Development Of Northern Territories Research Articles

ИСТОРИЯ ОСВОЕНИЯ АРКТИКИ: КРАТКИЙ БИБЛИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ОЧЕРК

The paper presents the activities of the Scientific Library of the Siberian Federal University on the development and implementation of the project “Creation of a Scientific and Educational Geographical Library in SFU”. This project was launched jointly with the Russian Geographical Society. The goal of the project is to form and provide users with high-quality information and educational resource on the profile and topics of the main directions of development of geographical sciences, popularization of geographical knowledge. The activity of the library in the field of formation of unified information scientific and educational space, in the context of the main directions, reflecting the development strategy of the SibFU is analysed. The study of the Arctic is one of the priority tasks of the university. The Arctic vector plays an important role in creating a new library model, in the context of the formation of information resources: the works of SibFU scientists related to the study of Siberia and the Arctic, and providing public access to the accumulated knowledge. The basis of this collection is a unique collection of documents by S. B. Slevich, Doctor of Geographical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Ecological Academy. The paper discusses the activities for the implementation of the project. The library forms a collection of documents on topics - indigenous peoples, ecology of the Far North, industrial development of northern territories, construction on permafrost and digitizes rare publications. A geographic reading room has been opened to organize access to resources. Together with the Presidential Library. B.N. Yeltsin annually held a scientific and practical seminar “Arctic Day at the Siberian Federal University”. Ways of further work to promote the project have been identified.

«СТЕПНЫЕ КОРИДОРЫ» АЛАКУЛЬСКИХ СКОТОВОДОВ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИЗОТОПНЫХ И ПАЛЕОБОТАНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ НА ПОСЕЛЕНИИ ЧЕБАРКУЛЬ III

The paper is devoted to the determination of the preferred ecological niche of the Alakul population of the forest-steppe Trans-Urals and considers the problem of Andronovo colonization in the northern direction. Radiocarbon dating, paleobotanical and isotopic studies were carried out based on the Chebarkul III settlement materials. The Alakul period of the settlement dates back to the 18th–17th centuries BC. The species composition of plants from the settlement’s cultural layer is similar to the Bronze Age steppe settlements of the Southern Trans-Urals and mainly represented by plant seeds of the meadow and ruderal zones with a minimum amount of forest and the absence of domesticated plants. The δ13C, δ15N values in the livestock bones reflect the diet consisting of C3 photosynthesis type plants with a small proportion of C4 plants. The decreased values of δ13C and δ15N in comparison with the Late Bronze Age steppe sites in the Ural-Kazakhstan region may indicate a high moisture content of the settlement’s pastures. The data obtained indicate the preservation of the settled cattle-breeding model, which is typical for the steppe Alakul sites, with cattle grazing in the surrounding territories and the possible preparation of fodder for the winter. The development of northern territories by the Alakul populations took place in the landscape zones habitual for the steppe population: with the presence of open spaces, wide meadows for grazing animals, and preparing forage, as well as forests. For this reason, the so-called Chebarkul steppe corridor was also populated, capturing the shore of the lake of the same name, on which the settlement under study is located.

Influence of climatic factors on the implementation of intelligent transport system technologies in the regions of the Far North and the Arctic

Taking into account natural and climatic factors in various regions of the Far North and the Arctic is extremely important for organizing the successful pickup and delivery of various goods and passengers. These factors have a particular impact on the transportation of goods and passengers by road. The well-known advantages of motor vehicles over other modes of transport, such as mobility, the possibility of door-to-door delivery, low capital costs for transportation organization, etc., make this mode of transport indispensable in the Far North and the Arctic. Meanwhile, the requirements for the reliability and safety of transportation are increasing significantly.The paper discusses a method of forecasting the operation time of temporary transport routes (winter roads) used for transportation most of the year. The volume of transported goods and transportation safety largely depend on the accuracy of such forecasting. Changes in weather conditions, deterioration of visibility, a sharp drop in temperature also have a significant impact on transportation safety and reliability, which makes it urgent to inform the participants of the transportation process about the current situation on the transport route. At the present stage, the main direction of road transport development is the expansion of the use of intelligent transport systems. The development of satellite navigation, on the one hand, and equipment of vehicles with on-board systems to inform drivers about weather conditions along the route, on the other hand, have created the basis for the use of intelligent transport systems (Prikhodko 2011), in particular, meteorological monitoring and information subsystems. The data received from the meteorological monitoring subsystem using external means of information should be sent to the driver for making a prompt decision on how to operate the vehicle. In this regard, it is required to design highly automated vehicles (HAVs), when data are processed from all vehicle subsystems in aggregate, and not from each separate subsystem. HAVs, or so-called unmanned transport systems, are a necessary link in the development of northern territories and in solving one of the global problems of the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation — “territorial connectivity”.

Инновационные направления в области развития возобновляемой энергетики и их роль в социально-экономическом развитии северных территорий

Инновационные направления в области развития возобновляемой энергетики и их роль в социально-экономическом развитии северных территорий

Налогообложение в системе природопользования и его влияние на экономическое развитие северных территорий

Налогообложение в системе природопользования и его влияние на экономическое развитие северных территорий

Comparative Analysis of Regional Development of Northern Territories

The analysis of northern regional development on the basis of the synthesis of comparative research andhistorical method is carried out in the article. The study of social and economic system enables us to understandbetter the roles of factors and methods of the governmental control of regional development as well as theirposition in social and economic and geopolitical aspect.The northern regions of such countries as Russia (Kamchatka Krai), Canada (Yukon), the USA (Alaska), Japan(Hokkaido), and Iceland and Greenland were chosen as an object of research. All these regions play astrategically significant role in social and economic development of own countries and have climatic similarities.The determination of common features of regional social and economic modeling makes it possible to comparethe development of regions, having the same climatic, economic and geopolitical conditions but different levelsof economic activityThere is the statistics generalization, characterizing various activities of regions, including structure of economy,its infrastructure supply, demographical situation, and financial sphere, that enables to see the features ofnational models of regional economies development. It is also proved that ignoring the actual connectionbetween regional system elements and external and internal factors leads to loosing historical and social andeconomic basis in research.

Chapter 1.1 International partnership in development of a local community as a condition of the sustainable development of rural communities in the Russian North

In 2009, the joint scientific-education project “Innovative Development of Northern Territories of Russia” was started by the Institute of Finance and Economics (IFE) of the Yakutsk State University named after M.K. Ammosov (currently North-Eastern Federal University (NEFU) named after M.K. Ammosov) in cooperation with the University of the Arctic’s Thematic Network on Local and Regional Development in the Circumpolar North (led by Tor Gjertsen, professor, Finnmark University College, Alta, Norway). The project was realized from 2009 to 2011 with funding from the federal analytical agency-level target program: “Development of scientific potential of higher education for 2009-2011” (project 2.2.2.1/1054).