Chemical Engineering Discipline Research Articles

Second International Conference on Chemical Engineering (ICCE) UNPAR

The International Conference on Chemical Engineering (ICCE) 2016 was held in Bandung, Indonesia from October 26-27, 2016. ICCE 2016 was organized by the Department of Chemical Engineering, Parahyangan Catholic University in cooperation with the University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia and Nano Center Indonesia This conference addressed the important role of innovation in chemical process and product design. The objective of this conference was to highlight trends and research focuses in various areas of chemical engineering disciplines, especially when related to the innovation in chemical engineering fundamental concepts and applications.The proceedings are a compilation of the accepted papers and represent important results of the conference. This book is divided into seven specific topics in the area of chemical engineering: Separation Process, New and Renewable Energy, Process System Engineering, Chemical Reaction Engineering, Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals, Supercritical Technology and Nanotechnology, Polymer and Membranes.We would like to acknowledge all people who were involved in ICCE 2016. Each individual and institution's support was very meaningful for the success of this conference. Especially, we would like to thank the organizing committee for their valuable advice in the organization and helpful peer review of the papers.We sincerely hope that ICCE 2016 would serve as an ideal meeting point for academia, industrial practitioners, and authorities from around the globe, where every participant can share and at the same time update their most recent ideas and discoveries.

A tribute to professor Roger Sargent: Intellectual leader of process systems engineering

This article and this issue of the AIChE Journal, is a tribute to Professor Roger Sargent who, as pioneer and intellectual leader of process systems engineering, has had a profound impact on the discipline of chemical engineering. Spanning more than five decades, his work has provided a strong mathematical foundation to process systems engineering through the development of sophisticated mathematical and computational tools for the simulation, design, control, operation and optimization of chemical processes. In this article we first give a brief overview of his career that included several leadership positions and the establishment of the Centre for Process Systems Engineering (CPSE) at Imperial College London. We next review his research contributions in the areas of process modeling, differential algebraic systems, process dynamics and control, nonlinear optimization and optimal control, design under uncertainty, and process scheduling. We highlight the tremendous impact that he has had through his students, students' students, and his entire academic family tree, which at present contains over 2000 names, probably one of the largest among the academic leaders of chemical engineering. Finally, we provide a brief overview of him as a modest and charming individual with a wonderful sense of humor. He is without doubt a true intellectual giant who has helped to expand the scope of chemical engineering by providing a strong systems component to it, and by establishing strong multidisciplinary links with other fields. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2951–2958, 2016

Computational chemical engineering – Towards thorough understanding and precise application

The paradigms of chemical engineering discipline are discussed. The first paradigm of Unit Operations and the second paradigm of Transport Phenomena are well recognized among the chemical engineers all over the world, and what the next paradigm is remains still an open question. Several proposals such as Chemical product engineering, Sustainable chemical engineering and Multi-scale methodology are considered as candidates for next paradigm. Might Computational Chemical Engineering be the next one, which is advancing the discipline of chemical engineering toward ultimate mechanism-based understanding of chemical processes? This possibility is comparatively expounded with other proposals, and the scope and depth of computational chemical engineering are shortly listed.

Exposure times rather than residence times control redox transformation efficiencies in riparian wetlands

Summary The concept of Damkohler numbers have been extensively used in the discipline of chemical engineering and lately increasingly found its application into environmental science in order to describe the integrated behavior of hydrological systems with respect to their physical transport and biogeochemical transformation capabilities. Defining characteristic time scales of transport and reaction, as part of the Damkohler concept, however is not trivial especially for non-well mixed systems like catchments where physically controlled transport and biogeochemical moderated reactions can be highly variable among individual flow paths. Often, system specific residence times alone are not useful to describe the timescales of transport in the Damkohler concept, because it neglects that degradation of redox-sensitive compounds depend on dynamically changing and non-uniformly distributed hydro-biogeochemical boundary conditions that either facilitate or suppress biogeochemical reactions. In this study an approach is presented that highlights the importance to specifically distinguish between residence and exposure times if system specific transformation efficiencies are evaluated. We investigate the inter-relationship between residence and exposure time distributions for different biogeochemical processes in a virtual wetland environment that is exposed to different hydrological conditions. The relationship between exposure and residence times is mathematically described by a composition matrix that linearly relates the two identities to each other. Composition matrices for different hydrological conditions are analyzed by using the singular value decomposition technique. Results show that especially the type of couplings between the surface and subsurface flow domain control how exposure and residence times are related to each other in the wetland system and that timescales of residence and exposure typically differ by orders of magnitude. Finally, results also indicate that the assessment of system specific transformation efficiencies can be very error-prone if residence instead of exposure times are being used to derive system specific Damkohler numbers.

International Conference on Engineering and Technology for Sustainable Development 2015

Welcome NoteOn behalf of the Organizing committee of International Conference on Engineering and Technology for Sustainable Development 2015 (ICET4SD 2015), we would like to express our gratitude and welcome all participants to the beautiful Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This conference had been held for the first time by the Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Islam Indonesia (FTI UII) with the collaboration from our strategic partners, reputable universities, such as RMUTT-OK Thailand and Hanyang University of Korea.The aim of this international conference is as an international academic forum for exchanging ideas, knowledge and expertise on various fields, for example industrial engineering and management system, informatics, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and other engineering disciplines. This international conference with the theme of “Sustainable Development” is a continuation of national seminar that had been held by 14 consecutive years.With the vision of UII to actualize UII as ‘rahmatan Hl'alamin', committed to perfection (excellence), ‘risalah islamiyah’, in the field of teaching, research, community development and Islamic mission, at the developed countries' university level, therefore, FTI UII believes in contributing through the international conference.Industrial development is improving fast due to the development of science, knowledge and technology. It is inevitable that from this industrial development would leads to the development of other economical sectors. In addition, controlling and developing science and technology would support sustainable development of industry.In this international conference, there are various full papers submitted from various regions/nations (Japan, Malaysia and Indonesia). However, only some papers are qualified for being presented in ICET4SD 2015 and published in the Open Access IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) which is indexed by SCOPUS/ISI web of science.Special gratitude for all the committee, reviewers, keynote speakers, and the Rector of Universitas Islam Indonesia as well as the Dean of Faculty of Industrial Technology for all the hard works, supports and encouragements. Hopefully this international conference will sustainably hosted and develop the society continuously.

A Chemical Engineering Perspective on the Origins of Life

Atoms and molecules assemble into materials, with the material structure determining the properties and ultimate function. Human-made materials and systems have achieved great complexity, such as the integrated circuit and the modern airplane. However, they still do not rival the adaptivity and robustness of biological systems. Understanding the reaction and assembly of molecules on the early Earth is a scientific grand challenge, and also can elucidate the design principles underlying biological materials and systems. This research requires understanding of chemical reactions, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat and mass transfer, optimization, and control. Thus, the discipline of chemical engineering can play a central role in advancing the field. In this paper, an overview of research in the origins field is given, with particular emphasis on the origin of biopolymers and the role of chemical engineering phenomena. A case study is presented to highlight the importance of the environment and its coupling to the chemistry.

The role of chemical engineering in medicinal research including Alzheimer's.

Various disciplines of chemical engineering, especially thermodynamics and kinetics, play an important role in medicinal research and this has been particularly recognized during the last 10-15 years (von Stockar and van der Wielen, J Biotechnol 59:25, 1997; Prausnitz, Fluid Phase Equilib 53:439, 1989; Prausnitz, Pure Appl Chem 79:1435, 2007; Dey and Prausnitz, Ind Eng Chem Res 50:3, 2011; Prausnitz, J Chem Thermodynamics 35:21, 2003; Tsivintzelis et al. AIChE J 55:756, 2009). It is expected that during the twenty-first century chemical engineering and especially thermodynamics can contribute as significantly to the life sciences development as it has been done with the oil and gas and chemical sectors in the twentieth century. Moreover, it has during the recent years recognized that thermodynamics can help in understanding diseases like human cataract, sickle-cell anemia, Creuzfeldt-Jacob ("mad cow" disease), and Alzheimer's which are connected to "protein aggregation." Several articles in the Perspectives section of prominent chemical engineering journals have addressed this issue (Hall, AIChE J 54:1956, 2008; Vekilov, AIChE J 54:2508, 2008). This work reviews recent applications of thermodynamics (and other areas of chemical engineering) first in drug development and then in the understanding of the mechanism of Alzheimer's and similar diseases.

探索介尺度科学: 从新角度审视老问题

This paper summarizes the background and research focus of Mechanism and manipulation of mesoscales in multi-phase reaction processes, a major research program under the National Natural Science Foundation of China and its impact on chemical engineering and mesoscience. It argues that the material or interface structure between molecule/atom and bulk material and the heterogeneous structure between particle (droplet or bubble) and unit operation apparatus are bottlenecks in realizing quantitative design, scale-up, optimization and control of chemical processes. These two mesoscale structures and their cross-level linkage are the core challenges of modern chemical engineering science, solution of which will significantly advance chemical engineering and related disciplines to transmit from experience to the state of quantification, thus contributing to the emerging development of interdisciplinary science—Mesoscience.

R. Byron Bird: The integration of transport phenomena into chemical engineering

This article, as is this issue of the AIChE Journal, is a tribute to R. Byron Bird, who has had a profound impact on the discipline of chemical engineering, playing a dominant role in the chemical engineering science paradigm shift that occurred around 1960. His textbook, Transport Phenomena, with Warren Stewart and Edwin Lightfoot, fundamentally changed the way chemical engineers are taught fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and mass transfer. By showing the interconnections among molecular, microscopic, and macroscopic treatments of these three transport processes, as well as the underlying similarities among the three transport processes, he has enabled chemical engineers to contribute to many new areas. In his research he has focused on polymeric fluids – their rheology and fluid mechanics – again spanning molecular to macroscopic problems. Bird is also known throughout the profession as a superb teacher and lecturer. He is gifted in languages and music, and he has a great love of the outdoors. In this article, I try to highlight some of Bird's history and accomplishments in these many areas. His influence is clear in the papers that follow. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1219–1224, 2014

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Metal‐Organic Frameworks: A Mini Review

AbstractReview: 124 refs.

Control: A perspective

Feedback is an ancient idea, but feedback control is a young field. Nature long ago discovered feedback since it is essential for homeostasis and life. It was the key for harnessing power in the industrial revolution and is today found everywhere around us. Its development as a field involved contributions from engineers, mathematicians, economists and physicists. It is the first systems discipline; it represented a paradigm shift because it cut across the traditional engineering disciplines of aeronautical, chemical, civil, electrical and mechanical engineering, as well as economics and operations research. The scope of control makes it the quintessential multidisciplinary field. Its complex story of evolution is fascinating, and a perspective on its growth is presented in this paper. The interplay of industry, applications, technology, theory and research is discussed.

Chiral‐at‐Metal Octahedral Iridium Catalyst for the Asymmetric Construction of an All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter

National Natural Science Foundation of P.R. China [21272192, 21201143]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team of P.R. China (PCSIRT); National Thousand Talents Program of P.R. China; 985 Program of the Chemistry and Chemical Engineering disciplines of Xiamen University

Sustainable Development in Chemical and Biological Engineering Education

Sustainable development and integrated bio-refineries are modern concepts in the chemical and biological engineering discipline for the economic development and sustainability of all countries. An integrated system approach based on system theory is used to investigate the systems and subsystems and their relation to education. Introduction of sustainable development into chemical and biological engineering education is suggested using two general approaches. Decentralized approach introducing them in a well-chosen good number of courses and centralized approach introducing specific courses on sustainable development and its subsystems as compulsory courses. This paper will discuss both approaches with special emphasis to possible application to a Malaysian and USA departments.

Synthesis of metal-organic frameworks: A mini review

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials of one-, two-, or three-dimensional networks constructed from metal ions/clusters and multidentate organic linkers via coordination bonding, which are emerging as an important group of materials for energy storage, CO2 adsorption, alkane/alkene separation, and catalysis. To introduce newcomers in chemical engineering discipline to the rapidly expanding MOF research works, this review presents a brief introduction to the currently available MOFs synthesis methods. Starting from the conventional solvothermal/hydrothermal synthesis, microwave-assisted, sonochemical, electrochemical, mechanochemical, ionothermal, drygel conversion, and microfluidic synthesis methods will be presented. Examples will be limited to those representative MOF structures that can be synthesized using common organic ligands of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (and its functionalized forms) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, in conjunction with metal nodes of Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Al3+, Fe3+ and Zr4+. Synthesis of widely-investigated zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) structure, ZIF-8 is also included.

Environmental Sustainability and the Chemical Engineering Profession

J Chem Proc Eng 2014 | Vol 1: e101 The discipline of chemical engineering has changed remarkably since its early days. Extensive process automation on the large scale and molecular scale understanding of chemical kinetics has led to process modifications and innovations in chemical process engineering. Chemical engineering has more recently embraced biomolecular engineering concepts to widen its scope. In all of this there is one underlying theme that has pervaded all of the developments in chemical engineering as a profession. That area is environmental sustainability. Whether it has to do with minimizing the overall footprints of chemical processes, conserving or modifying the feed stocks, or improving product selectivity the primary aim of all chemical engineers is to design processes with minimal environmental impacts. From feedstock selection to product manufacturing, recovery and waste recycling, chemical engineers are involved in every large scale operations in the chemical and petrochemical industrial processes. Chemical engineers bear the burden of making sure that their activities are environmentally acceptable even while improving the health and well being of all citizens.

AIChE and Its Role in the Early Shaping of Chemical Engineering

In the 20 years from the late 19th century to early 20th century, industry developed rapidly in Europe and the U.S. During this period new branches of engineering science came into being. In order to have deep understanding of engineering science, the author chooses American Institute of Chemical Engineers as her case study target. On the basis of important sources and literatures, the paper made a study on the history of the formulation of chemical engineering as a new discipline from the perspectives of historiography and sociology of science. The paper shows that in the rapid growth of the chemical industry in the U.S, chemical engineers has become a new profession, and chemical engineering as a discipline is gradually shaped by the interaction and intersection of chemistry and mechanical engineering. In 1888,Boston Institute of Technology (the predecessor of MIT) started to design chemical engineering courses and to train engineers needed in chemical industry. Chemical engineers paid more attention to the connection of their work with pure chemistry and mechanical engineering. They tried to find out their own professional and knowledge boundaries in industry. The chemical industry grew along with the formation of chemical engineer groups and institutionalization of chemical engineering education. In such a context, the American Institute of Chemical Engineers was established in 1908. The AIChE was a distinguished mark of the institutionalization of chemical engineering. It played an important role in the shaping and promoting of the new discipline: defining the professional identity of the chemical engineer; constructing a platform of academic communication; clarifying the boundary of chemical engineering and the relationship among chemical engineering, chemistry, mechanical engineering and other disciplines; reforming the education of chemical engineering at American universities, standardizing the curriculum of chemical engineering;promoting the connection among academic institutions, universities and enterprises.

Guidelines And Advice For Successful Publication Provided By Journal Editors

Journal publication is an important indicator of research productivity for individual researchers, as well as academic institutions. However, for novice faculty members, the publication process can appear equivocal and daunting. If the academic does not actively engage themselves early in this process, then her or his career becomes an uphill (and sometimes insurmountable) battle. To assist the young academic, this study, sponsored by the National Science Foundation ADVANCE program, surveys journal editors representing numerous engineering fields. A 19-question web survey was e-mailed to 121 journal editors representing numerous engineering fields. Utilizing the ISI journal citation reports service, journal editors spanning aerospace, chemical, civil, environmental, industrial, and mechanical engineering disciplines were selected for initial contact. Of the 121 editors contacted, 40 usable responses (or a response rate of 33%) were aggregated for this study. The survey responses were used to quantify publication timelines and acceptance rates and ascertain journal policies, advice for successful publishing, and gender differences.

Proteomics: technology development and applications

Technology development in, and the application of, proteomics are emerging areas among chemical engineers and others who presented at the 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) Annual Meeting. Overall, the centennial meeting offered a broad current perspective on the discipline of chemical engineering as it enters its second century. Biomedical and biochemical engineering continue to grow as important facets of the discipline. Within these, the value and applicability of proteomics were demonstrated in a number of interesting presentations. This year, as in the recent past, the AIChE Annual Meeting was held in conjunction with the American Electrophoresis Society Annual Meeting. American Electrophoresis Society presenters offered further academic and industrial viewpoints on the still-developing role of proteomics and proteomic technologies in biological and clinical analyses.

Process intensification and process systems engineering: A friendly symbiosis

An attempt is presented to define process intensification in relation to the other chemical engineering disciplines, in particular to process systems engineering. It is shown that process intensification is fully in development and, as a consequence, the essential characteristics are subject to debate. The innovative character of process intensification is in nice harmony with the objectives of process systems engineering: a symbiosis between them has high potential.

Integration of Biological Systems Content into the Process Dynamics and Control Curriculum

The evolution of the chemical engineering discipline motivates a reevaluation of the process dynamics and control curriculum. A key requirement of future courses is the introduction of theoretical concepts and application examples relevant to emerging areas such as complex biological systems. We outline the critical concepts required to integrate biological content within the traditional framework of process dynamics and control. Our initial experience with three courses is outlined to demonstrate alternative approaches to achieve this integration. The paper concludes with a discussion of open issues which require further attention from the process control and biological systems communities