Double Track Research Articles

Analysis of the Operating Model on the Existing South Section of Xinyi-Changxing Railway

Operating suburban trains on existing railways has been highly valued in China due to the advantages of activating railway resources, reducing construction costs and improving the overall transportation efficiency. As a result, it is proposed that ‘operating suburban trains on existing railways’ is the key task of improving urban rail transit network. Recently, south section of existing Xinyi-Changxing Railway has experienced low passenger and freight volume, idle capacity and underutilized corridor resources. To take fully advantages of existing railway corridor resource, the study provides 5 schemes to operate suburban trains on the existing south section of Xinyi-Changxing Railway: Scheme A. Operating DMU trains on existing railway; Scheme B. Open reserved stations + operating DMU trains; Scheme C. Open reserved stations + electrification + operating EMU trains; Scheme D. Open reserved stations + electrification + operating EMU trains + increasing designed speed to 160km/h; Scheme E. Electrification + constructing a double track. The study could provide reference for the further research on operating suburban trains on the existing railways.

Narrative identity as a bridge between two historical models of identity: a sociologist’s perspective

The current concepts of identity widespread throughout social sciences are basically linked to two historical models. One is connected to psychology, while the other is related to sociology. In psychology, the concept of identity is traditionally considered to come from the work of Erik Erikson, who considers that identity is to be found in the deep structure of personality. Erikson studies the development of identity. He attributes central importance to the question of man’s inner unity. In sociology, the concept of identity is usually linked to George Herbert Mead, who traces identity back to interaction between the individual and society. According to this, identity is shaped by social conventions, which can be conveyed by a profession, a role or a social situation. As those constantly undergo change, the individual’s identity is continuously changing as well. Erikson’s is regarded as an essentialist approach, whereas Mead’s is called a constructivist one. The problem is not that there are differences between these two historical models, but that their adherents never or hardly ever reflect upon each other’s views. A solution to this problem could be offered through the concept of narrative identity, to which the author of this study attributes a bridging role, due to the recent appearance of several new theories which consciously undertake to “reconcile” the two historical models (“the double track”). The present study starts by describing the development and deepening of the current chasm between the two historical models. Next, it outlines several theories of narrative identity which are becoming increasingly popular both in sociology and in psychology. While the influence of the two historical models can also be detected in the theories of narrative identity, they make a perceivable effort to play a bridging role. If sociology wants to use narratives as sources in the research of identity, it should take into account the fact that the individual is striving to reach a kind of inner identity and stability even in late modern circumstances. Likewise, if narratives are to be used for research in psychology, it must be acknowledged that social circumstances in our modern world are extremely changeable, which hinders the formation of a stable, inner identity core. I suggest that that narrative identity started to be seen as bridge. In sociology, no reflection upon this process has begun yet. The aim of this study is to articulate the problem and to promote further reflection in sociology and psychology as well.

Does Monetary Compensation During Railway Construction Make Households Better-Off?

The main aim of this study is to investigate the implication of overpass and double line railway construction conducted by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) on changes in income generating asset and the level of welfare in the community. We surveyed 28 households in Gambarsari Village, District Kebasen as affected communities who received monetary compensation from PT KAI. Comparisons between pre and post construction implication on the income generating asset of this group were made using Wilcoxon test. To compare whether the affected community become wealthier after receiving compensation, a ratio of per capita income to regional decent standard of living or Kualitas Hidup Layak (KHL) was used. The results of this study find that monetary compensation given by PT KAI has no significant impact on income generating asset. This result may be explained by the fact that instead of spending the received compensation on investment purposes such as buying a new land or kiosk, they use it for consumption purposes such as house makeover and renovation. Another important finding was that this study did not show any significant increase in household welfare level after the monetary compensation was given. A possible explanation to this result is the fact that most of affected household are elderly people who prefer to spend the compensated money for consumption rather than new income generating asset. Keywords: Impact evaluation, Overpass and Double Track Railway Construction, Land Acquisition.

Coarsening of martensite with multiple generations of twins in laser additively manufactured Ti6Al4V

Generation of inherently complex thermokinetics and thermomechanical conditions during the laser powder bed fusion-based additive manufacturing (LPBF-AM) process makes it challenging to understand the evolution of internally twinned martensite structure in Ti6Al4V. In view of this, the present study employed the finite element method based multiphysics thermokinetic and thermomechanical model in complement with experimental observations via scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to study this occurrence. In order to understand the transient effects of thermokinetics and thermomechanics during multi-laser track treatment of LPBF-AM on evolution of the morphological features of martensite phase and twins, separate experiments involving laser surface melting with single, double, and triple laser tracks and conventional heat treatment (solutionized above β transus temperature of 1323 K followed by quenching in water at 298 K) of wrought Ti6Al4V were conducted. The major fraction of martensite laths were thinner in the water-quenched Ti6Al4V sample compared to LPBF-AM Ti6Al4V. The gradual coarsening and distortion of martensite lath seemed to occur with successive thermal cycles of single, double, and triple laser track treatments. In addition multiple generations of crystallographic twins were detected in LPBF-Ti6Al4V, which were rarely detected in solutionized and water quenched wrought Ti6Al4V. The multiple generations of twins were also distinct features of the single laser track treated wrought Ti6Al4V. The evolution of these morphologically and crystallographically diverse martensite phase structures were correlated with the computationally predicted thermokinetic and thermomechanical conditions during in-layer multi-laser track and multi-layer thermal treatments experienced during LBPF-AM process in the present study.

Dual Axis Solar Tracking System using LDR Senors

At present, the dual axis solar system is not being used properly. A single axis of solar energy system is more compact and more widely used than a double axis. However, a single axis tracking system is less effective but more efficient due to its economic viability. Therefore, we are analysing a double axis tracking system preferred tosingle axis tracking system. We use an independent method using a dummy solar tracker to check whether the sun’s rays reflected on the solar panel at a specific point at any given time based on the elevation calculations and azimuth angles of sunrays. To simulate the processes a simulation using the Borland C ++ builder is created. Here, azimuth-elevation angles are calculated accurately and precisely in any location and time.

RAILWAY STRUCTURES PERFORMANCE DUE TO FREIGHT INTERMODAL SERVICE AT BOJONEGORO – KALITIDU ROUTE


 
 
 
 Goods movement using container are quite efficiently assessed because it can carry a great amount of goods fit to container capacity. Freight transportations is a primary component of all supply-chain and logistics systems, but in contrary using a truck as its transportation means causing many problems such as air and noise pollutions, traffic congestions, road accidents and road damage. Depart from this facts, so government is looking for another means of freight transporter which more efficient with a bigger load capacity advantages. This options goes to train as a solutions of intermodal freight transportations lack. In order to supporting intermodal freight transportations, right now double track of railway is available for Jakarta – Surabaya route (Northern line route). By now, noted that freight transportation with double track railway frequency is potentially increase to 15 trip per days with capacity 500 TEU (Twenty feet Equivalent Units) per days and fuel consumptions (with truck) can be thrifted into 115 kl per days also reducing carbon monoxide emission amounts 350 tons per days. According with an official statements from Directorate General of Railways, Ministry of Transportations, explained that Jakarta – Bojonegoro route on double track railway is fully operated so this paper is conducted to determining feasibility of railway structure performance due to freight intermodal transportations at Bojonegoro – Kalitidu route. Railway structure performance feasibility is observed from loading distributions, rail strength, rail sleeper strength, and railway subgrade endurance to planned freight trains. As a result of this research obtained that tension force that occurred on rail is 830,10 kg/cm2 < permitted tension on rail (first class rail) 1325 kg/cm2. So, tension force that occurred on rail is safe. Moment force that occurred on rail bottom is 14521,25 kg.cm < permitted moment force (150.000 kg.cm) Moment force that occurred in the middle of rail sleeper is 58993,978 kg.cm < permitted moment force (93000 kg.cm). Tension force that occurred on above railway subgrade (σ2) is 4,17 kg/cm2 < qu (29,671 kg/cm2). It means that railway subgrade is capable to supporting load of freight transportation operations along Bojonegoro – Kalitidu route.
 
 
 

Big Data Processing Technology in Film and Television Post Production

Nowadays, the wave of digitization, networking and informatization is sweeping the world, which makes the visual image become an important way of communication and transmission of global culture. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the application of big data processing technology in film and television post production. The distributed computing power of MapReduce is used to extract the content features of video images, construct corresponding indexes, and store and retrieve them in HBase database according to the indexes to form a big data processing platform for video images. This paper deeply discusses the framework related theory as the support of big data processing technology in film and television post production, analyzes the common algorithms in nonlinear editing system, discusses the mirror effect monorail and double track special effects in video special effects, and makes the realization effect of each kind of special effects in the space domain, and makes some special effects among them, The implementation of compressed domain is discussed. In this paper, through the application of experimental video big data processing technology to the film and television post production of various possibilities, and draw the following conclusions: in extreme cases, the stunt tree becomes a one-dimensional linear structure, using traditional parallel topology sorting, the device parallelism is 0, and using pipeline scheduling, because of breaking the sequence between frames, can play a relatively large parallelism.

Implementation of Double Track System in Conviction Towards Special Expertise Crime

Sentencing must be guided by the principle of quae sunt minoris culpae sunt majoris infamiae (cruel crimes will be punished with cruel punishment). However, there must be a limit to the punishment (poenae sunt restringenade). In its implementation, the imposition of crimes against convicted people often creates ongoing problems in people's lives. Instead of aiming to popularize the convicts, in fact the imposition of crimes often causes suffering to the perpetrator and even his family. This study aims to determine the basis for justifying the imposition of sanctions in the punishment of criminals with special skills and to formulate the ideal concept of punishment for convicts with special skills in the future. This research is a normative legal research; the data source in this study uses secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The approach in this research uses a statutory approach, a comparative approach and a conceptual approach. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the basis for justifying the imposition of sanctions for criminal acts with special expertise is the Mark system of penalties. The use of the Double Track System in the punishment of convicts who have special expertise in the field of science so that it is in line with the criminal purpose of providing education, in addition to being convicted with the main crime, the convict is also subject to acts in the form of social work by teaching/transforming the knowledge/expertise possessed to people, many through certain educational/research institution/institutions online (on line).

Exploration and Application of Double Track Teaching Mode of Jade Carving Course in Independent College: Taking Jade Carving Course of Guangzhou College of South China University of Technology as an Example

Based on the actual situation of jade carving course in Guangzhou College of South China University of Technology, through the comparison between the two track teaching mode and the traditional jade carving classroom teaching mode in China, this paper explores how the master studio and the university classroom can jointly cultivate the creative application ability of jade carving design talents. From the practice of curriculum teaching, we can conclude three construction stages of the two track teaching mode: 1.Early stage: With the help of master studios, we can cultivate students' jade carving skill and help the construction of jade carving laboratory; 2. Middle stage: Master studios and full-time teachers of the college jointly teach the jade carving design course; 3.Later stage: Multi course intersection to improve the overall teaching quality.Through the three-stage curriculum construction, the students' practical ability and expressive ability of the combination of skill and art, and teachers' jade carving creation level and teaching skill could be strengthened, and the construction of jade carving laboratory scould be improved. Finally, the orderly and healthy development of the jade carving technology creation course will earnestly be promoted.

A computer approach to overtaking station track layout diagram design using graphs. An alternative track diagram proposal for these stations

The authors have addressed in the past different railway engineering problems, mainly using computer algebra systems. They recently showed how it was possible to obtain compatible routes overtaking stations on double track lines (with any number of tracks and any topology) dealing with cycles. As a side achievement it was found that there were alternative track layouts for this type of railway station. Here a complete and comprehensive new package denoted Estaciones, also implemented in Maple, that does not use cycles, is introduced. It offers different procedures related to reachability, trails, number of shortest paths, etc. As main achievement, an improved track layout diagram for overtaking stations (with advantages with respect to the one in the previous paper) is found. Note that track layout diagrams are a hot topic: for example, Adif (Spanish infrastructure administrator) is nowadays remodelling the track layouts of the main railway stations of Madrid, Seville and Barcelona.

Reformulation of Medical Rehabilitation against Victims of Narcotics Abuse in Indonesia

The criminal sanction that occurred against the perpetrators of narcotic users is still inclined to applyimprisonment rather than rehabilitation measures. The research is a normative legal research using a statute,case, and conceptual approaches. The results show that The essence of medical rehabilitation sanctionsimposing against victims of narcotics abusers who adhere to the double track system which is orientedto criminal and action sanction. Rehabilitation of narcotics abusers and addicts the purpose to cure thenarcotics dependence against abusers and addicts so that the abusers and addicts recover from narcotics. Inorder to realize a narcotics-free State, the implementation of medical rehabilitation sanction imposing mustreflect philosophical, juridical and sociological values while considers the legal development and needs ofthe community in implementing narcotics crime eradication.

Numerical Simulation Study on Cross Construction of Seawall Engineering and Bridge Foundation

In view of the overlapping project between the double track bridge of Ningbo-Taizhou-Wenzhou expressway and seawall, the large-scale three-dimensional finite element calculation is carried out by using the finite element software ABAQUS, the displacement limit of bridge pier top is studied, the internal force deformation of bridge pile foundation and its variation law in the process of seawall filling and later consolidation settlement are analyzed, and the influence of sea seawall filling on the stress and deformation of bridge pile foundation is studied. The calculation results show that: the main pier in the enclosure side of the two main piers in the design scheme is most affected by the construction of seawall. At the end of seawall construction, the longitudinal displacement along the bridge is 25.56cm, the transverse displacement is -10.68cm, and the settlement is 3.49cm. From the beginning of seawall construction to 15 years after the completion of seawall, the maximum longitudinal displacement along the bridge is -80.87cm, the maximum transverse displacement is -38.94cm, and the maximum settlement is 382.2cm, in which the settlement during the construction period is 346.0cm, accounting for 90.5%. The calculation results of design scheme show that the displacement of bridge pier top is too large, and the tensile stress of bridge pile is also large, therefore, it is necessary to optimize the design scheme to reduce the displacement of the bridge.

Comparative Application of Methods for Nodes Capacity Assessment

Nowadays a considerable percentage of trains mature delays due to nodes and stations congestion. They are normally a combination of effects of routes conflicts in stations on lines and propagation in stations of delays suffered along the lines. Station areas represent the bottlenecks of railway operations, due to many incompatible train routes crossing each other that lead to many potential conflicts between trains. Goal of the research is to compare some literature methods to study nodes capacity, by application of if-then processes to analyze stability or variability of results obtained by various timetabling to occupy the minimum capacity and increase the number of trains. It is a typical critical circuit, which can be seen as the bottleneck of the timetable to prevent conflicts and delays. In order to tackle the purpose, the paper introduces synthetically the methods and applies them systematically to a complex network, including single and double track lines and various typologies of stations. The further development includes the comparative applications of the analytical methods, with respect to variation of input data, and of a simulation approach.

Comparative Application of Analytical and Simulation Methods for the Combined Railway Nodes-Lines Capacity Assessment

Nowadays a considerable percentage of trains mature delays due to nodes and stations congestion. They are normally a combination of effects of routes conflicts in stations on lines and propagation in stations of delays suffered along the lines. In order to prevent the conflicts and minimize delays, desirable timetables should be robust; accordingly, an accurate estimation during timetable design and implementation is necessary. Goal of the research is to compare analytical and simulation methods for the assessment of railway lines and nodes capacity to pinpoint their mutual effects, analyze stability or variability of the obtained results achieved by traditional and innovative approaches. The work is included in a research framework with the final goal of optimizing the use of railway network capacity.In order to tackle the purpose, the paper introduces synthetically the methods and applies them systematically to a complex network, including single and double track lines and various typologies of stations.

Assessment of Ballast Flying in the National Railway Network of Ethiopia

One of the major problems in ballasted railroads is ballast flying, which is the projection of ballast particles from the at-rest position as the train passes over the track of a railway structure, mainly due to high speed. In this research, the possibility of railway ballast flying for the double track Addis-Adama section of the new Addis-Djibouti railway line is assessed by determining the major causes of ballast flying and applying Discrete Element Modeling (DEM) with the aid of Particle Flow Code (PFC3D) software. The analysis comprised of an impact load and ballast material behavior which were used to determine the vibrational speed of individual ballast particles. The governing result from the series of discrete element analyses performed by considering fouled ballast gradation with grain-size diameter of 22.4 mm gives rise to a ballast maximum vibrational speed of 0.014 m/s. Since the ballast vibrational speed for Addis Ababa-Adama line is less than 0.02 m/s that is recommended by the literature, no ballast flight is expected under the present traffic and ballast conditions.

A Socio-Economic Conditions of Society Affected by The Development of Overpass and Double-Track Railway in The Village of Gambarsari, Kebasen District, Banyumas District

The construction of road infrastructure in an area can displace residents who have previously inhabited the area. Likewise, the construction of double tracks and overpasses in Gambarsari Village, Kebasen District, Banyumas Regency. However, with the eviction, the Government takes action. The Government provided compensation that did not harm the community. This study aims to analyze the socio-economic conditions of the respondents who were evicted from the perspective of land area, living conditions and housing facilities, with 28 households evicted. The analysis method used a paired two-sample test by first testing the conditions for the normality of the data. The study results were that the average land area had decreased. However, as much as 57.14 percent of the respondents had an increase in land area. Respondent’s living conditions are all getting better with permanent buildings and there is also an increase in the score of living conditions for 67.86 percent of respondents. The condition of facilities where the respondents lived was increase in 25 percent of the respondents. The condition of the facilities includes from the good category to the complete category.

Optimal Energy Management of a Double-Tracking Grid-Connected Photovoltaic with Battery System for a Microbrewery

Currently, the production of craft beer in microbreweries has become very popular. This craft beer production process is energy intensive due heating and cooling equipment involved. Most of these breweries are classified as commercial loads which are subjected to the applicable commercial time-of-use tariff from the utility company. Renewable energy sources can also be used to assist the breweries in reducing their reliance on the energy from the grid. However, these systems show a common disadvantage of not always meeting the energy demand during the periods where the resources are not available. In this paper, an optimal energy management model of a 5 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic, using a double tracking system with battery storage, is proposed to reduce the microbrewery’s reliance on the grid. For this purpose, a mathematical model describing the system’s variables, objective function, and constraints are developed. Thereafter, the performance of the developed model is simulated and analyzed using the dynamic load demand of a microbrewery brewery as a case study in the South African context. For the selected brewery, the simulation results have shown that for the solar resources as well as applicable grid tariff; up to 53.5% daily operation cost reduction can be achieved when using the proposed system as comped to the usage of the grid alone.

Practice and Exploration on the Construction of Supervisor Team for Masters of Medicine under the Mode of Double Track Integration

Objective: Explore the new system for constructing a supervisor team of masters of medicine under the mode of double track integration. Methods: Based on the current construction of supervisor team for masters of medicine under the mode of double track integration, this paper tries to find proper methods to improve the construction of supervisor team for masters of medicine proceed from the discipline development, academic level, clinical and scientific research system, supervisor teaching arrangement, and transformation ability of science and technology. Results: Under the mode of double track integration, five aspects of the supervisor training system, selection system, supervisor group system, course leader system, and industry-study-research mode need to be integrated efficiently, thereby providing strong support for the development of masters of medicine supervisor team. Conclusion: In view of the current construction of the supervisor team for masters of medicine under the mode of double track integration, further integration will provide a feasible direction for the construction of the supervisor team for masters of medicine.

Exploration and Practice of Innovative Ability Training of Master of Medicine under the Mode of Double Track Integration

Objective: Explore the new mode of innovative ability training for master of medicine under the mode of double track integration. Methods: Based on the current situation of talent development for master of medicine under the mode of double track integration, it focuses on the difficulties and problems, and starts with the scientific research thinking, innovative consciousness, the integration of clinical and scientific research, construction of platform and faculty, and searches reasonable countermeasures to improve the innovative ability for master of medicine. Results: Under the mode of double track integration, it can be effectively integrated from the five dimensions of diversified training system, industry-study-research mode, double supervisor system, construction of discipline and experimental platform, teacher training and high-level talents to provide guarantee for the training of innovative ability of master of medicine. Conclusion: In view of the current situation of talent development for master of medicine under the mode of double track integration, it will provide a feasible direction for innovative ability training of master of medicine by deepening integration.

Not Citizens, Not Real People. The Italian Way of Governing Immigration through the Criminal Justice System

The aim of this article is to describe the specious use made of the Italian criminal justice system as a device to manage the demands for security due to the general perception of increased immigration flows in Italy. In particular, the article analyses - in each stage of the penal system from substantive criminal law, through criminal procedure law, to the prison system - the connection between the processes of criminalization and the use of extrajudicial measures to control immigration flows (such as border controls and expulsions). The results suggest that this criminal ‘double track’ (Italian citizens on the one side and migrants on the other) - with the subsequent hyper-incarceration of aliens and their final deportation as a consequence of the breach of either or both administrative and criminal law -is a disguised but deliberate choice of recent Italian legislative policy regarding the justice system.