Territorial Development Research Articles

Региональные различия в уровне качества жизни: сравнение показателей между городами и сельскими территориями

The article examines regional differences in the level of quality of life in relation to the Russian Federation as one of the economic indicators characterizing the level of development of territories united into subjects. The substantive part of the concept of «quality of life» has been studied, and indicators of the quality of life of the population living in cities and rural areas have been determined. The indicators of the quality of life in cities and rural settlements are analysed on the example of specific regions of the country; the results of the analysis are presented. A list of indicators of the standard of living in cities and rural settlements of the country's regions is indicated, embodying the degree of development of the territory where the settlement and the subject as a whole are located. The importance and expediency in the development and implementation of measures aimed at improving the quality of life in relation to cities and rural areas in different regions of the country are considered.

Mechanisms for the implementation of complex construction contracts within the framework of life cycle management of a capital construction facility

The development of industrial areas with difficult climatic conditions and high environmental burden on the population requires innovative management approaches from the construction industry, including energy construction as a factor of safety and reliability, as a basis for the development of enterprises in the region and urban development. The purpose of this study is to determine the place and role of complex construction contracts (CСC) in the life cycle (LC) of an industrial capital construction facility and to form mechanisms for improving the implementation of CСC to ensure the innovative nature of such an object at all stages of its LC within the framework of the relationship with the development of the economy of the studied region as a whole. The LC model proposed in the study allows us to determine the place and role of innovation engineering assessment at each stage of the implementation of large engineering projects during the construction of capital construction facilities within the framework of territorial development management. The combination of methods for assessing innovativeness will reveal the necessary reserves for accelerated development of territories with maximizing environmental and economic effects.

СОЦІАЛЬНЕ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВО В УКРАЇНІ: ВІД РОЗУМІННЯ СУТНОСТІ ДО РОЗВИТКУ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО БІЗНЕС-СЕРЕДОВИЩА

The article is devoted to the development of social entrepreneurship as a business that most fully corresponds to the postulates of a sustainable economy and the principles of social responsibility. It is noted that with the help of innovative and entrepreneurial approaches, social entrepreneurship solves several socio-economic problems, in particular: it creates additional jobs for socially vulnerable sections of the population, increases the level and quality of their life; increases social capital; promotes local development of territories, communities, etc. It was emphasized that developing social entrepreneurship requires systematic work and the creation of a powerful ecosystem. It is emphasized that creating an effective business environment requires understanding the needs and challenges social entrepreneurs face. Among them: an imperfect legal framework (lack of legislative acts on the regulation of social entrepreneurship); insufficient understanding of the essence of the concept of «social entrepreneurship» by civil servants, business representatives, investors, creditors, potential customers, and the public in general; insufficient access to sources of financing (loans, investments and funds of private companies); lack of information in the public space about the influence and importance of social enterprises; insufficient level of professional knowledge of social entrepreneurs. Accordingly, the creation of a favorable regulatory environment, the development of the professional potential of social enterprises, the formation of public opinion about a social enterprise, and the construction of an ecosystem are defined as key areas of support for social entrepreneurship. Developing an ecosystem involves creating a network of resources, such as funding, training programs, consulting services, and platforms for sharing experiences. An important factor is the establishment of cooperation between the participants of the ecosystem, including business, government, educational institution and non-governmental organizations, media. All this will help social entrepreneurs to develop and implement their ideas in changing market conditions.

Сучасні проблеми фінансової стійкості територій у контексті збалансованого розвитку

The problem of ensuring the financial sustainability of territories is relevant in conditions of economic instability. Balanced development of territories involves the efficient use of financial resources, support for entrepreneurial activity, and stability of local budgets. This article examines the contemporary problems of financial sustainability of territories and provides recommendations for their balanced development. The aim of the article is to identify problems of financial sustainability of territories and develop recommendations for their balanced development. The study analyzes the factors influencing the financial sustainability of the territories and identifies mechanisms for increasing the financial stability of the regions. The pivotal factor is the development of small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs), which create jobs and foster economic growth. Support for SMEs includes access to finance, administrative support and skills development for entrepreneurs. The provision of credit guarantees, the development of microfinancing and the support of venture capital can increase the financial sustainability of SMEs. Simplification of business registration procedures, reduction of regulatory barriers and transparency of the tax system contribute to the development of entrepreneurial activity. It is noted that from 2021 to 2023 the number of enterprises in the Kharkiv region fluctuated due to hostilities. This has had a significant impact on economic activity and the business climate in the region. The analysis of the number of individual entrepreneurs also reflects negative trends. Many entrepreneurs were forced to close their businesses or relocate them to other regions. The hostilities have had a significant negative impact on the economic situation in the Kharkiv region, which affects the overall financial sustainability of the region. This highlights the need to support businesses to recover financial sustainability. The continuation of financial programs to support SMEs will help strengthen the financial sustainability of the region.

The Conception of Local Economic Development as an Instrument for Sustainable Economic Growth of Territories: Ukrainian Aspect

The aim of this article is to study the conception of local economic development as an instrument for sustainable economic growth of territories in the context of decentralization, including the process of implementation of foreign experience of this conception in Ukrainian realities. The article analyzes modern theories of local economic development. An analysis of the definition of the concept of «local economic development», key elements and basic principles is carried out. The main barriers that hinder local economic development are noted, namely: financial and economic, innovative, social, environmental, political, lack of motivation and controlling system, as well as institutional barrier. The key risks characteristic of the general goals of local economic development are studied, including: risks of physical capital; risks associated with technological innovations; human capital risks; social capital risks, as well as risks related to the macroeconomic environment; risks related to the technological environment; ecological risks; risks associated with the cultural environment; infrastructure-related risks and political and legal risks. The key stakeholders of local economic development have been identified, which include: the government, local self-governments, non-profit organizations, business organizations, international organizations and the population. An analysis of the activities of stakeholders in the measurement of international trends is carried out. The advantages for the development of territories through the use of the conception of local economic development are substantiated. It is proved that the implementation of the conception of local economic development, taking into account the positive experience of foreign countries, will accelerate the development of the domestic economy and reduce the negative dynamics of destructive changes due to military aggression on the territory of Ukraine.

Optimization of the method of comprehensive assessment and analysis of the socio-economic efficiency of housing and civil construction in the conditions of integrated and sustainable development of territories

Optimization of the method of comprehensive assessment and analysis of the socio-economic efficiency of housing and civil construction in the conditions of integrated and sustainable development of territories

Фінансова спроможність територіальних громад у контексті забезпечення соціально-економічного розвитку

The aim of the article is to determine the economic essence of the financial capacity of territorial communities and to clarify its role in ensuring social and economic development. The article discusses approaches to the economic essence of the financial capacity of territorial communities. The authors disclose the essence of this economic category as the ability of a territorial community to form the amount of budget revenues, which is sufficient and adequate to the expenditure part of the budget, from which the list of public goods and services defined by law, which meet the established national standards and criteria, is financed; also to promote the processes of socioeconomic development of the community. The structure of financial resources of the territorial community is considered. It is determined that it is local taxes and fees that ensure the financial autonomy of local self-government bodies (LSGB). The need to strengthen the fiscal sustainability of the budgets of territorial communities as an element of ensuring their financial capacity is substantiated. One of the directions of implementation of this is to increase the fiscal significance of the property tax by improving the mechanism of its administration. The main determinants of ensuring the socioeconomic development of territories have been identified, the main place among which belongs to financial instruments. The relationship between the financial capacity of territorial communities and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which can be achieved at the local level, is studied. With the help of the Ishikawa diagram, measures to achieve SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) are allocated, including stimulating the employment, ensuring the sustainable growth of the gross regional product, increasing the production efficiency and creating the financial opportunities for economic self-realization in relation to the financial capacity of the territorial community. It is noted that the use of financial preferences in order to stimulate economic activity in a territorial community can in some way reduce its financial capacity in the current period, but is aimed at increasing it in the medium and long term and strengthens the fiscal sustainability of local budgets.

КУЛІНАРНІ ВЗАЄМОВПЛИВИ НА УКРАЇНСЬКО-РОСІЙСЬКОМУ ПОГРАНИЧЧІ (КІНЕЦЬ XVIII – ПОЧАТОК XX ст.)

The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of ethnocultural contacts of Ukrainians and Russians at the junction of their ethnic borders in the period from the end of the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century, using the example of mutual influences of national cuisine. The specificity of the historiography dedicated to this topic is clarified, and the gradual nature of the accumulation of data on the culinary traditions of the population of the Ukrainian-Russian border area is traced. The author, taking into account the relevant historical conditions and processes, in particular the policy of purposeful colonization of the Wild Fields implemented by the Russian Empire in the last quarter of the 18th century and the gradual development of territories that will eventually form the historical borderland, investigates the spread of the traditions of the national cuisine of both peoples and their interpenetration. The latter is clarified on the example of specific manifestations in the entire territory of the borderland (which includes modern Chernihiv Oblast, Kharkiv Oblast, Luhansk Oblast, as well as partially Kursk Oblast, Belgorod Oblast and Voronezh Oblast). On the basis of the conducted work, it was concluded that the perception of elements of food culture by Ukrainians and Russians consists of the inclusion of not only full-fledged dishes and recipes, but also their components and even drinks. Within the framework of the article, the ratio of mutual influences in the national cuisines of the two main ethnic groups of the Ukrainian-Russian border was also analyzed in order to determine the dominant ones. According to the results, it was found that Ukrainian culinary traditions mostly retain their original structure and content out of the two national food complexes. In turn, they are subject to only minor intrusions from the side of Russian cuisine. It was established that the fundamental difference between the food culture of Ukrainians and Russian culinary traditions contributed to their stability, since the latter had much simpler elements in their composition. In general, it was established that mutual influences between Ukrainian and Russian national cuisines, having vivid manifestations throughout the territory of the contact zone of the two cultures, thereby form their opposition and demonstrate the identity of both Ukrainians and Russians.

Ресурсная обеспеченность развития регионов Российской Федерации

The article is devoted to the problem of determining the degree of resource endowment of the subjects of the Russian Federation as a factor of regional development. The state of the resource base affects the level and growth rates of the socio-economic system of the regions and the national economy. The subject of the study is the state of resource endowment of the development of the regions of the Siberian Federal District. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for assessing the state of tangible and intangible resources of the regions that are part of the Siberian Federal District and its impact on the socio-economic development of territories. To achieve the goal of the study several tasks were solved, such as the classification of the region’s resources, the development of a methodology for carrying out a comparative assessment of resource endowment of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District and conducting on its basis a comparative analysis of resource endowment of the selected group of regions. The research methodology includes general scientific (content analysis, empirical method, observation, systematic approach, comparative analysis) and special methods (analysis of regional statistics, index method, method of logical matrices, etc.). The information base of the study was formed by the data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), websites of territorial bodies of Rosstat, the Federal Service for Intellectual Property, reports of the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation. The results of the study consist in the development of a methodology for assessing the state of resource endowment of the region and conducting on its basis a comparative analysis of the state of the resource base of the subjects of the Siberian macro-region, which allowed us to determine the differentiation of resource endowment of regions as factors of development asymmetry.

Стратегическое управление городской территорией

For the past 20 years, a significant experience in the strategic management of municipalities has been accumulated in Russia, which requires studying, identifying and replicating best practices, as well as eliminating the negative aspects found in this area. The article examines the experience of several municipalities, draws conclusions about the current state of affairs in creating strategic development plans in them, makes recommendations on a wide range of issues. Great interest is shown in the problem of creating development strategies and improving existing practices in this area at all levels of state and municipal government. The problems associated with the practice of strategic planning at the municipal level are highlighted, which does not include the use of a number of modern methods of strategic management (in particular, strategic sessions) and the involvement of third-party organizations for their development, which leads to the lack of use of rich local information resources and the experience of specialists; and also the unclear formulation of development priorities, which leads to a lack of focus of performers’ efforts. Of particular interest may be the analysis of the missions of municipalities and the modeling of the mission of municipal government, which was done by the authors in this article. Recommendations are made both on the development of the strategy and on its implementation. In particular, it is proposed to replicate the practice of using a marketing approach, which makes it possible to determine strategic development priorities taking into account the competitive advantages of municipalities. Much attention is paid to the issue of updating development strategies in the context of modern realities, as well as the priority of the problem of demography, which has become a bottleneck in ensuring sustainable development of territories. A number of proposals are made to improve the mechanism for implementing municipal strategies. Recommendations concern issues of improving the organization of work, assigning responsibility, and improving the qualifications of personnel. These recommendations pertain to Tomsk, but can be utilized by professionals specializing in the same field in other cities and levels of government.

Environmental safety monitoring management of territories using modern technologies

Modern scientific and technological development is connected with the development and integration of modern monitoring technologies and computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) into management processes. Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is an approach to management in various areas of production and activity, where computers and automated systems play a central role in all aspects of safety monitoring, including environmental safety of territories. Considered modern technologies and CIM provide an opportunity to integrate the management of all stages of environmental monitoring into one process, ensuring their rational functioning in one system. Importance and prospects of integration of modern monitoring technologies into automated systems of environmental safety management through the use of computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) contribute to creation of sustainability of development of territories in accordance with modern requirements of environmental safety. Transition to management of monitoring of environmental safety of territories with the help of modern observation means and computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) reduces the terms of realization of monitoring stages, automation of control that provides positive economic effect. A promising direction in the field of informatization of processes of observation of environmental safety and monitoring of its changes is the creation of new opportunities of modern observation technologies and computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) allowing to increase the functionality and their automation, including with the change and expansion of tools, observation, their spatial configuration in the real mode of modeling changes in the environmental situation.

Социальные механизмы сглаживания субкультурных противоречий в мире глобальных трансформаций

The relevance of the work is to identify the need to take into account and use the possibilities of subcultural differentiation in the development and implementation of strategies for sustainable development of territories and economic entities. The subject of the study is the social mechanisms of smoothing subcultural contradictions in the context of glocalization. The purpose of the work is to develop effective measures to stimulate sustainable development based on the study of the possibilities of social mechanisms for smoothing subcultural contradictions of subcultures. Based on institutional logic, the article examines the interaction of subcultures and the impact of this interaction on the implementation of a sustainable development strategy at the regional and municipal levels, as well as within the organizational culture of enterprises. It is established that underestimation of the formation and development of subcultures can lead to the marginalization of the territory, characterized by a decrease in qualification and demographic characteristics, as well as to an increase in social problems. The directions and ways of harmonization of urban space are proposed. The role of subcultures in organizational transformations related to the development of knowledge management systems is shown. It is revealed that a better understanding of the driving forces and limitations of organizational knowledge management is achieved through a more thorough study of unique socio-cultural features. It is concluded that the formation and implementation of a sustainable development policy at the macro and micro levels can be carried out more successfully if the development and implementation of projects that take into account the opinions of representatives of different subcultures are envisaged.

Provision of land plots within the state programs “Far Eastern” and “Arctic” hectares

The article notes that ineffective use of land resources affects the demographic situation and socio-economic development of regions, and therefore the development of sparsely populated territories is one of the key directions of modern state and legal policy implemented in our country. The paper also contains the features and conditions for the provision of land plots within the framework of the state programs “Far Eastern” and “Arctic” hectares. The examples of successful development of territories are considered in this work as well as the shortcomings of existing government programs.

Development of innovative potential of agriculture in the southern regions of the Kyrgyz Republic

Agriculture has a huge impact on the economic indicators of development of the Kyrgyz Republic, but faces several difficulties, the most serious of which are population growth, land degradation, poor financing of the industry, which significantly affects the insufficient volume of products produced and affects the development of the regions. The work examines the possibilities of implementing agrarian-economic policy on a scientific basis, examines indicators and current development tasks in theoretical and practical aspects, in areas such as the creation of innovative competitive industries. The main research method used was data from official statistical information of the Kyrgyz Republic on economic indicators, the direction of exports by type of agricultural products. The criteria for the production specialization of the southern regions are highlighted; it is clear that the economic potential of the regions is far from being fully used and has prospects for innovative development. The study used methods of economic-statistical and legal analysis, the theory of the regional economic system, and gave the level and structural analysis of the development of territories. As a further improvement of the agrarian and economic development of the regions and based on the results of the study, some problematic fragments of regional policy were identified and directions for improving agricultural development were recommended.

Оценка современного состояния региональных финансов в контексте реализации национальных интересов

Today, national security is one of the state’s priorities. In the context of constant changes and challenges faced by modern society, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for the growth of human capital, investment and economic development of regions and the country as a whole. One of the key factors in ensuring national security is the effective distribution and use of resources, including financial ones. The article provides a review of scientific research in the field of national security and financial development of territories. Based on general scientific methods, using data from open official sources, an assessment is made of the dynamics and emerging trends of the main indicators of the consolidated budgets of the regions that are part of the Ural Federal District for 2019–2023. The selected period covers several crises: the pandemic and sanctions. The coefficient of social orientation of the consolidated budgets of the regions that are part of the Ural Federal District was calculated. The average value of the coefficient for five years for all regions of the Ural Federal District is 65%. Relatively high coefficients indicate that regional authorities are actively working to improve the quality of life of their citizens and create favorable conditions for their development. This is one of the key factors for the successful and sustainable development of the region. The presented results and conclusions allow us to better understand the current situation and develop further management decisions for the development of the financial sector of the regions.

Світовий досвід використання інструментарію для реалізації проєктної діяльності в публічному управлінні просторовим розвитком територій

The spatial development of territories in Ukraine, in particular in the context of the introduction of decentralization principles into the public administration system, is characterized by the identification of an additional wide range of internal and external factors and problems of functioning in various spheres of society, as well as the actuation of issues regarding the need to find and implement more effective instruments that can solve them. Domestic experience in overcoming various kinds of territorial problems is limited and insufficient, therefore, the study of the best foreign theories and practices in this regard, including the use of instruments for the implementation of project activities, as well as the analysis of opportunities for their implementation, remains relevant. In the context of the spatial development of territories, project activities can be considered as a purposeful system of actions organized by any public governance entities or established in the process of their interaction with each other, aimed both at solving a specific territorial problem and at stimulating the development of various spheres of community life, involving a wide range of mechanisms and instruments for managing spatial development based on planning, financing and implementation of a specific project in order to achieve the final result. The article provides an analysis of the global and European experiences in the use of an instrumentarium for the implementation of project activities in public management of spatial development of territories; approaches are generalized and features of the use of projects depending on the priorities of spatial development, individual characteristics and the presence of territorial problems within each country are determined; the possibilities and relevance of using positive examples of the implementation of multidirectional project activities in the process of managing the spatial development of territories in Ukraine, which is expedient in the period of their post-war recovery, are considered. Acquaintance with the global and European experiences of formation by individual countries, in accordance with national characteristics and the chosen model of development, of priority goals, objectives, mechanisms and instruments of territorial management will allow using positive achievements and, on the basis of the formed strategic directions, introducing effective instruments, in particular for the implementation of project activities, support and stimulation of the development of their own territories, taking into account the characteristics inherent in Ukraine.

Место корпоративной социальной ответственности в современном капитализме

In the era of globalization and information technology, when companies are becoming more and more important participants in public life, issues of social responsibility are becoming particularly acute. However, despite the positive aspects of business social responsibility, such as improving the company’s image, increasing employee and consumer loyalty, there are also negative aspects of this concept that require careful analysis. The negative aspects of the concept of social responsibility of business are not only the potential decrease in economic efficiency due to increased spending on social programs, but also the possibility of abuse of this concept for marketing purposes without a real contribution to the social development of territories. There is a risk that social responsibility may turn into a corporate propaganda tool that covers up companies’ unethical practices. This casts doubt on the effectiveness and sincerity of business social initiatives, as well as raises the problem of insufficient transparency and control over the implementation of the principles of social responsibility. The study of the negative aspects of the concept of social responsibility of business allows identifying the weaknesses of this approach, which is important for the development of more effective strategies and mechanisms for the implementation of social responsibility. The study provides examples for revising and modernizing the concept of business social responsibility, taking into account different economic systems.

Genesis of Organic 3.0 agro-technologies to increase regional sustainability

Organic 3.0 agro-technologies have been gaining popularity over the last decades in light of the search for solutions for sustainable environmental management and sustainable development of territories. The International Sustainable Development Goals recommend the transfer and search for new agro-technologies of gentle impact on the environment in order to maximize resource conservation and minimize anthropogenic impact on nature for future generations. The trend of transition of many countries to organic production requires additional investment and building new mechanisms of interaction in the sphere of agro-industrial complex. The paper studies the established market of organic products, assesses its structure and makes a forecast of its future expansion. Climate change and the reduction of areas suitable for the production of food raw materials impose an additional burden on agricultural production, which should use more effective methods and technologies to increase productivity in the current conditions. The conclusions are drawn about the key role of Russia in the development of the organic trend of agro-industrial complex as a country with vast agrarian territories and resources.

Socio-economic development of territories in the project of upgrading the infrastructure of the transport corridor “China-Mongolia-Russia”

The article presents the importance of creating transport corridors in the New Silk Road project and modernizing sections of existing highways. The use of methods of structurization, analysis, synthesis, systematization, and agent-based modeling allowed us to develop a simulation model of local transport hubs of the highway section in the Republic of Buryatia (Russia) to the border with Mongolia. The concept of such hubs is to justify the design of infrastructure facilities that provide short-term parking of vehicles for their rapid maintenance and recreation of drivers or passengers. All entities involved in traffic flows are identified and their characteristics are defined. Based on the rules of their conduct individually and collectively are established. The resulting rules are used to create models of the behavior of entities in the simulation model and presented its corresponding 3d fragments.

Concept and practice of marketing glamping as an eco-friendly tourism product

The article updates the application of a marketing approach in the glamping industry to maximize the use of all the opportunities that this environmental innovation provides for solving economic and social problems. The purpose of the study is to formulate the foundations of the conceptual model of glamping marketing as a type of marketing management in the service sector, combining, on the basis of the principle of complementarity, on the one side, the realization of the needs and motives (rational, emotional, mental) of clients in active leisure and on the other side, green, cultural, economic development of territories into a single synergetic process of creating socially significant products that combine the characteristics of tradition and modernity. In their study, the authors rely on the results of an analysis of the Russian glamping market and note the increased interest of consumers in the new format of the tourism product. The glamping industry can bring quick profits, but less long-term results combined with a weak social effect. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: based on clarifying the characteristics of marketing in the glamping industry, the term “glamping marketing” was proposed and justified, which, despite its industry nature, can become the basis for the creation of other innovative products of the green industry; the relationship between green marketing, territorial marketing and glamping marketing has been identified; the elements of the service package were adapted to the glamping industry and an algorithm for its strategic marketing management was proposed, based on the logic of strategic management and technological entrepreneurship.