Organization Of Distance Learning Research Articles

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ С ОСОБЫМИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫМИ ПОТРЕБНОСТЯМИ

Relevance of the study: at present, technical means and information technologies are intensively developing in Russia and in the world, which can significantly expand the possibilities of inclusive education through the introduction of distance learning technologies. The article highlights the possibilities of distance learning for the implementation of the educational process of students with special educational needs. The analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the use of distance learning for the implementation of a differentiated approach, taking into account the individual characteristics of students, was carried out. The purpose of the study is a theoretical substantiation of the organizational and pedagogical conditions for distance learning of students with special educational needs. The methodological basis of the study is the ideas of a system-activity approach and competence-based approaches; general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization, as well as conducting a survey as an empirical research method. Research results. The theoretical significance of the article is as follows: the features that characterize the concept of organizational and pedagogical conditions for distance learning of students with special educational needs are highlighted; the features of distance learning for students with special educational needs are disclosed, the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning for students with special educational needs are revealed; a theoretical substantiation of the organizational and pedagogical conditions of distance learning for students with special educational needs is presented. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that the conclusions and provisions presented in it reveal ways of organizing distance learning for students with special educational needs, meaningful aspects of preparing university teachers to manage the process of distance learning for students with special educational needs. The research materials can be relevant in the educational and extracurricular work of university teachers.

Digitalization of Education in the Medical University: Transformation Factors

The COVID-19 pandemic provoked a sudden transition to distance learning and intensive development of the digital environment of universities in Ukraine, which, in fact, continues to this day. Considering the wide and sustainable implementation of digital technologies in the national health care system, there is a need to investigate the digitalization of education in institutions of higher medical education, and to assess how successful the process of forming the innovative infrastructure of a modern university and the range of possible consequences of the rapid implementation of digital education. The article examines the experience of organizing distance learning, which is regulated by regulatory documents, the conditions for the formation of electronic and digital infrastructure components in a modern university; study of the spectrum of possible consequences of the use of digital education in institutions of higher medical education. The concepts of «digital education» and «digital competence», «digital medical technologies» were analyzed. The educational process is considered, namely online courses and distance educational technologies, educational resources, virtual digital library. The implementation of educational disciplines in medicine using virtual simulators and augmented reality is analyzed. Considered the issues of organizational and management sphere in the medical university. Some applications were analyzed, namely, a digital campus, an electronic student card, a digital diploma, a digital footprint of a higher education applicant, a teacher's digital portfolio, etc. The image positioning of the medical university is considered, namely, the website of university, digital transformation of career guidance and employment processes; creation of a competence center at the university as a basis for improving the qualifications of professors and teaching staff based on the concept of continuous education. The positive and negative social effects of the use of digital technologies in the educational environment are analyzed.

DISTANCE LEARNING INFLUENCES ON THE PSYCHO-HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF THE MOTIVATION BEHAVIOR OF STUDENTS OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SPECIALTIES IN TERMS OF PANDEMIC AND MARTIAL LAW STATE

Educational activity motivation deserves particular attention. Motives directly affect the quality of professional training and personality formation. Meanwhile, while obtaining high-quality higher education, it is important to monitor the educational process organization under the conditions of current challenges: the COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of martial law on the territory of Ukraine. The relevance defines the aim - to determine the psycho-hygienic aspects of the attitude of students of medical and biological specialties to the organization of distance learning in terms of the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law, as well as to investigate the structure of motivational orientation of students towards obtaining higher education. To achieve the set research objectives, the sociological method has been used. The first stage of the study was to analyze the features of distance learning in terms of quarantine associated with the COVID-19 pandemic (excluding the spring semester of 2022), compared to the period without distance learning (traditional face-to-face learning). The second stage of the study was to analyze the characteristics of distance learning (related to the introduction of martial law) compared to distance learning caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Using the Сlassdojo platform to organize distance learning at school

The article discusses the features of using the Сlassdojo platform in the organization of distance learning. The main advantages and disadvantages of using the specified platform are determined. Historical prerequisites for the appearance and development of various distance platforms for the organization of distance learning are also given.

Model of Organization of Distance Learning for Students of Architectural Specialties

The article is devoted to the organization of distance education for students of architectural specialties of universities. Designing a distance-learning model, which consists in the scientific substantiation of the structure and content of the distance-learning model for preparing students of architectural specialties. The article also presents an analysis of scientific literature, the purpose of which is to generalize knowledge in the field of distance learning and professional training in relation to architectural education. A historiographic analysis of the problem was carried out, the categorical apparatus of the study and the terminological base were specified, criteria and indexes of the formation of students’ preparation - architects for professional activities in the process of distance learning were identified.The problem lies in the scientific substantiation of the structure and content of the distance-learning model for students of architectural specialties of universities.The purpose of this paper is to develop and scientifically and pedagogically justify a distance-learning model for preparing students of architectural specialties.Research methods. To test the initial provisions and achieve the goals set at different stages of the study, the following theoretical methods were used: analysis of regulatory documents and psychological and pedagogical literature, historical and pedagogical analysis.The main part of the article reveals a distance-learning model for preparing students of architectural specialties. The distance-learning model includes the following blocks: target, which includes the goal of organizing distance learning to train students of architectural specialties; methodological, including system-activity, personality-oriented, axiological, competence-based approaches and their corresponding principles; meaningful, including readiness components: (motivational, cognitive, activity-practical, creative, evaluative-reflective), as well as pedagogical conditions: creating positive motivation for learning, the presence of educational communication, improving the student’s readiness to use distance learning technologies, providing stages training: information-theoretical, practice-oriented, integration; organizational and procedural, including organizational forms of distance learning for the preparation of students of architectural specialties of universities: synchronous, asynchronous; distance learning methods; means; learning technologies; diagnostic, including criteria and indexes: motivational, cognitive, activity-practical, creative, evaluative-reflective, as well as levels: receptive, receptive-reproductive, reproductive-productive, productive, creative; effective - including the results of the organization of distance learning for the preparation of students of architectural specialties.Conclusion. The concept of training students of architectural specialties of universities has been clarified. Preparation of students - architects for professional activities in the process of distance learning is a pedagogical process aimed at organizing the work of students - architects, contributing to the development of motivational, cognitive, activity-practical, creative, evaluative-reflexive components. A model of distance learning for students of architectural specialties has been developed, characterized by consistency, stability and integrativity of its constituent components: target; methodological; substantive, organizational and procedural, diagnostic and productive. The concept of distance learning model is disclosed. The ideas about distance learning have been expanded; the results and conclusions make a certain contribution to the theory of distance learning in terms of using the possibilities of distance learning to organize the educational process in an architectural university. The model of distance learning for students of architectural specialties is described.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНТЕРАКТИВНИХ ОНЛАЙН-ДОШОК ПРИ ВИКЛАДАННІ МАТЕМАТИЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

In recent years, the higher education system of Ukraine has faced significant upheavals: the introduction of quarantine due to the Covid-19 pandemic, martial law, and active hostilities. These upheavals were the reason for the transition from the traditional form of education to the distance form. To ensure a high level of distance learning, teachers actively use online learning platforms. The peculiarity of teaching mathematics is the high level of abstraction of educational information. A critical component of the organization of distance learning in institutions of higher education is the provision of conditions for students' maximum comfortable perception of the educational material. With the transition to distance learning, the question arose as to how to make the process of learning mathematical disciplines visible and understandable for applicants. Among all pedagogical technologies, interactive learning technology occupies an important place in the implementation of distance learning in the educational process. Interactive technologies are implementation of in the educational process through online tools and services. One of the main means of interactivity is an interactive online board. The use of online boards in the educational process of higher education institutions solves the problems of ensuring visibility, interactivity, availability of quick feedback, and organization of work in a single virtual space. In the work modern online whiteboards are analyzed: Miro, CleverMaths, LiveBoard, IDroo, Drawchat, Jamboard, Scribblar, Classroomscreen, Microsoft Whiteboard, and Twiddla. The main criteria for the analysis were chosen: the possibility of online use of the board, access to participants via the link, the existence of an application for Android and IOS, and free service. Miro, LiveBoard, Jamboard, and Microsoft Whiteboard meet all the requirements of interactivity, but unfortunately have limited functionality for teaching mathematical disciplines. CleverMaths has the largest visualization functionality for teaching math disciplines. At the same time, CleverMaths lacks interactivity. The combination of CleverMaths in a complex with additional communication channels, namely programs for video conferences, allows you to achieve the necessary level of visibility and interactivity for distance learning of mathematical disciplines in higher education institutions. Key words: Interactive technologies, online boards, institutions of higher education, educational process, teaching mathematics.

ГРАМАТИКА АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ – ТАКТИКИ ПОГЛИБЛЕНОГО ВИВЧЕННЯ В ДИСТАНЦІЙНІЙ ФОРМІ

Learning grammar of a foreign language was perceived differently by different methodologists at different times. For a long time, the grammar-translation method used to prevail, when learning a foreign language was reduced almost exclusively to mechanical translation of sentences. Proponents of the communicative approach very often give up grammar altogether, replacing the study of rules with the training of several widespread speech patterns. The article is aimed to suggesting some methods of teaching English grammar at the advanced level as a selected subject for one or two terms. The paper partly uses the method of experimental survey and the descriptive method. The experience of teaching grammar of contemporary English at different levels and constant considerations on this issue allow us to conclude that a certain number of students are interested and motivated to study this aspect of a foreign language. Focusing on the unambiguous strategy of teaching this selective discipline – achieving an advanced level of grammar mastering, there is a need to use different tactics according to the level of different groups. The need to organize distance learning in modern conditions, which has arisen objectively and does not depend on the wishes of the teacher or university, nevertheless allows the teacher to use the advantages and opportunities of contemporary information technologies – videos, audio files, online exercises, online testing and many others. The selection of topics for study is carried out taking into consideration such criteria as the results of the student survey, the performance of the entrance test and the teacher's own experience. In the conditions of distance learning, it is possible to choose a variety of modern English grammar textbooks, videos of native speakers with explanations of grammatical phenomena with or without Ukrainian translation, online grammar exercises, etc. The availability of technological support does not exclude work with a teacher and choice of relevant exercises. These exercises can be divided into combined (to establish ties between theory and practice), basic and recreational. The combination of live communication between students and the teacher with the possibilities of contemporary information technologies makes it possible to achieve the strategic goal of providing motivated students with a high level of English grammar knowledge. Key words. Grammar, advanced study, exercise, strategy, tactics, distant learning.

The Implementation of the Project "Camp School-Garden" for Indigenous Peoples' Children of the North (Results of Monitoring in 2022)

This article presents the preliminary results of sociological monitoring for 2022 related to the implementation of the pilot project "Camp School-garden" for primary education for children from among the indigenous peoples of the North living in remote areas of traditional nature management. The subject of the study is the problem of actualization of new forms of preschool education in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, using remote information and educational technologies. The purpose of the study is to identify the level of conditions for the development of a new form of preschool education by children from among the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North living in remote territories and unable to attend a preschool educational institution. According to the results of the study, taking into account the totality of individual positive indicators, conclusions are drawn about the relevance of the pilot project "Camp school-garden": satisfaction with the quality of educational services, positive choice of children, timely receipt of information about tasks, etc. At the same time, less positive and even negative indicators are indicated, which should be taken into account for the further implementation of the project: not always high-quality and acceptable operation of the Internet, a difference of opinion about the organization of distance learning on the project, etc. It is proved that the implementation of the project "Camp School-garden" can contribute to the mitigation of the revealed discrepancy between the forms of basic education and the peculiarities of life associated with traditional environmental management in remote areas through the systematic introduction of new information and educational technologies.

Distance learning in universities of the Samara Region: results of situational reflection

The paper analyzes the state of distance learning in universities at the present stage of digitalization of society; conducts a theoretical analysis of publications on the problems of distance learning in universities of the Russian Federation, describes the results of a sociological study of students of Samara universities regarding organizational aspects and conditions of distance learning. The problems of distance learning are identified and the typological features of their classification in the authors edition are determined. A brief description of legal, psycho-emotional, physiological, organizational, technical and technological problems is given. As part of a practical study, the focus is on the organizational aspect of distance education. The practical component of the study was reflected in the conduct of a sociological survey of students of 15 courses of universities in the Samara region to identify certain aspects of their attitude to the organization of distance learning. The validity of the results of the study was ensured by the representativeness of the sample of respondents: the study involved students of different universities, areas and majors, courses, forms of education, which is confirmed by the statistical data of the results of the survey. The study has revealed an opinion of respondents in relation to the quality of distance learning, technological readiness of the subjects of the educational process for the implementation of distance learning, availability of objective conditions (in particular, logistics, functionality of the videoconferencing systems used, etc.). The paper presents quantitative indicators and analyzes the results of the study.

DISTANCE LEARNING FOR UKRAINIAN SCHOOLCHILDREN UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW: ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECT

The article reveals the features of the organization of distance education in secondary school of Ukraine under the martial law conditions. The essence of the problem faced by the education system is presented, including the inability to provide full-time learning process due to the destruction of educational institutions and safety threats to the schoolchildren. The authors justify the thesis that distance education in Ukraine has nowadays changed its status from a possible option to the priority mode of the educational process organization. The presentation of the research material is based on the following points: analysis of the current legal framework for the implementation of distance education in schools; the analysis of the most common supportive tools, distance learning resources, platforms for methodical support of educators, and practical recommendations on the distance learning organization. The authors carry out the analysis of the already existing and functional projects designed to provide methodical support to Ukrainian educators, detailing the features of the functioning of the "All-Ukrainian Online School", "All-Ukrainian Schedule", the essence of the "Quality of Education" project, etc. It is concluded that the Ukrainian government is working on various organizational aspects of the distance learning implementation paying attention to the importance of restructuring the calendar and thematic planning of education process, the need to organize distance learning in an educational institution within a single educational platform, the peculiarities of knowledge acquisition in synchronous/asynchronous modes of teaching. Selected organizational issues relate to clarifying the psychological conditions of knowledge acquisition in the distance learning format, and the importance of establishing communication with parents. In today's conditions, Ukrainian distance learning provides various supportive online tools for both educators and students. However, along with this, there are issues that await their further resolution, in particular: the technical aspect of the organization of distance learning under the conditions of martial law; the need to increase the digital competencies of all participants in the educational process; and the importance of providing methodological assistance to teachers regarding their work in a distance format.

Some Aspects of Modern Distance Learning Technologies in the Field of Fire Safety

The article is devoted to the issues of distance learning of the basics of fire safety of the able-bodied population (employees of organizations). Traditional forms of education do not fully meet modern demands for knowledge in this area. The use of distance learning makes it possible to realize the needs for acquiring and updating the necessary competencies in the field of fire safety with the indirect interaction of a training specialist and a lecturer. The demand for this form of education, the effectiveness of learning the educational material largely depends on the ratio of digital technologies used in the educational process.The purpose of the study is to analyze modern technologies for organizing the educational process of distance learning in the basics of fire safety to improve the quality of educational services and motivate employees of organizations to study in a distance format. The constant development of computer technologies leads to the improvement of the distance learning format, the search for new methodological solutions.Materials and methods. The results of the study were obtained as a result of the analysis of existing developments and approaches to distance learning. The work on the organization of distance learning in general and teaching the basics of fire safety in this format to Russian and English-speaking researchers is considered. The analysis of best practices and technological innovations in the field of distance learning is carried out. The legal basis of the study is the normative legal acts of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the research includes methods of theoretical research (analysis, synthesis, generalization, modeling), graphic and comparative method.Results. The authors conducted a comparison of full-time and distance learning. The general characteristic factors, as well as the features of the distance-learning format are considered.Modern distance education technologies use software, hardware and educational theories to facilitate the learning process and increase the assimilation of knowledge. Thus, the virtual learning environment is a complex of computer technologies and pedagogical design, which allows having a qualitative impact on the formation and actualization of competencies in the field of fire safety. The organization of training in this format is an effective solution not only for the employee of the organization (the listener) but also for the lecturer. Distance learn- ing in the field of fire safety, organized based on a virtual learning environment, can provide pre-certification training for employees of organizations, and the lecturer can use modern training tools for the educational interaction.The authors propose a scheme of the educational environment for the listener, as well as the algorithm of the lecturer’s work in the format of distance learning in the basics of fire safety. Recommendations are given on the organization and presentation of educational material, taking into account the psychological characteristics of the perception of information, as well as the professional specifics of the listeners.Conclusion. The development of modern digital technologies has influenced the organization of training at all levels of education, including the professional training of employees of organizations. In order to achieve high educational results and acquire the necessary competencies in the field of fire safety, it is necessary to improve the system of digitalization of the educational environment, transformation of forms of material presentation and the introduction of innovative technological learning tools. High-quality training of specialists of organizations will have an impact on the formation of fire-safe behavior, reduce the risk of fire on the territory of the organization.

Manajemen Pembelajaran Daring Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus TK Fullday School Hadlonah Darussalam Gontor Ponorogo

To prevent the spread of the corona virus, educational institutions organize distance learning. Inthe online learning process so far, teachers and students as well as parents experience many problems, so online learning is considered less effective. In such circumstances, an effective learning solution is needed in planning, implementing and evaluating online learning. The purpose of this study is to explain, describe and analyze the planning, implementation and evaluation of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The researcher uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. To analyze the research data, the Miles and Huberman model that the researcher uses as a reference. The results showed that: 1) Online learning planning for PAUD during the COVID-19 pandemicat Hadlonah Darussalam Kindergarten is a routine activity at the beginning of each semester, where the planning results include RPPS, Syllabus, RPPM, and online RPPH; 2) Implementation of online learning in Hadlonah Kindergarten using the WhatsApp application. The material is delivered through tutorials in WhatsApp Groups such as voicenotes, video recordings, youtube. The strategies used by TK are online and offline; 3) Evaluation of online learning of Hadlonah Darussalam Kindergarten is taken from observing assignments (photos, videos and voice recordings) and seeing the performance of students. The learning evaluation shows that the online learning interaction process is more effective, due to the effective use of the Whatsaap application as a means of communication between teachers and students.

LINGUODIDACTIC ASPECT OF ENGLISH MULTIMEDIA CONTENT USE IN DISTANCE LEARNING

The objective of the article – to justify the methodological principles and basic componentsof the model of teaching English in distance learning.Research materials and methods include a model of organizing distance learning, whichinvolves the use of computer technology as the basis of learning and the use of multimediacontent as an integrated component of the comprehensive methodological supportfor learning English, in particular the process of forming English speaking skills andabilities. The method of formal analysis as well as structural and comparative methodswere used in the research.Results. The system of pedagogical conditions for distance learning of the Englishlanguage as a complex application of computer and multimedia technologies issubstantiated. The methodical principles and basic components of the training model areoutlined. The functions of computer technology, multimedia support, tasks for the teacherand student opportunities are defined.Conclusions. The effectiveness of these learning technologies use is determined by thespecific tasks of studying the discipline and the expediency of their use to ensure theimplementation of supporting functions, the main ones of which are:1. Determination of the management degree of the student’s educational activity by theteacher at all levels.2. Determination of the management degree of one’s educational activities by the studenthimself.3. Statistical analysis of the results of educational activities, which ensures the avoidanceof assessment subjectivism.4. Indirect guidance of independent educational activities, which prevents psychologicalstress.5. Providing a feedback system6. Ensuring self-control.7.Efficiency of processing the assimilation results of educational information.

Digitalization of Russian Higher Education: Difficulties of the Transition Period

The active process of digitalization, which accelerated in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, has created new requirements for the system of education. The relevance of this study lies in the use of data on students' academic performance and their attitude with the data of the sociological survey of teachers and students on the organization of distance learning and the difficulties that both sides used in this format. The study was conducted in 2020 and 2021. The analysis of the research data covers the following areas: organizational problems of the transition to distance learning; organizational resources used and technical capabilities for conducting classes, assessment of positive and negative aspects of distance learning; level of acquired knowledge; satisfaction with the learning process among students, as well as the issues related to the study of teachers’ social well-being and the assessment of possible changes in teaching activities. As a result of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that a comparative analysis of the progress of students and the data of the survey of students and teachers allows us to draw conclusions about the low level of self-organization of students in the learning process.

SAFETY ISSUES OF SCREEN DEVICES USING DURING DISTANCE EDUCATION

Problem statement. Having analyzed the changes introduced by the government in the organization of the educational process during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic, martial law, the authors drew attention to the problems and difficulties that arise with the psychological status of health and safety for educators during distance learning. Distance education is impossible without the use of special technical equipment and access to the Internet. The existing regulatory documents do not meet the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the use of modern technological means. This factor can lead to negative consequences, because there are no regulatory documents that would help parents and educators organize a suitable work space at home and control the dangerous mode of operation with a technical device for distance teaching and learning. Therefore, it is urgent to make changes to the regulations on labor protection in order to create safe conditions for the use of computer equipment and gadgets during distance learning. The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of distance learning in institutions of higher education, highlight problematic safety issues and ways to solve them with the perspective of further development. Conclusions. Taking into account the continuation of the distance learning format, its rapid development is taking place with the use of modern information technologies. In today's conditions the regulation of the normative-legal issue for sanitary-hygienic safety at technical means using during distance learning is still relevant. An overview of problematic safety issues related to the organization of distance learning at home was conducted. Effective steps for the development and improvement of forms and methods for work in the application of distance learning require remote interaction between the student and the teacher. In order for distance education to develop in a positive direction, the problems and difficulties encountered in its use must be pointed out in advance.

Problems and Opportunities of Distance Learning in The Context of The Pandemic: Case of One University in Kazakhstan

Distance education systems are being actively studied and developed in higher educational institutions of Kazakhstan, and have already passed the path from the distance learning system to Intelligent flexible learning model based on Web technologies. The advantages of online learning are classroom and platform independence. The goal of various intelligent learning systems is to use knowledge about the field of study, the learner, and learning strategies to provide flexible, individualized study and training. Many Kazakhstani universities were engaged in distance learning as part of the implementation of the second higher education. Obtaining a second higher education in Kazakhstan refers to studying in higher education programs after completing studies at the first higher education in the form of a bachelor's or specialist's degree. By obtaining a second higher education, you can get a degree or qualification in another educational program. The purpose of this empirical research is to study the attitudes of students regarding distance learning and to identify problems in the fulfillment of distance learning in an emergency transition. The study uses a quantitative research method based on a one-dimensional data analysis using descriptive statistics. In order to assess the level of distance learning organization process, the institutional study was initiated at the Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University and conducted by the Research Institute for Social and Gender Studies. Based on this study recommendations were developed to improve the educational, methodological, social and educational work of the university, including the use of library resources in the conditions of distance learning. The study was conducted during June - July 2020. The study involved 677 students from all faculties of the university, including bachelor and master degree students, doctoral students. The study was prompted by: the need to assess the quality and level of organization of distance learning at the university; the need to identify problems (issues) of educational and social adaptation of the first-year students; the need to establish the degree of satisfaction of students with the distance learning process. The survey also allows to determine: the most effective forms of distance learning; study the performance indicators of the services provided by the university; to study the indicators of adaptation of students, master degree and doctoral students (satisfaction with the results; deficit experienced by students); evaluate the effectiveness of the work of deans, teachers and advisors from among teachers from the point of view of students. This research identifies the problems in the transition from traditional to distance learning and difficulties that arise when students receive high-quality professional education. Recommendations are developed to optimize the work of university structures aimed at improving the efficiency of the institutes’ work and psychological services. The results obtained will make it possible to make managerial decisions based on information that considers the opinion of consumers of educational services.

ORGANIZATION OF DISTANCE AND BLENDED LEARNING OF MATHEMATICS FOR SENIOR PUPILS AT SCHOOL DURING QUARANTINE

The article deals with the problems of organization of the distance learning of mathematics for senior pupils at Ukrainian schools during quarantine. The authors, based on their own pedagogical experience, describe the peculiarities of distance learning in mathematics. They also indicate the types of work that were carried out with the pupils. In the article feedback results, which helped to conduct analysis and further improvement and adaptation of methodological approaches to the conditions of distance learning, are given. In particular, the materials of the author's questionnaire for pupils were processed and the results of several all-Ukrainian monitoring of schoolchildren's participation in various forms of distance learning during quarantine were studied. Foreign experience is also considered. This made it possible to obtain information about the advantages and disadvantages of the organization of distance learning of mathematics and to improve the educational process in 2020-2021 academic year, which was held in a blended mode.
 A comparison of the approaches, forms, means and methods of training that have been used since the beginning of the distance education throughout the country (March 2020) and until now has been made. It is clearly demonstrated how the process of improving the educational process took place and the role of conducted surveys and monitoring in this process: the transition from Viber groups for individual classes to the creation of a school-wide distance learning system using Google for Education tools and the Edyna Shkola electronic journaling system.
 The functionality of the distance learning platform Google Classroom was analyzed, and a conclusion was drawn about its effectiveness. The functionality of the Edyna Shkola system and the opportunities it provides to the school administration, teachers, pupils, and parents are considered. After reviewing the two platforms, it was concluded that Edyna Shkola system is focused on the interaction between the teachers, pupils and parents, where the main emphasis is shifted to monitoring the individual pupil's performance. At the same time, Google Classroom has a powerful functionality for providing a digital educational environment of an educational institution.

DISTANCE LEARNING DURING THE WAR IN UKRAINE: EXPERIENCE OF INTERNAL MEDICINE DEPARTMENT (ORGANISATION AND CHALLENGES)

The beginning of the military aggression by the Russian Federation induced the suspension of education at all levels. Starting from March 14th, the training has continued in a remote format. But, although all educational institutions had the experience of distance learning, teaching during the war revealed its own features. During the war in Ukraine, health care facilities remain a military target, causing casualties among medical personnel. This, together with medical workers` abduction and migration, resulted in a shortage of medical staff. Under such conditions, the contribution of senior students and higher medical institution graduates was significant. Therefore, the continuation of medical education during the war is of great importance for an effective health care system functioning.
 The aim. Highlight the experience of distance learning organisation at the clinical department during the war and the problems were discovered during the class.
 Materials and methods. Classes were held daily with the mandatory synchronous and asynchronous parts, and the organisational component ensured their connection. The asynchronous component was organised by answering an extended clinical case, which included several theoretical questions and five mandatory tasks. To decrease the load for the teacher, the time limit for answering clinical case has been set, and a template of standard comments has been created. In addition, students were required to answer KROK2 tests. The synchronous component of distance learning was implemented using a Google Meet video conference, held daily according to a pre-approved schedule. In order to increase the level of student's communication skills, improve clinical thinking, as well as the practical application of the acquired knowledge, a "clinical" simulation was carried out during each video conference.
 Due to the pandemic of COVID-19, institutions of higher medical education had a well-established mechanism of the distance learning organisation. However, active hostilities on the territory of Ukraine led to additional obstacles. The lack of sufficient resources to meet the physiological needs limited the students' opportunities to study because, according to A. Maslow, the fulfilment of basic needs is important to an effective cognitive activity. The sound of air raid sirens required interrupting the online part and descending into a bomb shelter. A chronic shortage of basic needs realisation led to a disturbance of the emotional state and consequently hindered the effective processing and memorisation of the material. The absence of stable Internet and being in different time zones also interfered with efficient education. Students' participation in volunteer activities impeded their ability to engage in and concentrate on the educational process.
 Conclusions. Despite the sudden start of military aggression, institutions of higher medical education quickly switched to distance learning. As in the times of the COVID-19 lockdown, online education consisted of synchronous and asynchronous parts connected through the organisational component. However, active military operations and the constant threat of aerial attacks have created additional obstacles: security issues during the study, emotional state of students and teachers, problems with the Internet, power blackout, and being in different time zones. In addition, students` volunteer activities impeded full engagement in the learning process.

Organizing distance learning via ZOOM CLOUD MEETING and GOOGLE CLASSROOM in medical education

This article discusses the broad possibilities provided by distance learning within the framework of medical education. Online classes can be used for certification programs in various areas of public health for students and paramedics.

Innovative Ways of Working with Parents who Educate Children with Special Needs

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of organizing innovative forms of work with parents who educate children with special educational needs. The articles, books, publications, which reflect the question are considered. The essence of the concepts "inclusive learning", "inclusion", "inclusive education", "tutor", "pedagogical partnership", "autism". It has been proven that pedagogical partnership between teachers and parents is an important factor in the organization of quality education for children with special educational needs. The educational approach to teaching and upbringing of autistic children is highlighted. It was found that many parents of inclusive children need psychological assistance and support. Revealed the reasons that can lead to parental stress. Advice was given to parents who educate children with special educational needs. Early intervention programs developed by the US Department of Education were considered to support parents. Difficulties in organizing distance learning caused by the COVID-2019 pandemic were noted. It is noted that the main strategy of pedagogical partnership is communication. Examples of the activities of parents and children are given, which teachers recommend for practical use. Emphasis is placed on creating a "situation of success" in education. Parents were offered forms of work to consolidate material on writing and mathematics with children. It has been proven that the development of fine motor skills of the child's hands contributes to the easy perception and memorization of new material. The compilation of an individual curriculum for the development of the child and the role of parents are considered, and the criteria by which the structure occurs are noted. Attention is paid to avoiding emotional burnout of parents.