Different Regions Of Turkey Research Articles

Description of Typhloseiulus anatolicus sp. nov. and redescription of two new records of Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Turkey

Surveys were carried out to determine Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) species in oak plantations (Quercus spp., Fagaceae) in different regions of Turkey. As a result, Typhloseiulus anatolicus sp. nov. Döker is described and illustrated based on female and male specimens. The new species is placed in the simplex species group of Tsolakis and Ragusa due to the elongated calyx of spermatheca. It differs from its congeners by having seta J2 more than six times longer than seta j6, and seta S5 about three times longer than seta R1 as well as eight setae on genu II, in the female. In addition, Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) rapidus Wainstein and Arutunjan, and Paraseiulus incognitus Wainstein and Arutunjan are reported for the first time for the Turkish fauna. Although T. (A.) rapidus was reported for the Turkish fauna by an earlier study, we consider the previous report invalid, because it shows three pairs of preanal setae as opposed to four pairs in the original description and the material examined in this study. Furthermore, P. incognitus is removed from junior synonymy with P. soleiger and redefined. Therefore, in this study, we retain these two species as distinct species due to differences in their adenotaxy.

Determination of Some Quality Characteristics of Durum Wheat under Dry Conditions in Konya

This study was carried out to determine the quality characteristics of some durum wheat varieties grown in different regions of Turkey under Konya ecological conditions. Altıntaş-95, Burgos, Ç-1252, Dumlupınar, Eminbey, Imren, Kızıltan-91, Kunduru-1149, Leonardo, Levent, Kümbet-2000, Mimmo, Mirzabey-2000, Sırçalı, Soylu, Svevo, Traubadur, Türköz, Vehbibey, Yelken-2000 varieties were used as plant material. In the research, the field trial was established in a randomized block design with three replications. Within the scope of the research; hectoliter weight, glassiness, semolina color and protein characteristics were examined. In the study, significant differences were found between the varieties in terms of hectoliter weight and protein ratio, while semolina color and glassiness were found insignificant. The highest hectoliter weight was found in the Yelken-2000 variety and the highest protein ratio was found in the Burgos variety.

Major and minor salivary gland cancers: A multicenter retrospective study.

Most of the studies on salivary gland cancers are limited for various reasons such as being single-center, small number of patients, including only major or minor SGCs, or only including epidemiological data. A total of 37 medical oncology clinics from different regions of Turkey participated in this retrospective-multicenter study. The analyzed data included clinical and demographical features, primary treatment, metastasis localizations, and treatments and includes certain pathologic features. The study included data from a total of 443 SGCs. 56.7% was in major salivary glands and 43.3% was in minor salivary glands. Distant metastasis in the major SGCs was statistically significantly more common than in the minor SGCs, locoregional recurrence was statistically significantly more common in the minor SGCs than in the major SGCs (p = 0.003). Epidemiological information, metastasis and recurrence patterns, treatment modalities, and survival analysis of the patients over 20 years of follow-up are presented.

Determination of Aflatoxin M1 levels in Turkish cheeses provided from different regions of Turkey

Hygienic quality is a very important problem in milk and dairy products. Aflatoxins are produced by moulds, and it is known that the Aflatoxin M1 type, which can be found in milk and dairy products, is a potential risk for public health. In this study, the presence of Aflatoxin M1 in white and Tulum cheese samples collected from three different provinces of Turkey (Burdur, Bursa, and Elazig) was investigated with the ELISA method. 42 white and 42 Tulum cheese samples (total 84) were analyzed, and the samples were evaluated in terms of their compliance with the limits of the Turkish Food Codex. According to the results; 34 (40.47 %) of 84 cheese samples were contaminated with Aflatoxin M1, ranging from 250 to 559 ng/kg. Fifty (59.52 %) cheese samples were found below the detection limit, meaning they are negative in terms of Aflatoxin M1 and do not pose a risk. On the other hand, 2 samples (2.38 %) were over the tolerance limit of the Turkish Food Codex. Also, the incidence of Aflatoxin M1 in white cheeses was 35.71 % and 45.23 % in Tulum cheeses. Although it is not much above the legal limit, Aflatoxin M1 contamination in cheese may reduce the food quality and adversely affect human health. Therefore, it should be treated more carefully in the production of milk and dairy products. In addition, quality feeds should be used in the feeding of dairy animals.

The use of digital technologies among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive study in Turkey

The objective of this descriptive qualitative research was to explore the use of information technologies and changes in its use among elderly individuals who experienced the longest curfews in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also aimed to better understand the challenges this age group faced while utilizing these technologies. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with twelve over sixty-fives from different regions of Turkey, ten of whom are retired, and two of whom are currently working. The study’s results indicated that during the pandemic, the use of ICT among this age group increased for financial transactions, connectedness, obtaining information/news, and leisure activities. However, the study also revealed that these individuals faced challenges in adopting new online activities due to concerns about personal data, especially in financial transactions, highlighting the need for support in this area.

A study on morphological variations of male Helophorus (Helophorus) aquaticus (L., 1758) (Coleoptera: Helophoridae) in Türkiye

The geographic structure of Türkiye is well-suited for determining species diversity and interspecific variation as Türkiye has many regions with different altitudes and ecological characteristics. A large number of specimens belonging to the Helophoridae family belonging to the order Coleoptera were collected from different regions of Turkey between 2007-2021, examined and kept as museum material. Among the museum materials evaluated in terms of variation, Helophorus (Helophorus) aquaticus (L., 1758) species were seen to be both more common and more diverse in each region. In this study, male specimens varying in color, size, pronotum, tarsi, and genital structure were selected among the samples collected from different regions and geographic locations within the same locality. A total of 17 different morphological variations were identified and listed by examining the pronotum, elytra, tarsi, and aedeagophore structures. The relationships of these variations with altitude have been evaluated. As a result of this study, it has been determined that variations of the same species can coexist in the same locality, as well as similar variations in localities in different geographical regions. In addition, it was determined that the size of the insects increased as the altitude increased.

Distributed leadership and teachers' emotional labour: the mediating role of teacher autonomy

PurposeTeachers' expressing candid and natural emotions during teaching and learning processes is of vital importance for the quality and content of education. Because of that reason, it is necessary to explore factors that have a role in teachers' emotional labour. Therefore, the current study aims to test a novel model developed to explore the direct and indirect relations among distributed leadership, teacher autonomy and emotional labour.Design/methodology/approachThe study data came from 1,007 teachers working at 81 state high schools located in 12 different regions in Turkey. To test the proposed model, the authors conducted a mediation analysis of structural equation modelling.FindingsThe analysis confirms that teacher autonomy is a prominent mediator in the relationship between distributed leadership and emotional labour.Originality/valueThis study is expected to contribute to the body of research focusing on the effects of leadership on teachers' emotional labour.

Awareness and Knowledge of Pneumococcal Vaccination in Cardiology Outpatient Clinics and the Impact of Physicians' Recommendations on Vaccination Rates.

We aimed to evaluate the awareness of pneumococcal vaccination (PCV13, PPSV23) in general cardiology outpatient clinics and impact of physicians' recommendations on vaccination rates. This was a multicenter, observational, prospective cohort study. Patients over the age of 18 from 40 hospitals in different regions of Turkey who applied to the cardiology outpatient clinic between September 2022 and August 2021 participated. The vaccination rates were calculated within three months of follow-up from the admitting of the patient to cardiology clinics. The 403 (18.2%) patients with previous pneumococcal vaccination were excluded from the study. The mean age of study population (n = 1808) was 61.9 ± 12.1 years and 55.4% were male. The 58.7% had coronary artery disease, hypertension (74.1%) was the most common risk factor, and 32.7% of the patients had never been vaccinated although they had information about vaccination before. The main differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were related to education level and ejection fraction. The physicians' recommendations were positively correlated with vaccination intention and behavior in our participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between vaccination and female sex [OR = 1.55 (95% CI = 1.25-1.92), p < 0.001], higher education level [OR = 1.49 (95% CI = 1.15-1.92), p = 0.002] patients' knowledge [OR = 1.93 (95% CI = 1.56-2.40), p < 0.001], and their physician's recommendation [OR = 5.12 (95% CI = 1.92-13.68), p = 0.001]. To increase adult immunization rates, especially among those with or at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is essential to understand each of these factors. Even if during COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increased awareness about vaccination, the vaccine acceptance level is not enough, still. Further studies and interventions are needed to improve public vaccination rates.

The Examinaton of Ayip Conceptualization From Children’s Perspective and Related Moral Emotions Within The Frame of Social Domain Theory

The aim of this study is to exploratively examine of how the concept of “ayıp”, which is frequently used in different contexts in Turkish but has not been sufficiently studied in pscyhology literature, is conceptualized in childhood. For this purpose, it has been tried to reveal that in which social domain the concept of “ayıp” is defined within the framework of Turiel’s Social Domain Theory and which emotions it is related to. The sample consists of 125 children, 63 girls and 62 boys, the agesbetween 7 and 15 (M= 10.12, SD= 1.55) living in different regions of Turkey. According to the results of the open-ended questions the children evaluate the concept of “ayıp” in both moral and conventional domains, and they express these evaluations mostly through harm/ avoidance of harm,unvirtuous behaviours, violation of social rules, sexual violations and nudity. The situations and behaviours that are considered as “ayıp” are accompanied by more anger and shame in the moral domain, and more disgust in the conventional domain. When the results are evaluated as a whole, it is seen that “ayıp” for children works like unwritten rules and serves to maintain interpersonal relations and social order andis closely related to emotions such as anger, shame, guilt and disgust.

Identification of Turkish extra virgin olive oils produced in different regions by using NMR (1H and 13C) and IRMS (13C/12C)

AbstractIsotope ratio mass spectroscopy (IRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy techniques are two of the analytical methods that are used to characterize food products. The aim of this study is to classify extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) samples collected from different regions of Turkey based on 1H and 13C NMR spectra along with IRMS δ13C carbon isotope ratio data by using chemometrics multivariate data analysis methods. A total of 175 EVOO samples were analyzed in 2014/15 and 2015/16 harvest seasons. Multivariate classification and clustering models were used to identify geographical and botanical origins of the EVOOs. IRMS results showed that there was no significant difference in terms of δ13C values between the years in terms of harvest year (p &gt; 0.05), only extraction phase and variety were statistically significant factors (p &lt; 0.05). The interactions of the factors showed that the harvest year × variety interaction is important. The outcomes of this research clearly indicated that considering the partial least squares discriminant analysis result with NMR spectra, the percent success of the model in the South Marmara, North Aegean, and South Aegean region samples were 95%, 95.7%, and 96.4% in the model set, respectively. The results showed that by using classification and clustering models, geographic marking and labeling of these oils can be carried out regardless of differences in year and production systems (2 and 3 phase extraction system) according the NMR analysis.

How should citizenship education be given?: A study based on the opinions of social studies teachers

In this study, it was aimed to perform an in-depth examination of the opinions of social studies teachers on how citizenship education should be given. Phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. The study group of the research was formed with 17 social studies teachers working in different regions of Turkey, having different professional seniority and also different genders, by using maximum diversity sampling. The data of the study were collected through a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the perception of social studies teachers regarding the phenomenon of citizenship varied. It was determined that social studies teachers considered the main purpose of social studies as citizenship education and also as a course aimed at raising individuals that the society needs. In the study, it was also concluded that the teachers were of the opinion that appropriate content should be used, different teaching methods-techniques should be employed, and value education should be emphasized while giving citizenship education in the social studies course. Various suggestions were made based on the results of the research.

Ortaokul Matematik Öğretmenlerinin Fiziksel ve Psikolojik Şiddete İlişkin Farkındalıkları

The increase in the number of violence can be associated with raising awareness about violence, defining and recording types of violence, or the presence of push factors that cause violent behavior to emerge. However, violence has become more visible in social life with the more frequent use of the media. The aim of this study is to reveal the noticing of secondary mathematics teachers on the types of violence. For this purpose, four video segments representing the types of physical and psychological violence were watched by seven secondary school mathematics teachers working in different regions of Turkey. Written opinions of the teachers about the types of violence they noticed in the video sections were taken and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the teachers based on these opinions. The data obtained were analyzed with the content analysis technique and the opinions of the teachers were classified under three categories as "recognized types of violence", "defining the type of violence noticed" and "reaction to the type of violence". The analyzes revealed that the participating teachers generally recognized physical violence in the video sections they watched, but they had difficulties in recognizing and defining psychological violence. Although the reactions of the participating teachers about the types of violence they have developed awareness of, they preferred to remain unresponsive. Considering the importance of the reaction in preventing violence, it is suggested that in-service trainings will contribute to raising teachers' awareness of the types of violence.

Application of Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filter to quantify the long-term meteorological and emission impacts on air quality

High concentrations of Particulate Matter (PM) have become a major problem in Turkey because of its economic development over the past decades, as well as its geographical proximity to natural dust source areas. In this study, PM10 data (for the period of 2010–2020) of 36 ground-based stations in 12 metropolitan cities over different regions in Turkey was used and Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter was implemented to decompose the data into its temporal components. A stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was developed to establish relationships between PM10 concentrations and a set of meteorological variables for each city to quantify the long-term meteorological as well as emission impacts on changes and trends in air quality. In this study analysis has revealed that out of twelve major cities in Turkey, only three of them has PM10 levels below or around 45 μgm−3,which is 24 h Air Quality Guideline (AQG) level identified by WHO (WHO, 2021). Overall, over the selected period, long-term change in PM10 concentration is negative for 10 out of 12 cities, ranging between −39.6 μgm−3 and −1.2 μgm−3. Only Adana and Kayseri have a positive long-term change ranging between 1.0 μgm−3 and 3.1 μgm−3. Long-term change in meteorology related component (χLTmet) is relatively constant, hence, long-term change in PM10 concentration (χLT) is heavily influenced by emission related component (χLTemis). As emission impact reduces over time, there is a decrease in PM10 levels in most of the cities. This finding is further supported by reductions in national emissions data.

Borrelia miyamotoi in wild rodents from four different regions of Turkey

Borrelia miyamotoi is a tick-borne zoonotic agent that causes hard tick-borne relapsing fever, an emerging disease in humans. Some small mammalian and bird species are reported to be reservoirs of B. miyamotoi. This study aims to examine Borrelia species present in rodents captured from rural areas of Turkey. Blood samples of rodents were initially screened with Borrelia 16S rRNA qPCR. The Borrelia flaB gene was subsequently amplified by conventional PCR, after which all positive samples were sequenced. Borrelia miyamotoi was observed in nine out of 536 blood samples (1.7%) collected from wild rodents. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all positive samples belonged to the European genotype clade of B. miyamotoi. PCR positivity was 5.3%, 3.7%, and 1.8% in Apodemus uralensis, Apodemus flavicollis, and Myodes glareolus, respectively. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato that causes Lyme borreliosis in humans could not be detected in the rodents. In this study, presence of B. miyamotoi DNA is reported for the first time in rodents in Turkey.

Essential Oil Composition Analysis, Antimicrobial Activities, and Biosystematic Studies on Six Species of Salvia.

The essential oil constituents, antimicrobial properties, and biosystematic characteristics (morphological, palynological, and anatomical features) of six Salvia species from different regions of Turkey were investigated qualitatively and quantitatively in this study. The chemical composition of the essential oils of dried aerial parts of Salvia species, i.e., S. absconditiflora, S. ceratophylla, S. multicaulis, S. verbenaca, S. viridis, and S. syriaca were analyzed by GC-MS. The main constituents of the six Salvia species studied were 1,8-cineol, caryophyllene oxide, spathulenol, and borneol in different ratios. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of species of the genus Salvia was tested by the disc diffusion method. The essential oils of Salvia species showed different antimicrobial activity against the studied microorganisms. The highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli was observed in S. multicaulis and the highest antimicrobial activity against K. pneumoniae was observed in S. verbenaca. The morphology of the stem, leaf, bract, and flower structures of the Salvia species were analyzed in this study. Anatomical investigations focused on the root, petiole, and stem in more detail. Our research has broadened the criteria of anatomical characters unique to the Salvia species. Under light microscopy, the pollen grains of the six species belonging to Salvia were isopolar and radially symmetrical. The properties of the essential oil constituents, antimicrobial properties, and biosystematic data obtained in this study contribute to the bioactive and biosystematic studies of Salvia species used for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes.

Chemometric classification of chestnut honeys from different regions in Turkey based on their phenolic compositions and biological activities

The objective of this study was to investigate the phenolic composition and biological properties of chestnut honeys of 41 stations in Turkey's the Black Sea and Marmara regions. A total of sixteen phenolic compounds and organic acids were detected using HPLC-DAD and levulinic, gallic, protocatechuic, vanilic, trans-cinnamic acids and (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol were identified in all studied chestnut honeys. Antioxidant activities were measured by ABTS•+, β-carotene-linoleic acid, CUPRAC, DPPH•, and metal chelating assays. Antimicrobial activities were carried out against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and Candida species using well diffusion test. Anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated against COX-1 and COX-2 whereas enzyme inhibitory activities were assessed on AChE, BChE, urease, and tyrosinase. The chemometric classification of chestnut honeys were carried out using PCA and HCA and it was seen that some phenolic compounds contributed significantly to the classification of chestnut honeys from various geographical origin.

Bacterial Profile and Fatty Acid Composition of Anatolian Bee Bread Samples by Metataxonomic and Metabolomic Approach.

This study investigated the bacterial and postbiotic potential of three Anatolian bee bread samples obtained from different regions of Turkey (Marmara, Aegean, and Mediterranean) and offered for human consumption. The families most commonly found in Anatolian bee bread were Lactobacillaceae, Oscillospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae, Prevotellaceae, and Lachnospiraceae. Lactobacillus delbruckeii was highly abundant, but also other beneficial bacteria, known to be next-generation probiotics, were revealed in bee bread, such as Prevotalla copri, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Akkermansia muciniphila. Apart from these beneficial bacteria, bee bread samples also harbored undesired bacteria such as Phocaeicola vulgatus, Phocaeicola dorei, and Clostridium perfringens. Fatty acid composition showed that bee bread samples had butyric acid, a short-chain fatty acid, as a postbiotic. Additionally, polyunsaturated fatty acids were also found such as alfa-linolenic acid and eicosadienoic acid. The fatty acids with the highest amounts were palmitic acid (~ 30%), stearic acid (~ 17%), and alpha-linolenic acid (~ 12%). One of the samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

It is time to restructure initial teacher education in Turkey due to the covid-19 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the roadmap of Turkey for universities and teacher education programs at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate the rapid online learning experiences and preferences of preservice teachers throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants of this case study were preservice teachers who enrolled in various departments in the faculty of education in different regions of Turkey. The data were collected via an online self-reflection form. The participants reported a preference for face-to-face learning. They also reflected that online learning is more effective than video and presentation. The majority of the pre-service teachers suggested revision in the curriculum regarding blended learning. The findings of this study can be used either to improve preservice teacher professional development or restructure the programs around the world for the future.

Assessment of the Relationships between Prospective Mathematics Teachers’ Classroom Management Anxiety, Academic Self-Efficacy Beliefs, Academic Amotivation and Attitudes toward the Teaching Profession Using Structural Equation Modelling

Academic self-efficacy, academic amotivation, attitude toward the teaching profession, and classroom management anxiety are four of the most significant factors for both teacher training and performance because these psychological and behavioral constructs are first developed during the initial training, and reflect on the actual teaching quality of teachers. Therefore, investigation into their development and relationships, particularly with regard to prospective teachers, is significant both for the theory and practice of teaching. Hence, the current study aims to explore the casual relationships between these variables with a sample of prospective mathematics teachers, using the structural equation modelling (SEM). The participants were selected using simple random sampling method from prospective mathematics teachers studying at educational faculties of seven universities in different regions of Turkey. The data were collected using the academic amotivation scale, academic self-efficacy scale, attitude toward the teaching profession scale, classroom management anxiety scale, and a personal information form developed by the researchers. Data obtained from 581 participants were analyzed using path analysis. The findings showed that prospective mathematics teachers had a positive attitude toward the profession, and were eager to teach. Their academic self-efficacy predicted their attitude toward the teaching profession. Similarly, prospective mathematics teachers’ attitude toward the teaching profession correlated negatively with their academic amotivation. In other words, as prospective mathematics teachers’ attitude scores toward the profession increased, their academic amotivation scores decreased. However, prospective mathematics teachers had a high level of classroom management anxiety. Interestingly, prospective mathematics teachers with a positive attitude toward the profession experienced higher levels of classroom management anxiety. The findings mostly supported previous results in the literature. Implications were suggested both for teacher training and practice of quality teaching.

Vrednosti budućih nastavnika muzičke kulture u Turskoj

The aim of this study is to investigate the representation of values among pre-service music teachers. The study group consisted of 278 pre-service music teachers studying at state universities in different regions of Turkey. The study was conducted using an instrument for measuring teachers' values which had already been applied in other research. Generally speaking, the most important values for pre-service music teachers are social values, freedom, career, intellectual and honor of humanity, while the least important values are spiritual and romantic. It might be concluded that there is a significant difference in the sub-dimensions honor of humanity, and career values and spirituality in favor of girls and in favor of those aged 27 and over. Significant differences were found in the sub-dimensions of materialistic values in favor of participants whose parents have a higher income, and romantic values in favor of participants with parents with a medium and low-income level. As regards materialistic values, a sub-dimension of the values scale, it was observed that students with illiterate fathers and students with undergraduate fathers differed significantly. The relationships between the sub-dimensions of the value scale are statistically significant and positive (p&lt;0.01). Only the relationship between the romantic values and futuwwat/munificence &amp; courage sub-dimensions decreased at the (p&lt;0.05) level. In accordance with these findings the paper offers recommendations for improving preservice teacher education so that teachers can critically asses and reconsider their own values, but also tend to develop values that are in accordance with contemporary educational standpoints.