Drilling Method Research Articles

Kurnia's Web-Based Drill Method Can Measure the Level of Toothbrushing Skills of Blind Children

Background: Blind children have limited vision so that the health of the oral cavity is lower than that of children with normal vision. To improve the dental and oral health of blind children, a change in skills is needed. Choosing the right method of delivering educational material is very helpful in changing target skills. Kurnia's Web-based Drill method with audio modification can be an innovation in providing dental and oral health education. Where audio media that relies on sound can help optimize the sense of hearing that is still functioning so that the message conveyed can be easily remembered and understood by blind children.Research Objective: Build a web-based model of Kurnia's Drill method to improve toothbrushing skills in blind children.Methods: Research and Development (RD) and model testing (Quasi-Experimental Control Group Pretest and Posttest Design studies). The research subjects of blind children were divided into 2 groups, namely intervention and control. The results of the model design are validated by experts. The data were tested using intraclass, paired t-test and independent t-test correlation coefficients.Results: Kurnia's Drill web-based method is feasible as an educational model for dental health maintenance in blind children (p= 0.000). The implementation of this model effectively improved the brushing skills of blind children (p= 0.047) and decreased the debris index of blind children (p= 0.000) compared to the control group.Conclusion: Kurnia's Drill web-based method effectively improves brushing skills and decreases debris index in visually impaired children.

Residual Stress Estimation Using Hole Drilling and Contour Methods in Rail Welds Treated with and without Ultrasonic Impact Treatment

Residual Stress Estimation Using Hole Drilling and Contour Methods in Rail Welds Treated with and without Ultrasonic Impact Treatment

Implementation of Tahfidzul Qur'an Drill Method in Hamalatul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School

Implementation of Tahfidzul Qur'an Drill Method in Hamalatul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School

The layout design of water diversion system in Zhaoqing Langjiang Pumped Storage Power Station based on front well drill method

Abstract The water diversion system of pumped storage power station is usually the subcritical line of engineering construction progress. It is easy to develop into a critical line due to the influence of uncertain factors in the construction process. In order to further ensure the construction progress of the project, the water diversion system of Zhaoqing Langjiang Pumped Storage Power Station was planned to adopt the fast front well drill construction method in the mining industry. In order to adapt to the construction technology of front well drill construction method, the layout design of the water diversion system was studied and optimized by considering the topography and geology, engineering layout, hydraulics, construction organization and other aspects. Finally, the appropriate layout scheme of water diversion system was drawn up.

A Grand Challenge: Update on Improved Recovery From Tight/Shale Reservoirs

_ This is the third of a series of six articles on SPE’s Grand Challenges in Energy, formulated as the output of a 2023 workshop held by the SPE Research and Development Technical Section in Austin, Texas. Described in a JPT article last year, each of the challenges will be discussed separately in this series: geothermal energy; net-zero operations; improving recovery from tight/shale resources; carbon capture, storage, and utilization; digital transformation; and education and advocacy. _ The exploration and extraction of hydrocarbons from tight or shale formations have revolutionized the global energy landscape, unlocking vast oil and gas reserves previously considered inaccessible. According to estimates, substantial oil production has been reported for various tight plays in the US in 2024 (Fig. 1). However, the production process in tight or shale formations is not without its own set of challenges ranging from technological hurdles to environmental concerns. Therefore, understanding the current outlook is essential for stakeholders to navigate the complex terrain. To address the significant issues outlined by SPE in July 2023 (Halsey et al. 2023), this article intends to explore the complexities of hydrocarbon extraction from tight and shale reservoirs. Description of Tight/Shale Formations First, we present a succinct description of tight or shale formations. Tight or shale oil and gas are hydrocarbons found in oil-bearing mudstone, and shale gas is produced from gas shale or associated with tight oil (Boak and Kleinberg 2020). Tight unconventional formations are characterized by the presence of fine-grained sedimentary rocks that are high in organic matter, such as shale, where hydrocarbons are firmly embedded within the rock matrix. Challenges in Tight or Shale Oil Production The Existence of Complex Geometry. Tight and shale formations are known for their complex geological structures, which can make it difficult to predict the distribution and behavior of hydrocarbons within the reservoir. Additionally, shale formations can exhibit significant variability in their thickness, composition, and the occurrence of natural fractures. Hence, it is crucial to understand and navigate the intricate geology of unconventional shale formations to achieve successful shale oil production (Jiang et al. 2016). Ultralow Reservoir Permeability. The low permeability of tight formations restricts the flow of hydrocarbons, necessitating techniques such as hydraulic fracturing to create artificial pathways for extraction. However, the effective stimulation of fractures requires the use of cutting-edge drilling and extraction methods, such as multistage hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and horizontal drilling, which in turn require precise engineering and a thorough understanding of reservoir characteristics (Pokalai et al. 2015).

Grouting inspection of PC bridge girder using Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Tomography and multiparameter evaluation procedure

Assessing the condition of grouting in post-tensioned tendons within Prestressed Concrete (PC) structures stands as a challenge in the field of civil engineering infrastructure maintenance. Current non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques employed for grouting assessment have certain constraints. For instance, the Impact-Echo method exhibits relatively low accuracy, while the X-Ray method proves to be costly and demands significant time and labor resources. Simultaneously, there exist promising alternative NDT techniques that offer potential for grouting inspection. In this study the authors used commercially available Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Tomography device with an array of dry-contact sensors and multiparameter method of evaluation. The evaluation method uses amplitude of ultrasonic pulse reflected from PC sheath, backwall and phase of reflected ultrasonic pulse. The experimental study on large-scale specimens confirmed that the evaluation method allows to achieve higher accuracy, as compared to existing methods of evaluation. The developed procedure was applied for inspection of PC bridge girder on an existing road bridge. The inspection was carried out on one of the spans of the bridge, which had 4 I- shaped PC girders. The results of Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Tomography were confirmed by means of drilling and borescope inspection method The results of both methods showed good correlation.

Optimization of Early Childhood Social Emotional Development Through Exercise Methods and Learning Videos

This research aims to investigate ways to enhance the social and emotional development of young children through Drill and video learning methods. The research topic covers the definition and importance of social-emotional development in young children, learning through Drill and video methods in young children, and strategies to enhance social-emotional development through Drill and video methods in young children. The method used in this research is qualitative with a literature study, using data sources such as journals and books published in the last 5 years. The results show that, first, social-emotional development in young children refers to the process by which children develop the ability to interact socially and manage their emotions effectively. This involves understanding and expressing emotions, developing social relationships, and adapting to their social environment. Second, learning through Drill and video methods is an effective way to encourage active participation, cooperation, and the development of social-emotional skills in young children. Through Drill and video learning methods, children can learn to interact, share, and collaborate while also developing cognitive and academic skills. Third, strategies to optimize the social-emotional development of young children through Drill and video learning methods include forming inclusive groups, facilitating positive interactions, developing social skills, cooperative games, facilitating emotional expression, positive feedback, and leadership concept building.

The Influence Of The Drill Method On Futsal Passing Technique Skills Using The Inside Of The Foot

The purpose of this paper is to measure futsal passing skills using the drill method on a wall target. In group division, they were divided into two groups with 13 experimental students and 12 play method students. The result data obtained from the pre-test contained 3 (23%) students with adequate assessment criteria, and 10 (77%) students with inadequate assessment criteria. The increase occurred after being given the drilling method treatment on the wall target, and data obtained from post-test observations showed that there were 8 (61.5%) students who achieved the adequate assessment criteria and 5 (38.5%) students who achieved the good assessment criteria. The results of the normality test in the experimental group show that Ho is accepted, because calculated X2 X2 table. And the Homogeneity Test proves F count F table, so it can be said that the population is a homogeneous population. This research was said to be successful because students experienced progress as a result of applying the drill method treatment to the wall target.

Injection-based approaches for controlling Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) invasion in conservation efforts of the Patagonian forest

Abstract Invasion by nonnative woody species poses a major threat to the environment, biodiversity, and economies worldwide. Nahuel Huapi National Park in Argentina is a protected area for habitat conservation that harbors several invasive Pinaceae species, where Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] is one of the most aggressive and abundant conifer tree invaders. Management of invasions in protected areas must include efficient, easy to deploy, and cost-effective techniques, while reducing the impact on native ecosystems. Because the region has no control measures applied other than conventional felling, we analyzed the effectiveness of two systemic herbicides (glyphosate and aminopyralid + triclopyr) at two different concentrations, applied with the drill and fill method. We then quantified defoliation of P. menziesii trees 6, 12, and 24 mo after application and performed an economic cost analysis to determine profitability. For the application, the trees were grouped into diameter at breast height classes and randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Herbicide doses were adjusted according to tree size. We found that glyphosate at high concentrations completely defoliated 33% of the trees after 6 mo and 87% after 12 and 24 mo. Glyphosate at low concentrations defoliated almost 30% of the trees after 24 mo, most of which were smaller trees. The aminopyralid + triclopyr treatment did not produce significant defoliation at any of the tested concentrations. When compared with conventional felling, the drill and fill method was found to reduce removal costs by 98%. We observe that differences in costs are mainly due to dead trees that remain standing, decompose slowly, and do not generate costs associated with their removal and debris management. Drill and fill is a suitable method for treating scattered trees in a native forest community, with reduced environmental consequences compared with other removal techniques currently applied within conservation areas of the Patagonian forest.

A Visual Survey of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) Performance in Tunneling Excavation: Mainstream Direction, Brief Review and Future Prospects

This study employs scientometric analysis to investigate the current trajectory of research on tunnel boring machine (TBM) performance and collaborative efforts. Utilizing software tools like Pajek 5.16 and VOSviewer 1.6.18, it scrutinizes literature from 2000 to 2021 sourced from the Web of Science (WOS). The findings illuminate TBM research as an interdisciplinary and intersectoral field attracting increasing national and institutional attention. Notable contributions from China, Iran, the United States, Turkey, and Australia underscore the global significance of TBM research. The recent upsurge in annual publications, primarily driven by Chinese research initiatives, reflects a renewed vigor in TBM exploration. Additionally, the paper presents a succinct evaluation of TBM advantages and drawbacks compared to conventional drill and blast methods, discussing key considerations in excavation methodology selection. Moreover, the study comprehensively reviews TBM performance prediction models, categorizing them into theoretical, empirical, and artificial intelligence-driven approaches. Finally, rooted in metaverse theory, the discourse delves into the immersive learning model and the architecture of a TBM metaverse. In the future, the immersive training and learning model diagram can be employed in scenarios such as employee training and the promotion of safety knowledge. Additionally, the TBM metaverse architecture can simulate, monitor, diagnose, predict, and control the organization, management, and service processes and behaviors of TBMs. This will enhance efficient collaboration across various aspects of the project production cycle. This forward-looking perspective anticipates future trends in TBM technology, emphasizing societal impact and enhancement of economic benefits.

Metode Drill dalam Penguasaan Kosakata Bahasa Jerman

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in German vocabulary mastery of class XI students at SMA Negeri 14 Gowa through the application of the Drill method. This type of research is classroom action research which consists of two cycles with each cycle consisting of two meetings. The subject of this study was class XI Mipa 3 SMA Negeri 14 Gowa. There are two types of this research, namely qualitative data and quantitative data. Qualitative data were obtained from teacher and student observation data, while quantitative data were obtained from students' German vocabulary tests. The results of students' German vocabulary tests in cycle I obtained an average of 69.5 and experienced an increase in cycle II with an average value of 84.7. The results of this test show that the application of the Drill method can increase the German vocabulary of class XI students of SMA Negeri 14 Gowa.Keyword: Implementation, Vocabulary, Drill Method

The method of femoral tunnel drilling in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction does not influence the return to sport rate

BackgroundLimited evidence is available comparing the modified transtibial (MTT) and transportal (TP) techniques in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and their impact on returning to sports participation. The objective was to analyze the outcomes after arthroscopic reconstruction of the ACL in recreational athletes with a 2-year postoperative follow-up, comparing the MTT and TP techniques, based on the method used to drill the femoral tunnel. HypotesisThe rate of return to sport would be comparable regardless of the surgical technique used. Material and methodsA retrospective study was conducted with 66 patients who underwent arthroscopic monofascicular ACL reconstruction between September 2016 and March 2020. Patients aged between 16 and 50 years old, recreational athletes at Tegner levels 6 and 7, with a 2-year follow-up were included. Groups were established for comparative analysis (MTT vs TP) based on the method for drilling the femoral tunnel. The main outcome variable was the return to sport at the same level. Secondary variables included patient satisfaction evaluated with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and knee function according to the Lysholm scale. ResultsAt 2 years of postoperative follow-up, the return to sport rate was 30.3 % in the MTT group and 33.3 % in the TP group (p = 0.791). There were no significant differences between both groups in patient satisfaction (p = 0.664) and knee function (p = 0.113). ConclusionDrilling the femoral tunnel with the MTT and TP techniques did not influence the rate of return to sport, patient satisfaction, and knee function in recreational athletes with 2 years of postoperative follow-up. Level of evidenceIII.

Research on carbon emission quantification and evaluation for prefabricated inverted arch construction in drill and blast tunnels

Drill and blast methods cannot meet the requirements of modern tunnel construction in terms of efficiency and carbon emissions. This study proposes a prefabricated inverted arch construction technology and carbon emission calculation method applicable to drill and blast tunnels. The carbon emissions during prefabricated inverted arch construction were calculated, and the carbon emission model for on-site transportation was optimized. The indirect impact of improved construction efficiency on carbon emissions was discussed, further refining the carbon emission evaluation system for drill and blast tunnels. The results show that (1) The new technology of prefabricated inverted arch significantly improves construction efficiency and has promising application prospects; (2) Carbon emissions during prefabricated inverted arch construction are 9051.67 tCO2eq less than those during cast-in-place construction, with a reduction of over 15%, mainly due to reduced cement and steel usage resulting from optimized arch structure; (3) Considering the limitations of material transportation due to tunnel excavation distance, the carbon emission model for on-site transportation is optimized, resulting in a reduction of 35%–56% in on-site transportation emissions; (4) Incorporating the indirect impact of improved construction efficiency on carbon emissions into the calculation model, this indirect effect accounts for approximately 70% of the total emission reduction achieved by the prefabricated inverted arch technology.

Improving the methodology for calculating the thrust force during underwater crossing by directional drilling method

Improving the methodology for calculating the thrust force during underwater crossing by directional drilling method

Review on role of electrical discharge drilling methods in fabricating micro holes: formation mechanism, defects characterization and mitigation strategies

Review on role of electrical discharge drilling methods in fabricating micro holes: formation mechanism, defects characterization and mitigation strategies

Evaluation of infiltration testing methods for design of stormwater drywell systems

The current infiltration testing and drywell design methods do not always provide accurate estimates of the capacity of production-scale dry wells. In numerous cases, the predicted capacities appear to be considerably lower than the actual drywell capacity, resulting in more drywells than required and significantly higher construction and long-term maintenance costs. In other cases, the uncertainty in the measurements results in the predicted capacities being higher than the actual drywell capacity, resulting in fewer drywells being required. In this study, we discuss the reasons for these inaccurate predictions of drywell performance using current methods, as well as the results of recent studies to develop improved methods for predicting the capacity of stormwater infiltration drywells. These studies, funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Los Angeles County Safe Clean Water Program (SCW), include numerical simulations and field studies in California. These test methods rely on steady-state infiltration tests in small-diameter boreholes and produce an estimate of the saturated hydraulic conductivity, which can be used to reliably predict the performance of large-diameter drywells. The methods were validated by testing small- and large-diameter test wells in close proximity using three different drilling methods. The results of this study describe the design and conduct of a borehole infiltration test that accurately represents drywell performance. Furthermore, based on a combination of numerical simulations and field studies, reduction factors were developed to account for test uncertainty, test duration, analytical error, field variability, potential for groundwater mounding, and clogging.

Soft coal drilling technology and application based on air directional drilling

In China, there are many layers and a wide distribution of crushed soft coal seams, which are commonly characterized by complex structural stress, high gas pressure, and low mechanical strength of coal bodies. In response to the problems of hole collapse and spray during the drilling process of such coal seams, such as hole wall instability, drilling difficulties, and the existence of blind spots for extraction, a dual tube and dual action air directional drilling method was proposed for coal mine soft and fractured coal seams. The grading of protective casing and inner tube directional drilling tools was studied, the parameters of spiral casing blades were optimized, and air supply parameters such as air volume and pressure were studied. Numerical simulation and on-site testing methods were used to study the law of powder discharge and the optimal drilling process parameters. Research and field experiments have shown that the construction depth of dual pipe and dual action drilling can reach over 300 meters, effectively improving the hole formation rate and drilling construction accuracy and providing a new process method for precise drilling of deep holes while drilling in fragmented soft coal seams.

The Effect of The Drill Training Method on Increasing the Accuracy of Volleyball Services

This study aimed to examine the method to improve the accuracy of the upper serve in volleyball games. The method applied is experimental with a pretest-posttest design. The research participants are 20 female active students of SMPN 1 Tukdana who attend volleyball extracurricular activities. The treatment provided is top-service training using the drill method with target aids. The instrument utilized was the volleyball skills test from Russell-Lange. This skills test measures the level of service mastery in volleyball. The research results obtained an average initial test of 14.75, a final test of 25, a standard deviation of the initial test of 3.08, and a final test of 4.59. Data analysis results of normality test L count < L table is 0.04. This number stated the normal result because its value is lower than the maximum passing grade (< 0.20). Due to the results of the calculations, t count < t table, specifically 1.73, is < 2.10, which means that Ho is accepted. The results reveal that applying the drill training method effectively improves the quality of the volleyball top serve.

Experimental investigation and optimization of modification during coaxial waterjet-assisted femtosecond laser drilling

Waterjet-assisted laser drilling technology facilitates the fabrication of high-quality micro-holes by utilizing the collaborative benefits of waterjets and lasers. In this study, the coaxial waterjet-assisted laser drilling (CWALD) technique was employed to improve the properties of micro-holes during femtosecond laser drilling. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, the stability of the waterjet was initially verified by optimizing the structure of the watercourse and nozzle shape in the CWALD device. Furthermore, a comparative experiment between laser direct drilling (LDD) and CWALD revealed that while CWALD can produce well-rounded micro-holes with a high aspect ratio, it exhibits lower efficiency and results in a larger heat-affected zone (HAZ). To address these drawbacks associated with CWALD, a two-step coaxial waterjet-assisted composite laser drilling (TS-CWALD) method was proposed. TS-CWALD involves applying CWALD for secondary modification of micro-hole shape following LDD with punching. This modification process is pivotal for enhancing drilling accuracy but requires consideration of multiple parameters. For this purpose, regression models were established for the inlet diameter, outlet diameter, and taper; response surface methodology was then employed to optimize these parameters. Subsequently, interactive effects analysis was conducted on different responses based on laser pulse energy, frequency, modification speed, and number of modification cycles. The adequacy of the developed models was subsequently verified using analysis of variance methods. Finally, the successful fabrication of a film hole with an inlet diameter of 205 μm and an outlet diameter of 200 μm, featuring a taper of only 0.2°, was achieved ultimately through meticulous parameter optimization. Furthermore, the micro-hole retained a minimal HAZ. The optimized parameters encompassed a pulse energy of 20.6 μJ, frequency of 127 kHz, modification speed of 3 mm/s, and shape modification carried out over 335 cycles.

Ability to Write Scientifically with a Local Base Through the Application of the Drill Method of Mathematics

The problems found in the students’ writings were the use of Indonesian grammar that was not standardized, the use of incorrect punctuation, and the lack of scientific principles in writing proposals. The ideas written have not been systematic and they are not able to develop the ideas in writing activities, so students find it difficult to complete. This research aims to develop students’ writing skills based on local wisdom through the drill method, by conducting an experimental research type of two classes. The instrument used was a writing test and the data were analyzed using the t test at a significant level of 5%. Before conducting the t test, a prerequisite test was carried out, namely the normality test of the data and the homogeneity test. The results showed that the value of t arithmetic is greater than t table so that the accepted hypothesis is an alternative hypothesis, which means that the drill method can develop students’ scientific writing skills. Keywords: ability to write scientifically, application of the drill, mathematics