Development Of Transport Infrastructure Research Articles

Relativizacija konflikata na području Svetske baštine UNESCO - slučaj manastira Studenica, Srbija

Conflicts in space encountered by participants in the development of spatial plans for special purpose areas of cultural or natural assets are numerous, and the most significant are between protection and development. The relativization of the conflict implies the harmonization, neutralization or minimization of mutually opposing interests and goals in that area. This paper investigates conflicts in the area of the Studenica monastery, a cultural property inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1986, as well as in the area of the cultural landscape that surrounds it. In this particular case, conflicts were identified between the protection of cultural heritage on the one hand and the development of transport infrastructure, water management and the exploitation of mineral resources on the other. The task of spatial planning, as carried out for special purpose areas, is the relativization of conflicting interests in space. This paper shows that in relation to conflicting interests in the area of a world heritage site, not everything is contingent on the creation of spatial plans of special purpose areas, but rather on their realization, monitoring and evaluation, as well as on the corresponding capacities in general. The aim of the research presented in this paper is to point out the importance of spatial planning in the relativization of conflicting interests and goals using the example of the world heritage site planning of the Studenica monastery.

Transport infrastructure in the system of environmental projects for sustainable development of the region

The purpose of the work is to analyze national and federal projects of the Russian Federation in the field of ecology, transport infrastructure, assess the degree of their implementation and identify factors affecting the effectiveness of project activities. The article analyzes the main aspects of project management in the system of transport infrastructure development, control and monitoring of planned activities. This will reveal the degree to which the final goals of the projects have been achieved, taking into account the transport component in the region’s system. One of the most pressing topics in the modern world is the environmental problem, which has a serious impact on the economy of the state and the life of society. The negative consequences of economic growth have necessitated the formation of a concept of sustainable development and the development of Sustainable Development Goals within its framework, the achievement of which is carried out through the development and implementation of environmental projects. Using a systematic approach, considering the totality of national, federal and regional environmental projects as a single and integrated system, allowed us to achieve our goal. As a result of the conducted research, projects of the Russian Federation in the field of ecology at the national and federal levels were identified, projects were linked to the Goals of sustainable development, development of transport infrastructure, an analysis of the implementation of project indicators was carried out, the reasons for the deviation of indicators from the set values were identified, the dynamics of environmental ratings of the leading regions over two years was considered. The practical and theoretical significance of the study lies in identifying the factors influencing the success of project activities in the field of ecology, taking into account transport infrastructure and the possibility of predicting the results of project implementation in the future.

Modern Trends in the Design of Tourist Complexes in the Murmansk Region

The purpose of the study is to identify the main types of tourism of the tourist and recreational cluster of the Murmansk region, to consider the main factors influencing the formation of the direction of tourism infrastructure and to identify problems in the field of tourism development of the Kola Peninsula. Based on a comparison of functional blocks, the article examines approaches to the design of Arctic tourism complexes using the example of the northern parts of Scandinavian countries with similar climatic conditions of the Murmansk region. Identification of the features of Arctic territories that have characteristic natural, climatic and social features that influence the development of the tourism sector. Sub-clusters of the Murmansk region are characterized in terms of developing types of tourism, the number of accommodation facilities, and statistical data on tourist flows. The development of transport infrastructure, which plays a major role in the development of tourism on the Kola Peninsula, is considered. As part of the study, the largest and most popular tourist complexes in the Murmansk region were identified and analyzed.

Оценка моментов прибытия городского общественного транспорта на остановочные пункты

The problem of determining the arrival moments arrival of vehicles (V) at stopping points (SP) based on navigation data on the position and speed of movement has been considered. The precise definition of these points is key to obtaining an up-to-date matrix of interstop correspondence, which is necessary for planning the development of urban transport infrastructure. The development of algorithms for determining the time of arrival of T at the SP in real time has been analyzed. The authors have described the main drawback of the presented algorithms during failures of navigation systems. A method has been developed for estimating the arrival moments of T at the SP based on historical navigation data and up-to-date data on the position and speed of the vehicle both before and after arrival. The method takes into account possible failures in data transmission: it leads to the fact that there may be several SP between two known sequential positions of T. A rigorous theoretical and probabilistic justification of the developed method has been given and its advantages and limitations have been considered. In particular, the issue of the specifics of its validation and calibration has been discussed in detail. The results of the work can be useful for the management and planning of the development of the transport system.

Пространственная организация рынков продукции топливно-энергетического комплекса России

The article analyzes the markets of fuel and energy complex products in Russia, i.e. of oil, natural gas, coal, electricity, and heating energy. Among the emphasized features of the markets of fuel and energy complex products are the manifold of regulatory influences, the dependence of geographical boundaries of the markets on the development of the corresponding infrastructure, the presence of vertical and horizontal integration, the high dependence of the national markets of the complex products on the corresponding world markets. The combination of the described features on each of the markets of fuel and energy complex products forms a variety of conditions for their functioning within the boundaries of the national economy, which sets the direction of commodity flows and determines the development of the relevant transport infrastructure, which, in turn, are manifested in the spatial organization of product markets (their geographical segmentation). The research algorithm consisted of the analysis of sectoral markets based on the following parameters: properties of energy as a commodity, resource base, characteristics of producers, consumption structure, infrastructure development, and institutional conditions. Based on the combination of parameters, segments were identified for each of the fuel and energy complex product markets. The oil, natural gas, coal and heating market have two segments each: western and eastern. In the coal market, the eastern segment itself has two segments: eastern coastal and eastern mainland. The electricity market has three segments: western, eastern and northeastern. The analysis allows us to identify the western and eastern segments in each of the fuel and energy complex product markets, which are diametrically different in their characteristics. The stability of the distribution of the country’s territories by segments suggests the presence of invariants determined by the parameters of physical space, the effect of which is weakly susceptible to regulatory influences

Research on the Characteristics and Evaluation Metrics of Green Highway Corridors

This paper reviews the key characteristics and the progress of research on the evaluation metrics for green highway corridors. Initially, it defines the concept of green highway corridors. Subsequently, the paper thoroughly discusses the multidimensional metrics used to evaluate the success of these corridors. Finally, it suggests recommendations for optimizing the design and evaluation methods of green highway corridors. This review aims to serve as a reference for researchers in the fields of highway engineering and environmental science, and to promote the development of green transportation infrastructure.

Development of an algorithm for the operation of railway station infrastructure in unconventional situations

The expansion of intelligent transport systems is a notable trend in the current stage of transport infrastructure development. The use of intelligent transport systems will enhance the quality of transport process management and ensure strict compliance with safety requirements in the transportation process. The Russian Federation’s transport strategy up to 2030 envisages the development of intelligent transport systems, which is one of the directions for forming a unified transport space in Russia based on balanced development of an efficient transport infrastructure. The introduction of innovative informational and educational technologies is one of the promising and relevant issues in the context of the digital transformation of the transport complex. The situational information and training model developed in this study will enable operational management personnel to minimize the time required to find the necessary route, prepare it, and reduce or completely avoid train delays at entry signals, thereby enhancing train traffic safety. This article presents an algorithm of measures that will enable the development of specific practical solutions for improving the technology of railway station operations in the event of failures in existing railway automation and telemechanics systems. The use of a situational information and training model “Management of switches in the route” in conjunction with the developed “Route Tables” adapted for various extra-class railway stations will allow eliminating errors made by station duty officers when preparing routes and reducing the time spent on these operations..

Has the Development of Inter-Provincial Transportation Infrastructure Improved the Construction of China’s Unified Market?

With the implementation of regional development policies in recent years, transportation infrastructure has greatly promoted regional economic development, but what impact it has on the construction of market integration in the local and surrounding regions has not been specifically answered. Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2010 to 2021, this paper uses the spatial panel method to study the impact of transportation infrastructure development and the construction of national unified market and its spatial spillover effects. The empirical results show that there is significant spatial auto-correlation between inter-provincial transport infrastructure and market integration. Railway density plays a greater role in promoting the national unified market. The government expenditure and foreign direct investment play a positive role in promoting the construction of a unified national market, while the dependence of foreign trade inhibits the development of market integration. In the analysis of spatial spillover effects, the direct effect of railway density is significantly higher than that of highway. The government should strengthen the quality and efficiency of railway transportation, promote the scale of foreign direct investment of enterprises, and actively promote the construction of national unified market.

ЕКОНОМІКО-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

The modern conditions in which the cities of Ukraine find themselves dictate new conditions for the development and functioning of public transport infrastructure, which is primarily due to the challenges of martial law, threats of constant shelling by the enemy, and increased safety requirements for passengers. However, the problems of loading city transport networks have not receded into the background, but have become even more acute. Therefore, the substantiation of organizational and economic tools that will change approaches to the effective functioning and development of public transport in the conditions of martial law requires serious research. The article defines the economic importance of public transport and defines its key prospects for citizens and the entire city. Public transport is a socially important service that is usually provided or simply controlled by the state. Socio-economic indicators, which depend on the developed infrastructure of public transport, are substantiated. A model for optimizing routes and entire public transport networks is proposed. Optimal models of public transport system functioning under martial law are analyzed. The criteria of the public transport optimization project have been determined: existing transport, transport demand, the desired transport model of the city, data on passenger flows for calibration and the desired optimization criteria. Conflicting reasons for residents' choice of individual transport rather than public transport have been studied. Comfortable and profitable tools for passengers using public transport are offered. The European experience and standards of public transport infrastructure functioning of European countries are systematized. The experience of European countries shows that in order to optimize public transport routes, specialists create special transport models that reflect the current or projected future demand for transport. On the basis of the conducted research, the main directions of the development of public transport in Ukrainian cities in the conditions of martial law are proposed.

Development of service infrastructure for private motor boats in the northern regions

This article examines the current trends in the development of infrastructure for the maintenance and repair of private motor boats in the northern regions (on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)). A survey of motor boat owners in three different groups was conducted. The survey data provide data on the most relevant areas of infrastructure development for the maintenance and repair of private motor boats in the region. Results of the study of current trends in the development of infrastructure for maintenance and Repair of private motor boats can be used for the development of programs for the development of water transport infrastructure, by manufacturers of motor boats, as well as in conducting new research in this area.

Agent-based Model for Predictive Assessment of the Migration Flows Dynamics in Municipal areas of the Bashkortostan Republic depending on Changes in the Population Life Quality

Favorable demographic and migration situation in the region contributes to its economic prosperity, since qualified personnel are necessary for successful development of the production potential of the territory. The migration attractiveness of the territory is determined by the population life quality, which implies not only high incomes of citizens, but also the development of transport and social infrastructure, accessibility of educational and medical services, favorable climate and environmental conditions, availability of jobs. The article describes the mathematical apparatus for calculating the integral indicator of the population life quality. To support decision-making on managing migration processes, an agent-oriented model is proposed that allows predicting the intensity of migration flows in the municipal districts of the Bashkortostan Republic depending on changes in the population life quality. Algorithms for choosing a place of residence and placement of production facilities for the agents "Resident" and "Enterprise" are described in detail. The output data of the model are forecasts of changes in the satisfaction of residents of the territory with the life quality, the number of migrants in the municipal district, the level of economic development of enterprises. Based on the current Federal Program “Integrated Development of Single-Industry Towns”, scenario experiments were conducted, which made it possible to predict the indicators of migration growth of the territories of the Republic of Bashkortostan involved in the implementation of the program.

Exploring institutional drivers and barriers for green ESG strategies performance in Russian regions

Stakeholders are interested in creating an institutional environment in regions that promotes green economic growth. However, the increased risks of failing to achieve sustainable development goals are shifting stakeholders’ focus towards strategic evidence-based and data- driven approaches to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) strategies. This article aims to identify the drivers and barriers to green ESG strategies in Russian regions. Using regression analysis, institutional factors affecting the green index, calculated based on national sustainable development indicators, were identified. The green index proposed by the author includes indicators of water quality, green urbanization, and local climate impact. The results showed that the drivers of effective green ESG strategies are environmental investments, activities of small and medium- sized enterprises in the region, high-quality urbanization, and the development of public transportation infrastructure. Barriers to green performance include regional unemployment and a low level of health capital, reflected through mortality from cardiovascular diseases and cancers. The findings of this study can be used for green monitoring of the effectiveness of regional ESG strategies.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМ

This article conducts a study of the prospects for the development of information transport systems, the purpose of which is to study existing technologies for monitoring traffic flows to improve the safety and efficiency of road traffic. The article discusses existing methods for collecting and processing data on traffic flows, as well as the impact of monitoring on traffic safety. The objective of the study is to determine the most progressive and effective monitoring technologies and the practice of their application. The article also analyzes the results of using an intelligent transport system in the city of Belgorod and its impact on reducing accident rates. The findings indicate the importance of developing further research in the field of monitoring to optimize the city's transport system and infrastructure development.

Transformation of the multilevel system of transport infrastructure project management

The article is devoted to the development of theoretical and methodological provisions aimed at systemic transformation of the organization of a multi-level system of project management of transport infrastructure. The authors propose to use the method of multi-parametric assessment for groups of projects aimed at the development of transport infrastructure based on economic and environmental indicators, including determining the level of efficiency of the socio-innovative potential of transport, taking into account the degree of possible risks. The significance of the practical component of the study is to determine a set of conditions for the possible practical use of the methodology for managing groups of projects in the field of transport infrastructure considering the effectiveness of the implementation of the tasks and goals laid down in them. The method of organization of project management makes it possible to optimize the number of unrealized groups of projects in a multiple way, to carry out the procedure of ordering and multifactorial selection in the context of each hierarchical management level. The reliability of the results obtained was confirmed by the implementation of projects in the field of transport in Moscow, as well as the use of various mathematical methods.

Моделирование объемов отправлений городского общественного транспорта

Organizing the effective operation of urban public transport and planning the development of transport infrastructure requires predicting the volume of passenger traffic. In particular, it needs to predict the volume of passenger departures from stopping points, which depends on a large number of different factors, such as the population density near the stopping point, the types of transport departing from it, the number of routes passing through it, etc. In this article, we propose modeling outgoing passenger traffic based on a regression approach. To test the approach and determine the most appropriate specifications for regression equations, data on passenger boarding volumes at bus stops in Ekaterinburg, as well as open data from the database of apartment buildings, were used.

Features of development of a digital twin of the transport system of an urban area using simulation modeling methods

The relevance of the study is justified by the growing share of urban population and their active use of personal automobile and public transportation. All this increases the mobility of the population and requires the development of transportation infrastructure in the established urban development. Solving such problems requires the development of models that simulate all aspects of the real object of the transportation system. With their help it is possible to conduct experiments on changing individual characteristics of the system in order to assess its response to control actions. The object of the study is Pervomayskaya Street at its intersection with the Tretya Parkovaya Street in the Izmailovo district of the Eastern Administrative District of Moscow. The article presents the stages of simulation model creation and their corresponding results in the form of models characterizing traffic flows, system objects and their behavior.

АНАЛИЗ И УРОВЕНЬ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ ОРЕНБУРГСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

In the new realities, one of the key factors in the development of regions is an effectively functioning infrastructure, which is an element of their life support and ultimately determines the quality of life of the population. Transport is the most important element of the region's infrastructure, therefore, the formation of transport infrastructure is a key area for improving the efficiency of public production. It contributes to the development of the regions by providing high-quality transport services in order to ensure the connectivity of the economic space. In this article, the analysis and the level of transport infrastructure were carried out in two stages. To study the level of transport infrastructure of the Orenburg region, at the first stage, the classification of municipalities of the Orenburg region according to selected indicators was implemented. As a result of the cluster analysis, 4 groups (classes) of municipalities of the Orenburg region were identified, similar in terms of the level of development of transport infrastructure in the region. At the second stage of the study of the level of development of the transport infrastructure of the region, an integral indicator of the level of transport infrastructure was built using expert information presented in the form of a matrix of paired comparisons of objects. As a result, the municipalities of the Orenburg region were ranked from the best to the worst in terms of an integral indicator of the level of development of transport infrastructure in the Orenburg region constructed by the expert statistical method. A relatively higher level of transport infrastructure is observed in municipalities: Orenburg, Adamovsky municipal district, Kuvandyk, Orenburg municipal district. Buzuluk, Mednogorsk, Buguruslan, BUT the village of Komarovsky were among the five municipalities characterized by a relatively low level of transport infrastructure in the region.

Carbon unlocking efficiency study based on super-efficiency SBM-Malmquist

Carbon Neutrality goals and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as new requirements for global development at this stage, have raised higher requirements for achieving the coordination of economic efficiency and ecological development of transportation infrastructure, especially highways. To promote the achievement of Carbon neutrality goals and SDGs, this research intends to study the effect of highways on the efficiency of carbon unlocking in each province. In this paper, we take China as an example, use the data of 18 listed highway companies and their provinces from 2010–2021 to conduct the study, measure the static carbon unlocking efficiency by using the super-efficiency SBM model with undesirable outputs, combine with the Malmquist index model for the decomposition of the efficiency and the dynamic analysis, and use the Tobit regression model to analyze the factors affecting the carbon unlocking efficiency. The results show that (1) From a static perspective, the carbon unlocking efficiency shows a steady upward trend, and the carbon unlocking efficiency has been in a state of low efficiency in general, with obvious regional differences. (2) From a dynamic perspective, carbon unlocking efficiency changes are relatively flat, and the carbon unlocking efficiency change index is in the rising stage, relying on technical efficiency can effectively improve the level of carbon unlocking efficiency. (3) The regional economic level, industrial structure, and urbanization level have a significant positive correlation with carbon unlocking efficiency, while the level of scientific and technological development and the level of opening up have a negative effect.

Methods of modeling correspondence of freight container transportation based on entropy hiking

The successful solution to the problems of container road transportation management is based on the availability of an objective methodology for predicting cargo road container transportation, implemented in a complex of mathematical models. The article presents the methods of modeling correspondence of freight container transportation on the basis of an entropy campaign. This approach is usually used to predict cargo flows in complex transport systems of large cities. To solve the problems of organizing container cargo transportation, the entropy approach can be taken due to the active development of transport infrastructure in long-distance communication and the use of digital services. Keywords container road transportation, complex system, optimization algorithm, multi-criteria problem, entropy

Study of the optimal distance between electric charging stations located on highways

The study analyzes the optimal distance between electric charging stations located on highways passing between settlements in the northern regions. The analysis was carried out on the basis of a survey of electric vehicle owners on the optimal distance of the optimal distance between electric charging stations located on the roads passing between settlements in the northern regions. The data obtained reflect the optimal distance between electric filling stations, taking into account special conditions for the operation of electric vehicles in the northern regions, where in winter the temperature can drop to -40 ... -50 C°. The results of the analysis may be of interest to companies producing electric vehicles and when conducting research in the field of operation of electric vehicles in the northern regions. In addition, these studies may be of interest to developers of transport infrastructure development programs in the northern regions.