Different Types Of Relationships Research Articles

Combined Effect of Levels in Personal Self-Regulation and Regulatory Teaching on Meta-Cognitive, on Meta-Motivational, and on Academic Achievement Variables in Undergraduate Students.

The Theory of Self- vs. Externally-Regulated Learning™ (SRL vs. ERL) proposed different types of relationships among levels of variables in Personal Self-Regulation (PSR) and Regulatory Teaching (RT) to predict the meta-cognitive, meta-motivational and -emotional variables of learning, and of Academic Achievement in Higher Education. The aim of this investigation was empirical in order to validate the model of the combined effect of low-medium-high levels in PSR and RT on the dependent variables. For the analysis of combinations, a selected sample of 544 undergraduate students from two Spanish universities was used. Data collection was obtained from validated instruments, in Spanish versions. Using an ex-post-facto design, different Univariate and Multivariate Analyses (3 × 1, 3 × 3, and 4 × 1) were conducted. Results provide evidence for a consistent effect of low-medium-high levels of PSR and of RT, thus giving significant partial confirmation of the proposed rational model. As predicted, (1) the levels of PSR and positively and significantly effected the levels of learning approaches, resilience, engagement, academic confidence, test anxiety, and procedural and attitudinal academic achievement; (2) the most favorable type of interaction was a high level of PSR with a high level RT process. The limitations and implications of these results in the design of effective teaching are analyzed, to improve university teaching-learning processes.

A Study on Relation of Corporate Image and Rapport-building Segmented by Types of Consumer-participating CSR Activities of Travel Agencies

It is becoming widely perceived that CSR activities can be investment for shared growth of the corporation and the society rather than simple expenses. The purpose of this study is to analyze impact relation of different types of consumer-participating CSR activities of travel agencies as a means of sustainable business management strategy, and to present a practical direction. The study has the following implications. First, this study is the research on rapport-building and corporate image of different types of consumer-participating CSR activities of travel agencies in the initial stage. Second, the study presents rapport as a new scale which can be utilized in the follow-up studies on social CSR activities of travel agencies. Third, by analyzing examples of consumer-participating CSR activities rather than the conventional corporate-driven CSR activities, and by presenting the difference of impact on rapport-building and corporate images in each case of sharing type and service type. Fourth, the study proved that service type CSR activities have greater impact relation on rapport-building and corporate images than sharing type CSR activities. Fifth, it is expected that the study may contribute to activation of consumer-participating CSR activities.

Link prediction in multi-relational networks based on relational similarity

Many real-world networks contain multiple types of interactions and relations. Link prediction in such multi-relational networks has become an important area in network analysis. For link prediction in multi-relational networks, we should consider the similarity and influence between different types of relations. In this paper, we propose a link prediction algorithm in multi-relational networks based on relational similarity. In the algorithm, a belief propagation method is presented to calculate the belief of each node and to construct the belief vector for each type of link. We use the similarity between belief vectors to measure the influence between different types of relations. Based on the influence between different relations, we present a nonnegative matrix factorization -based method for link prediction in multi-relational networks. The convergence and correctness of the presented method are proved. Our experimental results show that our method can achieve higher-quality prediction results than other similar algorithms.

Guest editors’ introduction to the special issue on knowledge maps and information retrieval (KMIR)

The aim of this experiment is to present an easy way to compare fragments of texts in order to detect (supposed) results of copy and paste operations between articles in the domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP), including Speech Processing. The search space of the comparisons is a corpus labeled as NLP4NLP, which includes 34 different conferences and journals and gathers a large part of the NLP activity over the past 50 years. This study considers the similarity between the papers of each individual event and the complete set of papers in the whole corpus, according to four different types of relationship (self-reuse, self-plagiarism, reuse and plagiarism) and in both directions: a paper borrowing a fragment of text from another paper of the corpus (that we will call the source paper), or in the reverse direction, fragments of text from the source paper being borrowed and inserted in another paper of the corpus. The results show that self-reuse is rather a common practice, but that plagiarism seems to be very unusual, and that both stay within legal and ethical limits.

Creating context for social influence processes in multiplex networks

AbstractThis paper elaborates on two theories of social influence processes to multiplex network structures. First, cohesion influence is based on mutual communication made by different types of relations, and second comparison influence that is built on contrasting types of tie. While a system of bundles with a mutual character constitutes the setting for a multiplex network exposure measure within cohesion, comparison influence is defined algebraically through classes of actors in terms of a weakly balanced semiring structure that considers positive, negative, and also ambivalent types of tie. A case study with these approaches is made on an entrepreneurial community network with formal business relations, informal friendship ties, and perceived competition among the firms, and the methods are validated with the Sampson Monastery data set.

The Role of Relationships in Initiating the Internationalisation Process in B2B Markets

Objective: The objective of this paper is to evaluate how companies use the relationship capital when initiating the internationalisation process and how the development of a business network affects this process. Research Design & Methods: The paper presents a comparative analysis of case studies of seven companies based in Poland and operating in foreign markets. This set of primary data and a comprehensive literature review served as a stimulus for the development of a typology of relationship capital mediating agents. Findings: The cornerstone of the article is the assumption that in order to accelerate internationalisation, entities trying to enter foreign markets have to “borrow” relationship capital from one or more of several mediating agents. The article identifies these agents and outlines the role of different types of relationships during the market entry phase. Implications & Recommendations: The article proposes a typology of relationship capital mediating agents such as: foreign and domestic intermediaries, individual insiders, own international and corporate network, own network expansion, and corporate or personal referrals. It also outlines the limited role of social relationships in concluding a successful market entry, placing them as one of the possible, but not necessary, options. Contribution & Value Added: The originality of this work lies in the application of the concept of the relationship assets/capital to the network approach in internationalisation as proposed by the Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Group (IMP) and the development of a typology of relationship capital mediating agents.

Motivation for naming eponimic terms: theoretical and practical aspects.

The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of the motivation for naming eponymic terms, e.g., terms named for a person, such as zakony Niutona, parkinsonizm (Newton’s laws, parkinsonism). Terminology recognizes many approaches to the motivation for term naming due to the different types of relations between the motivation of term and its inner form (semantic aspect), between the motivation of term and its systemic importance (the organization of systemic relations in terminological vocabulary), between the motivation of term and the communication process (functional aspect). Motivation for naming is defined as an integral characteristic of any term due to the fact that terminological system is secondary to the general language. Terminological motivation is interpreted as a structural semantic feature which helps to understand the interconnectedness of the other lexical units and their relation to a specific terminological field. Types of motivation are often identified as a means of categorizing eponymic language units in separate thematic groups. Considering the defining principle of terminological nomination – the regularity of word-formative models – we suggest to view the established tradition of using proper names in specific terms for nominating certain categories of notions as a special motivation type – eponym motivation: pravylo Lentsa [zakon Lentsa] (Lenz’s rule [Lenz’s law]) (physics) – law named after the physicist Heinrich Lenz who formulated it in 1834. Motivation for naming eponymic terms is defined, first of all, by the direct relation to the denoted object, its definition and place in terminological system which can be both explicit or hidden. Eponymic terms can be characterized by all 10 three motivation types: word-formative and morphological, syntactic, semantic. Hidden motivation can be discovered with the help of etymological analysis or studying extra-linguistic factors, e.g., syndrom Van-Hoha (Van Gogh syndrome) is named after the famous Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh. So, inner form is able to preserve diverse structure of knowledge about linguistic and extra-linguistic reality which is particularly important in terms of anthropocentrism – methodological principle which plays the key role in studying of motivation, i.e., fixation of the connection (which speaker is aware of) between form and content of the lexeme in relation to the phenomena of linguistic and extra-linguistic reality. Theoretical and practical problems of motivation for naming eponymic terms needs further terminological research, in particular, based on the principles of the anthropocentric paradigm.

COEVOLUTION OF DEVELOPMENT: ECONOMICS, FINANCE, INSTITUTES

Introduction. Modern conditions of the economic systems development are characterized by the growth of interdependencies at different aggregation levels and different types of relationships, their interconnection and increasing complexity of economic processes. These features predetermine the need of the complexity of research of causal relationships of economic systems development. Purpose. The article aims to justify the co-evolutionary dynamics of financial, institutional and economic development processes. Results. The study has identified the concept of co-evolution, financial, economic and institutional development. The interaction channels and propagation of corresponding dynamics impulses have been described. The causal relationships between different aspects of development processes have been revealed. The necessity of implementation of institutional reforms taking into account co-evolutionary connections of development processes has been substantiated.

Análisis del Gobierno Corporativo en las Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito del Ecuador

El artículo está dirigido a analizar la incidencia del gobierno corporativo en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito, debido a que la gestión administrativa presenta mayores dificultades por la participación democrática de los socios en la toma de decisiones. Se busca también determinar si la existencia de va- rios actores genera diferentes tipos de relaciones entre los stakeholders y si su comportamiento provoca conflictos de interés que motiven la utilización de las prácticas creativas para ocultar el cometimiento de un fraude. En este contexto, la presente investigación busca establecer si la utilización de lineamientos de buen gobierno corporativo en las cooperativas permite prevenir los conflictos de interés, eliminar las prácticas creativas y minimizar riesgos. Para tal fin se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, que consistió en la búsqueda, organización y análisis de varios artículos científicos y de revisión relacionados con el tema, con la finalidad de construir el marco teórico y conceptual. Luego se revisó en las páginas web de las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito del Ecuador que cooperativas publican información relacionada con el gobierno corporativo y la gestión de riesgos. Se seleccionaron tres cooperativas, dos en funcionamiento y una en proceso de liquidación, para posteriormente analizar el grado de cumplimiento de las prácticas de gobierno corporativo.

Condomless Sex Among Homeless Youth: The Role of Multidimensional Social Norms and Gender.

Most studies of condomless sex among homeless youth have focused on peer norms, while excluding other potentially pertinent influences. This study explored how different types of relationships contributed to norms about condomless sex and whether such norms were associated with engagement in condomless sex among homeless youth. Additionally, because recent work has noted gender differences in social networks of male and female homeless youth, gender differences in social network norms of condomless sex were also assessed. Egocentric network data were collected from homeless youth accessing services at two drop-in centers in Los Angeles, CA (N=976). Multivariate analyses (non-stratified and stratified by gender) assessed associations between descriptive, injunctive, and communicative norms and participants' engagement in condomless sex. Multivariate analyses indicated that perception of peer condom use and communication with sexual partners were significantly associated with not engaging in condomless sex. These relationships, however, varied by gender. Implications for interventions are discussed.

Reconceptualizing the notion of relations underlying performance measurement models

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reconceptualize the notion of relations underlying performance measurement models (PMMs) and explicate the ample exciting research opportunities that this reconceptualized viewpoint offers. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper, which primarily builds on and extends the contemporary research that challenges the traditional viewpoint that cause-and-effect relations are a necessary element of every PMM. Findings The reconceptualized viewpoint suggests that a PMM can be built on any combination of cause-and-effect, finality and logical relations, as opposed to only cause-and-effect relations. This paper presents several exciting research opportunities that the reconceptualized perspective offers. Originality/value The different types of relations underlying PMMs and their appropriate validation techniques are a relatively novel concept and also, a complex phenomenon which has received very limited attention in the accounting literature. This paper extends this nascent literature by outlining the research implications of this novel concept.

‘Collaboration’ in Contemporary Music: A Theoretical View

Contemporary composers frequently find themselves working with other artists in composing. The paper presents a framework which aims to provide a better understanding of the working relationships found in such situations, and the factors which affect the type of working relationships which develop. A distinction is drawn between dialogic creative activity—the universal situation of creating in a context—and creating with others actually present. Four different types of relationship which develop when working directly with others are defined. This typology can help in the better understanding of the relationships which composers establish and can act as a stimulus to the review and further development of compositional practice. The relationship between the language of an art form and the language used for communication between creative partners is identified as a key factor in affecting the type of working relationships which develop between artists.

The complex relationship between government and NGOs in international development cooperation: South Korea as an emerging donor country

The South Korean government has sought an active partnership with domestic NGOs in pursuing international development cooperation. Their partnership can be categorized in two ways. One, the more common type, is that NGOs work with government offices by participating in established programs. In the second type of partnership, NGOs take a more independent position when important policy agendas are determined and often push the government to move in certain directions. Vibrant Korean NGOs usually align with more liberal rules and norms of foreign aid governance and advocate for these to their own government. The relationship between the government and NGOs in the area of development cooperation is essentially a partnership, as technical expertise and overseas aid allocation move their interaction away from divisive domestic politics. We named this partnership a “complex relationship” in which both functional and critical interactions occur. Three different types of relations – supplementary, complementary, and sometimes adversarial – co-exist across four interactive areas: volunteering services, development project implementation, development education, and policy advocacy.

Information fusion-based approach for studying influence on Twitter using belief theory.

Influence in Twitter has become recently a hot research topic, since this micro-blogging service is widely used to share and disseminate information. Some users are more able than others to influence and persuade peers. Thus, studying most influential users leads to reach a large-scale information diffusion area, something very useful in marketing or political campaigns. In this study, we propose a new approach for multi-level influence assessment on multi-relational networks, such as Twitter. We define a social graph to model the relationships between users as a multiplex graph where users are represented by nodes, and links model the different relations between them (e.g., retweets, mentions, and replies). We explore how relations between nodes in this graph could reveal about the influence degree and propose a generic computational model to assess influence degree of a certain node. This is based on the conjunctive combination rule from the belief functions theory to combine different types of relations. We experiment the proposed method on a large amount of data gathered from Twitter during the European Elections 2014 and deduce top influential candidates. The results show that our model is flexible enough to to consider multiple interactions combination according to social scientists needs or requirements and that the numerical results of the belief theory are accurate. We also evaluate the approach over the CLEF RepLab 2014 data set and show that our approach leads to quite interesting results.

Studying the outskirts of reverberation mapped AGNs

AbstractAbout 100 AGNs have their black hole mass measured directly using the reverberation mapping technique over the past few decades. By now we have high enough numbers to explore unique subsamples within these objects and to study phenomena across variety of AGNs. I will review recent reverberation mapping studies which focus on high-redshift high-luminosity AGNs and on AGNs with super-Eddington accreting massive black holes. These studies enable to investigate the BLR size, mass, and luminosity relations in different subsamples of AGNs and to check whether there are differences in these relations in different types of AGNs. In particular I will discuss the following questions: Is the BLR size - luminosity relation the same over the whole AGNs luminosity range? Are there different relations for different types of AGNs? What are these studies teaching us about theory of accretion into black holes in AGNs?

GERAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIA EM UNIVERSIDADES/INSTITUTOS DE PESQUISA E A IMPORTÂNCIA DA INTERAÇÃO COM EMPRESAS: CONSTATAÇÕES ATRAVÉS DA BASE DE DADOS DOS GRUPOS DE PESQUISA DO CNPQ

O presente trabalho apresenta uma análise da relação entre a geração de tecnologia em universidades/institutos de pesquisa e a interação destas com empresas através da base de dados do diretório de grupos de pesquisa do CNPQ. Utilizando um modelo de dados em painel com informações dos cinco censos disponibilizados na base, é possível destacar, entre outros resultados, a relação positiva e altamente significante entre a geração de tecnologia e a interação entre os agentes, e as diferentes magnitudes e direção de influência para diferentes tipos de relacionamento, além da correlação positiva entre a geração de tecnologia e as publicações e escala dos grupos de pesquisa.

Product Aspect Clustering by Incorporating Background Knowledge for Opinion Mining.

Product aspect recognition is a key task in fine-grained opinion mining. Current methods primarily focus on the extraction of aspects from the product reviews. However, it is also important to cluster synonymous extracted aspects into the same category. In this paper, we focus on the problem of product aspect clustering. The primary challenge is to properly cluster and generalize aspects that have similar meanings but different representations. To address this problem, we learn two types of background knowledge for each extracted aspect based on two types of effective aspect relations: relevant aspect relations and irrelevant aspect relations, which describe two different types of relationships between two aspects. Based on these two types of relationships, we can assign many relevant and irrelevant aspects into two different sets as the background knowledge to describe each product aspect. To obtain abundant background knowledge for each product aspect, we can enrich the available information with background knowledge from the Web. Then, we design a hierarchical clustering algorithm to cluster these aspects into different groups, in which aspect similarity is computed using the relevant and irrelevant aspect sets for each product aspect. Experimental results obtained in both camera and mobile phone domains demonstrate that the proposed product aspect clustering method based on two types of background knowledge performs better than the baseline approach without the use of background knowledge. Moreover, the experimental results also indicate that expanding the available background knowledge using the Web is feasible.

Familial aggregation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aggregates in families. To date, the strength, pattern, and characteristics of the familial aggregation have not been thoroughly assessed in a population-based family sample. In this cohort study, we identified relative pairs of twins, full and half-siblings, and full and half cousins from 1,656,943 unique individuals born in Sweden between 1985 and 2006. The relatives of index persons were followed from their third birthday to 31 December 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Birth year adjusted hazard ratio (HR), that is, the rate of ADHD in relatives of ADHD-affected index persons compared with the rate of ADHD in relatives of unaffected index persons, was estimated in the different types of relatives using Cox proportional hazards model. During the follow-up, 31,865 individuals were diagnosed with ADHD (male to female ratio was 3.7). The birth year adjusted HRs were as follows: 70.45 for monozygotic twins; 8.44 for dizygotic twins; 8.27 for full siblings; 2.86 for maternal half-siblings; 2.31 for paternal half-siblings; 2.24 for full cousins; 1.47 for half cousins. Maternal half-siblings had significantly higher HR than in paternal half-siblings. The HR did not seem to be affected by index person's sex. Full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis present at age 18 or older had a higher rate of ADHD (HR: 11.49) than full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis only before age 18 (HR: 4.68). Familial aggregation of ADHD increases with increasing genetic relatedness. The familial aggregation is driven by not only genetic factors but also a small amount of shared environmental factors. Persistence of ADHD into adulthood indexes stronger familial aggregation of ADHD.

The physics of spreading processes in multilayer networks

The study of networks plays a crucial role in investigating the structure, dynamics, and function of a wide variety of complex systems in myriad disciplines. Despite the success of traditional network analysis, standard networks provide a limited representation of complex systems, which often include different types of relationships (i.e., "multiplexity") among their constituent components and/or multiple interacting subsystems. Such structural complexity has a significant effect on both dynamics and function. Throwing away or aggregating available structural information can generate misleading results and be a major obstacle towards attempts to understand complex systems. The recent "multilayer" approach for modeling networked systems explicitly allows the incorporation of multiplexity and other features of realistic systems. On one hand, it allows one to couple different structural relationships by encoding them in a convenient mathematical object. On the other hand, it also allows one to couple different dynamical processes on top of such interconnected structures. The resulting framework plays a crucial role in helping achieve a thorough, accurate understanding of complex systems. The study of multilayer networks has also revealed new physical phenomena that remain hidden when using ordinary graphs, the traditional network representation. Here we survey progress towards attaining a deeper understanding of spreading processes on multilayer networks, and we highlight some of the physical phenomena related to spreading processes that emerge from multilayer structure.

A Sexuality and Relationship Training Program for Women with Intellectual Disabilities: A Social Story Approach

A multi-method study design involving three different phases was used to develop four social stories that could be used as part of a sexuality and relationship training program for women with intellectual disabilities. Phase 1 entailed a systematic review of the literature and results indicate that social stories provide a suitable methodology for teaching socially desirable responses related to sexuality and relationships. Phase 2 entailed a focus group with women with intellectual disabilities and results showed that they wanted more information about different types of relationships, including romantic relationships. They also wanted to understand what types of behavior (e.g. different types of greetings) were appropriate for the different types of relationships. Next, four social stories were written based on the results of these two phases. Finally, these four social stories were implemented in Phase 3 with ten caregivers of women with intellectual disabilities in order to evaluate the appropriateness of the stories. Results showed that three of the four social stories were appropriate, and that one required re-writing as it was not appropriate for the specific context, as women at that facility did not have the opportunity to go on dates. A suggestion was made that the story be re-written to reflect romantic relationships as opposed to dating.