Regularities Of Distribution Research Articles

Formation Behavior and Reaction Characteristic of a PTFE/Al Reactive Jet.

To reveal the expansion phenomenon and reaction characteristics of an aluminum particle filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE/Al) reactive jet during the forming process, and to control the penetration and explosion coupling damage ability of the reactive jet, the temperature and density distribution of the reactive jet were investigated by combining numerical simulation and experimental study. Based on the platform of AUTODYN-3D code, the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm was used to study the evolution behaviors and distribution regularity of the morphology, density, temperature, and velocity field during the formation process of the reactive composite jet. The reaction characteristic in the forming process was revealed by combining the distribution of the high-temperature zone in numerical simulation and the Differential Scanning Calorimeter/Thermo-Gravimetry (DSC/TG) experiment results. The results show that the distribution of the high-temperature zone of the reactive composite jet is mainly concentrated in the jet tip and the axial direction, and the reactive composite jet tip reacts first. Combining the density distribution in the numerical simulation and the pulsed X-ray experimental results, the forming behavior of the reactive composite jet was analyzed. The results show that the reactive composite jet has an obvious expansion effect, accompanied by a significant decrease in the overall density.

Substantiation of flat blade parameters for soil loosening

Layer-by-layer loosening of soil contributes to an increase in energy consumption for its cultivation. Thus, in order to reduce traction resistance, a blade with a variable crumbling angle has been developed. In the blade stand area, it is proposed to increase crumbling angle of the chisel plow by analogy with working bodies of the chisel plow to 300, and the blade wing should be made in the form of a flat-cutting blade with a small crumbling angle. To substantiate paw profile in the strut zone, a static equation of action of forces has been drawn up depending on curve shape of the front. Distribution regularity of specific soil pressures on the blade has been determined. To verify results reliability of theoretical studies, a field experiment was carried out. Behind the tractor wheel, a beam with 4 proposed blades was installed, first row blades were set to a depth of 7 cm, and second row blades, following the trail of the first blades, to a depth of 15 cm. Using method of soil sifting on sieves with round holes, structural and aggregate composition of soil was determined along the track. Maximum lump size in the traditionally treated area is 105 mm, while maximum lump size in the layer-treated area is 80 mm, which is 24% less. Use of layer-by-layer processing in the areas compacted by the tractor propellers made it possible to improve soil pulverization quality, and thereby reduce negative factors of overcompaction by tractor running system.

Experimental and theoretical research on relation between magnetic and mechanical property of structural I-steel column

As an ignored physical property, the metal magnetic memory signal has the potential for non-destructive testing in the future. To get the variation characteristic of magnetic signals under different loads, the normal components of surface spontaneous magnetic signals Hp(y) of the Q235 I-steel column were measured online. In this paper, the variation law of Hp(y) with stress was investigated in the position of the point of contraflexure and stress concentration. The physical mechanism between its magnetic property and mechanical property was established at the elastic and plastic stages. Experimental results show that Hp(y) reaches the extreme value in the position of stress concentration, where the magnetic field gradient K presents the zero-crossing phenomenon along with the peak–peak value phenomenon on the left and right sides. In the position of the point of contraflexure, when the Hp(y) curve reaches the extreme value, the corresponding equivalent uniaxial stress σeq is 54 MPa, which is in good agreement with the Jiles–Atherton (J–A) model. Characteristic parameters Kmax, ζ, and η can reflect the extent of damage of the specimen. In the position of stress concentration, Hp(y) values decrease sharply at the early plastic stage. The analysis shows that the distribution regularity of Hp(y) at the elastic stage is in good agreement with the J–A model. The modified J–A model is consistent with the experimental results at the plastic stage.

The Distribution Regularity of Tang style metal Belt Excavated around the Yang-Ju Sang-ju Gang-ju of Silla

국내에서 당식 대장식구는 2021년 11월 현재 643式을 상회하며 앞으로도 그 수는 증대될 것으로 예기된다. 주지하다시피 당식 대장식구의 소유자를 관인으로 보는 만큼, 이에 대한 검토를 통해 신라 지방사회의 고고학적 접근이 매우 용이하다. 이에 原 신라 영역인 영남지역에서의 분포 정형을 먼저 검토할 필요가 있는데, 이 지역은 통일신라기 양주·상주·강주에 해당된다. 중고기에는 중국과의 교섭을 통해 역심엽형 대장식구와 구분되는 소위 황룡사형 대장식구가 특정 지방에 이입된다. 그러나 기존의 대장식구를 대체하지는 않고 일정기간 역심엽형 대장식구와 공존하며 상대적으로 낮은 계층이 소유한 것으로 판단된다. 김춘추의 唐 服制 도입과 신라의 삼국통일 이후 당식 대장식구는 지방 전역으로 확산된다. 재질은 대부분 청동이며, 옻칠을 부가하는 등의 가시적 차별성을 두어 소유자의 위계를 구분하였다. 그 소유자는 外官 都督 예하의 지방 관인에 해당된다. 하대에 이르러 중앙집권 체제가 동요하면서 지방에서 당식 대장식구의 출토 사례가 급감한다. 이는 지방 세력의 성장과 맥을 같이 한다.

Seismicity patterns in southwestern France

Seismic monitoring of southwestern France began in the 1960s, and homogeneous coverage by observation networks has been in place since the 1990s. The accumulation of data now allows a refined understanding of regional seismicity, not only on its spatial aspects, but also on the regularity of the earthquake distribution over time. This paper is both a review of the work carried out on the subject, and a progress report on the current knowledge of the regional seismicity in its seismotectonic context. With the support of maps, the available catalogs are exploited at different nested scales, from the region as a whole to the numerous clusters that characterize the seismicity of southwestern France, and more specifically that of the Pyrenees. An exhaustive study of these Pyrenean clusters and their temporal behavior is proposed, allowing in particular a better description of the prominent seismicity stripe to the northwest of the range.

On the question of petroleum source rocks (modern aspects of the sedimentarymigration theory of naphthydogenesis)

Natural processes contradictive to the common organic (sedimentary and migrational) theory of oil formation were concluded to take place based on the study of the hydrocarbons-biomarkers distribution regularities at the molecular level in the dispersed organic matter of rocks, petroleum and kerogen thermolysis products.Here specific examples of the generation of oil (concentrated organic matter) directly in the reservoir, i.e. reduced scheme of naphthydogenesis, excluding the process of migration were presented. At the same time, these examples do not exclude the migration of organic matter from the «oil source strata», but are an exception that confirms the general rule. It was shown that the study of organic matter, organic carbon (TOC), chloroform-soluble bitumen, pyrolysis “Rock-Eval”, etc., necessarily supporting the conclusions with data from a detailed study of the hydrocarbon composition at the molecular level.

New Flexible Tactile Sensor Based on Electrical Impedance Tomography.

In order to obtain external information and ensure the security of human–computer interaction, a double sensitive layer structured tactile sensor was proposed in this paper. Based on the EIT (Electrical Impedance Tomography) method, the sensor converts the information from external collisions or contact into local conductivity changes, and realizes the detection of one or more contact points. These changes can be processed into an image containing positional and force information. The experiments were conducted on the actual sensor sample. The OpenCV toolkit was used to process the positional information of contact points. The distributional regularities of errors in positional detection were analyzed, and the accuracy of the positional detection was evaluated. The effectiveness, sensitivity, and contact area of the force detection were analyzed based on the result of the EIT calculations. Furthermore, multi-object tests of pressure were conducted. The results of the experiment indicated that the proposed sensor performed well in detecting the position and force of contact. It is suitable for human–robot interaction.

Identification of the factors determining the concentration and spatial distribution of Zn, Pb and Cd in the soils of the non-forest Tatra Mountains (southern Poland)

We investigated trace-metal (TM)––Zn, Pb and Cd––concentrations and spatial distributions in the uppermost layers of non-forest soils from Tatra National Park (West Carpathians). We aimed to determine the main factors affecting the distribution of TMs, as well as the risk they posed to the environment. TM concentrations were compared to the target and intervention values established by the Dutch Ministry. Principle component analysis was used to identify the potential factors affecting TM accumulation, with two-factor analysis being applied to further examine the importance of any given factor. To examine the regularity of the TM distribution, semivariograms were created. The semivariograms of Cd and Pb were similar, suggesting a moderate spatial dependence for these metal concentrations, while the Zn variogram indicated a lack of spatial continuity for this metal. We established that the Zn, Pb and Cd exceeded target levels and at some sites, Cd exceeded the intervention values, posing a strong ecological risk to the environment. Our study confirmed that the parent rock was the most important factor affecting the TM accumulation. The carbonate-free soils differed from carbonate soils in the second important factor affecting TM accumulation, for carbonate-free soils it was location when for carbonate soils–TM content in the parent material. The Zn, Pb and Cd distribution patterns indicated that Cd, but also to a lesser degree Pb and Zn, accumulation mainly resulted from long-range transport from industrialised areas, while the Zn concentrations were also affected by local sources, such as the historical mining of Zn ore.

Специфика статистики упругих и деформационно-прочностных свойств высокопрочных волокон полипропилена

Regularities of statistical distributions of a complex of mechanical properties, including the module of elasticity (E), strength () and strain at break (b), high-strength industrial oriented polypropylene (PP) fibers have been analyzed using the Weibull and Gauss models based on large a wide array of measurements (50 identical samples in each series). The values of the statistical Weibull modulus (m) - a parameter characterizing the scatter of the measured values of the data arrays of E,  and b – have been estimated for the PP samples of two types: single fibers (monofilaments) and multifilament fibers consisting from several hundred single fibers. For the PP multifilament fibers, a more correct description of the distributions of E,  and b has been received both in the framework of the normal distribution (Gaussian distribution) and in the framework of the Weibull distribution in comparison with the description of such distributions for the PP monofilaments. The influence of the polymer chain conformation on the regularities of the statistical distributions of E,  and b for the high-strength oriented polymeric materials with different chemical chain structures and the correctness of their descriptions in the framework of the Gauss and Weibull models have been analyzed. For this purpose, the values of m calculated in this work for PP with a helical chain conformation have been compared with the values of m determined by us earlier for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and polyamide-6 with the chain conformations in the form of an in-plane trans-zigzag.

Specificity of statistics of elastic and strain-strength properties of high-strength polypropylene fibers

Regularities of statistical distributions of a complex of mechanical properties, including the modulus of elasticity (E), strength (sigma) and strain at break (εb), high-strength industrial oriented polypropylene (PP) fibers have been analyzed using the Weibull and Gauss models based on a large array of measurements (50 identical samples in each series). The values of the statistical Weibull modulus (m) --- a parameter characterizing the scatter of the measured values of the data arrays of E, sigma and εb have been estimated for the PP samples of two types: single fibers (monofilaments) and multifilament fibers consisting from several hundred single fibers. For the PP multifilament fibers, a more correct description of the distributions of E, sigma and εb has been received both in the framework of the normal distribution (Gaussian distribution) and in the framework of the Weibull distribution in comparison with the description of such distributions for the PP monofilaments. The influence of the polymer chain conformation on the regularities of the statistical distributions of E, sigma and εb for the high-strength oriented polymeric materials with different chemical chain structures and the correctness of their descriptions in the framework of the Gauss and Weibull models have been analyzed. For this purpose, the values of m calculated in this work for PP with a helical chain conformation have been compared with the values of m determined by us earlier for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and polyamide-6 with the chain conformations in the form of an in-plane trans-zigzag. Keywords: polypropylene, mechanical properties, statistical analysis, Weibull distribution, Gaussian distribution.

Spatio-temporal distribution of gross mercury contents in the bottom sediments of small lakes of the taiga zone

Abstract. The results of the study of the gross mercury content in the bottom sediments of small lakes in the taiga zone (humid sedimentogenesis) are summarized. It is shown that mercury concentrations in organomineral sediments correspond mainly to its contents in rocks of the upper continental crust (background values). In bottom sediments, mercury is adsorbed by organic matter, biogenic silica and layered silicates. The regularities of the vertical distribution of gross mercury in stratified sections of bottom sediments of lakes of the taiga zone, geographically located in different regions of Siberia and on the southeastern edge of the Baltic Shield, have been established.

Tunneling current between structural elements of thin graphene/nanotube films

Based on the constructed atomistic models of graphene/nanotube films with different numbers of nanotubes in supercells, we carried out in silico studies of the regularities of the nonuniform density distribution, which determine the presence of an island structure in such films. As a result of quantum molecular dynamics modeling, it is found that thin tubes of subnanometer diameter are enveloped in graphene sheets, which makes them energetically stable and stable. We also studied tunneling contacts between individual film fragments that are not covalently bound, in particular, between graphene sheets with different topologies of contacting zigzag and armchair edges, depending on the distance between them, and between tubes of different chiralities, including (6,3), (4,4), (6,5), (12,6) and (16,0). It is found that the tunnel contacts of tubes with a semiconductor type of conductivity are characterized by the presence of voltage intervals with a negative differential resistance in the I-V characteristic. Such voltage intervals are not observed at all for tubes with a metallic character of conductivity. The new knowledge obtained is important for assessing the electrical conductivity of such films, two-thirds of which are semiconductor tubes. Keywords: graphene, nanotubes, tunnel contacts.

Экологические аспекты многолетнего распределения камчатского краба Paralithodes camtschaticus в заливе Анива (о. Сахалин)

Regularity of localization and distribution of clusters of commercial individuals of the Red King Crab Paralithodes camtschaticus in Aniva Bay (Sakhalin Island) and possible reasons for the transformation of the range of this species in the bay are considered in the interannual aspect. The prospects of restoring this species in the bay have been assessed, the changes in habitat conditions being taken into account. Available reporting (SakhNIRO) and literature data on trawl (trap) catches of the Red King Crab in this area are analyzed and summarized in order to solve these problems. The analysis of the location of the main concentrations of larvae during the period of the highest number of the object is performed. The functional structure of the Red King Crab settlements in Aniva Bay is analyzed according to literary sources, and an assessment of possible problems in the implementation of the reproductive strategy proper to the Red King Crab by the population is carried out. Significant negative changes in the distribution and functional structure of this crab species in Aniva Bay are noted. It is shown that the aggregations of commercial individuals of the Red King Crab have been widespread in both the western and eastern parts of Aniva Bay until 2001. Both parts of the bay were self-sufficient in terms of reproduction, with each showing the signs of juvenile production processes. First of all, this can be seen by the distribution of the places of catching of non-migratory juveniles and larvae. From 2004 to the present, even single catches of the Red King Crab have disappeared in the eastern part of Aniva Bay. At the same time, the dynamics of its reserve recovery is observed in the west of the bay, although in general this process is noticeably slow. We believe that the reason for the deterioration of living conditions and reproduction of the Red King Crab in Aniva Bay is a critical transformation of substrates in the eastern part of the bay, namely, a sharp reduction in the area of soils suitable for the development of epifauna, the presence of which is one of the conditions for the survival of crab juveniles. This transformation became possible due to a significant expansion (up to 20 %) of silty soils in the bay caused by soil dumping in 2003–2006 during the construction of a liquefied natural gas plant.

Effects of the yttria content and sintering temperature on the phase evolution in yttria-stabilized zirconia

The microstructure of YSZ ceramics stabilized by the various amount of yttria, namely 3 mol % Y 2 O 3 (3YSZ), 4 mol% Y 2 O 3 (4YSZ) and 5 mol % Y 2 O 3 (5YSZ) has been studied. Three sintering temperatures, namely 1450 °C, 1500 °C and 1550 °C were used for each series of samples (3YSZ, 4YSZ, 5YSZ). The total area of the monoclinic and cubic zirconia phases in the microstructure of ceramics and the regularities of distribution of these phases were determined by ImageJ. Peculiarities of changes in volume percentage of the monoclinic and cubic phases with an increase in sintering temperature of ceramics were found. Quantitative analysis of these phases was carried out. The total distribution of the monoclinic and cubic phases by ranges of their areas was presented. Correlations between the yttria content, the sintering temperature and changes in the microstructure and phase balance of the studied ceramics were found.

浙江清凉峰自然保护区土壤肥力指标空间变异及其影响因素

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 浙江清凉峰自然保护区土壤肥力指标空间变异及其影响因素 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202103310832 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY20C160004）；浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区管理局森林土壤资源调查编研项目（H20190328） Spatial variability of soil fertility properties and its affecting factors of Qingliangfeng Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了探究清凉峰自然保护区内华南野生梅花鹿主要栖息地千顷塘的土壤肥力指标的空间变异规律及其相关影响因子，采用经典统计学和地统计学方法对千顷塘土壤pH、有机质、全磷、全氮、全钾含量进行了系统分析，并探讨了其主要影响因子。结果显示：千顷塘保护区内土壤整体呈酸性，区域内有机质、全磷、全氮、全钾含量均值分别为72.44、0.45、1.91、23.16 g/kg，所有指标均呈现中等程度变异。半方差分析结果表明，指数模型为pH、全磷、全氮、全钾的最佳拟合模型，球状模型为有机质最佳拟合模型，pH、全磷、全钾空间自相关强烈，显示其空间变异主要受结构性因素影响，有机质和全氮空间自相关程度中等，说明随机因素存在一定影响。全局Moran's I指数检验结果显示，有机质、全磷和全氮存在显著空间自相关，在空间上呈现聚集分布。所有肥力指标的空间分布较为连贯，条带状分布特征显著，总体呈现由边缘向中间降低趋势；相关性分析显示，土壤有机质、全磷、全氮、全钾与海拔、容重和植被类型呈显著相关性；回归分析表明，在所有环境因子中，容重对各类元素的方差解释最大，是影响千顷塘土壤肥力因子空间异质性的主控因素。研究可为南方丘陵地区人为扰动较小的林地土壤肥力特征及影响因子解译提供重要科学意义。 Abstract:In order to explore the spatial heterogeneity of soil fertility properties and its affecting factors in Qianqingtang, the main habitat of wild sika deer of South China, in Qingliangfeng Nature Reserve. Based on the sampling data,using traditional statistics and geostatistical methods, the soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and total potassium (TK) were systematically analyzed. Moreover, the importance of the environmental factors influencing the variability and accumulation of soil fertility properties were studied. The results indicated that the soil in Qianqingtang Reserve was acidic on the whole, and the average contents of SOM, TP, TN and TK in the studied area were 72.44 g/kg, 0.45 g/kg, 1.91 g/kg and 23.16 g/kg, respectively. The content of each properties is relatively high, basically in the rich level. The coefficients of variation (C.V.s) of all studied soil fertility properties were at a moderate level. The results of semi-variance analysis indicated that the exponential model was the best-fit model for pH, TP, TN and TK while spherical model was the best-fit model for SOM. In addition, pH, TP and TK had strongly spatial autocorrelations which represented that their spatial variability was mainly dominated by structural factors. SOM and TN showed moderately spatial autocorrelations which indicated that the random factors had a certain influence. The results of the global Moran's I index test showed that SOM, TP and TN had significant spatial autocorrelation, and presented an aggregated distribution in space which corresponded to the calculation results of the variable range. Kriging interpolation results showed the spatial distribution of all kinds of soil fertility properties were coherent and the trend of stripe distribution was obvious. The spatial distribution regularity showed a similarity of each soil fertility properties to some extent, the distribution showed a significant downward trend from the edge to the middle. The results of correlation analysis revealed that SOM, TP, TN, and TK in the study area had significant correlation with altitude, bulk density and stand types. Regression analysis showed that bulk density explained the highest variance of elements among all environmental factors, indicating that bulk density was the dominant controlling factor affecting the spatial heterogeneity of soil fertility properties in Qianqingtang Reserve. However, the overall explanatory degree of the research factors was low, indicating that the spatial variation of soil fertility properties was also affected by other factors. This study can provide important scientific information related to soil property characteristics and influencing factors in the southern hilly area with little human disturbance. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Generating adversarial examples via enhancing latent spatial features of benign traffic and preserving malicious functions

Well-crafted adversarial examples can easily deceive neural network models into producing misclassified results while contributing to evaluating and improving the performance and robustness of the classification model. However, most adversarial examples generation methods still have the following drawbacks: (1) the original samples ignore the distribution regularity of benign samples and directly add noise, so the generated adversarial examples have significant differences in latent spatial distribution with benign samples, which makes them difficult to escape detection; (2) the discriminant features of the adversarial examples are directly modified, which causes their malicious patterns to change or malicious functions to be unattainable. In this paper, a novel malicious traffic adversarial examples generation method, NIDSFM, is proposed. Through NIDSFM, the feature space of the traffic samples is reconstructed to avoid interference with the malicious functions of the generated adversarial examples by isolating the discriminant features. By using the ability of the flow-based model to represent the latent space distribution, the distribution of adversarial examples is modeled around the benign samples, then fine-tuned based on generative adversarial networks (GAN) with additional latent spatial noise so that the distribution of generated adversarial examples is similar to benign samples. Extensive experiments were conducted on multiple datasets (NSL-KDD, UNSW-NB15, CIC-DDoS2019) and compared with various adversarial examples generation methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method leads to a significant reduction in the detection rate of multiple NIDSs and is competitive in escaping NIDS detection.

Past, Current and Future of Fish Diversity in the Alakol Lakes (Central Asia: Kazakhstan)

The aboriginal ichthyofauna of the Balkhash basin consists mainly of endemic fish species. By the end of the last century, indigenous fish species were driven out of Lake Balkhash and the Alakol Lakes remain the largest refuges of aboriginal fish fauna. Knowledge of regularities of the modern distribution of the indigenous fishes is crucial for biodiversity conservation as well as restoring aquatic ecosystems. The modern diversity of fish species was investigated there in this study. Significant changes for the indigenous and some alien fish distributions were revealed in contrast with earlier known data. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to study the relationships between habitat characteristics and species abundance. Water mineralization and maximal observed water temperatures were estimated as the main environmental variables in fish distribution at the local scale. Habitat change leads to fish fauna homogenization as a result of rare species extinction and alien penetration. Growing human population and poor water management make the future of the indigenous fishes unpredictable.

The Regularity of Stress Shielding in Internal Fixation Characterized by Hydromechanics.

Stress shielding is an important factor in the internal fixation of a fracture. To explore the regularity of stress shielding in internal fixation, a simplified model of a comminuted femoral shaft fracture bridged by a locking plate was established and finite element analysis was performed to analyze the load distribution between the plate and femur from the proximal end of the femur to the fracture line and investigate the stress shielding degree of the plate on the bone. The stress, deformation, and axial compressive force distribution of four internal fixation schemes under compression were obtained, and the stress shielding degrees on each section was calculated. To compare the regularity of stress shielding and flow distribution, the relationship between the compressive force increment and stress shielding degree was established. The normalized curves of compressive force increment with the plate section position were compared with the flow distribution in a Z-type manifold, a parallel pipe system similar to an internal fixation system in structure and working characteristics. For quantitative comparison, the similarity between normalized curves of the compressive force increment and simulated flow distribution was calculated. The regularity of load distribution along the section position of the plate was similar to the flow distribution in the Z-type manifold. Therefore, the flow distribution pattern of the Z-type manifold can be used to characterize the regularity of load distribution in internal fixation. This study provided a new method to characterize the stress shielding degree of a locking plate on bone.

Skin-Driven Ultrasensitive Mechanoluminescence Sensor Inspired by Spider Leg Joint Slits.

Inspired by the spider's slit organ embedded in the leg joint exoskeleton and its ultrasensitive stress perception, we propose to fix the conflict between the stress concentration requirement for bright mechanoluminescence (ML) and the stress dispersion effect of soft material via integrating slit microstructures into flexible films. The designed slits focus weak stresses onto the corner to achieve high sensitivity, leading to 10-30 times ML intensity improvement at weak strain (<10% stretch) application. Slit morphology and various patterns were well investigated to address the stress distribution regularity. The slit-based ML film offers a facile light-luminescent artificial skin for visualizable stress presentations or detections without electricity power source. It is a practical endeavor of photonic skin for visible vocalization and a significant contribution to dysaudia auxiliary or luminescence augmented expressions for human social interactions, similar to jellyfish or squids.

Diagnostic ions guided 2D-locating strategy for characterization of chemical analogues in complex herbal medicines using liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry.

Rapid characterization of chemical analogues in potentially toxic complex matrix was essential for prevention of accidental poisoning. On the basis of the fragment ions possessed not only the same retention times (RT) but the same drift times (DT) on liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry (LC-IM-MS), an alternating frames (AF)-data independent acquisition (DIA) was utilized for simultaneous detection and rapid match of precursor/product ions with a fast switch of low/high collision energy (CE). A diagnostic ions guided 2D-locating strategy was developed for identification of chemical analogues in potentially toxic herbal medicines using LC-IM-MS. Firstly, the 2D-locations (RT, DT) of diagnostic ions were screened from high-fragment IM-MS frames according to their m/z. Then, the correlated precursor ions were extracted from the complex background interference in low-fragment IM-MS frames based on diagnostic ions' 2D-locations. Finally, the remained ions were characterized using double-bond equivalent analysis combined with MS/MS fragment interpretation. Totally, 236 diterpene alkaloids including eight compounds with potential new esterification types were characterized in processed lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. Moreover, the LC-IM-MS distribution regularities of diterpene alkaloids with various chemical structure types were further investigated and discussed. This study presented an innovative idea for revealing the chemical basis related to the toxicities of potentially poisonous herbal medicines to ensure the medication safety.