is devoted to assessing the effectiveness of laboratory diagnostics in case of intolerance to structural materials.&#x0D; The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of some methods of laboratory diagnostics in identifying non-allergic (toxic) etiology of intolerance to structural materials.&#x0D; Methodology. 22 patients were examined, of which 14 healthy volunteers and 8 patients with signs of intolerance to structural materials can be distinguished. An analysis of buccal cytograms (buccal epithelium) was carried out, and a study of the oral fluid was also carried out (a study of dry chemistry).&#x0D; Results. When studying the buccal cytogram in the main group, an increase in the apoptosis index (1.12) and a decrease in the reparative index (0.67) were found in patients with intolerance to structural materials. When studying the oral fluid (physicochemical study), signs of minimal inflammation activity were revealed in the main group of patients. We observe a decrease in pH (6), an increase in total protein (0.5 g/L) and an increase in leukocytes (65).&#x0D; Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that in patients with intolerance to construction materials, there are signs of minimal inflammation when examining the oral fluid, impaired reparative processes and an increasing index of apoptosis when examining the buccal cytogram.

Study of Hs Troponin I &amp; uric acid in patients of myocardial infarction

We aimed to provide Correlation of Hs Troponin I &amp; Uric Acid in patients of Myocardial Infarction.: 100 patients who came to cardiac emergency in Shri Mahant Indresh Hospital. Serum samples taken for Hs Troponin I and Uric Acid for patients of Myocardial Infarction and run on VITROS 5600/7600 which is based on dry chemistry. : With 100 patients of more than 40 years of age 61 were males &amp; 39 were females. For both males &amp; females age mean &amp; SD was 59.8±10.77.In our study we took 100 random patients coming to cardiac emergency out of which 50 patients had raised trop I and 45 patients had raised uric acid levels. Out of those 50 patients with raised HS Trop I 25 patients had raised values for uric acid. For Hs Trop I males – 21.88±48.8 &amp; females 1676±57.58. For uric acid for males-6.545±3.75 &amp; for females- 6.315±1.86.Therefore Hs Trop I &amp; uric acid were both significant when compared with age T value was 2.7001 and P value was 0.0075. Whereas when compared with sex that is male and female to both Hs Trop I and uric acid then Hs Trop I was more significant with P value 0.0001.Uric acid is an economical marker that is readily, quickly and reliably obtainable &amp; can be one of the predictable prognostic indicator in acute Myocardial Infarction.