Distribution Of Funds Research Articles

THE ROLE OF BAZNAS SUMENEP IN SUPPORTING HALAL PRODUCT CERTIFICATION IN MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN LENTENG MARKET THROUGH THE DISTRIBUTION OF ZAKAT, INFAQ AND SADAQAH

Various things related to Halal Product Certification, which apparently is still difficult toimplement in the context of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises assisted by Baznas Sumenep, namelyat Lenteng Market, Sumenep Regency. This is because Micro, Small and Medium business actors areinconsistent with their business and business actors have difficulties with capital. This research aims :First, to determine the role of Baznas Sumenep in Supporting Halal Product Certification for Micro,Small and Medium Enterprises in Lenteng Market. The second obstacle is Baznas Sumenep insupporting Halal Product Certification for the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises it supports,namely at Lenteng Market through the distribution of Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah funds. The type ofresearch used is descriptive qualitative with data sources obtained through observation, interviews anddocumentation. The results obtained from this research say that with the existence of Halal ProductCertification for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Baznas Sumenep strongly agrees with theexistence of Halal Certification. Apart from that, Baznas Sumenep itself has not focused on HalalCertification because Baznas itself does not have significant authority where Baznas only focuses oncapital assistance to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Lenteng Market. Baznas Sumenep itselfhas five work programs incluiding, Sumenep Peduli, Sumenep Taqwa, Sumenep Smart, SumenepHealthy and Sumenep Prosperous. Which in the Sumenep Makmur program is tasked withcoordinating the distribution of Zakat, Infaq and sadaqah to mustahik in the form of empowerment orutilization . in empowerment or utilization, namely those related to working capital assistance, workequipment assistance and capital assistance for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in LentengMarket.Keywords : Halal Certification, Micro,Small and Medium bussiness, Zakat, Infaq,sadaqah Funds

Study on the Current Situation of China’s Education Inequality

Despite China's recent strong economic growth, there are still many educational disparities, significant delays in completing educational objectives, and unequal educational quality. They include family involvement in society, insufficient investments in education, unfair distribution of education funding, the impact of regional economies, inappropriate policies and regulations, and corruption in education. The current state of educational inequality between regions, urban and rural locations, and class families is examined in this paper. The causes of educational inequality are also found to be multifaceted, mainly due to uneven regional economic development, inadequate policy implementation, the importance families attach to their children's education, and other factors. To achieve equity in education, by identifying the issues and delving into the reasons, the author seeks solutions to the issue. After researching, the author believes that the problem of educational inequity can be effectively remedied through measures such as balancing educational resources, increasing educational input, improving input distribution models, improving educational policies and regulations, and innovating and improving educational models.

Modeling the Impact of Public Infrastructure investments in the U.S.: A CGE Analysis

AbstractThis study offers a computable general equilibrium analysis of the $550 billion devoted to new infrastructure investment (new and remodeled physical infrastructure for transportation, information and public services) in the United States under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, a federal law signed by President Joseph Biden in November 2021. The simulations are based on the state-level distribution of funds and distinguish between the construction phase (short run) and the operational phase (long run). Gross domestic product (GDP) and labor demand react to the government spending stimulus after the first year by growing 0.24% and 0.44%, respectively. The gains derived from this investment plan are higher in the long term once investments increase the country’s capital stock; GDP increases by 1.39% and wages by 3.94%. This paper analyzes the efficiency of the current distribution of funds across sectors, and finds that the current distribution benefits the United States economy more. Even though a slightly higher GDP impact could have been reached (1.42%) if all the funds were devoted to transport services, the price increases would result in lower real wage increases.

Efficiency and Productivity of Zakat Management Organization Before and During Pandemic Covid-19

This study investigates the efficiency and productivity of zakat institutions in Indonesia before and during the Covid-19 pandemic using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Our findings reveal that three out of the five zakat institutions exhibited efficiency at different periods. Notably, LAZ Al Azhar demonstrated consistent efficiency both before and during the pandemic, while LAZISNU was efficient in 2019-2020 but experienced inefficiency in 2021. Additionally, LAZ Rumah Zakat exhibited an increase in efficiency in 2020 but regressed to inefficiency in 2021, primarily attributed to excessive distribution of ZIS funds in each institution. These findings highlight the urgent need for standardization and optimization of zakat management to unlock its immense potential for equitable distribution and impact during times of crisis, offering valuable insights for policymakers and zakat institutions globally.
 Highlights:
 
 Standardization and Optimization: The absence of standardized zakat management contributes to suboptimal collection and distribution of zakat funds in Indonesia.
 DEA and MPI Analysis: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) serve as effective methods to evaluate the operational efficiency and productivity of zakat institutions.
 Implications for Global Zakat Institutions: Understanding the dynamics of zakat efficiency during crises can offer valuable insights for similar institutions worldwide to enhance their distribution impact and resource management.
 
 Keywords: Zakat institutions, Efficiency, Productivity, Indonesia, Covid-19 pandemic.

Efficiency and Productivity of Zakat Management Organization Before and During Pandemic Covid-19

This study investigates the efficiency and productivity of zakat institutions in Indonesia before and during the Covid-19 pandemic using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Our findings reveal that three out of the five zakat institutions exhibited efficiency at different periods. Notably, LAZ Al Azhar demonstrated consistent efficiency both before and during the pandemic, while LAZISNU was efficient in 2019-2020 but experienced inefficiency in 2021. Additionally, LAZ Rumah Zakat exhibited an increase in efficiency in 2020 but regressed to inefficiency in 2021, primarily attributed to excessive distribution of ZIS funds in each institution. These findings highlight the urgent need for standardization and optimization of zakat management to unlock its immense potential for equitable distribution and impact during times of crisis, offering valuable insights for policymakers and zakat institutions globally.
 Highlights:
 
 Standardization and Optimization: The absence of standardized zakat management contributes to suboptimal collection and distribution of zakat funds in Indonesia.
 DEA and MPI Analysis: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) serve as effective methods to evaluate the operational efficiency and productivity of zakat institutions.
 Implications for Global Zakat Institutions: Understanding the dynamics of zakat efficiency during crises can offer valuable insights for similar institutions worldwide to enhance their distribution impact and resource management.
 
 Keywords: Zakat institutions, Efficiency, Productivity, Indonesia, Covid-19 pandemic.

Efektivitas Manajemen Pengelolaan Dana Zakat Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Mustahik Di BAZNAS Jakarta

Indonesia has the potential for zakat as a tool to reduce and improve poverty and people's welfare. The management of zakat funds certainly has a very vital role in the success of achieving the benefit of the people. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the management of the optimal distribution of zakat funds so that it can significantly contribute to poverty reduction and better welfare. This type of research is library research conducted using existing literature on the Indonesian National Zakat Agency by collecting data through a literature review of books, notes, and research reports from previous studies. Data analysis techniques were carried out using inductive techniques consisting of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate: Indonesia's National Zakat Agency has been effective in the management of zakat management, both in planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE SPHERE OF SCIENCE IN UKRAINE DURING THE WAR

The article reveals the problems public administration faced in the science field in Ukraine during martial law. In particular, the problems associated with the decrease in the funding of scientific research and the insufficient distribution of funds were investigated. It was analyzed that the instability and lack of coordination of management structures responsible for the scientific sector during hostilities lead to the lack of a clear strategy and appropriate management mechanisms, unclear procedures, and conflicts of interest. War and related restrictions have been found to make it difficult for scientists and scientific information to move, which can lead to a loss of contact with the international scientific community and limit access to the latest research and the exchange of ideas. Military actions on the territory of our country lead to a large outflow of the able­bodied population, including scientists, in search of safety and better opportunities. However, against the background of obvious problems, we proposed several actions regarding the prospects for the development of science during martial law. They relate to strengthening coordination and cooperation between various structures to ensure the effectiveness of scientific research and the implementation of military needs. We have proven that increasing the level of managerial competence and professionalism in this area is an important task since war requires quick and effective decision­making and the implementation of scientific can contribute to developing the scientific base and using the latest technologies. It is recommended to pay attention to transparency and openness in the process of public management of science to ensure public trust, efficient use of resources and prevent corruption.

Poor Family Classification Decision Support System using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

Poverty is a problem that continues to be the focus of attention for the government. Poverty has also caused people to be willing to sacrifice anything for their survival. To anticipate this problem, various policies have been adopted by the government to break the chain of poverty. One of them is providing assistance funds to poor families (PKH). This is felt directly by all levels of underprivileged society. One of the efforts of the Koto Ranah Tapan government to eradicate poverty that occurs in Koto Ranah Tapan is to follow the central government program, namely the launch of government financial assistance (PKH). These funds will be distributed to poor residents in Koto Ranah Tapan through the nagari guardian office in Koto Ranah Tapan. However, the distribution of aid funds to poor families is often not on target due to a large level of manual calculation error which makes the aid not on target and also the office of the nagari village of high cliff village has not been able to objectively determine the families who receive the aid. To help determine which families are worthy of receiving poor family assistance funds, a decision support system is needed. With this Decision Support System (DSS), it is hoped that the decision-making process can minimize the occurrence of wrong targets that often arise in the process of selecting poor families who wish to receive aid funds . In this calculation the author uses the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, because this method is suitable for accurate calculations and is very helpful in calculating any data obtained. The results obtained were that Ade Irma Suryani got the highest score with a score of 10.8 and was ranked at the top (Best 1), so she could be considered the best recipient of aid funds.

Applications of Waqf-Featured Fund in the Malaysian Islamic Fund Management Industry: A Comparative Study

Historical evidence demonstrates the enormous role waqf institutions have played in the development and advancement of Muslims throughout the Muslim history. With the proper structure and strategy, waqf contributes to numerous spheres of life, including mainstream economic development. Contemporary development of Islamic finance has enabled the waqf concept to be linked to various financial products, including Shariah-compliant investment instruments, such as, Islamic unit trust funds and Islamic wholesale funds. This paper aims to highlight the current applications of the Waqf-Featured Fund (WFF) in the Malaysia Islamic Fund Management Industry. This is in relation to the launch of a new WFF framework to facilitate the offering of Islamic funds with waqf characteristics. The study took both qualitative via in-depth semi-structured interviews with eleven (11) WFF stakeholders, as well as, analyzing of policy documents, journal articles, books, and online resources. The findings shed light on the current issues and challenges confronting waqf projects in Malaysia, as well as the current guidelines and essential requirements for the WFF, the current application of the WFF in the Malaysian Islamic Fund Management (IFM) industry, and a proposal for the future application model, which includes fund collection, investment structure, distribution process, and fund reporting.

MODEL POLITICAL DISTRIBUTION PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP EKONOMI UMAT DI ERA PANDEMI COVID 19

This research reveals the accurate strategy of zakat management carried out by 'Umar b. 'Abd al-Az?z through the political distribution model. Before Umar served as caliph, the pattern of zakat management was chaotic, the distribution was carried out without looking at efficiency, so that the distribution of zakat was not able to alleviate poverty, through political distribution policies it was able to elevate the economic status of the poor who were previously exposed to poverty. The significance of this research is to answer how the management of the distribution of zakat funds is very effective and locally integrated so that it is feasible to apply in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data mining uses a single but in-depth method by examining the main documentation sources. The data obtained at the final stage were analyzed using the content analysis method. The resulting findings are 1) 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Az?z applies political distribution in the distribution of zakat with the principle of priority, that is, zakat funds collected are prioritized for muzakki areas without being issued to other areas. 2) the regional welfare system is a top priority. Zakat management which consists of collection, utilization and distribution, is carried out in a separate locus area. This kind of management is appropriate for modern era zakat institutions and muzakki considering that Muslims are found in every area who have been financially affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.

Optimalisasi Dana Zakat dan Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Umat di Indonesia

Zakat as the third pillar of Islam is one of the fundamental things in Islamic teachings. Zakat has a social dimension to become a separate identity that can have a good impact on society, both as an effort to worship Allah and as an effort to social care with fellow human beings. However, zakat is not only limited to having this function. Optimizing the distribution of zakat funds in a professional manner will have a better impact on distribution or income efforts to the community. This study uses a descriptive approach. Data sources are obtained from data in the form of books, articles, and processed data from other parties or publication data, such as BAZNAS publication data and those related to this research in Google Schoolar. The results of this study Zakat, infaq, and alms are a form of worship for a Muslim with the aim of seeking the pleasure of Allah SWT. In carrying out zakat, infaq, and alms can reduce the amount of poverty that exists. Therefore it is necessary to have a management body that manages zakat, infaq, and alms that can manage it properly, and can improve the community's economy.

Implementation of Social Programs in Conditions of Increasing Labor Precarization: Regional Aspects on the Example of the USA

The current complex phenomenon of labor precarization has been extremely actively developed in the United States of America, especially over the past two decades. Undoubtedly, the main reason for the increase in the share of the precariat in the labor market is economic development based on a change in technological patterns, which is characterized in the capitalist economy, on the one hand, by an increase in the role of human capital, and on the other hand, by its overconcentration, including at the intra-country regional level. The emergence and development of a new form of labor relations invariably leads to the need to revise social policy. The regional aspects of the implementation of social programs considered in this paper, which are to some extent capable of mitigating the consequences of the instability of employment and the insecurity of labor relations in the United States for the period 2007–2020, serve as one of the explanations for the intensifying processes of regionalization observed in the country. The result of the study was the identification of two main aspects of the implementation of social programs at the level of subregions and individual states of the country. The first reflects the further regionalization of federal relations in terms of social support for the population, carried out without taking into account the growing precarization of labor in regions with the largest share of the precariat among the employed. The second aspect, which takes into account the structural features of the distribution of funding in the areas of education, health care and social protection of the population, reveals the authorities’ attempt to carry out balanced social programming in the subregions that are potential centers of the “new industrialization” of the American economy. This approach is aimed at preserving and qualitatively developing the human capital of the region by smoothing out the negative consequences of labor precarization.

ANALISIS KONTRIBUSI PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH PADA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH DI BMT MASLAHAH

Abstract This study aims to determine the contribution of Murabahah financing to business income of BMT Maslahah. Financing is the second product after savings which is used for the distribution of funds to be used by customers in various financing, while Murabahah financing is a type of financing used in the practice of buying and selling goods with a profit system. This murabaha product has minimal risk because there is no loss sharing like a mudharabah, so it becomes a reference for BMTs to become part of the income in the form of profit contributions through Murabahah products. Furthermore, this research is a type of descriptive qualitative research where the researcher conducts fieldwork to obtain information from informants who will later analyze the data to obtain optimal data validity in the results. The results of this study are the contribution of Murabahah financing at BMT Maslahah Bulak Banteng Surabaya that this product provides progress to the continuity of BMT operations consisting of BMT staffing to BMT operational expenses then from the customer side as additional capital. Keywords: Contribution, Murabaha Financing, Income BMT

EFEKTIVITAS PENYALURAN DANA BANTUAN OPERASIONAL SEKOLAH (BOS) DI SD

This study aims to idescribe thei effectiveness of the distribution of school operational iassistance funds (BOS) in elementary schools in planning, implementing, monitoring, evaluating and reporting and accountability for the management of BOS fundsi in SDN Paganjuran, Cineam District, Tasikmalaya Regency.This research was conducted at SDN Paganjuran, Cineam District, Tasikmalaya Regency. Data were collected by observation, interview and documentation methods, which were then analyzed using a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis. The problem faced by all these elementary schools was that the School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds did not arrive on time as expected.The results showed that the BOS treasurer prepared the ARKAS ion time, namely ati the beginningi of th fiscal year, basedi on the priority scale of school needs, and involved icommittees andi teachers.The conclusion in this study is that the implementation aspect has not been entirely successful because the distribution of School Operational Assistance funds is still late. The aspect of supervision is still not fully successful because there is no supervision from the relevant agencies on a regular basis. Evaluationi activitiesi by the committee have been carried out although not optimal. Reporting on the management of BOS fund at SDN Paganjuran can be said to have been successful because a report has been made in accordance with the itechnical guidelines for managingi BOS funds. The level of effectiveness in managing BOS funds at SDN Paganjuran is in the effective criteria.Keywords: Management, Financing, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.

Analysis of Qardhul Hassan Based on Islamic Philantrophy Funds at Bankziska Lazismu East Java

The rampant of bank plecit in Indonesia as the country with the most Muslim population in the world is an irony in itself, because Islam actually has a solution for every problem, including poverty alleviation. In the Islamic economy there are good loan terms, which are a solution to the usury economic system. Sources of funds can be taken from Islamic philanthropic funds managed by zakat institutions. Of the several financial assistance institutions based on socio-religious funds in Indonesia, BankZiska is among those that survive to manage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of qardhul hassan based on Islamic philanthropy funds at BankZiska. By using descriptive quantitative methods, this study describes the implementation of qardhul hassan using indicators of increasing the collection of philanthropic funds, increasing the distribution of funds to partners, increasing the number of transactions, and increasing the number of partners who are free from loan sharks which is about 65%.

Analysis of The Influence of Muslim Sandwich Generation Technology Philanthropy on Poverty

This study aims to determine the effect of Muslim sandwich generation philanthropic technology on poverty. One of the problems that is still being faced by the Indonesian state is the problem of poverty. Poverty alleviation efforts are carried out to realize the ideals of the nation, namely, the creation of a just and prosperous society. The sandwich generation has the hope of living a just and prosperous life. The sandwich generation is like a slice of a sandwich. Those who have reached adulthood are "sandwiched" between responsibilities for children and their parents who have entered old age to care for, provide for, and meet the needs of clothing, food, and shelter. Becoming the sandwich generation may not be everyone's dream. The responsibility that is carried is not easy because you have to support two generations at once. Sandwich situations require an open attitude among family members to help ensure that money is managed wisely, effectively, and cooperatively. In addition to such a position, the Muslim sandwich generation must be aware that there are still other people's rights in their wealth. This means that this generation must issue obligations such as zakat, infaq, alms, and endowments. According to Marts (2013), this generation is very dependent on technological sophistication because it is required to have fast performance, so it tends to be more practical. This type of research is a quantitative research using the SEM (structural equation modeling) method. The research sample is the sandwich generation of Muslims in Indonesia with a probability sampling technique. This study's results indicate the influence of philanthropic technology used by the Muslim sandwich generation on poverty reduction. In addition, this research is useful for the government and formal charitable institutions to reduce poverty. However, this will be realized if the government protects formal charitable institutions thereby increasing philanthropic behavior by the Muslim sandwich generation. The government must also take a role, namely to regulate the distribution of benevolent funds to areas in need. For example, the centralization of benevolence funds to create a fair distribution. Sandwich generation competence using financial planning technology needs to be developed by the government so that it can build a mindset of people who are aware of managing finances. This can be done by increasing the number of charitable institutions engaged in financial planning technology. Charitable institutions also have a role, namely they must be able to maintain public trust and cooperate with other formal charitable institutions. Every formal charitable institution must be able to distribute all benevolent funds proportionally.

Causality of Consumption, Government Expenditure, and Distribution of ZIS Funds (Zakat Infaq and Shodaqoh) on Indonesia's Economic Growth

Causality of Consumption, Government Expenditure, and Distribution of ZIS Funds (Zakat Infaq and Shodaqoh) on Indonesia's Economic Growth

Implementasi Manajemen Risiko Pembiayaan Murabahah bil Wakalah pada Peternak Sapi

The principle of buying and selling allows the distribution of funds through istishna, murabaha, or salam contracts. Murabahah is a popular method used in the economic activities of cattle breeders in Jabung (buying and selling). However, this type of financing still has potential risks. Therefore, risk management is a necessary stage to anticipate all possibilities that may arise. A case-study qualitative approach was adopted in this study. The primary data to be used is in the form of field documentation, interviews, and direct observation. BMT, AO, and SPV managers were the main interview respondents. The stages in this study consisted of data reduction and drawing conclusions. As for the validity of the data, the source triangulation technique was used. The results of the study found that there was murabahah bil wakalah financing in the activity of buying and selling livestock products (cattle) in Jabung. The financing begins with a murabaha contract and ends with a wakalah contract. However, this process is not in line with the Fatwa of the Sharia Council regarding murabahah bil wakalah. In addition, the management process assisted by BMT al-Hijrah includes planning, implementation, monitoring, and controlling. In addition, risk management includes risk management efforts during the murabahah bil wakalah financing process. The process includes risk identification, which is then handled by way of risk allocation to other parties through external cooperation.

DETERMINANTS OF ZAKAT COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR IN URBAN MUSLIM ENTREPRENEURS IN MATARAM CITY WEST NUSA TENGGARA

This research attempted to explore the determinants of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) compliance behavior in paying zakat (alms). This study involved business owners (SMEs) in the city of Mataram as the population and 176 people as the sample. The data were collected through online survey instruments employing the purposive sampling method. The testing technique and data analysis utilized Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hence, the findings discovered that zakat literacy, Islamic egalitarianism, and moral norms influence the intention of SMEs owners to pay zakat. On the other hand, intention affects the owner's choice and compliance to pay zakat. This study is essential for zakat institutions to have a new strategy to encourage SMEs owners to pay zakat, considering the great potential in Indonesia. Distribution of zakat funds to asnaf (noun group of people worthy of receiving a Muslim tithe) fairly and equitably will attract more owners to pay their zakat through zakat institutions. Transparency and fairness in the distribution of zakat funds can increase the level of trust of SMEs owners in zakat institutions.

Procedure for Providing KUR IB Financing and the Strategy for Preventing Problem Financing at Bank Sinarmas Syariah KCS Surabaya

Financing is a fund distribution activity carried out by banks to customers. This study aims to determine the procedures and systems implemented by Bank Sinarmas Syariah KCS Surabaya in providing KUR IB financing as well as the supervision process carried out as an effort to prevent problematic financing. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data used is in the form of primary data from interviews with informant selection using purposive sampling techniques and several supporting documents as secondary data. This research shows that Bank Sinarmas Syariah KCS Surabaya implements a strategy in the form of accurate financing analysis by applying 5C aspects and conducting supervision as a form of risk mitigation. Bank Sinarmas Syariah KCS Surabaya is considered very healthy with an NPF of 0%.