Development Of Theory Research Articles

Deliberate metaphor (use) in translation and interpreting

Abstract This article responds to the latest theoretical and empirical developments in Deliberate Metaphor Theory (DMT) and explores the extension of deliberate metaphor and its use in translation and interpreting. Grounded on a comprehension-based and a production-based perspective of Deliberate Metaphor Theory, I argue that both deliberate metaphor and deliberate metaphor use are valid theoretical constructs for translation and interpreting research. I then discuss some pending issues in researching deliberate metaphor (use) in translation and interpreting.

From passion to knowledge

AbstractIn this paper, I aim to situate the practical agency of the sage in an overall picture of the development of the Plotinian moral agent. This development can be seen as a gradual transition from external to internal principles of action guidance which endow the agent with autonomy and coherence in her practical actions. The transition from external to internal principles corresponds to a changing relationship between the agent's telos and particular actions. Non-virtuous agents aim at the attainment of an object of desire, while the civically virtuous person aims to perform virtuous actions irrespectively of the achievement of particular objects of desire. Finally, the telos of the sage is the contemplation of forms and she acts practically as a consequence and external activity of having achieved her goal. The analysis of Plotinus' theory of moral development shows that the sage's inward turn and detachment from external circumstances do not involve inactivity in the practical sphere but figure as a necessary condition of her making an active contribution to the order of the sensible world through her actions as opposed to passively responding to external circumstances.

Enhanced deep-water circulation facilitated rare earth elements enrichment in pelagic sediments from the northwestern Pacific Ocean

The lack of knowledge about the enrichment mechanism of rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in deep-sea sediments is impeding the development of theories and exploration strategies for pelagic REY-rich sediments. Ocean circulation variability seems to be crucial in enriching REY in pelagic sediments, which, however, has not been extensively studied. Here, we examined the Pb-Nd isotopic signals of bottom water recorded by the authigenic ferromanganese oxyhydroxide fractions, as well as the Mn/Al and Mn/Ti ratios of bulk samples from a well-dated sediment core in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. These proxies consistently indicate that enhanced deep-water circulation occurred in the study area at ∼11.5–9.5 Ma, which was most likely to be caused by changes in the flow path of bottom currents. The age of this distinct event consists with the forming age of highly REY-rich sediments. We propose that enhanced deep-water circulation in seamount areas could increase the flux of micronodules and fish debris into the pelagic sediments, facilitating the scavenging of REY from seawater. Our findings establish a connection between enhanced deep-water circulation and the enrichment of REY in pelagic sediments.

Multi-task oriented team formation in online collaborative learning

Rational and personalized team formation can greatly enhance the efficiency of online collaborative learning. However, in the process of forming learning teams and completing learning tasks, online synchronous communication among team members is often overlooked, and the abilities of team members may change during task execution, which may have an effect on the completion of team tasks. To address these problems, this paper comprehensively considers the impact of learners’ online time and skill levels on team formation. We quantify the potential development space of learners’ skills and design optimization objectives accordingly based on the Zone of Proximal Development theory. Additionally, we propose a Near-Informer deep learning model to predict learners’ future online states, aiming to measure communication efficiency. Then, we propose a multi-task oriented multi-objective optimization team formation problem, and transform it into a single-objective one by using weighted aggregation of all objectives. After that, we present a Three-dimensional Monte Carlo Tree Search algorithm (TDMCTS). The experiments are conducted based on two real datasets. Compared with the baselines, our Near-informer model achieved the highest number of optimal predictions, with 22 out of 32. Besides, TDMCTS algorithm achieved more comprehensive team formation results, with average skill satisfaction degrees of 99.8% and 98.9% on two task sets, respectively, while satisfying the task requirements.

When ethnic minorities hit the headlines: The longitudinal associations between news features and adolescents' ethnic prejudice.

Ethnic prejudice poses great challenges to adolescents' adjustment to multicultural societies. However, little is known about the role of the media in influencing attitudes in adolescence. Combining information environment and ecological development theories, the current study examined the longitudinal associations between the quantity, valence (i.e., neutral, positive, and negative), and target (i.e., migrant, refugee, and foreigner) of the news about ethnic minority groups and youth's affective and cognitive prejudice. In total, 962 adolescents (Mage = 15.67, 48.13% females) completed questionnaires at two time points, and news data were gathered from a national newspaper. While news quantity did not matter, positive and negative news were respectively associated with reduced and increased levels of cognitive, but not affective, prejudice. Nuanced associations emerged when accounting for the news target. Results were replicated regardless of adolescents' direct consumption of newspapers. These findings highlight the role of the information environment and suggest the need to account for it in planning interventions.

Pembuatan Komik Strip Cerita Rakyat Si Raja Tambun Sibisa

The Folktale of Si Raja Tambun is a folktale originating from Sibisa Village, Ajibata District, Toba Samosir Regency. As part of this research, a German language comic about folklore was developed on Canva media. The development theory used is Richey and Klein's development theory which is divided into three stages, namely: planning, creation and evaluation. The primary data sources in this research are interviews and observations conducted with residents and traditional leaders in Sibisa Village, Tobasa. And the secondary data sources used are archives and documents related to the history of Si Raja Tambun. This research is development research using qualitative descriptive research methods. The result of this research is that the product developed through Canva in the form of comics has been assessed by media validators and has a very good rating and is suitable as learning material.

Unveiling Character Education Practices: A Case Study of SMP IT Nur Hasan

This study examines the impact of character education programs at SMP IT Nur Hasan on the formation of religious character and student independence. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of programs such as "Sekolahku Hijau Sekolahku Sehat", "Clean Today", "Dhuha Time", extracurricular programs, and congregational prayer. The method used was a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results show that the programs significantly strengthen students' moral values, religiosity, and independence, in accordance with existing character education theories. The implications of the findings include important contributions to the development of character education theory and provide practical guidance for the implementation of effective character education programs in boarding schools. This study also identifies methodological limitations that can be addressed in future research to deepen the understanding of character education in boarding schools.

THEORIES OF FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION: EVALUATION AND EMPIRICAL RELEVANCE

Objective: The process of credits transfer is often facilitated by the financial intermediaries, including banks and non-bank institutions. his article offers an insight on the various theories of intermediation. The first scrutinises the various theoretical conceptualizations found in varied models which demonstrate the roles of intermediaries. The second offers a concise discuss on the relevance of the theories to current situation of intermediation and intermediaries in Nigeria. Method: The paper is based on theoretical reviews. The study used the approach to appraise the issues on financial intermediation and of intermediaries. Result and Discussion: The study finds that financial intermediation is fast changing as new types of economic players enter and new financial tools evolve. Moreso, that the financial markets have become more dominated by extensive intermediaries. We note that the development cryptocurrencies have largely affected the ways of intermediation, and this has effect on asset pricing theory. Implications: The theory and evidence on financial intermediation have important implications for the capital market. Originality: The study offers information related to theoretical perspectives on financial intermediation and intermediaries. The value of the paper is evidenced by the fact that it provides background on financial intermediation and intermediaries. Recommendations: The paper concludes that other means of intermediation that involve decentralised exchanged are continuously developing and this has implications for the current theory of intermediation. The study recommends the need for development of more details theory that consider the nature and effect of decentralised finance and decentralised exchange on the optimality of capital allocation.

Embracing sustainable development goals in B.Arch. design studio curriculum guideline through framework

PurposeThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were established by the UN in 2015 as an international call to action to end poverty, protect the environment, and ensure that everyone will live in peace and prosperity by the year 2030. (UNDP, 2015). Out of the 17 Goals, Goal 4 talks about “ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all.” The SDGs are essential to architectural education since buildings account for 40% of extracted materials used in construction and 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions. (Hendawy, 2023) To accomplish these objectives, the architecture curriculum must be up-to-date and efficient. It specifically takes into account the field of architecture. The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for curriculum guidelines of B.Arch. design studios, focusing on the parameter designing for inclusivity (UIA2023CPH, 2020) of SDGs.Design/methodology/approachModels, approaches and theories of curriculum development are studied. An evaluation matrix is made to evaluate different curriculum framework for government colleges on their incorporation of SDGs. A survey/questionnaire and interviews with academicians from architecture are conducted to analyze the incorporation of SDGs in design studios and find recommended solutions for its incorporation.FindingsFinally, this research paper proposes a set of Architecture curriculum guidelines based on the evaluation framework for B.Arch. and an exemplary curriculum design model for the Architecture design studio which is evaluated through the desk critique stage for analyzing its functionality and applicability.Originality/valueDespite the emphasis on SDGs in the present scenario, the “Council Of Architecture (Minimum Standards of Architecture Education in India) Regulations, 2020” does not include or mention SDGs as a key aspect (Architecture, 2020).

Overlap and Interrelations Between (Im)mobility Motivations

Scholarship in Migration Studies and Forced Migration and Refugee Studies recognizes that migration and immobility can be the result of various, mixed motivations. Empirical work and conceptualizations of forced and “lifestyle” migration consider some of this complexity. Scholarship on immobility has also examined various, mixed motives. Finally, migration theory development has recently begun to incorporate various “non-economic” motivations, mainly into frameworks originally aimed at tackling economic/labor migrations, mainly integrating force and/or environmental factors. However, efforts to conceptualize and theorize on how and why motivations overlap or are interrelated (positively or negatively) are more scant, less explicit, and less systematic. In this paper, I provide a broad systematic taxonomy of migration and immobility motivation overlap and interrelation. First, I describe the six main (im)mobility motivations discussed in the literature—namely economic, labor-related, safety-related, environmental, family-related, and related to self-fulfillment—organizing them around the degree to which they are driven by extrinsic and/or intrinsic rewards and costs. Second, I provide a general typology of possible ways in (im)mobility motivations become “alternative” to and/or concurrent with each other, and how these instances operate at individual and/or population levels. Third, I examine how the different motivations fit within three important theories of micro-level decision-making in the literature, exploring different points of overlap and interrelation between mechanisms within and across analytical perspectives. I conclude discussing the potential implications of this motivation integration.

Incivility in Nursing Education: A Concept Analysis.

Incivility in nursing education is a complex concept that is not exactly defined in nursing. The purpose of this study was to clarify the concept of incivility in nursing education in the Iranian cultural context. Concept analysis was performed based on hybrid model in three steps. In the theoretical phase, a review of studies was conducted from 2000 to 2020. During the fieldwork, 7 nursing faculty members and 9 nursing students were interviewed. The third phase included the comparison of the themes that were extracted from the two previous phases. From the 1250 titles, 45 articles were analyzed. Review of literature showed that incivility has several attributes: unconventional communication, irresponsible and disrespectful behavior. The fieldwork phase added unmanaged behavior and being contrary to academic goal. Defining the concept of incivility in nursing education refers to an unconventional, disrespectful, unmanaged behavior that is contrary to the academic goal of nursing education and results from individual differences, stress, improper application of technology, and inappropriate role models which, by creating an unsafe learning condition leads to harming the individual, organization and profession. Here, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the incivility in nursing education that can be used in instrumentation, model building, and development of theory.

Self-management in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: a concept analysis†

Abstract Objective This paper presents an analysis of the concept of patient outcomes. Methods The present study conducted searches on various databases, including Wanfang, Sinomed, CNKI, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Ovid. The paper followed the Walker and Avant concept-analysis approach. Results Initially, 899 pieces of literature were identified through the search process, and after screening, 41 of them were ultimately included in the analysis. The identified attributes of the concept included (1) capability, (2) decision making, and (3) action. These antecedents were shaped by factors such as illness perception, self-efficacy, and family and social. The consequences included (1) physiological effects, (2) psychological effects, and (3) social influence. Conclusions The concept analysis of self-management in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) not only aids in clinical practice and supports interventions, but also contributes to the development of self-management theory. The common goal of clinical medical staff is to assist DFU patients in improving cognitive ability, making correct self-management decisions, and enhancing self-management behavior.

How to Help Students Make Informed Assessments of Cognitive Load: Examining the Role of Training Interventions

ABSTRACTMeasuring cognitive load and its different types is a significant challenge that is closely related to the development of cognitive load theory (CLT). Previous research has shown that students have difficulty assessing cognitive load after learning or problem‐solving. Accordingly, they may not reliably differentiate between the different types of cognitive load. Moreover, students may not consider the entire problem‐solving process in their overall cognitive load assessment. The purpose of this work was to examine two training interventions designed to assist students in making informed cognitive load assessments. Study 1 (N = 99) included pre‐training with a theoretical introduction to CLT to improve differentiation between cognitive load types. Study 2 (N = 80) implemented post‐training by instructing students to consider all impressions during problem‐solving for the overall load assessment. As both interventions were unsuccessful, further research is needed to assist students in assessing cognitive load in an informed manner.

Research on the Development of Investment Portfolio Theory

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of portfolio theory evolution and its practical applications, tracing its development since Harry Markowitz introduced Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) in 1952. The urgency to enhance capital market efficiency, optimize asset portfolios, and effectively measure and manage risks has intensified due to the rapid transmission of risk across global financial markets. This study reviews historical advancements and recent achievements in portfolio theory and practice. Furthermore, it constructs a theoretical research framework to guide the future development of quantitative investment strategies, focusing on active portfolio management. This framework also delineates several prospective research avenues. The advent of artificial intelligence and big data has transformed portfolio theory into a multidisciplinary nexus involving mathematical statistics, machine learning, and behavioral finance. This integration is crucial for refining asset portfolio optimization and understanding the dynamics of risk spillover and its determinants. The findings and theoretical advancements discussed herein are vitally important for fostering the sustainable development of capital markets and ensuring economic and financial stability. This study not only revisits foundational theories but also sets the stage for pioneering future research in financial analysis and portfolio management.

Critical analysis of the subspecialty stroke medicine curriculum: Social and political influences on its design and professionalism.

The curriculum comprises all learners' learning experiences that enable them to achieve specific learning outcomes. The Subspeciality Stroke Medicine Curriculum is designed to train doctors in Stroke Medicine as specialists capable of providing holistic healthcare in preventing, treating and rehabilitating stroke through achieving the desired competencies. This article discusses the influence of factors like the development of learning theory, the democratisation of social process, public demand for accountability and transparency, political imperatives, economic factors and professional standards set by professional bodies on curriculum design. The curriculum focuses on an outcome-based educational approach, workplace-based assessment with formative feedback to promote learning, summative evidence for knowledge, skills and attitudes and greater integration to make learning closer to actual practice. This outcome-based, integrated approach is approved by regulating bodies as positively impacting doctors' training and, consequently, the health of individual patients and society.

An In-Depth Analysis of Cohesion Utilization in the English Language: Implications for Effective Communication and Textual Coherence

This study focuses on the link between coherence and the English language notion of cohesiveness. Cohesion is defined as the way in which different elements of a text or speech are linked together to create a unified and integrated whole. The study identifies the challenges in determining the appropriate level of cohesion for a given text and how factors such as audience, purpose, and context can affect cohesion. The aims of the research are to provide learners with a better understanding of cohesion in English and to demonstrate the importance of cohesion in producing clear and effective communication. The paper is divided into three sections: the first section introduces the problem, aims, scope, procedure, and hypothesis; the second section provides a detailed explanation of the definition, general meaning, models, and types of cohesion; and the third section examines lexical and grammatical cohesion in more detail. The theory argues that English language learners typically don't understand the ideas of cohesion and coherence, which leads to poor writing that is illogical and grammatically incorrect. The research methodology involves data collection from English books, analysis, comparison of essays on cohesion, and consultation with instructors of English. Ultimately, this research highlights the importance of cohesion in achieving coherence and producing effective communication in English. The practical study of grammatical cohesion conducted in the English Department of Sawa University's College of Education aimed to assess students' comprehension of linguistic phenomena such as conjunction, ellipsis, references, and substitution. The study involved 54 participants, comprising of 36 females and 18 males, who were presented with 18 different prompts and asked to identify the linguistic phenomenon present in each response. The study's analysis revealed that participants identified these linguistic phenomena differently for each prompt, with some responses predominantly identified as conjunction, while others were predominantly identified as ellipsis or references. These findings provide insight into how individuals interpret and use language and can contribute to the development of linguistic theories and models.

Density Functional Theory Study of Interaction between Ibuprofen and Alginic Acid for Targeted Drug Delivery

Abstract:: The development of density functional theory has led to the consideration of computational chemistry in the design and development of interactions of new drugs in the gas phase with nanocarriers. In the present study, the interaction of ibuprofen with alginic acid (as a nanocarrier) has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) in the gas phase (M06-2X/6-31+G*). A study on the effects of ibuprofen’s interaction with the compounds present in alginic acid has been conducted, focusing on the electronic properties, the chemical shift tensors, and the natural bond orbital. Based on the results of UV spectra, the compound 6-thioguanine has been found to be changed into an alginic acid/ibuprofen complex. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules showed the interaction of ibuprofen to be mainly driven by non-covalent bonds with alginic acid during complex formation. A hydrogen bond has been found to be formed between the oxygen atoms of alginic acid and ibuprofen's hydrogen atoms. Consequently, alginic acid has been used for delivering ibuprofen to diseased cells.

Corporate Value Assessment based on the EVA Model and Relative Valuation

As a risk-averse commodity, gold has seen new development opportunities in retail due to factors (e.g., geopolitical risks and conflicts, economic uncertainties, and inflation). Consequently, more and more investors are focusing on the gold retail industry. Evaluating the value of gold retail enterprises using scientific and effective methods is of great significance to both managers and investors. Therefore, this paper uses Chow Tai Seng, a Chinese gold retail enterprise, as a case study. Based on the company's development characteristics, we employ the EVA absolute valuation method and relative valuation methods including P/E, P/B and P/S ratios for valuation. The study finds that although its EVA values show a general downward trend from 2019 to 2023, they remain positive, indicating that the company's overall development is still on track. The development of enterprise valuation theory has gone through the MM (Modigliani-Miller) theory, Free Cash Flow Valuation Model, and the Capital Asset Pricing Model, among others. These theoretical models have gradually improved, and the theoretical system is continuously evolving. By summarizing and reviewing valuation theories and methods, this paper employs the DDM for valuation and the P/E ratio method under relative valuation based on the company's development characteristics. Combining these two valuation methods with the company's actual financial data and relevant value theories, the company can attract investors and address undervaluation by increasing its exposure through modern multimedia channels and enhancing data transparency.

D. W. Winnicott, Julian of Norwich, and the Good-Enough Mother/Mystic

Abstract: This article examines the theological resonances in D. W. Winnicott’s theory of motherhood and infant development, bringing to light possible inheritances from the medieval mystical tradition. Considered against Winnicott’s own Wesleyan upbringing and later conversion to Anglicanism, a close reading of his personal writings reveals a personal identification with the Christ-figure and evidence of medievalism in his work that has not been previously recognized. The discussion then compares Winnicott’s paradigm of the “good-enough mother” with the language of maternal “enoughness” in the Revelations of fourteenth-century theologian, Julian of Norwich. This comparison uncovers a shared preoccupation with maternal love and sustained devotional practice, and what I call Julian’s “ordinary-language theology” is put forward as a potential precedent for what Adam Phillips has termed Winnicott’s “ordinary-language psychoanalysis.”*

Theory and Practice of Developments in the Field of Separation and Extraction of Metals at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises

Theory and Practice of Developments in the Field of Separation and Extraction of Metals at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises