Different Sources Of Information Research Articles

Schizotypy and the vicarious experience of agency.

Sense of agency is the experience of initiating and controlling an action in order to influence one’s environment. It is widely accepted that various different sources of information contribute to sense of agency, including sensorimotor signals and external situational information. Moreover, it has been suggested that atypical experiences in sense of agency in schizophrenia are linked to changes in the relative influence of these agency cues, with external cues being more dominant. This study tests this hypothesis in a non-clinical population by investigating the relationship between schizotypy and performance on the vicarious agency task (a classic demonstration of the effect of external cues on sense of agency). We found that increased susceptibility to the vicarious agency illusion (i.e. an increased feeling of controlling someone else’s action) was linked to higher schizotypy scores. This supports the idea that aberrant experiences of agency in schizophrenia are linked to an increased sensitivity to external agency cues.

Quality of Information for Skin Cancer Prevention: A Quantitative Evaluation of Internet Offerings.

(1) Background: Different sources of information are used by the population regarding skin cancer prevention. The pertinent quality of information that can be retrieved via an internet search engine needs assessment; (2) Methods: Four topical searches in common language were entered into Google™. The first 200 “hits” were stored for further use. Eligible websites were evaluated using content-based criteria based on the current German medical guideline “Skin cancer prevention” and employing generic (DISCERN, HONcode) quality criteria. (3) Results: Overlap between the four search results was between 0 and 7 of 200. The completeness of relevant content was scored with a median of 10 points (first quartile (Q1):6; Q3:14) and thus, it was much lower than the theoretical maximum of 43 points. Global quality, with a maximum of 10 points, was 3 in median (Q1:2; Q3:4). Quality and completeness, respectively, were somewhat higher in the higher ranks of search results. The generic quality was moderate. (4) Conclusions: A direct comparison with other sources of information (print, audio-visual, presentation, or personal counselling) is not possible, but important deficits concerning the quality and scope of relevant information on the internet are demonstrated.

E-Tool: Online Emotion Mining Tool

Emotion recognition is the process of identifying human emotion. People vary widely in their accuracy at recognizing the emotions of others. Use of technology to help people with emotion recognition is a relatively blossoming research area. Many different sources of information, such as speech, text and visual can be used to analyze emotions. Nowadays, writings may take many forms like social media posts, blogs, news pieces, research papers etc., and the content of these writings can be useful resource for text mining to discover and reveal various aspects, including emotions. Extracting emotions behind these writings is a very complicated task. To tackle this problem, researchers from assorted fields are trying to find an efficient way to more accurately detect human emotions from various sources, including text and speech. In this sense, different word-based and sentence-based techniques, machine learning, natural language processing methods, etc., have been used to achieve better accuracy. Analyzing emotions can be helpful in many different domains. One such domain is detecting emotions from the research papers written by different writers. The emotion recognition online tool, help users understand the emotional state of the writer and make a better choice in choosing his/her domain. This study covers, detecting of different emotions from the titles of research papers found at Google scholar using online emotion recognition tool.

Synthesizing external aggregated information in the presence of population heterogeneity: A penalized empirical likelihood approach.

With the increasing availability of data in the public domain, there has been a growing interest in exploiting information from external sources to improve the analysis of smaller scale studies. An emerging challenge in the era of big data is that the subject-level data are high dimensional, but the external information is at an aggregate level and of a lower dimension. Moreover, heterogeneity and uncertainty in the auxiliary information are often not accounted for in information synthesis. In this paper, we propose a unified framework to summarize various forms of aggregated information via estimating equations and develop a penalized empirical likelihood approach to incorporate such information in logistic regression. When the homogeneity assumption is violated, we extend the method to account for population heterogeneity among different sources of information. When the uncertainty in the external information is not negligible, we propose a variance estimator adjusting for the uncertainty. The proposed estimators are asymptotically more efficient than the conventional penalized maximum likelihood estimator and enjoy the oracle property even with a diverging number of predictors. Simulation studies show that the proposed approaches yield higher accuracy in variable selection compared with competitors. We illustrate the proposed methodologies with a pediatric kidney transplantstudy.

Development of a Collaborative Program for Information Skills Teaching at Liceo "Conaro" in Padua

The “Alvise Cornaro” High School in Padua has been implementing for the last ten years a method for teaching information skills, that has been developed to enhance students’ long life learning strategies as a research process. The method follows a student-centered model, and is focused on the information searching process and the active use of school library, in order to develop key competencies for active citizenship within compulsory education. The activity is included in the normal school curriculum and aims to provide every student with information skills strategies, including identifying, accessing, selecting, and evaluating relevant information in different sources and media.

Graph-Based Non-Linear Least Squares Optimization for Visual Place Recognition in Changing Environments

Visual place recognition is an important subproblem of mobile robot localization. Since it is a special case of image retrieval, the basic source of information is the pairwise similarity of image descriptors. However, the embedding of the image retrieval problem in this robotic task provides additional structure that can be exploited, e.g., spatio-temporal consistency. Several algorithms exist to exploit this structure, e.g., sequence processing approaches or descriptor standardization approaches for changing environments. In this letter, we propose a graph-based framework to systematically exploit different types of additional structure and information. The graphical model is used to formulate a non-linear least squares problem that can be optimized with standard tools. Beyond sequences and standardization, we propose the usage of intra-set similarities within the database and/or the query image set as additional source of information. If available, our approach also allows to seamlessly integrate additional knowledge about poses of database images. We evaluate the system on a variety of standard place recognition datasets and demonstrate performance improvements for a large number of different configurations including different sources of information, different types of constraints, and online or offline place recognition setups.

Exosome-Derived Mediators as Potential Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Network Approach.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are widely recognized as the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the advances in clinical management over the past decades, the underlying pathological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Exosomes have drawn the attention of researchers for their relevance in intercellular communication under both physiological and pathological conditions. These vesicles are suggested as complementary prospective biomarkers of CVDs; however, the role of exosomes in CVDs is still not fully elucidated. Here, we performed a literature search on exosomal biogenesis, characteristics, and functions, as well as the different available exosomal isolation techniques. Moreover, aiming to give new insights into the interaction between exosomes and CVDs, network analysis on the role of exosome-derived mediators in coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF) was also performed to incorporate the different sources of information. The upregulated exosomal miRNAs miR-133a, miR-208a, miR-1, miR-499-5p, and miR-30a were described for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, while the exosome-derived miR-192, miR-194, miR-146a, and miR-92b-5p were considered as potential biomarkers for HF development. In CAD patients, upregulated exosomal proteins, including fibrinogen beta/gamma chain, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain, and alpha-1 antichymotrypsin, were assessed as putative protein biomarkers. From downregulated proteins in CAD patients, albumin, clusterin, and vitamin D-binding protein were considered relevant to assess prognosis. The Vesiclepedia database included miR-133a of exosomal origin upregulated in patients with CAD and the exosomal miR-192, miR-194, and miR-146a upregulated in patients with HF. Additionally, Vesiclepedia included 5 upregulated and 13 downregulated exosomal proteins in patients in CAD. The non-included miRNAs and proteins have not yet been identified in exosomes and can be proposed for further research. This report highlights the need for further studies focusing on the identification and validation of miRNAs and proteins of exosomal origin as biomarkers of CAD and HF, which will enable, using exosomal biomarkers, the guiding of diagnosis/prognosis in CVDs.

Revisión de literatura: un acercamiento al aprendizaje autónomo de las lenguas extranjeras e interculturalidad a través del ABP

El trabajo que se presenta forma parte de una investigación sobre el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras en el nivel superior en dónde se destaca particularmente el proceso del desarrollo autónomo referente al aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras tomando en cuenta el factor lingüístico e interculturalidad apoyado de la estrategia del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP). El objetivo fundamental de esta revisión es establecer de qué manera y con qué finalidad se han abordado las temáticas, tomando en cuenta sus objetivos, metodologías y resultados. A partir de ello, contrastar y dar cuenta de lo que se ha hecho y las posibilidades de indagación para acrecentar el acervo científico. La metodología empleada para esto es una revisión sistemática y analítica de distinta fuentes de información (artículos, tesis, conferencias) halladas en bases de datos, repositorios y revistas indexadas con el objetivo de sintetizarlas en un ejercicio de articulación. En la parte final se discuten los alcances de las investigaciones a partir de sus resultados y aportaciones y se plantean algunas consideraciones para su implementación.

A Digital Circular Economy for SDG 11 and SDG 12

Due to the population growth, cities and metropolitan areas contribute about 60% of global GDP, but they generate about 70% of global carbon emissions and account for over 60 % of resource use and increasing urban energy consumption and pollution. Worldwide consumption and production also increase the use of the natural environment and resources in a way that continues to have destructive impacts on the planet. This article is to study the Sustainable Development Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities and Goal 12: Sustainable Consumption and Production, to study the role of digital technology and digital transformation in Circular Economy, and to investigate how digital based applications can contribute to sustainable cities and communities. Documentary study and literature review were used for data collection. Moving towards circular economy is a challenge due to the lack of connections and accurate information sharing, complication in developing circular business, product, and process models as well as inability to access information and education among consumers. The result shows that digital technologies including big data, analytics, IoT, AI, blockchain, etc. can play a vital role in connecting different sources of information, processing data, providing more access to information, and easing out the complication in designing, production, and service. It can also be used as a tool in managing congestion, risks, and environmental impacts in cities and communities.

Los Derechos de las Mujeres en la Política Mexicana de la Segunda Mitad del Siglo XX

Durante las últimas décadas han surgido diversas agrupaciones y movimientos encargados de defender los derechos de la mujer, los cuales desde mediados del siglo xix han estado en constante lucha, buscando la eliminación de los efectos del “patriarcado”, así como la igualdad de género, en cuanto prerrogativas se refiere. En el caso específico de México, la lucha por los derechos de las mujeres comenzó desde inicios de siglo pasado; sin embargo, pareciera ser que los principales resultados políticos y normativos de esa constante lucha, comenzarán a verse reflejados durante la década de los 50´s, periodo del tiempo en el cual por primera vez fuera reconocido el derecho al voto en la mujer. La presente investigación tiene por objetivo principal recopilar y analizar información acerca de cuáles han sido los principales derechos políticos adquiridos por las mujeres, como resultado de la lucha feminista entre los años de 1950 y 1990, dentro del territorio mexicano. Para llevar a cabo lo anterior se realizó una investigación de tipo documental, por medio del estudio de diferentes fuentes de información —primarias y secundarias— relacionadas con el tema, para su posterior organización cronológica. En el presente trabajo se analizan y describen algunos acontecimientos, de la historia de México en el siglo xx, tales como: el reconocimiento del derecho al sufragio en la mujer; el establecimiento de la igualdad de género a nivel constitucional; la formación de la coalición de las mujeres en 1976; el surgimiento de la ONG´s que se encargan de velar por los derechos de las mujeres; y la creación de organismos gubernamentales tales como la Secretaria de la Mujer en algunas entidades federativas.

Study of knowledge, perception, and practice of patients regarding fasting requirements for blood glucose testing

Background: Patient preparation is one of the least standardized parts of the preanalytic phase oftesting. Fasting blood glucose requires fasting for 8-12 hours as per various guidelines and also hasseveral other requirements. Lack of communication, understanding, or compliance regarding hours-of-fasting, water-intake, avoidance of caloric snack/beverage, the sudden change in smoking,exercise, alcohol, medication, etc. introduces preanalytic errors. Method: To evaluate awareness,understanding, and compliance with fasting requirements, a face-to-face survey was done onoutpatients in a Government Hospital in Pali, Rajasthan, India. Relatively more educated internetusers were surveyed as controls through an online SurveyMonkey tool. Results: 98 patients and187 controls participated in the study. Perception about fasting requirements ranged from 0-17hours. 71% of patients and 35% of controls perceived that nobody explained to them the durationor nature of fasting. The different sources of information had been used in different proportions bypatients and controls. For imparting understanding and compliance about duration, and otherrequirements of fasting, the instruction was usually incomplete but still much more effective (p-value=0.000002) than formal education level (p-value=0.024). Conclusion: 71% of patients and35% of controls did not receive instructions for fasting. 40% of those instructed showed bettercompliance, but awareness was incomplete. The instruction was more effective than formaleducation in improving awareness and compliance. Improved awareness was strongly associatedwith receiving instruction and weakly associated with formal education but financial status showedonly a weak negative association.

Films and Destinations—Towards a Film Destination: A Review

The destination image is a complex construction in which the different sources of information consulted are decisive. Among these information sources, we can find films, which have a relevant function to create destination images. Films are one of the factors that most influences people in their motivation to travel to a destination. The academic literature on film tourism has grown considerably in recent years, but an updated revision is needed. Due to this fact, the main contribution of this paper is the proposal of an updated review of the academic literature focused on film tourism and destinations and their management implications. The general objective of this research is to analyse the existing literature, systematising the relationships that exist between films, film tourism, destination image, and tourist destination. To this end, a systematic review of the literature has been carried out, with two aims: on the one hand, a review of the existing literature from a descriptive perspective, showing the main publications, authors and topics, and on the other hand, a review from a thematic perspective. The results of the latter will be addressed in the discussion and conclusions. The results of the descriptive analysis highlight the significant growth in the literature analysed over the last 45 years, especially between 2005 and 2015. They also underline that the most studied topics are film destinations, marketing and destination image. The results of the thematic analysis highlight the importance of films and series as important information sources on the creation of destination images. The thematic analysis also provides information on the negative and positive aspects of film destination management.

Природа и мозг человека: парадигмы обмена информацией

The new modern world has entered a complex society. Nature its new material world of the Universe and its natural habitat, become more variable, over shorter periods of time. The system of nature–society–human is a holistic, dynamic, wave, open, steadily non-equilibrium system, with the isolation not only of internal ties, but also of external ones - with the space environment. Modern science views man, humanity and the biosphere as a single system, with growing demographic, food and medical problems. Human brains are biological, biophysical, neurophysiological and medico-social paradigms of information exchange. Modern communications are multilevel, multi-paradigm and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. The new competencies of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology play a strategic role in interdisciplinary science and interdisciplinary planning and decision-making. The introduction of multi-vector neurotechnologies of artificial intelligence and the principles of digital health care will contribute to the development of modern neuroscience and neuromarketing. The introduction of biocomputer nanoplatforms and modules consisting of small molecules, polymers, nucleic acids or proteins/peptides, nanoplatforms are programmed to detect and process external stimuli, such as magnetic fields or light, or internal stimuli, such as nucleic acids, enzymes or pH, using three different mechanisms: system assembly, system disassembly or system transformation. Current biocomputer nanoplatforms are invaluable for many applications, including medical diagnostics, biomedical imaging, environmental monitoring, and delivery of therapeutic drugs to target cell populations. Integration of different sources of information will allow researchers to obtain a new holistic picture of the pathophysiological process of the disease, which will cover from molecular changes to cognitive manifestations. Cognitive memory is a continuous act of creation, one of the largest and most capacious concepts that represents the main function of memory in general. The knowledge that a person receives during training is first perceived as something external, but then gradually they turn into experience and beliefs. Cognitive memory retains all the knowledge gained, representing a kind of “library”, and the process of assimilation and preservation becomes more complicated as the information received becomes more complex.

Resolving sets and integer programs for recommender systems

Recommender systems make use of different sources of information for providing users with recommendations of items. Such systems are often based on either collaborative filtering methods which make automatic predictions about the interests of a user, using preferences of similar users, or content based filtering that matches the user’s personal preferences with item characteristics. We adopt the content-based approach and propose to use the concept of resolving set that allows to determine the preferences of the users with a very limited number of ratings. We also show how to make recommendations when user ratings are imprecise or inconsistent, and we indicate how to take into account situations where users possibly don’t care about the attribute values of some items. All recommendations are obtained in a few seconds by solving integer programs.

Estimating hidden populations by transferring knowledge from geographically misaligned levels

The estimation of hidden sub-populations is a hard task that appears in many fields. For example, public health planning in Brazil depends crucially of the number of people who holds a private health insurance plan and hence rarely uses the public services. Different sources of information about these sub-populations may be available at different geographical levels. The available information can be transferred between these different geographic levels to improve the estimation of the hidden population size. In this study, we propose a model that use individual level information to learn about the dependence between the response variable and explanatory variables by proposing a family of link functions with asymptotes that are flexible enough to represent the real aspects of the data and robust to departures from the model. We use the fitted model to estimate the size of the sub-population at any desired level. We illustrate our methodology estimating the sub-population that uses the public health system in each neighborhood of large cities in Brazil.

Методологические основы применения герменевтического подхода в преподавании гуманитарных дисциплин. Часть 1. Основные принципы герменевтики

The article raises the problem of the compliance of the education system with the requirements of the new time, since this system continues to rely on the knowledge paradigm, ignoring the fact that in an oversaturated information environment, knowledge quickly depreciates and becomes irrelevant. The author comes to the conclusion that a person will quickly adapt to new realities if the education system does not focus on obtaining readymade knowledge, but on developing the ability to independently acquire the necessary knowledge, critically assess it and generate, on this basis, new ideas for effectively solving life problems. To reach the goal a hermeneutic approach should be used in the process of studying the humanities. In the research, the author reveals the educational potential of hermeneutics, the essence of which is to activate the cognitive process, develop the skills of productive work with different sources of information. In the article, the author describes the basic principles of working with text, which allow a deeper assimilation of the material, which opens up prospects for further research — to develop and test an understanding technique that can be used to study verbal texts.

The superior parietal lobule of primates: a sensory-motor hub for interaction with the environment

The superior parietal lobule of the macaque monkey occupies the postero-medial part of the parietal lobe and plays a crucial role in the integration of different sources of information (from visual, motor and somatosensory brain regions) for the purpose of high-level cognitive functions, as perception for action. This region encompasses the intraparietal sulcus and the parieto-occipital sulcus and includes also the precuneate cortex in the mesial surface of the hemisphere. It hosts several areas extensively studied in the macaque: PE, PEip, PEci anteriorly and PEc, MIP, PGm and V6A posteriorly. Recently studies based on functional MRI have suggested putative human homologue of some of the areas of the macaque superior parietal lobule. Here we review the anatomical subdivision, the cortico-cortical and thalamo-cortical connections of the macaque superior parietal lobule compared with their functional properties and the homology with human organization in physiological and lesioned situations. The knowledge of this part of the macaque brain could help in understanding pathological conditions that in humans affect the normal behaviour of arm-reaching actions and can inspire brain computer interfaces performing in more accurate ways the sensorimotor transformations needed to interact with the surrounding environment.

Risk management and surveillance systems: A Model proposed for the provincial public hospital (CHP)

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the provincial hospitals (CHP) of Morocco have demonstrated a remarkable capacity for reactivity. They were able to reorganize themselves to ensure the response to the pandemic and maintain basic functions. However, this reactivity alone does not prove their resilience in the face of new infections and possible disasters. The CHP must plan its responsiveness well in advance by building an intra-hospital health vigilance system that meets basic provincial requirements and that communicates with its internal and external environments. A qualitative analysis, using the focus group method, on Ifrane hospital risk management system revealed that, the systems for notification and declaration of adverse events are set up under the responsibility of multiple actors and using multiple notification forms. The processes and procedures are not clear with an overlap between the activities of quality assurance, risk management and complaints treatment system. A lot of information does not arrive at its destination on time, which impacts decision-making. This work proposes a hospital risk management model with two systems, one for safety of care and the other for risk management, taking into account the missions of the CHP and the different sources of information.

Transition to a Competitive Consultant Selection Method: A Case Study of a Public Agency in Israel

Aim/Purpose: This paper reports a case study of organizational transition from a non-competitive selection method to a novel bidding method for the selection of consultants in the Architectural and Engineering (A/E) industry. Background: Public procurement agencies are increasingly relying on external consultants for the design of construction projects. Consultant selection can be based on either competitive bidding, or quality-based criteria, or some combination between these two approaches. Methodology: Different sources of information were reviewed: internal documents, and quantitative data from the enterprise software platform (ERP). In addition, informal and unstructured interviews were conducted with relevant officials. Contribution: As there are mixed opinions in the scientific literature regarding the use of competitive bidding for the selection of consultants in the A/E industry, this paper contributes a detailed review of a transition to a competitive selection method and provides a financial and qualitative comparison between the two methods. In addition, the method implemented is novel, as it delegates most of the responsibility of hiring and managing consultants to one main contractor. Findings: While the new selection method was intended to reduce bureaucratic overload, it has unexpectedly also succeeded to reduce costs as well. Recommendations for Practitioners: It may be more efficient and profitable to adopt the selection method described in this study. Recommendation for Researchers: Similar methods can be applied to other industries successfully. Impact on Society: Our method was applied in a public organization and resulted in a better outcome, both financial and managerial. Adopting this approach can benefit public budgets. Future Research: The selection, data storage, and analysis methods are interrelated components. Future analysis of these components can help better shape the consultant selection process.

Identifying the Topology of Undirected Networks From Diffused Non-Stationary Graph Signals

We address the problem of inferring an undirected graph from nodal observations, which are modeled as non-stationary graph signals generated by local diffusion dynamics that depend on the structure of the unknown network. Using the so-called graph-shift operator (GSO), which is a matrix representation of the graph, we first identify the eigenvectors of the shift matrix from observations of the diffused signals, and then estimate the eigenvalues by imposing desirable properties on the graph to be recovered. Different from the stationary setting where the eigenvectors can be obtained directly from the covariance matrix of the measurements, here we need to estimate first the unknown diffusion (graph) filter - a polynomial in the GSO that preserves the sought eigenbasis. To carry out this initial system identification step, we exploit different sources of information on the arbitrarily-correlated input signal driving the diffusion on the graph. We first explore the setting where the observations, the input information, and the unknown graph filter are linearly related. We then address the case where the relation is given by a system of matrix quadratic equations, which arises in pragmatic scenarios where only the second-order statistics of the inputs are available. While such a quadratic filter identification problem boils down to a non-convex fourth-order polynomial minimization, we discuss identifiability conditions, propose algorithms to approximate the solution, and analyze their performance. Numerical tests illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed topology inference algorithms in recovering brain, social, financial, and urban transportation networks using synthetic and real-world signals.