National Tourism Development Research Articles

Dari Nature Tourism ke Ecotourism: Menakar Keterpenuhan Prinsip-Prinsip Ecotourism pada Kawasan Wisata Alam di Bangka Belitung

Bangka Belitung is being transformed into a tourism destination area, relying on nature tourism. But unfortunately, the development of nature tourism does not include the development of ecotourism, even though these two things are interrelated. Nature tourism which is a mainstay of the tourism sector provides a very wide opportunity to strengthen ecotourism as part of the environmental movement in Bangka Belitung. This research aims to find out how the fulfillment of the ecotourism principles of tourism natural areas in Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, and identifying unique things related to the application of these principles. Through quantitative research methods with a survey approach that is strengthened by field observations, this research found that assessed from 5 interval categories of the ecotourism principles fulfillment, 58% of the tourism areas in Bangka Belitung were included in the category of fulfilled of the ecotourism principles and 42% were in the strongly fulfilled category of the ecotourism principles. The research also found that although the application of each principle was met, there were unique and interesting notes on each principle.

Strategi Pengembangan Desa Sayan Ubud, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali, Sebagai Desa Wisata Berbasis Wisata Alam Bija


 
 
 Sayan Village is one of the villages in Ubud that has a lot of potential to be used as a tourism village. The first three great potentials are natural tourism, potential opportunities for water tubing tourism, and also the potential of Puri Sayan as a heritage tourism object in Sayan Village, which is being planned by the village government and local communities. In addition to the three great potentials, Sayan Village also has the potential for water tourism with beji spring sources which are a source of water that is purified by the local community and is usually used for melukat. In this case, the researcher focused more on discussing the development of biology natural tourism which is currently used as the center of tourism village activities in Sayan Village.
 This study uses collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative analysis and SWOT analysis. The technique of determining informants used purposive sampling technique.
 The results of this study contain the existing conditions of Desa Sayan based on tourism product components, namely attractions, amenities, accessibility, and ancilliary. And the strategy for developing SWOT-based Sayan Tourism Village. So that the strategies obtained produce the best ways to realize one of the missions of Desa Sayan as a sustainable tourism village.
 Keyword: Identification of Existing Conditions, SWOT Analysis, Natural Tourism, Sayan Tourism Village.
 
 

Analisis Profil Wisatawan Mancanegara Yang Keluar Melalui Pintu Soekarno Hatta Dan Ngurah Rai

Indonesia has enormous tourism potential. This potential is spread throughout almost all regions of Indonesia. However, until now Indonesian tourism is only synonymous with Bali. Development of other destinations besides Bali (non-Bali destinations) has begun to take place in almost all parts of Indonesia due to the economic potential of tourism which can drive the region's economy.
 Although not as many as Bali, foreign tourists have visited non-Bali destinations. This proves that non-Bali destinations also have the potential to be developed due to tourism demand from tourists. This research aims to profile foreign tourists for non-Bali destinations as one of the steps in developing tourism marketing according to the National Tourism Development Master Plan 2010-2025.
 In conclusion, tourists who visit non-Bali destinations are predominantly male and repeater

Nature Tourism Development Strategy in Belangian Village Aranio District Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan

Tourism is one utilization source power nature can worth economy high for something area that manage source power natural to be something the place tours that can interest the visitor well from in or from abroad, in addition to worth high economic and able to absorb power work and push development investment. However development region object tour not yet done on some region object tour. Research this aiming for identify strategy development and implementation strategy development comprising from some dimensions, i.e. Goals, Policies and Programs that will produce something strategy from some definition strategy. Research this use method research descriptive qualitative. Data type consists from the primary data obtained through interview and observation. While secondary data originated from document report problem that will examined, writing and results research about Strategy Development Object Tour. Research results this to show that strategy development carried out Service Culture and Tourism Banjar Regency is Strategy as plans and more optimizing potency source power nature and source extensive water power for support services tourism for the sake of realization enhancement income area especially around HR location tour. As for some implementation strategy Identified development under taken namely, (1) Development conducted should focused on one point , (2) involvement all related elements, (3) Identify in a manner thoroughly to object to be developed , (4) Doing training well guide tourist , perpetrator travel , and manager travel, (5) Coordination who continue do to government and citizens around region object tour. Keywords: tourism, tourism development, South Kalimantan DOI : 10.7176/JESD/10-18-09 Publication date :September 30 th 2019

Application of Classification Algorithm C4.5 in Recommendations for Natural Tourism Development in District Simalungun

A tour of human activities to relieve fatigue after a week or a month in carrying out daily activities both as a worker or employee. This activity is carried out to entertain every human being and relax the mind. Besides that, tourism can also help people around the location of tourism objects as a livelihood to meet the needs of life. Simalungun Regency has several natural attractions scattered in several sub-districts which can attract the attention of visitors to travel, but there are still many that have not been well managed by the government or the private sector. To develop the tourism industry in Simalungun Regency, many obstacles faced by the management start from the location, transportation, costs and facilities available and this is also faced by visitors to visit a tourist attraction. In this study, we will choose a location that can be developed based on a questionnaire from several communities / tourists to assess a tourist site that is more supportive to develop. From the results of the election using the C4.5 Algorithm. Then it has been found that the Nature Tourism object can be developed with a level of accuracy that reaches 90% and a recall of 83.33%.

The Effect of Tourism and Market Institutional Policies on Tourist Visits from ASEAN Countries

Tourism industry has experienced a significant development. This can be seen from several indicators, such as the number of foreign and domestic tourist visits, tourist spending, employment opportunities and the tourism sector's contribution to national income (GDP). Indonesian Tourist Policy has been combined with Law No.10 of 2009 concerning Tourism, and operationalized by Government Regulation No. 50 of 2011 concerning the National Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPARNAS). It coincides with the ASEAN liberalization policies. Previous economic tourism research has not accommodated the role of economic institutions as a determinant of foreign tourism demand in Indonesia. This study focuses on tourism demand from ASEAN countries. The model is expected to explain the optimization of tourism resources for development. This data panel study revealed that Fixed Effect Model (FEM) is the most appropriate econometrical model used to estimate tourism in Indonesia in ten years (2006-2015). This study revealed some similarities with previous studies, especially in strengthening the theory of demand. The relative cost of tourism which tends to be more efficient will increase the number of tourist visits. Access to communication infrastructure and the proportion of city residents in the country of origin will increase tourism demand to Indonesia. Liberalization of policies need not be feared by many people, because the institutional aspects of the market which include rules, regulations, fiscal strength and market openness will encourage the acceleration of tourism. However, this study found that tourism services in Indonesia are still inferior compare to those of ASEAN countries. This requires international tourism marketing that changes perceptions and develops adequate destinations to facilitate ASEAN community members. In addition, this study considers that modernization in rural areas and the strengthening of related policies are related to the implementation of tourism master plans to improve tourism optimization.

Tingkat partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Wisata Alam di Curug Bidadari

Community participation is the participation of a person in a social group to take part in the ctivities of his community, outside his own work or profession. This study aims to see the characteristics of society, the level of community participation in the development of nature tourism in Curug Bidadari and the relationship of characteristics and levels of community participation. Methods of data collection conducted by distributing questionnaires, interviews, observation and literature study. The data obtained are then analyzed and presented quantitatively and supported by qualitative data, where the results will be expressed in percentage numbers. Data analysis techniques used in this study is to test the validity, reliability test and use the method of spearman rank analysis. The result of research shows that the characteristics of the society are seen in terms of age dominated by the age of 30-40 years as much as 40%, gender in female domination as much as 52%, education in dominance of high school graduates as much as 34% and work in entrepreneurial dominance by 44%. The level of community participation around Curug Bidadari falls into the moderate category of 85% and the relationship of the community participation variable to the characteristics of society as a whole has a very weak relationship. The development of public participation tourism is still less than the maximum due to lack of public understanding of the importance of participation in tourism development activities.

Dialectical Relationship between the World Natural Heritage Protection and Tourism Development-Based on the Evaluation of Tourism Ecological Footprint

In order to explore the dialectical relationship between the world natural heritage sites protection and tourism development, this paper takes Wulong karst world natural heritage site as an example and uses tourism ecological footprint model to evaluate the impact of tourism development on heritage protection. As a result, tourism development can indeed impact on heritage protection, but also endows heritage protection with more realistic possibilities. World natural heritage protection and tourism development are not opposites to each other. By limiting tourism speed development and enhancing ecological compensation, the protection of world heritage sites and tourism development may be unified in the long run. To be specific, the sustainable development of world natural heritage can be realized by limiting the degree of tourism development, limiting the number of tourists, guiding tourists to transform consumption, reducing the ecological footprint of tourism, transferring tourism ecological footprint, and improving the ecological carrying capacity.

KETERGANTUNGAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP HUTAN LINDUNG DALAM PROGRAM HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN

Salah satu program pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan adalah Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm), yang dilaksanakan di Dusun Kalibiru, Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk aktivitas ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap lahan HKm dan faktor-faktor yang mepengaruhi setelah pengembangan wisata alam. Responden dipilih dengan metode survei seluruh anggota kelompok tani HKm Mandiri. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan observasi lapangan dan dianalisa dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk ketergantungan masyarakat berupa pemehunan bahan pangan, penggunaan kayu dan bambu, pemungutan HMT, memanen empon-empon dan pengembangan wisata alam. Tingkat ketergantungan terhadap lahan HKm relatif rendah dikarenakan beberapa faktor yaitu umur, tingkat pendidikan, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, mata pencaharian utama, curahan waktu selama di lahan HKm, kepemilikan lahan, jarak rumah ke hutan, penggunaan lahan, pemanfaatan sumberdaya hutan dan perkiraan pendapatan. Adanya pengembangan ekowisata menurunkan tingkat ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap hutan lindung.

Economic benefits of natural tourism: driving community’s participation for conservation in Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia

Natural tourism development is expected to provide added value for ecological and economic aspects of protected areas. Natural tourism activities can generate revenue which can be allocated for conservation as well as provide economic benefits for local communities. With the proviso that tourism activities still benefit communities’ economy, then it possibly will increase their awareness and participation in conservation activities. This research aims to determine the contribution of tourism activities for households’ economy and national park management. Particularly, the contribution of Halimun Salak National Park tourism household income sharing, total household expenses, as well as stakeholder perception related to the conservation at HSNP. The results determine the economic benefits of natural tourism for the community. 66% of local household income was generated from natural tourism and tourism income meets 91% of household expenditure of local communities. Tourism activities could driving community’s participation for conservation in Halimun Salak National Park due to their economic dependencies on tourism.

The Natural Tourism Development Model and Its Contribution to Local Community Economy at Peliatan Village, Ubud Bali

The research is located at Peliatan Village Ubud Bali. The purpose of this research is 1) to identify the potential of natural tourism at Peliatan Village Ubud, 2) to examine contribution of the development of natural tourism to the local community's economy at Peliatan Village Ubud, 3) to formulate the natural tourism development model at Peliatan Village Ubud.
 The results showed that the potentials of natual tourism at Peliatan Village are a natural panorama, river, springs, rice fields, flora and fauna. Natural tourism activities that can be developed are tracking, cycling, rural tourism, outbound tours, camping tours, natural education tours, flora and fauna observation tours. The contribution of natural tourism to the local community economy is to directly open new jobs for the community, such as tour guides, ticket guards, parking attendants, Balinese food and beverages sellers, business men on food stalls / restaurants, lodging, making souvenirs, Balinese food, making camping, other outbound activities. It is directly improving the ability of the community to save, sending children to a higher level education.
 It indirectly could increase income of local community, attract investors to build hotels and inns. Natural tourism development model at Peliatan Village is a SO Strategy: developing new tourist attraction, cooperating with Balinese investors from outside the area to develop natural tourism attraction, penetrating foreign tourist market on special interest in nature, developing potential market of foreign tourists being interested in natural tourism, establishing cooperation with travel agent / wholesaler of special interest tourist market, developing tourism event, and developing micro business.
 WO Strategy: improving the quality of the natural environment by maintaining the cleanliness of the natural environment, training natural tourist guides, providing broader and more interesting natural tourism information, designing exciting natural tourism packages, developing private-community partnerships, providing and mapping potential diversity data at tourist destination. Strategy ST: reforestating, controlling erosion, analyzing the influence of the behavior of number of tourist, waste generated, developing plans, protecting regional agreement, cooperating with tourism actors and stakeholders, ensuring the security of Peliatan Village.
 WT Strategy: counseling, formulating, and implementing Code of Conduct (COC) product of marketed natural attraction, strengthening organization or association of entrepreneurs and tourism professionals, establishing and / or strengthening of organization of village organization to prevent environmental degradation, coaching community on green tourism, and doing research on natural tourism and its impact on local communities.
 Index Terms— Environmental Dispute, Procedural Law, Class Action lawsuit

Economic evaluation of tourism infrastructure development in Ukraine

The article presents own evaluation methodology of the tourism infrastructure development at the state level. To obtain data on the state and trends of national tourism development the authors chose economic diagnosis based on an evaluation of industry infrastructure provision. The following objects were selected for study: sanatoriums and resorts, guest houses and lodges, hotels, child resort and health centers. Their state, features of their use and their material and technical base were evaluated. Using own evaluation methodology of level of tourism resource provision the indicator of objects density was calculated and the results of calculations were summarized. According to the results of determined partial indicators the integrated evaluation of tourism infrastructure provision was made and the dynamics of integral index of infrastructure provision according to the Ukrainian regions was presented.

Practical Modelling in Treehouse Development

Abstract Up-to-date nature tourism trends witness a growth of customer-oriented unique experiences. The present paper explores the potential of treehouses in nature tourism development in Latvia by providing unique and authentic experiences. Using the method of practical modelling several distinct treehouse construction methods are compared considering regional differences and different use cases. To achieve the set goal, three separate practical modelling workshops in different municipalities in Latvia were organised during the summer holidays of 2016–2018. History and construction types of treehouses were analysed as well as 30 experts from the local municipalities, treehouse companies, workshop participants, clients and customers were interviewed. The presented study is based on the 4-year experience of participation in several European treehouse workshops and organisation of the local treehouse activities and events in Latvia as well as learnings from managing an outdoor recreation company “Movement Spontaneous” and co-founding the Latvian Outdoor Association “Outdoor Club Latvia” in 2018.

Mapping the potential for tourism strategic areas to improve the equality of development in Bali

Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia (PPRI number 50/2011) indicates the declaration of the National Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPParNas) from 2010 to 2025. Eighty-eight (88) of the National Tourism Strategic Areas (KSPN)is spread on thirty four (34) provinces throughout the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. The province of Bali contributes greatest foreign exchange for Indonesia through the tourism sector. Eleventh (11th) of KSPN-Bali are reflecting a priority-program of Indonesian Government through equal development of Tourism Strategic Areas. Development for Bali still indicates gap between a remote regency and central city. The moratorium on rapid development of tourism facility in South Bali indicates quite difference with slower development of East and North Bali. Thus, efforts to increase the distribution of development require investigation and identification through mapping the potential of Natural Resources and Cultivation, especially, the area of tourism in South Bali (Denpasar/Badung) compared to East (Karangasem) and North (Buleleng). Literature review, field observation, and semi-structured interview data were analysed by combination of qualitative-verification methods and cognitive-mapping solutions. The result of case study was representing mapping the potentials for natural resources and cultivation that was identified in Sanur (Denpasar), Tulamben-Amed (Karangasem), and Bali-Utara (Buleleng). Therefore, unequal development between each tourism strategic areas would reduce, and in turn, prosperity of social communities would be improving for Bali.

Exploration of National Tourism Development, Innovation and Marketing Policies: A Case Study of Nepal Tourism Constraints

The main purpose of this study was to construct a sought-on tourism innovation & tourism marketing strategies which are essential tools for development of tourism industry for a particular tourism resource nation. This paper centrally focused on Nepalese tourism development constraints discourse by emphasizing the context of innovation and marketing. The data were derived from multiple sources such as: field observation, review of multiple public sectors tourism institution’s policy and plan documents, questionnaire opinion collected from domestic and international tourists and in-depth open-end interviews taken with influential tourism stakeholders. Even though there is not much that had been done to address the tourism innovativeness and marketing strategies from the academia and Government institutions in Nepal, this paper aimed to figure out the major pitfall and illustrate the suitable recommendation towards drafting the strategies and policies that can facilitate overall Nepalese tourism development. The subject is essential to ensure sustainable growth and to achieve the tourism national goal. Our study aimed to generalize the research gap by putting forward ITDM model which is the sum of idea generated from SOSTAC and Abernathy & Clark innovation model. ITDM was casted forward after analyzing and reviewing the applicability for Nepalese tourism development context. The highlighted finding of this research can conclude that: “There is collaboration dysfunctionality among key stakeholders, disintegration of common goals within key stake holders, failure of high-level tourism council functionality, inadequate budget line, un-contextual vision lead mission, lack of skilled manpower, poor tourism infrastructures, aviation infra scarcity, low degree of ICT readiness, un-updated national tourism policies, ignorance of triple helix correlation (GON, P.C, and Academia)”. These major constraints should be immediately addressed in order to achieve and yield tourism development national goal of Nepal.

Halal Tourism Opportunities And Challenges In East Java

The Ministry of Tourism has made East Java province a national halal tourism development area. This is supported by the existence of various religious tourism objects, natural and artificial tourism objects, organizing annual cultural events and adequate infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to review the potential and formulate halal tourism development strategies in East Java. This study uses secondary data with qualitative methods and SWOT analysis techniques. Internal analysis shows the strengths and weaknesses as well as external analysis shows the opportunities and challenges of weakness in the development of halal tourism in East Java. Strength factors include the diversity of tourist destinations, infrastructure supporting tourist mobility, and the level of tourist visits. Weakness factors include promotion and branding, experts who are experts and means of supporting halal tourism. Opportunity factors include the support of government policies, the existence of supporting institutions, the international reputation of Indonesian halal tourism. Threat factors include economic stability, security stability and competition for the halal tourism industry. Based on the analysis of internal and external factors, the formulation of halal tourism development strategies in East Java include: a) S-O strategy: encouraging domestic and foreign investment in halal tourism development in East Java; b) W-O strategy: development of East Java halal tourism multiplatform information based on IoT; c) S-T strategy: build a halal pariwistaa halal in East Java entitled "Khazanah East Java"; d) W-T strategy: Establishment of a Special Economic Zone for Halal Tourism which is supported by the establishment of an institution of the Halal Tourism Management Authority of East Java Province
 
 Keywords: Halal Tourism, Opportunities, Challenges, East Java

Regional tourism infrastructure development in the state strategies

Purposeful and reasonable state vision of the long-term tourism development strategy determines the success of a country in the world market of tourist services. Many countries have officially approved program documents that clearly outline the main goals and objectives of the state policy in the sphere of tourism, highlighting the resource potential, recreational infrastructure and preferred consumer markets, but there may be no idea of respecting the interests of domestic consumers. The maintenance of local tourism infrastructure is becoming an increasingly important prerequisite for the country’s competitiveness, as mass tourism is now replaced by individual travels. The article is aimed at studying the dependencies between the main macroeconomic indicators of the tourism industry, assessing the efficiency of foreign trade. The correlation-regression and cluster analysis has been used in order to confirm or refute the hypothesis if the effectiveness of the state support of the national tourism industry is dependent on the stable functioning of the domestic tourism market, e.g. stimulation of travels by residents. Based on the main macroeconomic indicators of the tourism industry for 136 countries of the world and overview of some national tourism development program, the analysis output has rejected the direct correlation between the support of the domestic market and export potential of the national tourism industry, but has proved the significance of the inner consumer power during the periods of downturns in the global economy for strengthening the country’s export potential.

Historical Trajectories of Tourism Development Policies and Planning in Ghana, 1957–2017

ABSTRACTHistorical research on tourism development policies and planning is generally limited, with scant attention on destinations in the Global South. This paper traces the historical trajectories of the development of tourism policy and planning in Ghana using the “Development First” and “Tourism First” framework. A qualitative approach allows for a detailed contextual analysis of key national economic development plans and national tourism development policies and plans. Four broad political eras are identified: (i) 1957–1966: post-independence era of Development First; (ii) 1966–1981: political instability era of Tourism First; (iii) 1981–2000: structural adjustment era of mixed Tourism First-Development First and; (iv) 2000–2017: democratic consolidation era of Development First. The analysis highlights how the distinct historical contexts of state involvement shape the present and future characteristics of tourism development. The findings suggest the need for more detailed exploration of the historical processes of tourism development in Global South destinations.

Accessibility of protected areas and visitor behaviour: A case study from Iceland

In countries facing rapid growth in nature-based tourism, increasing use of protected areas for recreational purposes creates a demand for improved infrastructure and accessibility. However, increased infrastructure, such as road improvements, is likely to alter the natural environment and visitors’ experience, and may ultimately change the type of tourism which operates in given areas. This study aims to assess how the accessibility of protected areas affects visitor perceptions, satisfaction, preferences, and subsequently visitor behaviour. Furthermore, it aims to compare perceived environmental impacts of visitors at sites with different levels of accessibility. To this end, an on-site visitor survey was conducted at five sites within protected areas in Iceland, each with different level of accessibility. The Purism Scale model was applied to categorize visitors based on their preferences. The results show that the majority of visitors at all five study sites fall into one of two categories – neutralists and urbanists – implying that the type of tourism operated in Iceland is changing as a result of continuous tourism development, and that improved accessibility to previously remote nature destinations accelerates these changes. Improved accessibility thus facilitates the use of protected areas, which leads to a higher level of perceived crowding. Tourists tend to spend less time in easily accessible areas and rarely choose such areas as the venue for an overnight stay. Moreover, improved accessibility increases the demand for the development of further infrastructure needed to cope with the environmental pressure from tourism. The processes relating to improved accessibility observed in this study emphasize the importance of preserving particular nature destinations in an undeveloped state in order to provide a wide range of recreational opportunities for local people as well as for foreign visitors. Management implicationsAccessibility of a natural area is an important factor affecting tourism development and a critical management tool to control the area's future state. The following management implications are drawn from this study:•Accessibility is one of the most critical variables in the planning of tourism development in nature destinations.•Improved accessibility to protected areas will increase the demand for further infrastructure development to meet the needs of a higher number of tourists visiting the area and to cope with their environmental pressure.•Improved accessibility leads to changes in visitor behaviour and subsequently the type of tourism operated in protected natural areas.•It is fundamental for planners and decision makers to recognize these processes in order to ensure the most sustainable and environmentally sound tourism development.•Accessibility improvements to protected natural areas should be planned in line with the goals of nature conservation and tourism development.

Strengthening Community Empowerment as a Tool for Sustainable Tourism Development: The Case of Tangkoko Nature Reserve in Indonesia

One of the main principles a community empowerment in sustainable development is that the primary benefits should be returned to the local community and become an integral part of the development activity. However, Tangkoko as a centre for natural tourism development in North Sulawesi, Indonesia has tended to concentrate on tourism development without adequately considering livelihoods of local communities. This study is aimed to examine to what extend The model of community empowerment can be applied into the practice of community empowerment development in Tangkoko Nature Reserve. The study will contribute to the formulation of government policy in formulating and establishing the R- Urban conservation efforts, especially in the utilization of local natural resources by using the principles of sustainable development in Tangkoko Nature Reserve. In addition, the results of the study will be able to promote the use of community-based empowerment and participation through the use high-value natural surrounding environment. This study involves desktop research and fieldwork comprising questionnaire surveys and on-site observations to provide evidences of community-based empowerment in Tangkoko Natural Reserve. This study develops a model of sustainable tourism development through creative community empowerment that will ensure the outcomes from tourism will be returned to strengthen the local economy as well the quality of life of local communities.