Disorder Parameter Research Articles

Corchorus olitorius L. ameliorates alcoholic liver disease by regulating gut-liver axis

• Water-soluble extract from molokhia leaves (WM) were extracted and characterized. • WM ameliorates alcohol-induced metabolic disorder parameters. • WM ameliorates alcohol-induced inflammation and lipid accumulation in liver. • WM regulates gut microbial composition and ameliorates gut barrier function. Gut microbial dysbiosis, induced by alcohol consumption, disrupts the gut-liver axis, leading to the development and progression of alcoholic liver disease. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of the water-soluble extract from molokhia ( Corchorus olitorius L.) leaves (WM) on the alcohol-induced disruption of the gut-liver axis in mice. The administration of 50 and 100 mg/kg WM reduced the levels of serum biomarkers for liver injury. Moreover, WM treatment ameliorated the alcohol-induced increase in hepatic inflammation and lipogenic protein levels. WM improved the gut microbial composition disrupted by alcohol, which suggests the effects of WM in mediating the gut-liver axis. WM also improved gut barrier function via the regulation of gut permeability and tight junction protein expression. These results indicate that WM can be used as a food supplement to improve alcohol-induced liver damage by regulating the gut-liver axis.

Kinetic Monte‐Carlo Simulation of Exciton Hopping: Urbach Tails in Gas‐Molecule Decorated MoSe2

Disorder parameters of gas‐molecule decorated monolayer are quantitatively investigated. This material system is interesting because disorder may be introduced and removed at will by regulating the number of adsorbed gas molecules through laser annealing. These molecules electrostatically trap excitons leading to localized defect states, which are exponentially distributed in energy. Herein, experiments are described by kinetic Monte‐Carlo simulations, in summary enabling richer studies than within crystalline materials with a fixed degree of disorder. It is found that the surface coverage of the MoSe2 may reach up to one molecule per 2 nm2 and that the density of adsorbed molecules depends on the laser power by a power law.

Temperature-dependent criticality in random 2D Ising models

We consider 2D random Ising ferromagnetic models, where quenched disorder is represented either by random local magnetic fields (random-field Ising model) or by a random distribution of interaction couplings (random-bond Ising model). In both cases, we first perform zero- and finite-temperature Monte Carlo simulations to determine how the critical temperature depends on the disorder parameter. We then focus on the reversal transition triggered by an external field and study the associated Barkhausen noise. Our main result is that the critical exponents characterizing the power law associated with the Barkhausen noise exhibit a temperature dependence in line with existing experimental observations.

Effects of localization length and spatial disorder on a charge carrier mobility in organic disordered semiconductors

We investigate the transport properties of charge carrier disordered organic semiconductors with a focus on the determination and analysis of charge carrier mobility. By understanding that charge transport is due to incoherent hopping of charge carriers across localized states, we use a model that relates mobility to charge carrier (not small polarons) hopping by thermal activation. We consider the Miller–Abrahams expression to describe the hopping rate of charge carriers and employ kinetic Monte Carlo simulation methods to generate data from which we can analyze charge carrier mobility as a function of applied electric field, temperature, localization length, and spatial and energetic disorder parameters. Based on our results, we discuss the effects of these parameters on charge carrier mobility. Our results show the importance of the spatial disorder parameter and localization length in the effects of electric field dependence on charge carrier mobility, and we also evaluate the value of localization length that has been mostly considered as 0.1b, where b is the lattice parameter.

Scaling of the disorder operator at (2+1)d U(1) quantum criticality

We study disorder operator, defined as a symmetry transformation applied to a finite region, across a continuous quantum phase transition in $(2+1)d$. We show analytically that, at a conformally invariant critical point with U(1) symmetry, the disorder operator with a small U(1) rotation angle defined on a rectangle region exhibits power-law scaling with the perimeter of the rectangle. The exponent is proportional to the current central charge of the critical theory. Such a universal scaling behavior is due to the sharp corners of the region and we further obtain a general formula for the exponent when the corner is nearly smooth. To probe the full parameter regime, we carry out systematic computation of the U(1) disorder parameter in the square lattice Bose-Hubbard model across the superfluid-insulator transition with large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, and confirm the presence of the universal corner correction. The exponent of the corner term determined from numerical simulations agrees well with the analytical predictions.

Association of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin with parameters of CKD-MBD in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is not only a biomarker of kidney injury but also a bone-derived factor involved in metabolism. We aimed to explore relationships between plasma NGAL and chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) parameters in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. First, a cross sectional observational study, including 105 MHD patients, was conducted to explore relationships between plasma NGAL levels and CKD-MBD parameters. Second, impact of parathyroidectomy and auto-transplantation (PTX + AT) on plasma NGAL was investigated in 12 MHD patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). According to Spearman correlation analysis, plasma NGAL levels were positively correlated with female (r = 0.243, P = 0.012), vintage (r = 0.290, P = 0.003), Klotho (r = 0.234, P = 0.016), calcium(Ca) (r = 0.332, P = 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (r = 0.401, P < 0.001) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (r = 0.256, P = 0.008); while inversely correlated with albumin(Alb) (r = - 0.201, P = 0.039). After adjusting for age, sex, vintage, Alb and all parameters of CKD-MBD(Ca, P, lg(ALP), lg(iPTH), Klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23)), lg(NGAL) were positively correlated with Ca (r = 0.481, P < 0.001), P (r = 0.336, P = 0.037), lg(ALP) (r = 0.646, P < 0.001) in Partial correlation analysis; further multiple linear regression analysis showed same positive associations between lg(NGAL) and Ca (β = 0.330, P = 0.002), P (β = 0.218, P = 0.037), lg(ALP) (β = 0.671, P < 0.001). During the 4-7days after PTX + AT, plasma NGAL decreased from 715.84 (578.73, 988.14) to 688.42 (660.00, 760.26) ng/mL (P = 0.071), Klotho increased from 496.45 (341.73, 848.30) to 1138.25 (593.87, 2009.27) pg/mL (P = 0.099). Plasma NGAL levels were positively associated with ALP in MHD patients; and downtrends were shown after PTX + AT in patients with severe SHPT. These findings suggest that NGAL is a participant in CKD-MBD under MHD condition.

Disorder-induced Anderson-like localization for bidimensional thermoelectrics optimization

Disorder-induced Anderson-like localization for bidimensional thermoelectrics optimization

Topological protection of coherence in disordered open quantum systems

We consider topological protection mechanisms in dissipative quantum systems in the presence of quenched disorder, with the intent to prolong coherence times of qubits. The physical setting is a network of qubits and dissipative cavities whose coupling parameters are tunable, such that topological edge states can be stabilized. The evolution of a fiducial qubit is entirely determined by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian which thus emerges from a bona-fide physical process. It is shown how even in the presence of disorder winding numbers can be defined and evaluated in real space, as long as certain symmetries are preserved. Hence we can construct the topological phase diagrams of noisy open quantum models, such as the non-Hermitian disordered Su-Schrieffer- Heeger dimer model and a trimer model that includes longer-range couplings. In the presence of competing disorder parameters, interesting re-entrance phenomena of topologically non-trivial sectors are observed. This means that in certain parameter regions, increasing disorder drastically increases the coherence time of the fiducial qubit.

A comparative magnetic behaviour of conventional and high entropy double perovskites: La2MnCoO6 and (La0.4Y0.4Ca0.4Sr0.4Ba0.4)MnCoO6

Here we report the synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of La2MnCoO6 and the high entropy stabilized (La0.4Y0.4Ca0.4Sr0.4Ba0.4)MnCoO6. The samples were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) elemental mapping analysis together with high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) and magnetization studies. PXRD and ED studies confirm the orthorhombic and cubic symmetry of La2MnCoO6 and (La0.4Y0.4Ca0.4Sr0.4Ba0.4)MnCoO6, respectively. The elemental mapping confirms the chemical homogeneity of the samples. The high temperature magnetic ordering at TC ~ 225 K expected for an atomically ordered La2MnCoO6 is suppressed in the corresponding quenched sample. The atomic disordering in quenched La2MnCoO6 results in coexistence of the phases where vibronic ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetic states appeared at TC ~ 135 K and TN ~ 150 K, respectively. Whereas the high entropy stabilized (La0.4Y0.4Ca0.4Sr0.4Ba0.4)MnCoO6 exhibits antiferromagnetic transition at TN ~ 150 K and low temperature magnetic frustration at 45 K and 15 K due to localized competing interactions. The drastic suppression of ferromagnetic state in (La0.4Y0.4Ca0.4Sr0.4Ba0.4)MnCoO6 suggests that the essential interaction is of antiferromagnetic nature in cationically disordered La2MnCoO6 perovskite. We have suggested that the size disorder parameter, σ2=∑ixiri2-<rA>2 plays a significant role in determining the magnetic ground state of the high entropy stabilized perovskite.

Observation of disorder induced weak localization in Gd:ZnO thin films

We have observed weak localization induced by disorder in thin films of Gd doped ZnO (Gd:ZnO) deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Disorder parameter (Kfl) of all the Gd:ZnO thin films was found to be greater than 1, which indicates that thin films of Gd:ZnO in this study are in metallic side of metal-insulator transition. However, temperature dependent resistivity studies of all the Gd:ZnO thin films exhibits negative temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) showing semiconductor like nature at low temperatures. This anomaly in temperature dependent resistivity behaviour has been attributed to the dominant presence of weak localization. Magnetoresistance measurements confirms the dominant influence of weak localization in the conducting mechanism of Gd:ZnO films. Phase coherent length was found to be varied with the concentration of Gd and reports the highest value at ~360 nm for Gd:ZnO thin film with 1 at.% of Gd concentration. .

Sharp bounds for the integrated density of states of a strongly disordered 1D Anderson–Bernoulli model

In this article, we give upper and lower bounds for the integrated density of states (IDS) of the 1D discrete Anderson–Bernoulli model when the disorder is strong enough to separate the two spectral bands. These bounds are uniform on the disorder and hold over the whole spectrum. They show the existence of a sequence of energies in which the value of the IDS can be given explicitly and does not depend on the disorder parameter.

Study of Red Blood Cell Indices and Biochemical Parameters of Mineral Bone Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem and a major cause of suffering and having a reduced quality of life for those affected. Objective: We aimed to study the changes in red blood cell indices and mineral bone metabolism in hemodialysis patients and to explore the correlation between these studied parameters. Patients and Methods: This is a case control study included 55 adult patients with end stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis as well as 55 healthy individuals as a control group. All participants were subjected to laboratory investigations included complete blood count and serum levels of creatinine, urea, total calcium, albumin, phosphate and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH). Results: Our study showed thathemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit and red blood cell count were significantly reduced in the hemodialysis patients (P<0.001 for all). Regarding mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, no significant differences were found between the hemodialysis patients and the control group (P= 0.362, 0.116, 0.22, respectively). In the hemodialysis group, the albumin-corrected serum calcium level was significantly lower while the serum phosphate and iPTH levels were significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.001 for all). Hb was inversely correlated with serum iPTH (r=-0.359, P=0.007) and serum phosphate (r=-0.570, P<0.001) in the hemodialysis group and was inversely correlated with serum phosphate (r=-0.495, P<0.001) in the control group. Conclusion: Hemodialysis patients are at high risk of anemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and hyperparathyroidism. In hemodialysis patients, an association was found between anemia and each of hyperphosphatemia and hyperparathyroidism.

INVESTIGATION OF MENTAL HEALTH OF AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN THE COVID–19 PANDEMIC PERIOD

The aim of this study is to investigate the mental health of amateur and professional football players during the Covid-19 pandemic period. For this purpose, 49 amateur female, 68 amateur male and 34 professional male football players participated in the study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index consisting of 24 questions and the Beck Depression Scale consisting of 21 questions were applied to measure the sleep quality and depression symptoms of the participants. The obtained data were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program. Values were presented as minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, and standard error. Significance level was accepted as p&lt;0.05. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test for normality. One Way Anova and LSD tests were performed to analyze the differences between groups. There were significant differences in BDI total score, subjective sleep quality and sleep disorder parameters when grouped by age. (p&lt;0.05) Significant differences were found in BDI total score, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disturbance, and total PUKI score parameters when grouped by sport categories. (p&lt;0.05) No significant difference was found in any parameter in grouping the participants according to sports age. (p&gt;0.05) As a result, it can be said that the sleep quality of amateur women and amateur men is bad, and the sleep quality of professional men is good during the Covid-19 pandemic period. It can be said that the depression symptoms of amateur women are bad, the amateur men's group is moderate, and the depression symptoms of professional men are good.&#x0D; &#x0D; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0785/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Shaping the Color and Angular Appearance of Plasmonic Metasurfaces with Tailored Disorder.

The optical properties of plasmonic nanoparticle ensembles are determined not only by the particle shape and size but also by the nanoantenna arrangement. To investigate the influence of the spatial ordering on the far-field optical properties of nanoparticle ensembles, we introduce a disorder model that encompasses both "frozen-phonon" and correlated disorder. We present experimental as well as computational approaches to gain a better understanding of the impact of disorder. A designated Fourier microscopy setup allows us to record the real- and Fourier-space images of plasmonic metasurfaces as either RGB images or fully wavelength-resolved data sets. Furthermore, by treating the nanoparticles as dipoles, we calculate the electric field based on dipole-dipole interaction, extract the far-field response, and convert it to RGB images. Our results reveal how the different disorder parameters shape the optical far field and thus define the optical appearance of a disordered metasurface and show that the relatively simple dipole approximation is able to reproduce the far-field behavior accurately. These insights can be used for engineering metasurfaces with tailored disorder to produce a desired bidirectional reflectance distribution function.

Effect of disordered pore distribution on the fracture of brittle porous media studied by bonded DEM

The mechanical properties of geo-materials, porous media, and cementing materials are inherently variable, owing to the presence of pores, cracks, and other microscale heterogeneities, known as Griffith flaws. In this study, we focused on the influence of disordered pore distribution on the mechanical properties of bonded granular materials and performed simulations of uniaxial tensile testing through 2D Discrete Element Method (DEM). The sample was modeled in the form of an agglomeration of elementary balls with breakable bonds, while disordered pores were introduced by deleting a certain number of elementary balls from the initial dense ordered packing. We defined the pore disorder parameter as Dp, which specifies the degree of disorder, and applied uniaxial tension to various samples with different Dp. The simulation results demonstrated that the failure strength is inversely proportionate to the level of porosity and Dp, and that the heterogeneity of stress transmission also increases with Dp. The reduction of tensile strength in a highly disordered specimen (Dp = 2.0) reached its maximum value when the porosity was 0.274, while the reduction of the tensile stiffness dominated when the porosity was 0.339. Near the percolation threshold (referring to the porosity when strength or strength becomes zero), φc=0.527, both strength and stiffness were well described by the percolation theory. In addition, larger Dp lead to higher stress concentration, causing greater uncertainty of the failure strength. These findings help us to understand the influence of structural disorder over the mechanical properties of disordered porous materials.

Probing the topological Anderson transition with quantum walks

We consider one-dimensional quantum walks in optical linear networks with synthetically introduced disorder and tunable system parameters allowing for the engineered realization of distinct topological phases. The option to directly monitor the walker's probability distribution makes this optical platform ideally suited for the experimental observation of the unique signatures of the one-dimensional topological Anderson transition. We analytically calculate the probability distribution describing the quantum critical walk in terms of a (time staggered) spin polarization signal and propose a concrete experimental protocol for its measurement. Numerical simulations back the realizability of our blueprint with current date experimental hardware.

Frequency and temperature dependent electrical properties of ZnO–SnO2 nanocomposites

Results of the studies on structural, dielectric constant (ε′), Impedance (Z) and ac conductivity (σ) of sol–gel grown ZnO–SnO2 nanocomposites have been reported. X–ray diffraction (XRD) measurement reveals dual phase nature of all composites without any unwanted impurity phase. Particle size analyzer was used for establishing the nano scale order of both pure oxides. Various structural aspects of the studied nanocomposites have been discussed and correlated with ac conductivity variations with SnO2 content whereas dielectric response has been understood with the help of cole–cole model. Complex impedance spectroscopy has been understood on the basis of Nyquist plot. Frequency dependent ac conductivity strongly obeys the Jonscher's universal power law and understood on the basis of correlated barrier hopping (CBH) mechanism. Electrical properties are found to depend on temperature and frequency and have been discussed in the context of oxygen vacancies, defects, disorder and structural parameters.

Cardiotrophin-1 and components of metabolic syndrome: what is the role in the development of atrial fibrillation?

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Pavlov University Introduction. The cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a cytokine from the interleukin-6 family associated with pathology of the cardiovascular system, contributing to myocardial remodeling and the development of fibrosis in patients with hypertension. CT-1 is involved in the regulation of energy processes and the metabolism of adipose tissue, as well as in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Revealed an increase in the deposition of type I collagen in the atrial myocardium against the background of dilatation of the left atrium and an increase in the expression of CT-1. The role of CT-1 in the development of AF is currently being actively studied. Purpose. To determine the concentration of cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) with an assessment of the relationship with the parameters of obesity and metabolic disorders. Methods. In a one-stage case-control study, 352 patients aged 35 to 65 years were included: patients with MS (n = 223), of which 107 patients with AF, and comparison groups consisted of patients with AF without MS (n = 69) and practically healthy examined without cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders (n = 60). Results. It was found that the concentration of CT-1 in serum in patients with AF is higher than in patients with MS without AF (766,2 (539,2-1032,3) and 590,2 (480,1-922,3) pg/ml, p = 0,005) and higher than in healthy subjects (780,2 (550,2-1050,3) and 410,1 (290,2-549,2) pg/ml, p &amp;lt; 0,0001). It was found that in patients with AF and MS, the concentration of CT-1 in the blood serum is higher than in patients with AF without MS (851,2 (589,1-1146,3) and 681,1 (480,1-823,2) pg/ml, p = 0,004). CT-1 positively correlates with the concentration of glucose in blood plasma (r = 0,423, p = 0.002) and triglycerides (r = 0,207, p = 0,003), as well as with the waist circumference (r = 0,265, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and the thickness of epicardial fat (r = 0,351, p &amp;lt; 0,001). Using ROC analysis, it was found that with an increase in the concentration of CT-1 in blood serum more than 638,1 pg/ml, the probability of AF increased by 4 times (OR = 4.0, 95%CI 2,31-6,94, p &amp;lt; 0,0001). Conclusion. An increase of serum CT-1 concentration is associated with heart remodeling and obesity in patients with MS and probably has a pathogenetic role in increasing the risk of AF in this cohort of patients.

Small-world effects in a modified epidemiological model with mutation and permanent immune mechanism.

Pandemic with mutation and permanent immune spreading in a small-world network described is studied by a modified SIR model, with consideration of mutation-immune mechanism. First, a novel mutation-immune model is proposed to modify the classical SIR model to simulate the transmission of mutable viruses that can be permanently immunized in small-world networks. Then, the influences of the size, coordination number and disorder parameter of the small-world network on the spread of the epidemic are analyzed in detail. Finally, the influences of mutation cycle and infection rate on epidemic transmission in small-world network are investigated further. The results show that the structure of the small-world network and the virus mutation cycle have an important impact on the spread of the epidemic. For viruses that can be permanently immunized, virus mutation is equivalent to making the immune cycle of human beings from infinite to finite. The dynamical behavior of the modified SIR epidemic model changes from an irregular, low-amplitude evolution at small disorder parameter to a spontaneous state of wide amplitude oscillations at large disorder parameter. Moreover, similar transition can also be found in increasing mutation cycle parameter. The maximum valid variation mutation decreases with the increase of disorder parameter and coordination number, but increase with respect to system size. In addition above, as the infection rate increases, the fraction of the infected increases and then decreases. As the mutation cycle increases, the time-average fraction of the infected and the infection rate corresponding to the maximum time-average fraction of the infected also decrease. As one conclusion, the results could give a deep understanding Pandemic with mutation and permanent immune spreading, from viewpoint of small-world network.

Influence of long-term controlled therapeutic exercises on blood pressure profile parameters, elastic properties of arterial wall, metabolic and mineral indices in females with arterial hypertension

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia Objective To study the role of therapeutic exercises (TE) in the correction of blood pressure, stiffness of the vascular wall, metabolic indices of body structure (volume, mass, area of visceral fat) and bone mineral metabolism in postmenopausal hypertensive patients. Methods. The study included 138 patients (mean age was 58.32 ± 7.61 years). All patients are divided into 3 groups. The first control group is 20 women without arterial hypertension and menopausе. The second group consisted of 58 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and postmenopause who was not undergone complex of TE and the 3rd group - 60 women with AH and postmenopause who was undergone TE complex. Patients of all groups were examined in dynamics: at the starting point of the study and in 12 months after, ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure; sphygmography; densitometry and test for serum biochemistry parameters of blood samples, including sex hormones, vitamin D. Results. In the course of the study, blood pressure, vascular wall stiffness parameters, metabolic indices of body structure and disorder parameters of bone mineral metabolism were comparable in group 2 and 3 against the background of significantly reduced levels of sex hormones. Multidirectional correlation relationships between the studied parameters are revealed. The basic therapy in combination with therapeutic exercises led to a significant decrease in blood pressure and metabolic indices of body structure (p&amp;lt;.001) and to a persistent tendency of decrease the pulse wave velocity and increase of bone mineral metabolism in gr.3. Conclusion. The result of the study indicates that the exercise therapy complex used in the form of regular classes can be recommended for implementation in clinical practice with the aim of comprehensively affecting the patient’s body and developing personalized treatment tactics for postmenopausal women with hypertension.