Diverse Teams Research Articles

Future of Team Research: On Teamness and Dimensions of Variability in Teams

Teams are essential for most modern work. But who or what is a team? With today’s rapidly diverse team contexts and the diversity of research frameworks for studying them, there is no longer a definitive answer to this question. Thus, Cooke et al. introduced “teamness,” a construct through which future research can describe teamwork as a function of the many dimensions of variability between and within teams. In this multidisciplinary panel moderated by the two lead authors, we discuss the current state and future directions of team cognitive science in light of teamness as a guiding construct, along with its implications for human factors practice.

Exploring opportunities and challenges in promoting interethnic tolerance as a social good through virtual influencers

Purpose This paper aims to understand how virtual influencers (VIs) can promote interethnic tolerance, online, among youth as a social good. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducted qualitative research using interpretive analysis with RTA (Reflexive Thematic Analysis) on data collected through focus groups. Findings This paper revealed that the quality of the VI’s content is a leading factor influencing VI's ability to promote interethnic tolerance, but creating content that is constantly authentic, appealing and inclusive to diverse ethnic groups in a particular context is challenging. Research limitations/implications The study has some limitations related to the specific context on which it is focused and therefore transferring the findings to different contextual conditions requires caution, and also can be extended with positivist validation. Practical implications Findings from our study can drive future projects where real VI artifacts will play the role of a mediator in building strong relational trust among youth belonging to different ethnic groups. The findings indicate that VIs can be effectively used to foster interethnic tolerance if involve diverse team members who understand the ethnic culture deeply and social media experts, to create high-quality content to overcome some limitations. Social implications VIs can be used as social interventions to promote interethnic tolerance and to reduce prejudices and anxiety in online youth communication. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no known studies investigated the potential of VIs for promoting interethnic tolerance among ethnically diverse youth groups. Hence, this study paves the way for further refinement on using cutting-edge technology for social good, since it is highly challenging, often resulting in wasted money.

Cross-Cultural Management Practices in Multinational Corporations: Enhancing Organizational Effectiveness

Cross-cultural management in multinational corporations (MNCs) has become increasingly vital as organizations expand their operations globally. the significance of effective cross-cultural management practices in enhancing organizational effectiveness and achieving competitive advantage in diverse international markets. theoretical frameworks and empirical studies to identify key challenges and opportunities associated with cross-cultural management in MNCs. It investigates how successful organizations navigate cultural differences, leverage diversity, and promote inclusive leadership to foster innovation, collaboration, and cohesive organizational cultures across borders. Case studies and comparative analyses illustrate best practices and innovative approaches adopted by MNCs to address cross-cultural challenges. the importance of cultural intelligence, communication strategies, and adaptive leadership in managing diverse teams and aligning global strategies with local market dynamics.

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE LEVEL AMONG EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITIES IN RUSSIA AND CHINA

Background. As inclusive education and social participatory parity continue to develop, more and more professional-trained people with disabilities are seeking opportunities for integration into the workplace. However, they face various of challenges in the current work environment. From the perspective of the cultural model of disability, employees with disabilities vary from their able-bodied colleagues in terms of cognition or behavioral patterns. As a result, newer concept such as the disability cultural competence has emerged. In order to adapt and function well in diverse and inclusive work teams, the cultural intelligence of employees with disabilities has become vital yet to be deeply explored in Russia. Purpose. This paper attempts to reveal the cultural intelligence level of Russian employees with disabilities and to compare cultural intelligence between employees with disabilities from Russia and China. Materials and methods. Cultural intelligence has been measured through the Russia and Chinese adaptation Cultural Intelligence Scale among 25 Russian and 23 Chinese employees with disabilities. Then, SPSS 26.0 was used to carry out the descriptive analysis, normality test and mean comparison analysis. Results. Both Russian and Chinese employees' cultural intelligence are at average level. And Russian employees with disabilities have higher cultural intelligence level than the Chinese ones. Besides, this study underlined that there is no significant difference in cultural intelligence by ethnic, gender or type of disability while there is significant difference in cultural intelligence depending on the participants' age.

The Relationship Between Team Diversity and Team Performance: Reconciling Promise and Reality Through a Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Registered Report

The Relationship Between Team Diversity and Team Performance: Reconciling Promise and Reality Through a Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Registered Report

Impact of Pay Gap on Innovation Performance: The Moderating Role of Top Management Team Diversity

Impact of Pay Gap on Innovation Performance: The Moderating Role of Top Management Team Diversity

Using Focus Groups to Evaluate a Self-Assessment Approach to Coproduction Value Creation in an International Community of Practice: Phase 2 of the CO-VALUE Study.

Coproduction learning health system models clearly define the use of clinical and patient-reported data for system learning and quality improvement, but less is known about how to document formative learning about coproduction value creation over the course of a quality improvement initiative. The authors aimed to 1) assess the feasibility, utility, and acceptability of novel self-assessment tools for coproduction value creation and 2) identify domains of coproduction value creation. The authors conducted 4 focus groups with quality improvement teams from 4 health systems in the United States and Sweden between June 2021 and September 2023. A single analyst coded transcripts and proposed themes, with investigator triangulation validating results. Participants found the self-assessment tools acceptable and useful. The improvement passport was seen as more feasible for routine use than the full self-assessment guide. Peer learning within the community of practice, diverse multidisciplinary improvement teams, and leadership support facilitated teams' work. Domains of coproduction value creation included communication, self-efficacy, interconnectedness, direct and indirect costs of health care utilization, health professional experience, and access to the right care. Peer learning and camaraderie within the community of practice maintained momentum among participating teams during a challenging time of limited resources and mounting responsibilities in health care settings, suggesting enhanced resiliency through approaching difficult tasks in community. The authors identified themes of coproduction value creation and drivers of engagement. Future research will draw on the measurement domains established in this study to inform the development of measures of coproduction value creation. Those measures could then be incorporated into the data-rich environments of coproduction learning health systems to enhance focus on value from service user and professional perspectives.

The Effectiveness of Curcumin Nanoparticle-Coated Titanium Surfaces in Osteogenesis: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: This systematic review critically appraises and synthesizes evidence from in vitro studies investigating the effects of curcumin nanoparticles on titanium surface modification, focusing on cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. (2) Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar databases, yielding six in vitro studies that met the inclusion criteria. The search strategy and study selection process followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A qualitative methodological assessment was performed using the SciRAP (Science in Risk Assessment and Policy) method, which evaluated the reporting and methodological quality of the included studies. (3) Results: All six studies consistently demonstrated that curcumin-coated titanium surfaces inhibited osteoclastogenesis and promoted osteogenic activity, evidenced by enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. The mean reporting quality score was 91.8 (SD = 5.7), and the mean methodological quality score was 85.8 (SD = 10.50), as assessed by the SciRAP method. Half of the studies used hydroxyapatite-coated titanium as a control, while the other half used uncoated titanium, introducing potential variability in baseline comparisons. (4) Conclusions: This systematic review provides compelling in vitro evidence supporting the osteogenic potential of curcumin nanoparticle-coated titanium surfaces. The findings suggest that this surface modification strategy may enhance titanium implants' biocompatibility and osteogenic properties, potentially improving dental and orthopedic implant outcomes. However, the review highlights significant heterogeneity in experimental designs and a concentration of studies from a single research group. Further research, particularly in vivo studies and clinical trials from diverse research teams, is essential to validate these findings and comprehensively understand the translational potential of this promising surface modification approach.

The Role of Artificial Intelligence on Tumor Boards: Perspectives from Surgeons, Medical Oncologists and Radiation Oncologists.

The integration of multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTBs) is fundamental in delivering state-of-the-art cancer treatment, facilitating collaborative diagnosis and management by a diverse team of specialists. Despite the clear benefits in personalized patient care and improved outcomes, the increasing burden on MTBs due to rising cancer incidence and financial constraints necessitates innovative solutions. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical field offers a promising avenue to support clinical decision-making. This review explores the perspectives of clinicians dedicated to the care of cancer patients-surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists-on the application of AI within MTBs. Additionally, it examines the role of AI across various clinical specialties involved in cancer diagnosis and treatment. By analyzing both the potential and the challenges, this study underscores how AI can enhance multidisciplinary discussions and optimize treatment plans. The findings highlight the transformative role that AI may play in refining oncology care and sustaining the efficacy of MTBs amidst growing clinical demands.

The importance of team diversity in initial coin offerings (ICO) success

The importance of team diversity in initial coin offerings (ICO) success

Role of Local Flaps in the Reconstruction of Extensive Anterolateral Noma Defect: A Case Report

Abstract The scarring stage of noma disease often presents with composite tissue loss involving hard and soft tissues with resultant fibrosis making reconstruction a challenge. Microvascular reconstruction option is associated with good outcomes when the expertise is available. Trismus, which is caused by either soft tissue fibrosis or the union of the coronoid to the zygomatic complex, is also a common presentation. Effective treatment necessitates the involvement of a diverse team of specialists and the establishment of clear treatment objectives. This report presents a case of an extensive composite noma defect with trismus in a 9-year-old female managed using local flaps.

Balancing Diversity in analyst teams: Examining the impact of informational and social Diversity on analyst team Performance

Using detailed information on team analysts' background, we study how diversity and the type of diversity influence overall effectiveness and performance of an analyst team. Informational diversity reflects skills-based differences among group members, for instance, education background and work experience, while social diversity captures innate characteristics that individuals are born with, such as gender and ethnicity. We find that informational diversity is associated with less timely, but more accurate, forecasts. Social diversity has no impact on team performance. We find that group longevity moderates the negative association between informational diversity and timeliness. Further analysis indicates that the benefits of diversity is more pronounced when the forecast firm is more complex, but moderated when the brokerage house has greater access to proprietary information. Informational diversity decreases a team member's probability of gaining star status, thereby confirming the benefits of a homophilic environment. Our findings highlight that diversity is a double-edged sword for employees in the financial markets.

Why informationally diverse teams need not form, even when efficient

We introduce a model of team formation in which workers first match and then produce correlated signals about an unknown state. While it is efficient to maximize the number of informationally diverse teams, such teams need not form in equilibrium when output is shared equally. Our analysis identifies the two sources of matching inefficiency: (i) workers may form diverse teams that are beneficial to its members, but force excluded workers to form homogeneous teams, and (ii) even when a diverse team is efficient, a worker may prefer to join a homogeneous team if she can exert less effort than her teammate. We completely characterize each inefficiency.

Team informational resources, information elaboration, and team innovation: Diversity mindset moderating functional diversity and boundary spanning scouting effects

AbstractThe knowledge integration perspective on team innovation holds that information elaboration – the exchange, discussion, and integration of task‐relevant information and perspectives – is the core team process driving team innovation. Factors reflecting the informational resources the team can draw on through information elaboration therefore are important influences on team innovation. In this respect, team innovation research points to team functional diversity and to team boundary spanning scouting to acquire information from outside the team. Team innovation research also makes clear that informational resources (as reflected in functional diversity and boundary spanning scouting) do not guarantee team information elaboration, and that identifying moderation in this relationship is particularly valuable. Building on this state of the science, we focus on the moderating role of the team diversity mindset – members' shared understanding of the importance of information elaboration for team performance – in the relationships of team functional diversity and boundary spanning scouting with information elaboration and team innovation. A multi‐wave and multi‐source survey of N = 215 teams involved in knowledge work in various Chinese organizations supported our research model for team boundary spanning scouting but not for team functional diversity.

Safety first! Psychological safety as a driver of learning in functionally diverse, self-assembled teams

PurposeThis study aims to explore psychological safety as a potential moderating mechanism for the relation between functional diversity and individual perceptions of learning, and functional diversity and team performance in self-assembled teams.Design/methodology/approachTo test these relationships, the authors conducted a cross-level, time-lagged, quasi-experiment, using a sample of 143 self-assembled teams. In one condition, participants formed into functionally diverse teams, and in another condition, participants formed functionally homogeneous teams.FindingsResults suggest that functional diversity and psychological safety have an interactive effect on both individual learning and self-assembled team performance, albeit in different directions. Specifically, low psychological safety was more deleterious for individuals on functionally diverse teams than functionally homogeneous teams when it came to perceptions of learning, but the opposite was true when it came to team performance.Originality/valueThe results of this study indicate that it is critical to train team members on developing psychological safety, both in traditional and functionally diverse contexts.

A Qualitative Analysis of Cross-cultural Adjustment and Job Performance in the Hotel Industry: The Case of Saudi Arabia

Individual and organizational-level cross-cultural adjustments are necessary in the hospitality sector because of its diverse and dynamic teams and guests. The aim of this research is to comprehend the variables that explain how job performance is affected by cross-cultural adjustment. A qualitative study was carried out, with an emphasis on the traits of the Saudi culture and the opinions on job performance, satisfaction, and the overall environment at work. To determine how high-context and low-context cultural norms differ from one another and what effects they have on various levels, ten individuals were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to examine the transcribed data, find patterns, and discuss the most significant relationships. The results demonstrated that a cross-cultural adjustment in a team of hotel industry in Saudi Arabia is affected due to the lack of cultural balance and inclusiveness. This may lead to communication problems and a challenging work environment, which can affect employees' engagement and job performance. The recommendations included focusing on enhancing the present recruitment procedure to develop more culturally balanced teams and evaluating the team's time-management skills, which is a factor that makes it challenging for employees to participate in activities of diverse cultures.

Twenty-Five Years of Progress-Lessons Learned From JMIR Publications to Address Gender Parity in Digital Health Authorships: Bibliometric Analysis.

Digital health research plays a vital role in advancing equitable health care. The diversity of research teams is thereby instrumental in capturing societal challenges, increasing productivity, and reducing bias in algorithms. Despite its importance, the gender distribution within digital health authorship remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the gender distribution among first and last authors in digital health research, thereby identifying predicting factors of female authorship. This bibliometric analysis examined the gender distribution across 59,980 publications from 1999 to 2023, spanning 42 digital health journals indexed in the Web of Science. To identify strategies ensuring equality in research, a detailed comparison of gender representation in JMIR journals was conducted within the field, as well as against a matched sample. Two-tailed Welch 2-sample t tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, and chi-square tests were used to assess differences. In addition, odds ratios were calculated to identify predictors of female authorship. The analysis revealed that 37% of first authors and 30% of last authors in digital health were female. JMIR journals demonstrated a higher representation, with 49% of first authors and 38% of last authors being female, yielding odds ratios of 1.96 (95% CI 1.90-2.03; P<.001) and 1.78 (95% CI 1.71-1.84; P<.001), respectively. Since 2008, JMIR journals have consistently featured a greater proportion of female first authors than male counterparts. Other factors that predicted female authorship included having female authors in other relevant positions and gender discordance, given the higher rate of male last authors in the field. There was an evident shift toward gender parity across publications in digital health, particularly from the publisher JMIR Publications. The specialized focus of its sister journals, equitable editorial policies, and transparency in the review process might contribute to these achievements. Further research is imperative to establish causality, enabling the replication of these successful strategies across other scientific fields to bridge the gender gap in digital health effectively.

Challenges and Future Perspectives in Photocatalysis: Conclusions from an Interdisciplinary Workshop.

Photocatalysis is a versatile and rapidly developing field with applications spanning artificial photosynthesis, photo-biocatalysis, photoredox catalysis in solution or supramolecular structures, utilization of abundant metals and organocatalysts, sustainable synthesis, and plastic degradation. In this Perspective, we summarize conclusions from an interdisciplinary workshop of young principal investigators held at the Lorentz Center in Leiden in March 2023. We explore how diverse fields within photocatalysis can benefit from one another. We delve into the intricate interplay between these subdisciplines, by highlighting the unique challenges and opportunities presented by each field and how a multidisciplinary approach can drive innovation and lead to sustainable solutions for the future. Advanced collaboration and knowledge exchange across these domains can further enhance the potential of photocatalysis. Artificial photosynthesis has become a promising technology for solar fuel generation, for instance, via water splitting or CO2 reduction, while photocatalysis has revolutionized the way we think about assembling molecular building blocks. Merging such powerful disciplines may give rise to efficient and sustainable protocols across different technologies. While photocatalysis has matured and can be applied in industrial processes, a deeper understanding of complex mechanisms is of great importance to improve reaction quantum yields and to sustain continuous development. Photocatalysis is in the perfect position to play an important role in the synthesis, deconstruction, and reuse of molecules and materials impacting a sustainable future. To exploit the full potential of photocatalysis, a fundamental understanding of underlying processes within different subfields is necessary to close the cycle of use and reuse most efficiently. Following the initial interactions at the Lorentz Center Workshop in 2023, we aim to stimulate discussions and interdisciplinary approaches to tackle these challenges in diverse future teams.

Integrating youth participatory action research and health communication to inform youth and young adult covid-19 vaccine communication research.

COVID-19 vaccination rates remain lower among adolescents compared with adults. Youth participatory action research (YPAR) offers opportunities to inform youth vaccine communication at the local and population level. However, few studies have integrated systematic health communication research with YPAR. In the current study, a diverse team of paid high school interns, undergraduate student mentors and communication researchers in West Philadelphia YPAR programs developed a theory-informed communication survey to measure teen COVID-19 vaccine beliefs, information sources and behavior. The survey was distributed locally and informed youth-created vaccine campaign messages. In addition, YPAR-derived survey measures complimented a qualitative online elicitation survey with US young adults. Responses were coded using inductive content analysis, informing measures for a subsequent population-level study of young adults. This research followed protocols approved by an Institutional Review Board. Applying a YPAR framework elevated youth voices in the study development process. Communication theory and methods aided the development of survey studies to advance both local YPAR program objectives and population-level research. Future implications are discussed.

Signing auditors’ experience gap and audit quality

This study investigates how interactions between signing auditors with different levels of experience affect audit outcomes. Using the unique data from China, we find that a higher experience gap between signing auditors is associated with higher audit quality, as indicated by lower absolute discretionary accruals and a smaller likelihood of restatements. Further analyses suggest that the positive association between signing auditors' experience gap and audit quality is more pronounced for client firms that are more complex, have weaker corporate governance and higher information asymmetry, are audited by smaller audit firms, and are more economically important to auditors. Our results are robust to alternative research designs, alternative measures of auditor experience and audit quality, and other sensitivity tests. We contribute to the literature on auditor experience and audit team diversity with implications for audit firms’ personnel assignment.