CT-008 Relationship Between LDH and Mg in Monitoring of Hematological Malignant Diseases

Abstract

Magnesium plays a key role in regulating many cellular functions and enzymes, including ion channels, metabolic cycles, and signaling pathways. The objective of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and magnesium (Mg) in patients diagnosed with hematological malignant diseases. We analyzed a cohort of patients (n=75) comprising men (n=36) and women (n=39), every group with a mean age of 57 years, who had blood cancer and were admitted to the oncology department in a 3-month period. We performed hematological and biochemical tests and determined LDH and serum Mg levels, which can serve as markers for monitoring the progression of malignancies. The complete blood count with differential count and biochemistry samples were used for the patients to establish the types of blood cancer diseases. An initial panel of monoclonal antibodies was used to determine the immune phenotypes of the subgroups of differentiated T cells and B cells by flow cytometry. Among the patients, 43 were diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 14 were diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia, and 18 were diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The biochemical parameters were measured by running a Vitros 250 dry chemistry analyzer (Johnson & Johnson, USA) using the slides for multi-layer spectrophotometry measurements. Normal levels of Mg with moderately increased LDH levels were observed in all patients who had cancer in the regression phase following good responses to a specific cancer therapy. In this study, 12 patients (16%) displayed high levels of serum Mg (range=2.6-3.27 mg/dL; mean value=2.89 mg/dL). The levels of serum LDH were also evaluated in patients newly diagnosed with cancer and in patients with unfavorable responses to the cancer therapy (range=240-1,330 U/L; mean value=787 U/L; SD=1.33; P=0.002). The total serum levels of LDH and Mg can be used as markers for monitoring treatment responses in patients with neoplasm with or without metastasis.