Students In Different Classes Research Articles

An analysis of dropout students in education system of Kerala

at a time when Kerala achieved hundred percentage primary education status, the state Education Department has reported a sharp increase in the dropout rates of Dalit students in the state. Educational experts criticize that the lack of coordination and poor realization of schemes by the government were the reasons for the rising number of dropouts from schools. The highest dropout rate was recorded in the border districts of Wayanad, Idukki and Kollam. The overall aim of this paper is to provide the scenario of drop outs students of scheduled cast (boys and girls). Also, we interpret the analysis of variance among the drop out students in different classes.

CHARACTER BUILDING: ARE EFL TEACHERS READY? (VOICES FROM LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS)

Character building education in classroom contexts is nowadays gaining a lot more attention than in the past as a way to provide solution to the social misbehavior that students often conduct outside classroom and even school levels. This is in line with the new curriculum of 2013 in which “Pendidikan nasional berfungsi mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk watak serta peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat....peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia,sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan mejadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab (Suherdi, 2013). This indicates that character building education is very important in producing students who have a strong religious character as well as a good attitude to make them not only succeed academically in school but also in their social life. This study is thus aimed at finding out the aspects of characters that teachers and students need to possess, the teachers’ role in promoting character education in the classrooms, and the importance of character education to enhance students’ learning activities. This study involves several teachers and students of different classes from some English learning institutions. The preliminary study revealed that teachers do not have a significant role in emphasizing character building in the classrooms and that most students are not fully aware of the importance of character education in enhancing their learning.

Exploring Encouragement, Treatment, and Spillover Effects Using Principal Stratification, With Application to a Field Experiment on Teens’ Museum Attendance

This article revisits results from a field experiment, conducted in Florence, Italy, to study the effects of incentives provided to high school teens to motivate them to visit art museums. In the experiment, different classes of students were randomized to three types of encouragement and were offered a free visit to a main museum in the city. Using the principal stratification framework, the article explores causal pathways that may lead students to increase future visits, as induced by the encouragement received, or by the individual experience of the proposed free museum visit, or by the spillover of classmates’ experience. We do so by estimating and interpreting the causal effects of the three forms of encouragement within the principal strata defined by compliance behaviors. Bayesian inferential methods are used to derive the posterior distributions of weakly identified causal parameters.

Early and Increased Training in Veterinary Radiology Increases Student Interest in the Specialty But May Provide Little Short-Term Gain in Radiology Knowledge.

There is a lack of consensus among educators regarding the ideal structure of radiology training in veterinary medicine. Research in the medical field suggests that early integration has positive short- and long-term impacts on student interest in radiology. This study evaluated the effect of a new radiology course in the first year of the veterinary curriculum. Authors hypothesized that students taught radiology in years 1 and 2 would have greater interest in and appreciation for the specialty of radiology and would perform better on tests of basic knowledge of medical imaging principles, entry-level image interpretation, and anatomy identification than students who were not taught until year 2. An online questionnaire was administered to different classes of students after completion of their radiology courses. Students with early and increased radiology training were significantly more likely to respond that radiology was more interesting than other veterinary specialties. Unexpectedly, students with early and increased training performed significantly better than students with less and later training on only one out of nine content knowledge questions, though they did perform significantly better on additional knowledge questions compared to students with only early exposure. This suggests early and increased training in radiology may increase student interest in and appreciation for the specialty, but may not lead to increased short-term knowledge retention compared to a traditional curriculum format.

The Effect of Television Dramas on Perception of Young Viewers: A Study of Lahore Based Universities

Main objectives of the study are to examine the exposure of young viewers towards Private TV Dramas and to examine the positive feelings of young viewers towards Private TV Dramas. In addition, it is also objective of the study to examine the negative feelings of young viewers towards Private TV Dramas. In current study data is collected form private and Govt universities of Lahore. Data is collected 400 respondents which are students of different classes. Convenience sampling technique is used for data collection from the respondents. SPSS V-23 is used for analysis of data and application of statistical tests. After the statistical analysis the it was concluded that relationship was found very significant among all independent and dependent variables. It is also suggested that there is need to conducted new studies on this area as well.

Active Case Search of Kala-azar in an Endemic Area of Bangladesh:

Visceral Leishmaniasis which is also known as kala-azar is one of the most alarming vector borne Disease in Bangladesh. Kala-azar elimination program was launched in Bangladesh in the year 2008. The primary goal of this program is to decrease the burden of Visceral Leishmaniasis as much as possible. Active case search method are currently using for detection of Visceral Leishmaniasis patient in the community. The successful active case search activity or method lies in preventing and reducing Visceral Leishmaniasis in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to assess the Active Case Search activity of Visceral Leishmaniasis Elimination Program in selective endemic area in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted within the time frame of 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2016 at different unions of Fulbaria upazila in Mymensingh district using purposive sampling technique according to availability of the respondents and data was collected with pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire by face to face interview. A total number of 111 respondents were enrolled in this study as per selection criteria. Among 111 respondent’s male were 71(64%) and female were 40(36%) and 36 (32.4%) were farmer, 29 (26.1%) were students of different classes, 20 (18%) women were housewife, 11 (9.9%) respondents were in service, 6 (5.4%) were day Laborer and 7 (6.3%) had other profession. Regarding housing status most of them {81(72.98%)} had the kacha housing and only a few respondents {3 (2.7%)} had pakka housing. According to the distance of cowshed or cattle house of the majority of the respondents 95(85.6%) were in the nearest location from living room (Less than 12 feet). Among 111 respondents most of them {78(70.3%)} suffered from kala-azar and 33(29.7%) not suffered from kala- azar in the study area and among these 78 respondents 62(77.5%) found Post kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) spot on the body. Most of them 80(72.1%) stated that there was no regular routine visit of the health worker. 90 (81.1%) respondents mentioned that the frequency of Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) was once in a year and 21(18.9%) mentioned 2 times in a year. Among 111 respondents 78(70.27%) mentioned that last supply of Long Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN) was more than 1 year ago,18(16.22%) mentioned before 6 month and 15(13.51%) before 1 year. This study permits to conclude that Active Case Search Activity of Visceral Leishmaniasis program in Bangladesh facing challenges due to lack of monitoring and supervision. Without strengthening of active case search activity, it is impossible to reach the goal.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 26-39

Ensino por investigação nas aulas de Matemática do curso de licenciatura em Química

Neste artigo trazemos à baila uma pesquisa realizada no contexto de aulas de matemática de um curso de Licenciatura em Química na qual buscamos configurar atividades experimentais investigativas em atividades de modelagem matemática. Fundamentamo-nos em aportes teóricos do Ensino por Investigação, que consiste em uma abordagem didática que cria um ambiente investigativo, bem como na Modelagem Matemática, entendida como alternativa pedagógica para ensinar matemática. Subsidiamos nossas análises nos relatórios escritos de três atividades de modelagem matemática desenvolvidas por três grupos de alunos de diferentes turmas do curso de Licenciatura em Química na disciplina de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral 1 de uma universidade federal do Paraná. A análise qualitativa, inspirada na Research Design, dos relatórios entregues pelos alunos, possibilitou-nos realizar agrupamentos que caracterizam atividades experimentais investigativas como um jeito de “visualizar” os conceitos da área de química na prática; como meio de possibilitar a verificação/confirmação de dados obtidos via outras fontes (rótulo, literatura, etc.); como precursora de reflexões relacionadas a aspectos socioculturais; como disparadora de discussões matemáticas contextualizadas; como possibilidade de os alunos, desde o início do curso, vivenciarem ações características de uma atividade de pesquisa, tais como produzir e organizar dados, utilizando-os para pensar sobre um problema.

‘No, I Don’t Like the Basque Language.’ Considering the Role of Cultural Capital within Boundary-Work in Basque Education

The aim of this study is to analyze the nature of multiethnic academic interactions in relation to theories of cultural capital and boundary-work. More precisely, it considers to what extent school structure is related to the cultural capital of students from different ethnic backgrounds and explores its relationship to Intergroup Contact Theory and identity. Methods include documentary analysis, participant observation, interviews, and focus groups conducted from an ethnographic perspective between 2015 and 2016. Based on data collected in a Basque school attended by a high proportion of immigrant students, intraethnic and interethnic student–student and student–teacher relationships, and inequalities within these, are analyzed. Results indicate that the distribution of students in different classes tended to be ethnically marked, as most immigrant students chose to attend classes that were taught mostly in Spanish, whereas most autochthonous students were enrolled in classes with a high Basque instruction. The study considers the effects of students’ language choices and concludes that Basque has implications for the theories of identity, cultural capital, and boundary-work, as learning Basque is an academic and implicit rule in Basque education and society.

Curricula Influence College Student Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Invasive Species

Negative impacts from invasive species present a global problem. Consequently, invasive species biology has emerged as an important subdiscipline of conservation biology. One of the goals of invasive species biology is to educate the public about impacts and potential control of invasive species. The purpose of this study was to determine if a lecture, a lecture and laboratory learning model, or both influence college student learning gains and whether increase in knowledge results in changes in attitudes about invasive species. A pre- and posttest instrument that measured knowledge and attitudes of invasive species was administered to several different classes of students at a university and community college. One group of students received a lecture and laboratory curriculum between the pre- and posttest (the lecture and laboratory treatment group). A second group of students received a lecture between the pre- and posttest (the lecture-only treatment group) and a third group received no instruction between tests (the control group). The lecture was in the form of an electronic presentation, whereas the laboratory curriculum included a case study, a visual aid, and a scavenger hunt to educate students about examples of invasive plant and animal species. In all classes and groups, there were at least 2 weeks between administering the pre- and posttest. Results showed that the control group scores were not different between the pre- and posttest. However, both the lecture-only and the lecture and laboratory treatment groups had scores that changed after receiving the curricula. In addition, there was an effect of curricula on student learning for the three conditions. The differences between the group that received no curricula vs. the two that did indicated that the curricula were effective teaching interventions to help students become more educated about invasive species.

Peer Effects and Youth Smoking in the European Global Youth Tobacco Survey

Abstract This paper investigates the effect of peer smoking on individual smoking among youths in 10 countries that participated in the European Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS). I control for endogeneity in school selection and unobserved school-level characteristics through the use of school fixed-effects. I use instrumental variables to address the simultaneity in peer and individual behaviours. Identification arises by comparing students in different classes within the same school. On average, an increase in the share of classmates who smoke by 10 percentage points increases the probability that an individual in that class will smoke by 3 to 6.9 percentage points. The results imply that any policy intervention such as anti-smoking messages, smoking bans, or higher cigarette prices will be even more cost-effective because of the social multiplier effect of peers – policies affecting some individuals in a group will generate spillovers to others through the peer effect.

Two Heads May be Better than One: Learning from Computer Agents in Conversational Trialogues

BackgroundPedagogical agents are computerized talking heads or embodied animated avatars that help students learn by performing actions and holding conversations with the students in natural language. Dialogues occur between a tutor agent and the student in the case of AutoTutor and other intelligent tutoring systems with natural-language conversation. The agents are adaptive to the students’ actions, verbal contributions, and, in some systems, their emotions (such as boredom, confusion, and frustration).Focus of StudyThis paper explores several designs of trialogues (two agents interacting with a human student) that have been productively implemented for particular students, subject matters, and depths of learning. The two agents take on different roles, but often serve as peers and tutors. There are different trialogue designs that address different pedagogical goals for different classes of students. For example, students can (a) observe vicariously two agents interacting, (b) converse with a tutor agent while a peer agent periodically chimes in, or (c) teach a peer agent while a tutor rescues a problematic interaction. In addition, agents can argue with each other over issues and ask what the human student thinks about the argument.Research DesignTrialogues have been developed for systematic experimental investigations in several studies that measure student impressions, learning gains from pretest to post-test on objective tests, and both cognitive and affective states during learning. The studies compare conditions with different pedagogical principles underlying the trialogues in order to assess the impact of these principles on student impressions, learning, emotions, and other psychological measures. Discourse analyses are performed on the language and actions in the log files in order to assess their impacts on psychological measures.RecommendationsTests of these agent-based systems have shown improvements in learning gains and systematic influences on student emotions. In the future, researchers need to conduct more research to empirically evaluate the psychological impact of different trialogue designs on psychological measures. These trialogue designs range from scripted interactions between agents being observed by the student, to the student helping a fellow peer agent, to the student resolving an argument between two agents. The central question is whether the learning experiences and outcomes show improvement over typical human-computer dialogues (i.e., one human and one tutor agent) and conventional pedagogical interventions.

The impact of a student’s study time journal as a lesson and learning study

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between a student’s study time and the learning outcome from a perspective that will correspond to Bloom’s (1956) taxonomy and how teaching can be developed using variation theory.Design/methodology/approachThe author designed a learning study using an experiment with three different classes of students. The experimental research question was “Does a student’s study time (massed or distributed spacing) have an impact on the learning process?”FindingsResults indicated that students in the “strictly supervised study time” grouping improved on their learning outcomes more than those in the “not strictly supervised study time” equivalent and those in the control group. It is important for students to manage their own learning activities and follow a regular study routine to improve their learning outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsThis study used undergraduate students at a university in Ghana, and its findings may not necessarily be applicable to other populations. One other limitation was that the author did not control for the lecturer’s expectations and how these may have influenced students’ learning outcomes. Another potential limitation was that total quality management was the only subject area used for this study.Practical implicationsThe objective of the study was to use the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ) approach by Pintrich et al. (1991) to determine the relationship between a student’s study time and the impact on their learning outcomes. The results imply that students must take more active roles in their learning by having regular study time.Originality/valueCurrently, to the best of the author’s knowledge, there are not many experiment-based research studies on a student’s study time using the MSLQ approach by Pintrich et al. (1991). This study contributes to the existing literature by examining how a student’s study time (massed or distributed spacing) has an impact on the learning outcome as a lesson and learning study.

Perencanaan kebutuhan Ruang Belajar dan Guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri dalam Kaitannya dengan Anak Usia Sekolah di Kotamadya Bandarlampung

The research purpose was to describe the growth rate of student of State Elemtary School (SDN) in Bandarlampung from 1991/1992 until 1994/1995. In collecting data we conducted interview and studied documents. The data were analyzed in percentages. The result showed that the number of students who attended elementary schools were decreasing, except at North Telukbetung and Kedaton Subdistricts where students who attended elemtary schools were increasing. The condition in Bandarlampung caused many teachers not to have classes, because there were too many teachers. Also the research found out that in every subdistrict there was lack of classroom. Total number of classroom needed in Bandarlampung was 563. These caused the same rooms to be used by different students of different classes

Meaning for fraction multiplication: Thematic analysis of mathematical talk in three fifth grade classes

In this article we share the results of an analysis of the mathematical talk that occurred in discussions of a fraction multiplication task in three different fifth grade mathematics classes. The purpose of the analysis was to determine whether and how fraction multiplication might be construed differently through the use of language, even in classes where the same task was being enacted. We found that the discussions in each class did construe fraction multiplication differently, providing opportunities for students in different classes to develop different conceptions of what fraction multiplication means. This research represents an example of how thematic analysis can be used to shed light on the mathematics of the mathematics classroom, and has implications for research on the enacted curriculum as well as the teaching and learning of fraction multiplication.

Beyond academic tracking: using cluster analysis and self-organizing maps to investigate secondary students' chemistry self-concept

Academic tracking, placing students in different classes based on past performance, is a common feature of the American secondary school system. A longitudinal study of secondary students' chemistry self-concept scores was conducted, and one feature of the study was the presence of academic tracking. Though academic tracking is one way to group data for analysis, since students are naturally grouped in their classes, we aimed to uncover other groupings characterized by their self-concept scores. A cluster analysis was performed using scores from the chemistry and mathematics subscales of the chemistry self-concept inventory. The analysis yielded five clusters, four of which demonstrate a positive relationship between chemistry and mathematics self-concept scores. One cluster, however, was composed of students with low chemistry self-concept scores and high mathematics self-concept scores. Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs), new to chemistry education research (CER), were used to identify smaller groupings of students within the clusters to better understand students' self-concept. This technique was also used to explore longitudinal trends in students' chemistry self-concept data. This work has important implications for tracking in chemistry, the value of considering the affective characteristics of chemistry students, and the prospect of SOMs as a new CER tool.

The Importance of Four Skills Reading, Speaking, Writing, Listening in a Lesson Hour

Teaching and learning are two basic processes underlying the activity of students and teachers nowadays. Learning process puts both parties toward each other , what it teaches , and what it takes, the teacher and the student. Today takes great importance to the training of students to teach themselves , their education, equipping them with the skills of independent work with the most advanced methods of learning conscious , sustainable , active and creative. The purpose of this topic is to know the importance of usage of all skills during a lesson hour. The teacher is free to use a variety of methods and strategies of teaching / learning to suit the needs of students in different classes. He combines these methods during the learning process and adapts according to the increasing development of linguistic competence and independence of student development, the consistency of this process. Teaching has at its center the method of communication, task -based methods, functional methods and situations as real life etc . These methods are realized through various strategies and techniques, according to language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing) . Teacher and students collaborate on the organization of teaching / learning. To facilitate the teaching / learning, the teacher finds efficient ways to organize communication activities , provides and suggests source materials for students. In contemporary teaching teacher does not only play the role of teachers, but also plays the role of supervisor. Together they establish cooperative relations in the process of learning . The teacher clarifies the students and takes their understanding of what happens in the classroom. This means clarifying the rules of the line of work and responsibilities of students in the process of activities. The teacher suggests and provides the use of audiovisual means , electronic , and helps students to use various forms of information technology within and outside the classroom . It gives students the website in accordance with the age and educational requirements . On a teaching hour should be applied all four language skills strategies , but they escalate from level to level depending on the objectives . Setting the students in the spotlight makes the student actively participate in linguistic interaction , preparing it for a new phase of his education or of being able to face the demands of the labor market.

Contact patterns among high school students.

Face-to-face contacts between individuals contribute to shape social networks and play an important role in determining how infectious diseases can spread within a population. It is thus important to obtain accurate and reliable descriptions of human contact patterns occurring in various day-to-day life contexts. Recent technological advances and the development of wearable sensors able to sense proximity patterns have made it possible to gather data giving access to time-varying contact networks of individuals in specific environments. Here we present and analyze two such data sets describing with high temporal resolution the contact patterns of students in a high school. We define contact matrices describing the contact patterns between students of different classes and show the importance of the class structure. We take advantage of the fact that the two data sets were collected in the same setting during several days in two successive years to perform a longitudinal analysis on two very different timescales. We show the high stability of the contact patterns across days and across years: the statistical distributions of numbers and durations of contacts are the same in different periods, and we observe a very high similarity of the contact matrices measured in different days or different years. The rate of change of the contacts of each individual from one day to the next is also similar in different years. We discuss the interest of the present analysis and data sets for various fields, including in social sciences in order to better understand and model human behavior and interactions in different contexts, and in epidemiology in order to inform models describing the spread of infectious diseases and design targeted containment strategies.

Adaptive E-learning using Deterministic Finite Automata

Adaptive E-learning refers to adapt the way of presentation of educational material according to the student’s needs. Understanding ability differs by student to student so the learning path should vary according to their understanding ability. Some students may understand by once some may needs more with different way. This paper represents a same topic with various approaches to the different classes of students with different understanding ability. The proposed approach in this paper is based on two concepts Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA) and Case Based Study (CBS), out of which DFA used for providing adaptive nature and shows the state transition according to their performance. Path of leaning varies with different student for a particular topic, this feature used to provide adaptively nature in E-learning. CBS used for providing study material based on the state. CBS uses case library to decide the study material. General Terms E-learning

Establishing Group Autonomy through Self-Access Center Learning Experiences

In this article, I argue that a self-access center (SAC) should be able to foster group autonomy, although SACs were originally developed for individually autonomous L2 learning experiences—i.e., each student studying L2 on his or her own. Along with offering learning materials and chances for individual self-study, a SAC should provide opportunities for building and maintaining a learner community. The data obtained by a narrative frame and subsequent e-mail correspondence demonstrated that active users often come to SACs to do homework and prepare for classes. They are happy to work together and have opportunities to make friends with students in different classes and in different year groups—i.e., mutual peer support is vital. Fun activities for establishing rapport and boosting L2 learning motivation are worth implementing. Learner autonomy ultimately involves interdependence between learners in a well-functioning learner community, and for this purpose a SAC can and should be a physical space where students can comfortably spend time and interact with other students, as well as with counselors and teachers.

Student perceptions of pedagogy and associated persistence in calculus

There is a clear need to increase student persistence in Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics (STEM). Prior analyses have shown that students who change their Calculus II intention (a proxy for STEM intention) report being less engaged during class than students who persist onto Calculus II. This led us to ask: Are these students in different classes, or are they in the same classes but experiencing them differently? We present descriptive and univariate analyses of the relationship of calculus persistence to student demographics, background characteristics, and reported instruction for 1,684 STEM intending students and 330 non-STEM intending students enrolled in introductory calculus in Fall 2010 in the United States. We then develop regression models that control for the group effect of course enrollment to understand how perceiving low levels of various pedagogical activities within a class is associated with calculus persistence. These analyses show that different student perceptions of the frequency of a number of pedagogical activities, and thus different ways of experiencing the same class, are related to students’ decision to continue studying calculus. Specifically, among initially STEM intending students, there was a relationship between persistence and the perceived frequency of the instructor showing students how to work specific problems, preparing extra material to help students understand calculus concepts or procedures, holding a whole-class discussion, and requiring students to explain their thinking on exams. Among initially non-STEM intending students, there was a relationship between persistence and the perceived frequency of being required to explain thinking during class.