Elementary School District Research Articles

Unification and Its Discontents

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, during the height of protests and actions by civil rights activists around de facto school segregation in the Los Angeles area, the residents of a group of small cities just southeast of the City of Los Angeles fought to break away from the Los Angeles City Schools and create a new, independent school district—one that would help preserve racially segregated schools in the area. The “Four Cities” coalition was comprised of residents of the majority white, working-class cities of Vernon, Maywood, Huntington Park, and Bell—all of which had joined the Los Angeles City Schools in the 1920s and 1930s rather than continue to operate local districts. The coalition later expanded to include residents of the cities of South Gate, Cudahy, and some unincorporated areas of Los Angeles County, although Vernon was eventually excluded. The Four Cities coalition petitioned for the new district in response to a planned merger of the Los Angeles City Schools—until this time comprised of separate elementary and high school districts—into the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD). The coalition's strategy was to utilize a provision of the district unification process that allowed citizens to petition for reconfiguration or redrawing of boundaries. Unification was encouraged by the California State Board of Education and legislature in order to combine the administrative functions of separate primary and secondary school districts—the dominant model up to this time—to better serve the state's rapidly growing population of children and their educational needs, and was being deliberated in communities across the state and throughout Los Angeles County. The debates at the time over school district unification in the Greater Los Angeles area, like the one over the Four Cities proposal, were inextricably tied to larger issues, such as taxation, control of community institutions, the size and role of state and county government, and racial segregation. At the same time that civil rights activists in the area and the state government alike were articulating a vision of public schools that was more inclusive and demanded larger-scale, consolidated administration, the unification process reveals an often-overlooked grassroots activism among residents of the majority white, working-class cities surrounding Los Angeles that put forward a vision of exclusionary, smaller-scale school districts based on notions of local control and what they termed “community identity.”

Math and Economics: Implementing Authentic Instruction in Grades K-5

The purpose of this study is to outline a partnership program that involved a local elementary school district, an institution of higher education, the local business community, and a state economic education advocacy group to integrate economics into math in grades K-5. The “Economics: Math in Real Life” program was provided in collaboration with a Title I program to integrate economics and personal finance content into mathematics instruction to demonstrate real-life applications of math concepts and increase students’ knowledge in this content area. Pretests and posttests were administered to gauge effectiveness of the authentic instruction program in increasing student knowledge in math and economics and teacher knowledge in economics. Empirical results indicate learning occurred in both math and economics for students in grades 3-5 and in economics for teachers.

Mathematical development: the role of broad cognitive processes

This study investigated the role of broad cognitive processes in the development of mathematics skills among children and adolescents. Four hundred and forty-seven students (age mean [M] = 10.23 years, 73% boys and 27% girls) from an elementary school district in the US southwest participated. Structural equation modelling tests indicated that calculation complexity was predicted by long-term retrieval and working memory; calculation fluency was predicted by perceptual processing speed, phonetic coding, and visual processing; problem solving was predicted by fluid reasoning, crystallised knowledge, working memory, and perceptual processing speed. Younger students’ problem solving skills were more strongly associated with fluid reasoning skills, relative to older students. Conversely, older students’ problem solving skills were more strongly associated with crystallised knowledge skills, relative to younger students. Findings are consistent with the theoretical suggestion that broad cognitive processes play specific roles in the development of mathematical skills among children and adolescents. Implications for educational psychologists are discussed.

Elementary school generalist teachers’ perceived competence to deliver Ontario’s daily physical activity program

The objective of this study was to examine the perceived competency of elementary school generalist teachers to deliver the government-mandated Daily Physical Activity (DPA) program. An e-survey was circulated to 20 elementary schools in a southern Ontario school board district. One hundred and thirty-six generalist teachers completed the survey from an initial pool of approximately 261 (response rate = 69%). Multiple linear regression was used to establish model fit and the prediction of participants’ perceived competence (dependent variable) to deliver DPA based on their motivation, school environment, and skills (independent variables). The most significant finding of this research is that nearly half of teachers surveyed (46%) reported that this mandatory program is not active in their schools. Additional analysis suggests that a majority of elementary teachers in this district lack specific DPA training and the motivation to teach the DPA program. The results not only suggest that the DPA program is not uniformly operationalized across the school board district, they also suggest that teacher competency may be a precondition for the DPA or other physical activity programs in elementary schools.

A Study on the Extraction of Area Characteristics that affect the incidence of Traffic Accidents and Urban Crime - Case study of the Elementary School District in Toyota City -

A Study on the Extraction of Area Characteristics that affect the incidence of Traffic Accidents and Urban Crime - Case study of the Elementary School District in Toyota City -

The Dove Club: Challenging Perceptions of Body Weight in Elementary School

This paper examines the creation of the Dove Club, an initiative at a Peel District Elementary School, by asking how the creation of the Dove Club is situated in a broader discussion of healthism and the increase in popular concern surrounding the alleged obesity epidemic. Reviewing the literature on the “obesity epidemic,” fat studies, and education, I highlight the impact of the “obesity epidemic” discourse on schools. In this paper, I analyze the mission statement of the Dove Club, and personal correspondence with a founding teacher. Using a social constructionist lens, I argue that the Dove Club reconstructs claims of health and healthy living by positioning teachers as key role models for young female students. Additionally, the Dove Club focuses on aspects of health, such as positive self-esteem, role modeling, and healthy living that are not intrinsically linked to weight. I interpret these actions as successful contributions to health by employing a Health At Every Size lens.

Meningkatan Hasil Belajar Service Bawah Dalam Permainan Bola Voli Melalui Permainan Bolkendi

This study aims to improve the learning process through bolkendi game service in order to improve learning outcomes for the volleyball game. The research method used was Classroom Action Research. The subject of this research is on a Class IV student Delegtukang Public Elementary School District of Pekalongan Wiradesa 2013/2014academic year with 28 students. Data analysis was performed by descriptive comparative aimed to compare the before and after a study conducted remedial action. From the research conducted, an increase in student learning outcomes from the initial condition to cycle 1 and cycle 2cycle average value of 1 (71.99) and the average cycle 2 (81.46), so that an increase of the initial conditions to cycle 2 is (9.47). Increased movement to the service learning volleyball can be seen from the KKM (73), after the action in cycle 1students who pass the values learned as many as 16 of the 28 students (57.14%) and in cycle 2 which has a value of as much as 28 above KKM of 28 or completion of(100%). The conclusion of this study is the use of games can improve learning outcomes bolkendi service under volleyball game for the fourth-grade students of State Elementary School Delegtukang Wiradesa Pekalongan District of academic year 2013/2014

Comparing the Self-Control and Behavioral Problems of Girls in Employed and Unemployed Mothers

This research aims to compare styles of self-control and behavioral problems of girls in employed and unemployed mothers. In this research that was done using casual-comparison method (after events) 100 employed mothers and 100 unemployed ones of girls of elementary schools in district 4 of Tehran were selected as the sample based on cluster-random method. Self-control questionnaire (Allahverdipour et al., 2005) and children’s behavioral problem questionnaire (parental form, 1994) were used for information collection that was previously normalized in studies conducted in Iran and its validity has been confirmed. In this research, reliability of the questionnaire was assessed through Cronbach alpha and was confirmed with a high reliability of 0.80. The t-test was used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the average of self-control in employed mothers is significantly more than that in unemployed mothers. Also, the results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between girls of employed and unemployed women in hyperactivity and aggression, anxiety and depression, disorder, and lack of attention. This research confirms that employment of women results in enhancement of behavioral disorder among children. It is suggested that policy makers and planners in the country must pay attention to this point.

MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SISWA MEMBUAT KALIMAT SEDERHANA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PICTURE AND PICTURE BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL

The general objective of classroom action research is to improve student learning outcomes in Indonesian language teaching while the specific goal to improve students' skills in making simple sentences through Learning Model Picture and Picture-Based Local Wisdom in Class III State Elementary School Kalisube first semester of school year 2015 / 2016. Subjects were all third grade students of State Elementary School District of Banyumas Kalisube first semester of academic year 2015/2016 the number of students 31 students consisting of 17 male students and 14 female students. Implementation of Class Action Research through two cycles of the first cycle and the second cycle. Research shows that learning outcomes Indonesian material to make a simple sentence on the initial conditions is very low at an average value only reaches 72.1 class that is still under KKM (limit class completeness) are 75. Then once held the action in the first cycle by means teaching teachers use learning model Picture and Picture-Based Local Wisdom average value that was originally only 72.1 rose to 74 as well as learning the liveliness of 61.3%. After holding action on the second cycle with the teacher in the learning using learning model Picture and Picture- Based Local Wisdom with some pictures of puppet characters Banyumas held by all the students the value of the average grade in the first cycle 74 rose to 95 and activeness study reached 87, 1%. The conclusion in the classroom action research based on the study of theory and empirical data turns with use of the learning model Picture and Picture-Based Local Wisdom increased. Thus the hypothesis that the researchers propose in this Class Action Research is “proven”. Keywords: sentence-making skills, Picture and Picture-Based Local Wisdom learning models, Banyumas puppet

Effects of Classroom Ventilation Rate and Temperature on Students' Test Scores.

Using a multilevel approach, we estimated the effects of classroom ventilation rate and temperature on academic achievement. The analysis is based on measurement data from a 70 elementary school district (140 fifth grade classrooms) from Southwestern United States, and student level data (N = 3109) on socioeconomic variables and standardized test scores. There was a statistically significant association between ventilation rates and mathematics scores, and it was stronger when the six classrooms with high ventilation rates that were indicated as outliers were filtered (> 7.1 l/s per person). The association remained significant when prior year test scores were included in the model, resulting in less unexplained variability. Students’ mean mathematics scores (average 2286 points) were increased by up to eleven points (0.5%) per each liter per second per person increase in ventilation rate within the range of 0.9–7.1 l/s per person (estimated effect size 74 points). There was an additional increase of 12–13 points per each 1°C decrease in temperature within the observed range of 20–25°C (estimated effect size 67 points). Effects of similar magnitude but higher variability were observed for reading and science scores. In conclusion, maintaining adequate ventilation and thermal comfort in classrooms could significantly improve academic achievement of students.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PASSING BAWAH MELALUI MODIFIKASI PERMAINAN KOMPAS BOLVI PADA SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 01 DUWET KEC BOJONG KAB PEKALONGAN TAHUN 2013/2014

This study is action research with subjects of this study were fifth grade students of SD Negeri 01 Duwet which consists of 25 students . The variables of this study are student learning outcomes in learning volleyball on material passing down . Data collection techniques in this study consist of a class action practice test method , observation , and documentation . The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis using the techniques of classical completeness percentages are compared with indicators of success . The results showed an increase in the average acquisition value and the percentage of student mastery . In the first cycle, the average value is 60.97 students increased to 71.50 in the second cycle . While the percentage of completeness in the first cycle was 44 % with a qualifying was increased to 76 % with higher qualifications in the second cycle . Based on the results of this study concluded that learning under volleyball passing through modification bolvi compass games can improve learning outcomes volleyball in grade V Elementary School District 01 Duwet Bojong Kab Pekalongan.

PROFESIONALISME GURU SD NEGERI SE-KECAMATAN WARUNGASEM KABUPATEN BATANG Suatu Tinjauan Aspek Persepsi Guru tentang Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Motivasi Berprestasi Guru

The purposes of this study were: to analyze the influence of teacher perceptions of principal leadership to teacher profesionlisme, 2) to analyze the influence of achievement motivation to teacher, and 3) to analyze the influence of teacher perceptions of principal leadership and teacher achievement motivation teacher profesionlisme Elementary School District as Batang Warungasem. The quantitative approach is used in this research with population consists of all elementary school teachers as Warungasem Batang district with the status of civil servants, amounting to 190 people. The Sample are 148 people. Data collection method in this study is conducted through a questionnaire. The validity and reliability instrument have been test and that result is significant on 5%. The results showed that: 1) the teachers’ perceptions of principal leadership have a positive and significant effect to the teacher professionalism at 5%, 2) the teachers achievement motivation have a positive and significant efect to the teacher professionalism at 5% and 3) the teacher perceptions of principal leadership and teacher achievement motivation have a positive and significant effect on teacher professionalism elementary School District as Warungasem Batang at 5% significance level.

HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS NARASI

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of achievement motivation and ability to think critically with ability to write narrative. This study is the correlation was conducted in the public elementary school district subdistrict Cibitung Bekasi. Samples were obtained by simple random sampling technique. The sample size was 100 people with 25 people each at any public elementary school. This study used a survey method with a correlation technique (connectedness). The result show that there is a positive relationship between: (1) achievement motivation with ability to write narrative; (2) ability to think critically with ability to write narrative; (3) achievement motivation and ability to think critically with ability to write narrative. Based on the findings in this study, the authors suggest that educators approached by students using interesting and appropriate learning media so as to enhance the achievment motivation and ability to think critically of students and to facilitate studentsnin writing narrative process activities.
 
 Keywords: achievement motivation, ability to think critically, ability to write narrative

새주소지도를 이용한 초등학생 통학 안전성 평가 방법

The purpose of this study is to propose a methodology to automatically evaluate walking safety for elementary school students. In this study, the appearance frequency of hazardous objects or inconveniences that exist in the path from dwelling units in a certain elementary school district to the elementary school is proposed as an indicator to evaluate walking safety. In order to automatically retrieve the indicator value, this study (i) used the Map of Saejuso; (ii) extracted the path from a dwelling unit to an elementary school(urban path history); and (3) developed an application to extract the number of facilities that cause danger and inconvenience to commuting to school in the path. The application has been used for a real city to prove the validity and effectiveness of the methodology.

Our Choice/Nuestra Opción: the Imperial County, California, Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration study (CA-CORD).

Despite recent declines among young children, obesity remains a public health burden in the United States, including among Latino/Hispanic children. The determining factors are many and are too complex to fully address with interventions that focus on single factors, such as parenting behaviors or school policies. In this article, we describe a multisector, multilevel intervention to prevent and control childhood obesity in predominantly Mexican-origin communities in Southern California, one of three sites of the CDC-funded Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (CA-CORD) study. CA-CORD is a partnership between a university-affiliated research institute, a federally qualified health center, and a county public health department. We used formative research, advisory committee members' recommendations, and previous research to inform the development of the CA-CORD project. Our theory-informed multisector, multilevel intervention targets improvements in four health behaviors: fruit, vegetable, and water consumption; physical activity; and quality sleep. Intervention partners include 1200 families, a federally qualified health center (including three clinics), 26 early care and education centers, two elementary school districts (and 20 elementary schools), three community recreation centers, and three restaurants. Intervention components in these sectors target changes in behaviors, policies, systems, and the social and physical environment. Evaluation activities include assessment of the primary outcome, BMI z-score, at baseline, 12-, and 18-months post-baseline, and sector evaluations at baseline, 12, and 24 months. Identifying feasible and effective strategies to prevent and control childhood obesity has the potential to effect real changes in children's current and future health status.

Labour Productivity Analysis on Female Elementary Teachers in Elementary School District of Serengan Surakarta

The research aims in the long term at investigating and improving the labour productivity on female elementary teachers in Serengan Surakarta. It is hopefully enrich the role of woman in academic discipline. Whereas the short term of this research is to improve family’s earning by encouraging woman’s role at home without leaving their rights and nature of a woman. This way is hopefully enrich human resources quality that improve Indonesian development. This research employs survey method; to analyze female elementary teachers’ labour productivity. Data collecting technique by means of interview; by filling out questionnaires. Purposive random sampling employs in gathering sampling. The sample in this research is 100 female elementary teachers in 10 elementary schools of Serengan Surakarta. Data analyzing technique is SPSS version 19. The results of this study are (1) partially, educational background gives no significant effect on the labour productivity of female teachers, (2) while the economic and expertise gives positive and significant effect of the labour productivity of female teachers. (3) Variable of education, expertises and economic give significant effect toward the labour productivity. (4) Among these three variables, namely the educational background, expertise and economic, the second mentioned is the most dominant one. (5) the contribution of these three variables; educational background, expertise and economic toward the labour productivity is 32,9%. While another contribution play its influence more for 67,10% which is not include in the variable of this research.

A Brief Report of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Oral Reading Fluency and Reading Inventory Levels for Reading Failure Risk Among Second- and Third-Grade Students

The availability of psychometrically sound and usable universal screeners is a key component to successful early identification within a response-to-intervention model. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of oral reading fluency (ORF) and an informal reading inventory for identifying students considered at risk for failing a district-wide assessment. Participants included 968 students in 2nd and 3rd grade in a rural elementary school district in Minnesota. Results showed significant correlations between ORF and informal reading inventory data and between each potential screener and the criterion measure at 2nd and 3rd grades. However, ORF demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy for correctly identifying at-risk students and resulted in 80% correct classification compared to 54% for the reading inventory data. We discuss implications for practice and directions for future research.

The Promise of Hope

This study examines innovative practices that have been implemented in a summer session for an elementary school district in the Chicago area, and how program practices of a community college program work to provide academic support for first-generation, college-bound students from low-income households to encourage postsecondary educational attainment. Underlying these practices are empowering messages conveyed to the students, showing them ways to transform their academic and social lifeworlds. The messages intended for reading audiences are to advocate for and demonstrate praxis as the highest form of human activity having the power to affect change and ensure social justice as the condition of plurality. Significantly, we question “ready-made truths” through critical dialogue as a powerful force to explore the social, the political, and the personal.

Gambaran Zat Pewarna Merah pada Saus Cabai yang Terdapat pada Jajanan yang Dijual di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kecamatan Padang Utara

AbstrakSaat ini, semakin banyak produsen makanan menggunakan zat pewarna yang sudah dilarang penggunaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran zat pewarna pada saus cabai yang terdapat pada jajanan yang dijual di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kecamatan Padang Utara pada bulan November 2013 - Februari 2014. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Laboratorium kesehatan Padang. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 sampel yang diambil dari pedagang makanan jajanan saus cabai yang terdapat di SD Negeri pada kecamatan Padang Utara. Pemeriksaan dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan pereaksi kimia NaOH 10%, NH4OH 10%, HCl pekat dan H2SO4 pekat serta dilanjutkan dengan metoda kromatografi kertas untuk mendapatkan jenis zat pewarna yang terdapat didalam jajanan saus cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 10 sampel (40%) mengandung Rhodamin B dan 15 sampel (60%) yang diizinkan penggunaannya. yaitu Erytrosin. Rata-Rata kadar Erytrosin dalam saus cabai adalah 639,5% dari 300 mg/kg sampel yang diizinkan.Kata kunci: saus cabai, zat pewarna berbahaya, kadar zat pewarnaAbstractNowadays more and more food manufacturers use dyes that have been banned uses. Applied this study is to describe the dye contained in the chili sauce snacks sold in Elementary School District of the northern desert in November 2013-February 2014. This research was conducted in Health Laboratoratorium Padang. The method used a descriptive with a sample size of 25 samples taken from street food vendors chili sauce found in the districts of SD Negeri Kecamatan Padang Utara. Examination conducted qualitatively by using chemical reagents NaOH 10%, 10% NH4OH, and concentrated HCl and concentrated H2SO4 followed by paper chromatography method to get the type of dye contained in chili sauce snacks.The results showed that 10 samples (40%) containing Rhodamine B and 15 samples (60%) which allowed determination of use, Erytrosin. Concentration of Erytrosin, the average levels in the chili sauce as much as 639,5% of the 300 mg/kg samples were allowed.Keywords: chili sauce, harmful dyes, dye concentration

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PEMBELAJARAN KASTI MELALUI PERMAINAN MEMBURU KIJANG PADA SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 02 LEGOKCLILE KEC. BOJONG KAB. PEKALONGAN TAHUN AJARAN 2012/2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the enhancement of learning through play baseball game hunt deer in grade IV Elementary School District 02 Legokclile Pekalongan Olean School Year 2012/2013. The research was conducted in four stages, each stage including planning, action, observation, and reflection using the method of classroom action research . The subjects of this study were fourth grade students Negeri02 Legokclile second semester of the school year 2012/2013 amounted to 30 students. The instrument used to collect data in this study is the observation sheets, questionnaires and tests students' performance. The results are based on analysis of the percentage of prasiklus average value of 73.1 with a percentage of 40% and then headed to the first cycle increased with an average value of 70% and 75.6 percentage kesiklus II increased with an average value of 78.1 percentage 80 , 33% with this assessment of the success indicators of success expected 80%.The conclusions of this study indicate that deer hunting games can improve learning outcomes in learning baseball in fourth grade siaswa State 02 Legokclile district. Olean district. Pekalongan.