Development Of Theory Research Articles

The Comments on Ezra Pound

As one of the representatives of Western literary theories, Ezra Pound not only made outstanding contributions to the development of the Western translation theory, but also promoted the communication between Chinese and Western poetics. His translation practice is rich and far-reaching. He also proposes the creative translation method. For example, Pound’s translation of ancient Chinese poetry can show remarkable creativity. Therefore, after sorting out relevant materials, this paper gives a brief introduction to him, his translation theories and translation practices, and also concludes his translation thoughts and his immense influence on the translation field, aiming to provide case references for translators to study and enrich their understanding of the representative figures of the Western literary theory.

Integrating Research, Theory and Knowledge for Professional Development: A Narrative Inquiry

This personal narrative in qualitative research investigation delves into the impact of reflection on the personal and professional growth of educators. Critical reflection emerges as a pivotal concept that educators assimilate into their daily practices. Despite ongoing discussions about its essential nature, the role of critically reading and reflecting on theories and research in preparing teachers within South Asian pedagogy remains uncertain. This article adopts a cross-case study approach, incorporating a personal narrative from an educator to explore critical reflection in community development. The researcher critically analyzes two scholarly articles from distinct journals, grounded in the belief that theory and knowledge evolve through simultaneous research and reflection. The study’s findings underscore the importance of reflection in enhancing teachers’ awareness of personal and professional growth, contributing to advanced community knowledge. Improving professional knowledge through research is a key outcome, enabling educators to optimize theory and knowledge for locally relevant, high-quality scholarship.

Critical analysis of the subspecialty Stroke Medicine Curriculum: Social and political influences on its design and professionalism.

The curriculum comprises all learners' learning experiences that enable them to achieve specific learning outcomes. The Subspeciality Stroke Medicine Curriculum is designed to train doctors in Stroke Medicine as specialists capable of providing holistic healthcare in preventing, treating and rehabilitating stroke through achieving the desired competencies. This article discusses the influence of factors like the development of learning theory, the democratisation of social process, public demand for accountability and transparency, political imperatives, economic factors and professional standards set by professional bodies on curriculum design. The curriculum focuses on an outcome-based educational approach, workplace-based assessment with formative feedback to promote learning, summative evidence for knowledge, skills and attitudes and greater integration to make learning closer to actual practice. This outcome-based, integrated approach is approved by regulating bodies as positively impacting doctors' training and, consequently, the health of individual patients and society.

Vibroscope method for determination of cross-sectional area of glass and carbon fibres – Theory and further development

Accurate determination of cross-sectional area of glass and carbon fibres by the vibroscope method is examined. Complete derivations of the central frequency solutions are presented, to make these derivations accessible in modern scientific literature. The effect of non-zero bending stiffness is included. The influence of shape of fibre cross-sectional area is analysed. Only small deviations in cross-sectional areas are found due to fibre shape, allowing for the use of the vibroscope method for fibres with non-circular cross-sectional areas. Two correction factors are introduced for the effect of volume change and area change of a tensioned fibre, allowing determination of the cross-sectional area of the non-tensioned fibre. A model plot of the vibroscope equation is presented, showing the numerical effect of the corrections on the fibre cross-sectional area depending on the applied tension force. The relations shown by the model plot have implications for the experimental settings of the vibroscope method.

Factors Leading Young Christian Adults to Elope in the Anglican Church of Kenya, Taveta East Archdeaconry

This study sought to establish factors leading young Christian adults to the practice of eloping among youth in the Anglican Church, Taveta East Archdeaconry. It was guided by the Human Psychosocial Development Theory, Ecological Model Theory, and Moral Development Theory. It adopted a descriptive research design. The target population was eloping aged 20 - 40 years, 5 clergies, and 61 parents. The study used a purposive sampling method. The study’s sample size was 176. Face-to-face interviews were used for the clergy. Focus group discussions were used for the parents. The questionnaires' accuracy and reliability were verified by the inter-rater method. The analyses made use of the statistical package for social sciences version 28. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, mean, and percentages. Qualitative data was organized into themes for analysis. The study findings include; factors such as; peer influence, financial difficulties in a family, little guidance and counseling in church; parents’ support for eloping practice; phone; youth failing to embrace the Christian faith, which contribute to the practice of eloping among the Christian youth in Taveta East Archdeaconry. Language barrier posed a challenge to some respondents. Some were more conversant with Kiswahili than English prompting the translation of questionnaires from English to Kiswahili. Questionnaires require more time to reach the respondents, filling and returning them. This was solved by early communication to clergy and timely distribution. The number of respondents per focus group in some parishes was less than expected. This was solved by increasing the number of respondents in another station.

The Challenges in Adopting Electric Buses: A Case from Melaka, Malaysia

The Malaysian government has initiated a collaboration with private agencies to expand the green transport ecosystem by introducing electric buses. Despite these efforts, the adoption of electric buses in urban areas remains minimal. This paper addresses two research objectives: (a) to identify the challenges in adopting electric buses, and (b) to recommend improvements for adopting electric buses in Malaysia. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, this study aims to capture the experiences and reflections of interviewees through targeted population or place studies. This approach allows for the collection of detailed information and the development of new concepts and theories. The interviews revealed three main barriers to adopting electric buses in Melaka: battery reliability and durability, a lack of charging infrastructure, and insufficient operational knowledge. The paper suggests that the government and policymakers should take proactive measures to promote green technology and increase the acceptance of electric buses in urban areas through awareness campaigns.

Innovating Thought: Theorizing Metacognition

The present article explores how the concept of metacognition has evolved, from its philosophical origins to current interdisciplinary applications. The paper transversally traces, how metacognitive theories have been integrated by various fields. First of all, is emphasized the progressive character of the development of the metacognitive theory; second, the features that establish it as an independent theory are highlighted. Finally, the article explores current and future concerns, trends and directions in research. Thus, the following discourse exploratively investigates how metacognition with its ancient history on ‘’thinking about thinking’’, have been innovated by various current scientific fields.

Strategic priorities of regional economic development in the context of regulating non-monetary factors of inflation

A vast array of research works concentrates on such aspects of inflation processes as their essence, development factors, anti-inflationary regulation, etc., but precious few of them attempt to identify the factors of inflation in the strategic priorities of regional development. At the same time, economics and state policy at both national and regional levels recognise the significant effect of inflation on economic development. The paper deals with non-monetary factors of inflation in regions and develops a path for formulating regional policy on their regulation. The theories of regional economic development and inflation constitute the methodological framework of the study. The research methods include systematization, functional and comparative analysis, deduction. We identify the provisions of the socio-economic development strategies of the Ural macroregion’s member territories relating to the regulation of non-monetary factors in the development of inflationary processes. The identified aspects of inflation reflect the impact of its non-monetary factors on regional economic development and require anti-inflationary policy to be coupled with the areas of activity of regional authorities. We present a conceptual-logical model for framing regional policy on regulating non-monetary factors of inflation in an RF subject specifying the strategic priorities of economic development that influence regional factors of inflation. The model demonstrates that it is the state programmes of Russia’s constituent entities that are the main tool for regulating non-monetary factors of inflation in the regional government system. It coordinates price regulation measures in the regions with the goals and objectives of policy aimed at developing their economies. The findings contribute to the understanding of regional inflation factors and can be used by regional authorities when executing socio-economic development strategies.

Exploring the Cultural Dimensions of Translation: A Critical Analysis of Snell-Hornby's Approach

This paper analyzes Mary Snell-Hornby's seminal theoretical framework for understanding translation as an inherently cultural process. Snell-Hornby was pioneering in establishing that translation requires navigating differences in worldviews and cultural competence. Key concepts explored are culture-bound language elements, the role of expertise, and translation studies' interdisciplinarity. Practical linguistic and textual challenges posed by cultural variation are examined, along with proposed strategies for references and idioms. Case studies reveal cultural influences on translation processes and outcomes. A critical evaluation identifies strengths like emphasizing culture's centrality, and limitations addressed in later frameworks. Potential areas for further research building on Snell-Hornby's foundations are identifying, such as localized case studies, evolving digital implications, and refinement of guidance. Overall, Snell-Hornby established culture as integral to conceptualizing translation's complexities, with implications for both theory development and stewardship of cross-cultural exchange.

Сто лет развития культурно-исторической психологии: вехи и направления

<p>The article gives a brief overview of the emergence and development of the cultural-historical theory of higher psychological functions over the century after it was created. Lev Vygotsky began the development of his theory with the study of the instrumental function of “cultural signs” (primarily words) and therefore he gave it the name “instrumental psychology”. The formation of human personality was understood by Vygotsky as the “ingrowing” of social relations into the individual mind and the conscious “mastery of the self”, its psychological functions and affects, by means of signs and basing on concepts. The authors of the article point out the main milestones in the development of cultural-historical psychology, briefly characterise its key concepts, methods and the most important tendencies of its development, up to its most recent trends in Russia, which have already emerged in the 20th century.</p>

Uwarunkowania rozwoju w okresie dzieciństwa w perspektywie edukacji integralnej

Introduction: The childhood period is characterised not only by robust quantitative and qualitative developmental dynamics, but also by significant vulnerability to disintegrating factors. Research Aim: The aim of this paper was to present an “intellectual tool” for an integral understanding of development (the cognitive aspect) and its stimulation (the practical aspect) during childhood, while identifying opportunities and risks associated with this stage of life. Evidence-based Facts: The text presents an intellectual tool – Ken Wilber’s 4 quadrants model. It can be used to recognise the area of disintegration in the upbringing process (the cognitive aspect), but also to design integrative activities (the practical aspect). The authors discuss the problems of coherence between interior-oriented and exterior-oriented, as well as between individual-oriented and community-oriented approaches to an individual. Furthermore, they present the problematic of integrating civilisation and nature, culturalism and naturalism, direct and mediated experience, and inner and outer consciousness. Summary: The presented article analyses issues related to one of the strategies included in the integral approach: the strategy of coherence. More broadly, it should be supported by a strategy of accessibility based on knowledge of theories of human development. These theories distinguish stages of development characterised by different increasingly complex competencies in terms of grasping reality.

Effects of the social environment on movement-integrated habitat selection

BackgroundMovement links the distribution of habitats with the social environment of animals using those habitats. Despite the links between movement, habitat selection, and socioecology, their integration remains a challenge due to lack of shared vocabulary across fields, methodological gaps, and the implicit (rather than explicit) historical development of theory in the fields of social and spatial ecology. Given these challenges can be addressed, opportunity for further study will provide insight about the links between social, spatial, and movement ecology. Here, our objective was to disentangle the roles of habitat selection and social association as drivers of movement in caribou (Rangifer tarandus).MethodsTo accomplish our objective, we modelled the relationship between collective movement and selection of foraging habitats using socially informed integrated step selection function (iSSF). Using iSSF, we modelled the effect of social processes, i.e., nearest neighbour distance and social preference, and movement behaviour on patterns of habitat selection.ResultsBy unifying social network analysis with iSSF, we identified movement-dependent social association, where individuals took shorter steps in lichen habitat and foraged in close proximity to more familiar individuals.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that social preference is context-dependent based on habitat selection and foraging behaviour. We therefore surmise that habitat selection and social association are drivers of collective movement, such that movement is the glue between habitat selection and social association. Here, we put these concepts into practice to demonstrate that movement is the glue connecting individual habitat selection to the social environment.

A world agenda? How was universal primary education selected as a UN Millennium Development Goal?

ABSTRACT Between 2000 and 2015, the eight UN Millennium Development Goals were central to the UN agenda, forming a blueprint for development. However, the manner in which multilateral agencies establish such global priorities is not well understood. The article analyses how and why universal primary education was selected as a Millennium Development Goal. It shows the historical momentum of MDG2 among competing priorities in a contested policy space and how policy entrepreneurs skilfully managed and navigated the process. Developing country voices, on the other hand, were virtually absent from influential decision-making forums. A unique contribution of the research is interviews with MDG policy entrepreneurs, to improve understanding of what would otherwise remain hidden aspects of the process and to aid theory testing and development.

Developing the attentive brain. Contribution of cognitive neuroscience to a theory of attentional development

Attention is a fundamental cognitive mechanism that primarily functions to regulate and organize the flow of perceptions and actions shaping our mental life. Early cognitive models have highlighted aspects of sustained, selective, and executive control as essential components of attention. These three broad aspects can be further subdivided into subordinate operations, depending on whether the particular function is mostly driven by external stimulation (bottom-up attention) or relies on endogenous processes such as voluntary intentions or expectations (top-down attention). After several decades of cognitive neuroscience research, these different functions have been associated with specific circuits of brain regions. Based on the cognitive neuroscience framework, this paper presents a theory of attention development and discusses behavioral and brain evidence regarding the development of attention function during the first years of life.

The Influence of Organizational Culture Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment as a Mediation Variable

<p><em>In the era of globalization and increasingly tight business competition, employee performance is the key to company success. A positive organizational culture and transformational leadership style can influence employee motivation, productivity and commitment, which in turn improves organizational performance. This research investigates the influence of organizational culture and transformational leadership style on employee performance with organizational commitment as a mediating variable. Quantitative research methods were carried out on 100 employees at PT. Pratama Abadi Industri JX. The results of path analysis show that organizational culture and transformational leadership style have a significant effect on employee performance, with organizational commitment as a mediator. This research contributes to the development of human resource management theory and practice by highlighting the importance of organizational culture and leadership style in improving employee performance.</em></p>

Deliberate metaphor (use) in translation and interpreting

Abstract This article responds to the latest theoretical and empirical developments in Deliberate Metaphor Theory (DMT) and explores the extension of deliberate metaphor and its use in translation and interpreting. Grounded on a comprehension-based and a production-based perspective of Deliberate Metaphor Theory, I argue that both deliberate metaphor and deliberate metaphor use are valid theoretical constructs for translation and interpreting research. I then discuss some pending issues in researching deliberate metaphor (use) in translation and interpreting.

From passion to knowledge

AbstractIn this paper, I aim to situate the practical agency of the sage in an overall picture of the development of the Plotinian moral agent. This development can be seen as a gradual transition from external to internal principles of action guidance which endow the agent with autonomy and coherence in her practical actions. The transition from external to internal principles corresponds to a changing relationship between the agent's telos and particular actions. Non-virtuous agents aim at the attainment of an object of desire, while the civically virtuous person aims to perform virtuous actions irrespectively of the achievement of particular objects of desire. Finally, the telos of the sage is the contemplation of forms and she acts practically as a consequence and external activity of having achieved her goal. The analysis of Plotinus' theory of moral development shows that the sage's inward turn and detachment from external circumstances do not involve inactivity in the practical sphere but figure as a necessary condition of her making an active contribution to the order of the sensible world through her actions as opposed to passively responding to external circumstances.

Enhanced deep-water circulation facilitated rare earth elements enrichment in pelagic sediments from the northwestern Pacific Ocean

The lack of knowledge about the enrichment mechanism of rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in deep-sea sediments is impeding the development of theories and exploration strategies for pelagic REY-rich sediments. Ocean circulation variability seems to be crucial in enriching REY in pelagic sediments, which, however, has not been extensively studied. Here, we examined the Pb-Nd isotopic signals of bottom water recorded by the authigenic ferromanganese oxyhydroxide fractions, as well as the Mn/Al and Mn/Ti ratios of bulk samples from a well-dated sediment core in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. These proxies consistently indicate that enhanced deep-water circulation occurred in the study area at ∼11.5–9.5 Ma, which was most likely to be caused by changes in the flow path of bottom currents. The age of this distinct event consists with the forming age of highly REY-rich sediments. We propose that enhanced deep-water circulation in seamount areas could increase the flux of micronodules and fish debris into the pelagic sediments, facilitating the scavenging of REY from seawater. Our findings establish a connection between enhanced deep-water circulation and the enrichment of REY in pelagic sediments.

Multi-task oriented team formation in online collaborative learning

Rational and personalized team formation can greatly enhance the efficiency of online collaborative learning. However, in the process of forming learning teams and completing learning tasks, online synchronous communication among team members is often overlooked, and the abilities of team members may change during task execution, which may have an effect on the completion of team tasks. To address these problems, this paper comprehensively considers the impact of learners’ online time and skill levels on team formation. We quantify the potential development space of learners’ skills and design optimization objectives accordingly based on the Zone of Proximal Development theory. Additionally, we propose a Near-Informer deep learning model to predict learners’ future online states, aiming to measure communication efficiency. Then, we propose a multi-task oriented multi-objective optimization team formation problem, and transform it into a single-objective one by using weighted aggregation of all objectives. After that, we present a Three-dimensional Monte Carlo Tree Search algorithm (TDMCTS). The experiments are conducted based on two real datasets. Compared with the baselines, our Near-informer model achieved the highest number of optimal predictions, with 22 out of 32. Besides, TDMCTS algorithm achieved more comprehensive team formation results, with average skill satisfaction degrees of 99.8% and 98.9% on two task sets, respectively, while satisfying the task requirements.

When ethnic minorities hit the headlines: The longitudinal associations between news features and adolescents' ethnic prejudice.

Ethnic prejudice poses great challenges to adolescents' adjustment to multicultural societies. However, little is known about the role of the media in influencing attitudes in adolescence. Combining information environment and ecological development theories, the current study examined the longitudinal associations between the quantity, valence (i.e., neutral, positive, and negative), and target (i.e., migrant, refugee, and foreigner) of the news about ethnic minority groups and youth's affective and cognitive prejudice. In total, 962 adolescents (Mage = 15.67, 48.13% females) completed questionnaires at two time points, and news data were gathered from a national newspaper. While news quantity did not matter, positive and negative news were respectively associated with reduced and increased levels of cognitive, but not affective, prejudice. Nuanced associations emerged when accounting for the news target. Results were replicated regardless of adolescents' direct consumption of newspapers. These findings highlight the role of the information environment and suggest the need to account for it in planning interventions.