Product Diversification Research Articles

Strategies for selecting trading partners based on economic complexity of international trade networks: A comparison between Chinese and the US markets

Selecting suitable trading partners in the globalized trade landscape remains critical. Traditional selection processes driven by factors like comparative advantage and trade costs are cumbersome and incomplete. Economic complexity offers a more precise measure of a country’s economic development and product capacity, facilitating future-oriented choices. Leveraging international trade data from 2001 to 2015, this paper employs economic complexity theories to analyze Chinese and the US’ trade networks in the global market. It explores multi-level considerations for exporting countries’ partner selection, revealing varying product diversification challenges and market clustering tendencies. China shows increasing overall product proximity relationships, specifically notable in textile-related products, while the US exhibits decreasing product proximities. Additionally, trading positions and product dependencies vary across markets. Some countries, like Japan and Germany, maintain stable positions, while others fluctuate. Notably, countries like Nigeria, Bangladesh, and Cambodia have higher positions in the Chinese market, suggesting promising long-term trade partnerships. Conversely, countries like Yemen, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, and Sudan have higher positions in the US market, indicating significant disparities. Products that are needed in the Chinese market and occupy higher complexity positions are primarily concentrated in the field of non-ferrous metals, while the US market relies more on raw materials. This highlights distinct market dynamics, particularly pronounced in the US market. Hence, there is a greater likelihood of obtaining better economic benefits by trading these products in their respective markets.

Managing Growth of Product Lifecycle at Maturity Level: A Systematic Literature Review

Through the synthesis and analysis of 64 papers, from JSTOR, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar data bases, include 2010-2024 of 15 years duration paper works. this systematic literature review identified major themes and provided insights into growth management strategies, marketing tactics, challenges, and opportunities, benefits, that managers confront in their quest to sustain competitiveness and profitability in mature markets. Product diversification, market segmentation, innovation management, cost-effective lifecycle planning, price strategies, market expansion, client retention, alliances, and collaboration are a few examples of important tactics. The difficulties include growing rivalry, market saturation, shrinking profit margins, and shifting consumer tastes. To maintain competition, there are nevertheless still chances to take advantage of economies of scale, brand equity, and customer loyalty. The review's insights deepen our understanding of how businesses may best manage opportunities and overcome obstacles to maximize product lifecycle management at various stages of maturity. By providing a comprehensive understanding of the existing body of knowledge, this review offers valuable insights for practitioners, managers, and researchers aiming to enhance product lifecycle management (PLM) strategies at the maturity level, ultimately contributing to the development of more resilient and adaptive business models and research gaps have identified that enabled to provide future research directions.

RESILIENCE AND LESSONS LEARNED IN COLOMBIAN FAMILY FARMING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

<p><strong>Background: </strong>A health crisis exposes people to food vulnerability by restricting the mobilization and commercial exchange of food. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an ample food supply was available to ensure the basic consumption of the population, prompting two questions: What resilient practices did farmers adopt to produce under conditions of high sanitary restriction, and what lessons did they derive to confront future crises? <strong>Objective:</strong> The article presents and collects the experiences of 59 small family farmers in Colombia in implementing good practices for economic and financial resilience and the lessons learned from the Covid-19 pandemic, constituting a new source of knowledge to understand human behaviors and actions in the face of adversity and the experiential learnings gained to act in future crisis scenarios. <strong>Methodology</strong>: To characterize the resilient practices of agricultural producers in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia, amid the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, researchers conducted interviews with 59 smallholder farmers from 12 municipalities. The study encompassed 11 agricultural products and 6 animal products, ultimately identifying three overarching categories: economic resilience, financial resilience, and lessons learned.<strong> Main Results: </strong>The results indicate strategies for diversification of production, use of local resources, solidarity-based family work, short marketing chains and an economy of scarcity in family spending. <strong>Implications: </strong>These lessons can inform future policies and practices to better prepare for and respond to similar challenges. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study's findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and small farmers, emphasizing the importance of local resource utilization, community cooperation, and adaptive strategies to enhance resilience and sustain livelihoods during crises. </p>

Unraveling the Potential of Microbial Flocculants: Preparation, Performance, and Applications in Wastewater Treatment

Microbial flocculants (MBFs), a class of eco-friendly and biodegradable biopolymers produced by various microorganisms, have gained increasing attention as promising alternatives to conventional chemical flocculants in wastewater treatment and pollutant removal. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of MBF research, encompassing their diverse sources (bacteria, fungi, and algae), major categories (polysaccharides, proteins, and glycoproteins), production processes, and flocculation performance and mechanisms. The wide-ranging applications of MBFs in removing suspended solids, heavy metals, dyes, and other pollutants from industrial and municipal wastewater are critically examined, highlighting their superior efficiency, selectivity, and environmental compatibility compared to traditional flocculants. Nonetheless, bioflocculants face significant challenges including high substrate costs, low production yields, and intricate purification methodologies, factors that impede their industrial scalability. Moreover, the risk of microbial contamination and the attendant health implications associated with the use of microbial flocculants (MBFs) necessitate thorough evaluation. To address the challenges of high production costs and variable product quality, strategies such as waste valorization, strain improvement, process optimization, and biosafety evaluation are discussed. Moreover, the development of multifunctional MBF-based flocculants and their synergistic use with other treatment technologies are identified as emerging trends for enhanced wastewater treatment and resource recovery. Future research directions are outlined, emphasizing the need for in-depth mechanistic studies, advanced characterization techniques, pilot-scale demonstrations to accelerate the industrial adoption of MBF, and moreover, integration with novel wastewater treatment processes, such as partial nitrification and the anammox process. This review is intended to inspire and guide further research and development efforts aimed at unlocking the full potential of MBFs as sustainable, high-performance, and cost-effective bioflocculants for addressing the escalating challenges in wastewater management and environmental conservation.

Development and assessment of a floating photovoltaic-based hydrogen production system integrated with storage options

The integrated system approach utilized in the current study represents an innovative approach to harnessing solar energy through a floating photovoltaic-based integrated plant featuring a diverse array of energy storage options. As part of this research, a solar energy system integrating both floating and concentrating solar technologies was designed at the specified site. Despite the constraints presented by the cold temperature at the chosen location, particularly during the winter months when solar irradiation is restricted, strategies are employed, such as exploiting the high albedo effect caused by the freezing of the water body, optimizing the application of solar radiation, and assuring the system's resilience and energy efficiency. Floating photovoltaic and concentrated solar panels are integral components of this advanced system, which is supplemented by underground hot and cold storage units, underground hydro-pumped storage, a multi-effect desalination system with freshwater storage, a lithium bromide absorption cooling system, and an alkaline electrolysis system for hydrogen and oxygen storage. This comprehensive energy strategy includes diverse storage and production technologies. The thermodynamic analyses and assessments employing the Engineering Equation Solver and the System Advisor Model provide some quantitative performance evaluations. The study considers time-dependent operational characteristics, illustrates the water withdrawal rates, energy and exergy efficiencies of the heating space temperature, inverter efficiency, GHI irradiance, mass, and volume values of the heat transfer fluid in both hot and cold tanks within thermal energy storage, annual cooling generation over a year, power production, hydropower storage, and hydrogen storage over a year. The system's concentrated solar panels are projected to generate an annual AC output of 180.79 GWh, with a yearly water usage of 14,055 m3, while floating panels are predicted to provide 7000 kWh with a 0.85 performance ratio. The overall energy efficiency of the current system is determined to be 51.76 %, and the exergy efficiency is found to be 55.41 %, respectively. Optimizing energy efficiency, utilizing diverse storage solutions, and utilizing aquatic environments minimizes environmental impact, and time-dependent analysis enhances perceptions of performance throughout different times and circumstances.

Business Development Strategy in the Jiwel Asli Mirasa Traditional Food Business Field Using SWOT Analysis and Business Model Canvas

This research aims to identify and analyze business development strategies that can be applied to the culinary food business “Jiwel Asli Mirasa”. The analysis method used in this research is SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and Business Model Canvas. Data were collected through interviews with business owners, direct observation, and case studies related to the culinary food industry. The results of the SWOT analysis identified internal strengths, such as the authenticity of product flavors and strategic location, as well as weaknesses, such as limitations in marketing and business development. On the other hand, external opportunities such as growing market demand for local culinary food and threats such as competition from established competitors were identified. Next, the Business Model Canvas was used to describe the current business model of “Jiwel Asli Mirasa” and evaluate key elements such as customer segments, value proposition, distribution channels, and key resources. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis and Business Model Canvas, several business development strategies are recommended, including product diversification, increasing marketing efforts through social media and cooperation with partners, and increasing product innovation. The implementation of these strategies is expected to help “Jiwel Asli Mirasa” to strengthen its market position and achieve sustainable growth in the culinary food industry.

Analysis of Financial Regulatory Challenges for the Development of Islamic Banking in Indonesia

This article aims to present an analysis of the regulatory challenges in Islamic banking supervision on the sustainability of business and financial models, with a case study on Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI). In the context of the growth of the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia, the main question raised is how regulation affects the sustainability of the business and financial models of Islamic banks, particularly BSI. This research uses a qualitative approach by analyzing relevant laws and regulations and a case study of BSI. The results show that complex and constantly changing regulations can be an obstacle to the sustainability of Islamic banks' business and financial models. Although BSI has adapted itself to the changes, challenges remain, especially in terms of meeting capital requirements, product diversification, and enforcement of sharia rules. In answering the research question, the author concludes that to achieve optimal sustainability, regulations need to be adjusted to better support the development of the Islamic banking industry, including providing incentives for innovation and consistent fulfillment of sharia principles.

THE MODERN TEACHER AS A SUBJECT IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING FUTURE PHD`S CULTURE OF ACADEMIC INTEGRITY: TEMPORA MUTANTUR, ET NOS MUTAMUR IN ILLIS

The article is aimed to characterize the skills and qualities of a modern university teacher in Ukrainian higher education as a subject in the process of forming the culture of academic integrity for the future Doctor of Philosophy. The instructor must showcase a profound grasp of the various scientific fields they teach, possessing the foundational knowledge to tackle diverse socio-economic, production, and cultural challenges. Furthermore, it is crucial for the instructor to remain abreast of new research, discoveries, and hypotheses, anticipating the evolving landscape of the science they teach and fostering a culture of scientific and pedagogical thought. Effective communication skills are essential for instructors, facilitating lucid and accessible explanations of intricate concepts and enhancing students’ comprehension of the material. The instructor’s capacity to stimulate the intellectual growth of PhD candidates, nurture creative and critical thinking, and employ innovative teaching methodologies delineates a high level of professionalism. An instructor should also be committed to encouraging the personal development of students, fostering their critical thinking, creative autonomy, and self-expression. All these efforts contribute to the cultivation of academic integrity among PhD candidates. In essence, these characteristics converge to transform the instructor into not just a conduit of knowledge but also a mentor who nurtures the scholarly potential of future PhDs.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Keterampilan Lokal dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif dan Pariwisata di Kampung Pelangi Semarang

This study aimed to explore the role of local skills in community empowerment in Kampung Pelangi Semarang, a tourist destination that has developed a community-based creative economy. The findings revealed that local skills such as handicrafts, painting, traditional performing arts, and culinary arts play a central role in economically empowering the community and promoting local cultural identity. Effective empowerment strategies included skills training, business assistance, and the formation of creative business groups that facilitated collaboration and product marketing. However, key challenges faced were limited access to capital, limited marketing reach, competition with mass products, and a lack of appreciation for the uniqueness of local skill products. To overcome these challenges, this study recommends strong synergy and collaboration among the community, government, academics, and the private sector. The government plays a role in providing access to capital, training, and business assistance. The private sector can be involved in expanding market opportunities. Academics can provide assistance and further studies. Additionally, local leadership and efforts to promote appreciation for local skills are crucial. To ensure sustainability, economic, social, and environmental aspects need to be considered in developing local skills. Product diversification, value addition, equal participation, and environmentally friendly production practices need to be adopted. The limitation of this study is its focus on a single case study in Kampung Pelangi Semarang, thus limiting the generalization of findings. Additionally, this study did not explore the environmental impact of creative economy and tourism activities in depth.

An Intelligent Manufacturing Management System for Enhancing Production in Small-Scale Industries

Industry 4.0 integrates the intelligent networking of machines and processes through advanced information and communication technologies (ICTs). Despite advancements, small mechanical manufacturing enterprises face significant challenges transitioning to ICT-supported Industry 4.0 models due to a lack of technical expertise and infrastructure. These enterprises commonly encounter variable production volumes, differing priorities in customer orders, and diverse production capacities across low-, medium-, and high-level outputs. Frequent issues with machine health, glitches, and major breakdowns further complicate optimizing production scheduling. This paper presents a novel production management approach that harnesses bio-inspired methods alongside Internet of Things (IoT) technology to address these challenges. This comprehensive approach integrates the real-time monitoring and intelligent production order distribution, leveraging advanced LoRa wireless communication technology. The system ensures efficient and concurrent data acquisition from multiple sensors, facilitating accurate and prompt capture, transmission, and storage of machine status data. The experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in data collection time and system responsiveness, enabling the timely detection and resolution of machine failures. Additionally, an enhanced genetic algorithm dynamically allocates tasks based on machine status, effectively reducing production completion time and machine idle time. Case studies in a screw manufacturing facility validate the practical applicability and effectiveness of the proposed system. The seamless integration of the scheduling algorithm with the real-time monitoring subsystem ensures a coordinated and efficient production process, ultimately enhancing productivity and resource utilization. The proposed system’s robustness and efficiency highlight its potential to revolutionize production management in small-scale manufacturing settings.

The Strategic Decision Making Analysis for a Semiconductor Company Based on SWOT Model

The focus of this work is to use SWOT analysis to assess the current situation of a company and determine its strategic direction. By gaining insight into a company's internal and external environment, we can better understand its strengths and weaknesses and use this information to make effective strategies and decisions. In addition, our research also shows that while companies perform well in new product development, customer-oriented approaches, and efficient market decision-making, there are still some limitations in financial management, production control, and product diversification that need to be addressed. The innovation of this work is the application of SWOT analysis to the strategic planning of fabless semiconductor companies. While SWOT analysis has been used in various industries and fields, applying it to fabless semiconductor companies is a novel approach. The significance of our study is that it provides a practical method to evaluate a company's competitive position and guidance for its future development. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of leveraging strengths, addressing weaknesses, and capitalizing on opportunities to ensure competitiveness and sustainable growth.

Peningkatan Keterampilan Mahasiswa Asrama Islamic College Siti Aisyah Malang Melalui Diversifikasi Produk Bakso Sehat

Purpose – The training and mentoring program for manufacturing meatballs for a group of female students at the Siti Aisyah Islamic College dormitory seeks to support and aid the dormitory's management's planned entrepreneur initiative. The program helped participants learn the fundamentals of livestock product processing, how to use technology, how to be creative, and how to develop their skills in processing animal products with varied product diversifications. Design/methodology/approach – The series of activities lasted four months. The service activities were divided into multiple stages, including socializing, training, and assistance with meatball production and diversification. The method was to conduct pre-coordination activities with the management of the Siti Aisyah Islamic College Dormitory, activity preparation, activity implementation in the form of socialization and discussion of livestock product processing, meatball training, mentoring female students, and activity evaluation. Female students were given questionnaires before and following the deployment of the aid. The data was analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods. Findings – This project created preservative-free meatball goods and several product variations, including original, vegetable, and cheese meatballs. The program resulted in a 70% improvement in understanding of processing livestock products, as well as an 80% rise in meatball-making abilities and variants. Originality/value –The meatball training program could be an alternative entrepreneurial curriculum designed by the association's board. Training may help students improve their abilities and gain experience, as well as motivate them to grow their businesses.

Education to Strengthen the Economy of the Utilization of Aren Nira Producing Bioetanol in Lonuo Village, Bone Bolango District

This economic education activity for palm sap farmers aims to provide economic strengthening and build awareness among the public, especially palm sap farmers, that palm sap water can be utilized and made into several products with high economic value, for example bioethanol products. Apart from that, it can also minimize the negative impact of the production of alcoholic drinks made from palm sap in Lonuo village. This activity uses educational methods, socialization and community assistance for sugar palm sap farmers. Empowering sugar palm farmers through product diversification is the key to increasing the quality and quantity of sugar palm sap products into various marketable products such as bioethanol. This economic education activity for palm sap farmers has had a positive impact and response from the Lonuo village community. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of the community in participating in activities at the village office. The community received education well and smoothly and increased public understanding regarding the use of palm sap into products of high economic value such as bioethanol.

The Impact of High‐standard Free Trade Areas on the Diversification of China's Export Products: Expanding Market or Intensifying Competition?

The Impact of High‐standard Free Trade Areas on the Diversification of China's Export Products: Expanding Market or Intensifying Competition?

ANALISIS SWOT SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KOPERASI MAKMUR MANDIRI

Makmur Mandiri Cooperative is an economic entity that plays a crucial role in empowering the community through financial services and business development. In the dynamic context of business environment changes, cooperatives need to adopt the right strategies to strengthen their position in the market and achieve sustainable growth. One of the approaches used is the SWOT analysis, which enables cooperatives to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that affect their performance and business development strategies. This journal aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of internal and external factors influencing Makmur Mandiri Cooperative and to formulate effective business development strategies. Through secondary data collection, observations, and interviews with relevant parties, this journal presents a comprehensive SWOT analysis, identifying strengths such as good reputation and loyal membership, weaknesses such as limited financial resources, opportunities such as market growth and new technologies, and threats such as intense competition and regulatory changes. The results of this SWOT analysis are then used as a basis for formulating effective action plans in the business development of Makmur Mandiri Cooperative. Proposed strategies include product diversification, effective marketing, utilization of information technology, and strategic partnerships.

Examining the confluence of climate change and conflicts on agricultural and livestock exports in Somalia

Climate-induced extreme weather events and conflicts are jointly contributing to disruptions in agricultural supply chains and destabilizing global food trade. Since the literature has identified that variations in climatic conditions hamper farming and animal raising, it is necessary to explore the consequences of climate change on crop and livestock exports in order to implement policies that mitigate the exposure and enhance exports. In this context, this study aims to examine the confluence of climate change and conflicts—internal and external—on agricultural and livestock exports in Somalia during 1985–2017. The evidence from the cointegration analysis verified the presence of a consistent long-run cointegration between the variables. The empirical results of the ARDL approach indicate that average rainfall enhances agricultural and livestock exports in Somalia in the short-run and long-run, while mean temperature particularly hampers agricultural exports in the long-run. Despite livestock production was found to be statistically insignificant, crop production positively contributes to agricultural exports. In addition, increases in rural population enhance both export categories in the short-run and long-run. A striking finding from the study indicates that internal and external conflicts decrease crop and animal exports in the long-run, although the coefficients of external conflicts were statistically insignificant. The long-run findings were validated using the FMOLS cointegration approach. Moreover, the causality findings demonstrate a unidirectional causality from agricultural exports to precipitation, temperature fluctuations, and internal conflicts. Furthermore, the study shows that agricultural labor Granger causes farm and livestock exports. To this end, this study recommends policymakers promote product diversification, foster sustainable land management practices, facilitate market access, and invest in resilient farming systems.

Exploring the Integration of Visual Assembly Process Among the 3C Manufacturing Firms in China

The study delved into the visual assembly process planning and information systems within the context of the ever-evolving manufacturing landscape. The manufacturing sector had witnessed a shift from traditional assembly methods, often plagued by inefficient manual processes, to a more technologically advanced approach involving 3D visualization and information systems. The aim of this study was to improve assembly processes' efficiency, accuracy, and flexibility. Incorporating insights from existing literature, the study outlined the significance of visual assembly process planning using immersive virtual reality and virtual reality technology in enhancing assembly efficiency and product quality. Additionally, the study emphasized the impact of digital assembly based on virtual assembly process planning on productivity and quality. These technologies optimized the assembly process, reduced errors, and improved product quality, with practical applications for the manufacturing industry. Nonetheless, challenges, including system integration issues, had hindered the seamless integration of assembly systems and technologies, affecting efficiency and quality. To overcome these challenges, a comprehensive plan was presented. This plan spanned various aspects of manufacturing, such as organizational structure, product diversification, workforce optimization, technology integration, quality enhancement, and cost reduction, culminating in profitability enhancement. The research provided valuable insights for academia and practice, offering a promising path to optimizing production processes, improving assembly efficiency and quality, and reducing carbon emissions. In the face of global climate change, the integration of visual assembly processes in 3C manufacturing enterprises held the potential to enhance competitiveness and contribute to sustainable development.

Kebaron Village community empowerment through edutourism innovation

Kebaron Village, recognized as a tourist destination boasting extensive rose-picking gardens, continues to encounter several challenges in managing its tourist area, resulting in suboptimal tourism potential and a limited number of visitors. These challenges encompass a dearth of directions to tourist sites and a lack of product diversity that appeals to visitors. This community service aims to bolster garden management and maximize the tourism potential of Kebaron Village by enhancing tourist allure through the improvement of facilities and the diversification of derivative products from red guava fruit. The methods employed include the installation of road signposts, creation and installation of Sapta Pesona points, as well as education on clean production and assistance in producing derivative products. The outcomes of this program entail an enhanced public understanding of clean production, along with improved skills in crafting derivative products from guava fruit, such as ice cream and leather. Additionally, the installation of road signposts and Sapta Pesona points has effectively heightened the accessibility and tourist allure of Kebaron Village.

Externalities of Sanctions Impact on Russian Economy

The work reveals the economic motives for decision-making by the leading world powers and the features of the development of the Russian national economy in the context of measures taken by the Government of the country in the conditions of a changing geopolitical reality. The emphasis is made on the need to manage the risks of foreign economic activity after the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions by unfriendly countries with developed economies. The degree of dependence of the Russian Federation on high-tech goods, components, software and at the same time low diversification of production for the main export items has been revealed. Promising markets for export goods and potential importers as well as partner countries for the development of mutual trade in products and services have been identified. Acceptable solutions and current anti-crisis support measures from the state in the form of subsidizing lending rates, creating “new growth points” in the economy by allocating funds for import substitution programs, etc. are outlined. An assessment of the possible damage to several friendly countries from the attempt to economically isolate one of the world’s largest economies has been completed. The countries of Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America are considered the main regions for the future development of international cooperation. The BRICS bloc for Russia is becoming a key integration association in terms of transforming industrial, logistics and financial chains in the global economic space. As a result, constructive conclusions about the need to use diplomatic measures to maintain neutrality and create interstate agreements that contribute to a more intensive opening of the internal markets of friendly countries for the development of mutual trade in raw materials and high-tech goods are given.

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PRODUK DIVERSIFIKASI PELEPAH PISANG BAGI WARGA DESA DUWET KAB.MALANG

Banana fronds or Gedebog in Javanese, banana fronds are one part of the banana tree that is rarely 'touched', even though banana fronds themselves contain many vitamins and are rich in health benefits. Therefore, it is feasible to increase the value of the product and its selling value so that it can be enjoyed by the wider community as a healthy snack product through diversification of banana fronds into banana frond chips that can be accepted by the community. Duwet Village as a good banana producing village, has not yet understood the diversification of products that can be processed from banana fronds. The methods used in this activity are a) Initiation of PPM Activity Program, b) Transfer of Knowledge, c) Discussion and Q&A, d) Problem Discussion. The training participants were mothers of Duwet villagers who were housewives, farmers, and who did not have a fixed income. The results of this activity found several obstacles that not all types of bananas, the fronds can be diversified into banana frond chips, for the process of making this product also has special criteria related to down time production time.