Development Of GIS Research Articles

APPLICATION OF GIS RAPID MAPPING TECHNOLOGY IN DISASTER MONITORING

Abstract. With the rapid development of GIS and RS technology, especially in recent years, GIS technology and its software functions have been increasingly mature and enhanced. And with the rapid development of mathematical statistical tools for spatial modeling and simulation, has promoted the widespread application and popularization of quantization in the field of geology. Based on the investigation of field disaster and the construction of spatial database, this paper uses remote sensing image, DEM and GIS technology to obtain the data information of disaster vulnerability analysis, and makes use of the information model to carry out disaster risk assessment mapping.Using ArcGIS software and its spatial data modeling method, the basic data information of the disaster risk mapping process was acquired and processed, and the spatial data simulation tool was used to map the disaster rapidly.

A multi-scale VR navigation method for VR globes

ABSTRACTThe combination of virtual reality (VR) and virtual globes – VR globes – enables users to not only view virtual scenes in an immersive manner at any location on Earth but also directly interact with multi-scale spatial data using natural behaviors. It is an important direction for the future development of 3D GIS and geovisualization. However, current VR navigation are primarily based on small real spaces. For virtual globes, which are 3D multi-scale globe environment, the realization of VR navigation in the multi-scale virtual globe space within a limited real space is the first problem that needs to be addressed. A multi-scale VR navigation method that consists of two algorithms is proposed in this study. The first algorithm maps the real space to the virtual globe space and connects the VR user with the VR viewpoint. The second algorithm is an octree structure-based viewpoint correction algorithm that is proposed to correct the location of the moving VR viewpoint in real time. The proposed method is validated by experimentation. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method enables a VR user to interactively view the 3D multi-scale globe environment and lays a foundation for human–computer interaction in VR globes.

Development of gait GIS by using IMU

Development of gait GIS by using IMU

Research on application of GIS and GPS in inspection and management of city gas pipeline network

To solve the problems existing in the current Gas Company patrol management, such as inaccurate attendance, whether or not the patrol personnel exceed the scope of patrol inspection. This paper Proposed that we apply the SuperMap iDeskTop 8C plug-in desktop GIS application and development platform, the positioning function of GPS and the data transmission function of 3G/4G/GPRS/Ethernet to develop a gas pipeline inspection management system. We build association between real-time data, pipe network information, patrol data, map information, spatial data and so on to realize the bottom data fusion, use the mobile location system and patrol management client to achieve real-time interaction between the client and the mobile terminal. Practical application shows that the system has completed the standardized management of patrol tasks, the reasonable evaluation of patrol work and the maximum utilization of patrol resources.

Web GIS Development for Minangkabau Customary Village: A Case Study of Padang Lua Village, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Minangkabau is a cultural and geographical entity embracing matrilineal kinship system. The descendant line is taken from the women’s side of a family. The customary land is inherited by women, while the men are only allowed to peruse it. Customary land may not be traded, but during an emergency may be mortgaged. In Padang Lua, as well as other villages in Minangkabau, various problems with social conflict potential have arisen due to conflicts against Minangkabau local custom which involves land and house sale. To reduce social conflict and support ‘smart village’, a Web GIS has been developed in Minangkabau villages using Free Open Source Software FOSS, i.e. PostgreSQL/PostGIS, PHP, and JavaScript. This paper reports Web GIS development. The method utilized in developing Web GIS is Research and Development. The Web GIS database is designed to follow the regulations that separate ownership of customary land and houses as well as regulations related to other landowners in Minangkabau. The Web GIS aids village heads/officers as well as prospective land and house buyers to find information on the following aspects: 1) land status, and location, and its owner; and 2) house owner and its occupants as well as land on which the house is located. The Web GIS has demonstrated its ability to reduce social conflicts related to land and house trade in Minangkabau community.

FROM EXCAVATIONS TO WEB: A GIS FOR ARCHAEOLOGY

Abstract. The study and the protection of Cultural Heritage in recent years have undergone a revolution about the search tools and the reference disciplines. The technological approach to the problem of the collection, organization and publication of archaeological data using GIS software has completely changed the essence of the traditional methods of investigation, paving the way to the development of several application areas, up to the Cultural Resource Management. A relatively recent specific sector of development for archaeological GIS development sector is dedicated to the intra - site analyses aimed to recording, processing and display information obtained during the excavations. The case - study of the archaeological site located in the south - east of San Pietro Vetere plateau in Aquino, in the Southern Lazio, is concerned with the illustration of a procedure describing the complete digital workflow relative to an intra-site analysis of an archaeological dig. The GIS project implementation and its publication on the web, thanks to several softwares, particularly the FOSS (Free Open Source Software) Quantum - GIS, are an opportunity to reflect on the strengths and the critical nature of this particular application of the GIS technology. For future developments in research it is of fundamental importance the identification of a digital protocol for processing of excavations (from the acquisition, cataloguing, up data insertion), also on account of a possible future Open Project on medieval Aquino.

Protecting the Historic Environment from Inland Flooding in the UK: Some Thoughts on Current Approaches to Asset Management in the Light of Planning Policy, Changing Catchment Hydrology and Climate Change

The impacts of both summer and winter flooding have been acutely felt across the inland areas of the UK over the last decade and under scenarios of future climate change, such events are likely to become more commonplace. Whilst significant emphasis is inevitably placed during such emergencies on securing basic major infrastructure (transport, power and water), there is also a need to consider how best to protect the Historic Environment. A recent Historic England funded project undertaken by the authors has sought to map the distribution of historic sites against known flood hotspots in Worcestershire to create a GIS resource tool for use by emergency planners and other non-heritage specialists. In addition to the development of a project GIS, a number of further studies were undertaken to consider best practice for flood alleviation, explore the impacts of past events on infrastructure and communities, and the building of resilience through community action. During the lifecycle of the project, a number of key issues and challenges were identified with respect to mitigating and managing the impacts of flooding upon the Historic Environment, before, during and after such events. The Met Office’s decision to begin naming severe storms from the autumn of 2015 and the associated devastating impacts of early examples, such as ‘Desmond’ and ‘Frank’ are leading to an ever-increasing focus on extreme events; therefore, the themes explored in this paper have resonance beyond the administrative boundaries of Worcestershire and are presented within the broader framework of environmental management.

Applying OGC Standards to Develop a Land Surveying Measurement Model

The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is committed to developing quality open standards for the global geospatial community, thus enhancing the interoperability of geographic information. In the domain of sensor networks, the Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) initiative has been developed to define the necessary context by introducing modeling standards, like ‘Observation & Measurement’ (O&M) and services to provide interaction like ‘Sensor Observation Service’ (SOS). Land surveying measurements on the other hand comprise a domain where observation information structures and services have not been aligned to the OGC observation model. In this paper, an OGC-compatible, aligned to the ‘Observation and Measurements’ standard, model for land surveying observations has been developed and discussed. Furthermore, a case study instantiates the above model, and an SOS implementation has been developed based on the 52° North SOS platform. Finally, a visualization schema is used to produce ‘Web Map Service (WMS)’ observation maps. Even though there are elements that differentiate this work from classic ‘O&M’ modeling cases, the proposed model and flows are developed in order to provide the benefits of standardizing land surveying measurement data (cost reducing by reusability, higher precision level, data fusion of multiple sources, raw observation spatiotemporal repository access, development of Measurement-Based GIS (MBGIS)) to the geoinformation community.

Development and Updating of 3D GIS by Using Aerial Photography Systems

In the article the main opportunities for engineers at the GIS creation/updating of systems by means of multicopter aerial photography systems are described. Usage of the methods described in the article will allow increasing the speed and informational content of the GIS construction/updating at rather small labor costs. Besides, the described automation of the processes of filming from the unmanned aerial vehicle will allow to supplement three-dimensional models of objects in GIS with earlier inaccessible data.

利用ARC SDE空间分析函数扩展World Wind Java空间检索能力的方法研究

World Wind Java是一个优秀的开源代码三维地理信息开发平台。与其他三维地理信息平台类似，World Wind Java同样面临以WMS格式发布的海量矢量数据拾取与空间检索需求。本文利用ARC SDE提供的空间数据检索函数开发的服务接口扩展实现了World Wind Java的空间数据检索功能，并在“北海区海洋综合信息一张图”系统中进行了实际应用，验证了方法的有效性。 World Wind Java is an excellent open-source GIS development platform. Similar to other 3- dimensional geographic information platform, World Wind Java faces the same question for ele-ment picking up and spatial analysis released in WMS. Spatial data using the ARC SDE provides the retrieval function expansion of the World Wind Java data retrieval function, and practical application in the “North China Sea Integrated Ocean Management Information System” system, and verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.

STATE OF THE ART OF THE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE SPATIAL DATA MODEL FROM A GEOSPATIAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract. Spatial data and information had been used for some time in planning or landscape design. For a long time, architects were using spatial data in the form of topographic map for their designs. This method is not efficient, and it is also not more accurate than using spatial analysis by utilizing GIS. Architects are sometimes also only accentuating the aesthetical aspect for their design, but not taking landscape process into account which could cause the design could be not suitable for its use and its purpose. Nowadays, GIS role in landscape architecture has been formalized by the emergence of Geodesign terminology that starts in Representation Model and ends in Decision Model. The development of GIS could be seen in several fields of science that now have the urgency to use 3 dimensional GIS, such as in: 3D urban planning, flood modeling, or landscape planning. In this fields, 3 dimensional GIS is able to support the steps in modeling, analysis, management, and integration from related data, that describe the human activities and geophysics phenomena in more realistic way. Also, by applying 3D GIS and geodesign in landscape design, geomorphology information can be better presented and assessed. In some research, it is mentioned that the development of 3D GIS is not established yet, either in its 3D data structure, or in its spatial analysis function. This study literature will able to accommodate those problems by providing information on existing development of 3D GIS for landscape architecture, data modeling, the data accuracy, representation of data that is needed by landscape architecture purpose, specifically in the river area.

Engineering-Geological Data Model - The First Step to Build National Polish Standard for Multilevel Information Management

The efficient geological data management in Poland is necessary to support multilevel decision processes for government and local authorities in case of spatial planning, mineral resources and groundwater supply and the rational use of subsurface. Vast amount of geological information gathered in the digital archives and databases of Polish Geological Survey (PGS) is a basic resource for multi-scale national subsurface management. Data integration is the key factor to allow development of GIS and web tools for decision makers, however the main barrier for efficient geological information management is the heterogeneity of data in the resources of the Polish Geological Survey. Engineering-geological database is the first PGS thematic domain applied in the whole data integration plan. The solutions developed within this area will facilitate creation of procedures and standards for multilevel data management in PGS. Twenty years of experience in delivering digital engineering-geological mapping in 1:10 000 scale and archival geotechnical reports acquisition and digitisation allowed gathering of more than 300 thousands engineering-geological boreholes database as well as set of 10 thematic spatial layers (including foundation conditions map, depth to the first groundwater level, bedrock level, geohazards). Historically, the desktop approach was the source form of the geological-engineering data storage, resulting in multiple non-correlated interbase datasets. The need for creation of domain data model emerged and an object-oriented modelling (UML) scheme has been developed. The aim of the aforementioned development was to merge all datasets in one centralised Oracle server and prepare the unified spatial data structure for efficient web presentation and applications development. The presented approach will be the milestone toward creation of the Polish national standard for engineering-geological information management. The paper presents the approach and methodology of data unification, thematic vocabularies harmonisation, assumptions and results of data modelling as well as process of the integration of domain model with enterprise architecture implemented in PGS. Currently, there is no geological data standard in Poland. Lack of guidelines for borehole and spatial data management results in an increasing data dispersion as well as in growing barrier for multilevel data management and implementation of efficient decision support tools. Building the national geological data standard makes geotechnical information accessible to multiple institutions, universities, administration and research organisations and gather their data in the same, unified digital form according to the presented data model. Such approach is compliant with current digital trends and the idea of Spatial Data Infrastructure. Efficient geological data management is essential to support the sustainable development and the economic growth, as they allow implementation of geological information to assist the idea of Smart Cites, deliver information for Building Information Management (BIM) and support modern spatial planning. The engineering-geological domain data model presented in the paper is a scalable solution. Future implementation of developed procedures on other domains of PGS geological data is possible.

Periphery Dichotomy and its Investigation by GIS Methods

Centre-periphery dichotomy can be regarded as one of the crucial issues in human geography and regional science. The definition of periphery is far from unambiguous due to its relative expression and its content. This is the reason why can significant number of studies be found focusing on the delimitation of central and peripheral areas. The revolution of computer technology and the rapid development of GIS cause the more and more extended usage of these techniques in the human geography as well. These related studies were categorised by their approaches – namely the locational or developmental centreperiphery concepts – and their GIS tools. Application of spatial parameters with extended datasets and complex GIS based calculations mean the most precise and complicated use of GIS and computer tools in the delimitation of peripheral (and central) areas.

Featured Collection Introduction: Open Water Data Initiative

Featured Collection Introduction: Open Water Data Initiative

Towards a New Methodology for Web GIS Development

There has been an increasing need for geospatial information that is delivered through internet technologies. This broad category of systems is referred to as Web Geographic Information Systems (Web GIS). These systems exhibit characteristics common to both stand-alone and web-based systems making it necessary to apply a hybrid methodology during their development. This paper proposes a methodology for developing Web GIS that is herein referred to as the Y-Model Web GIS Development Methodology (YWDM) which has been adapted from existing software development methodologies and applied to the context of Web GIS development. The paper outlines in details the phases of the methodology. Its viability as a methodology has been tested through its use in the implementation of the Emuhaya Web GIS portal. The methodology presented here is not intended to be a rigid guide for web GIS development but instead it provides a useful framework for guiding the process.

Co-designing possible flooding solutions: Participatory mapping methods to identify flood management options from a UK Borders case study

his paper reports on the findings developed by a funded project within the UK Rural Economy and Land Use Programme: ‘Managing borderlands: adaptive decision making amongst specialists and non-specialists’. The project focuses specifically on the development of a nested-scale participatory GIS (PGIS) method to identify spatially local perceptions and experiential knowledge of the risk and vulnerability of two catchments in the Scottish–English Borders. The method attempts to move beyond mapping risk towards the co-design of possible solutions. This will highlight the potential for improved inclusion of local perspectives on risk afforded by using PGIS mapping approaches in the UK context. The potential of the approach to generate co-designed community preferences leading to more resilient solutions (particularly in terms of social and economic consequences) to environmental change will also be discussed.

Spatial data sharing implementation in Malaysia’s marine organisations: a case study

This paper discusses the explanatory study of spatial information sharing in Malaysian marine-related organisations. A semi-structured interview is used to explore the GIS implementation in the organisation. This paper also examines the drivers and issues in implementing marine spatial data sharing within and between marine organisations. Eleven marine and coastal-related organisations were interviewed. Thematic and SWOT analysis was selected to categorise information into several themes and factors including internal and external factors that affected the GIS and spatial data sharing implementation in the organisations. The results revealed that most of the respondents were aware of the importance of GIS and spatial data sharing to support certain aspects of the management of the organisation. The results also show the lack of planning and implementation of GIS, lack of awareness of the importance of GIS and spatial data sharing, and lack of communication and cooperation within and between organisations. To improve the marine spatial information sharing, two strategies was proposed: improving GIS strategic planning to focus on GIS planning and development in the organisation, and enhancing cooperation to focus on developing the connection and communication between organisations to facilitate spatial information sharing.

Brief Discussion of Surveying Technology of Three-dimensional Digital Topographic Map

3D digital Topographic drawing adopts 3D profile technology and demonstrates geographic space phenomenon to users, reflects the space features of geographic entity in an integrated and accurate manner and thus realizes even more complete, accurate and straight-forward expression of the objective world. It can not only express the plane relationship between space objects, but also accurately describe and express the ground elevation and geometric object height which upgrade the space expression ability and measuring level of digital map and enhance the space acknowledge ability and analytic ability of map. This article aims to elaborate on 3D digital topographic drawing in three aspects: surveying, mapping and application; mainly introduce the mapping methods of 3D topography and geometric object, integrated matching technologies of topographic model and geometric object model and application of 3D digital topographic drawing. It is expected to have a positive promotion role in the development of 3D GIS.

Fusion of Knowledge Management for Sustainable Development of GIS & Remote Sensing

The knowledge management system included a customized user interface for data. A geographic information system enables us to view, analyze and understand multiple geographically referenced data. It provides us with location based information on like-vegetation, roads, villages, town, cities, or water supplies. GIS is often used for explaining events, predicting outcomes, and planning strategies. Remote sensing is the measurement of the earth using sensors on airplanes or satellites this provide a repetitive consistent view of earth, facilitating the ability to monitor the earth system and the effect of human activities on earth. Remote sensed imagery is integrated within a GIS environment. The combination of the two gives us extensive geographical knowledge. We can apply this knowledge to the way we design and develop the project. An excellent tool that is increasingly important in the detection, description, quantification and monitoring environmental changes is Remote Sensing, which, in combination with geographic information systems and fieldwork, is an effective management tool. In this paper, fusion of knowledge management for sustainable development of GIS and remote sensing for land management is reviewed, and the potential of new satellite systems to contribute to sustainable development is explored. Other elements for successful sustainable development are then compared and contrasted with information requirements.

A participatory web map service: the case of Theewaterskloof Dam

In recent years there have been huge advancements in GIS as a technology and as a science. Previously, GIS was critiqued as a segregating science used exclusively by geospatial experts. In recent years however, various studies have investigated the potential for communities without geospatial training to contribute towards, or benefit from, the use of GIS. Indeed, innovations such as open source and internet based packages like Google Earth and Open Street Map as well as mobile navigation devices have already popularised the importance of geospatial data. This study sought to investigate one way of providing up-to-date maps to fishermen and tourists using dams in South Africa. The paper reports on a pilot case study in the use of web based GIS service for mapping on the Theewaterskloof dam in South Africa. It presents a case study methodology for the development and testing of a web GIS that can be optimised for smartphones and tablets so that communities can access updated information while using the dam, which is rated as dangerous, for fishing or other recreational activity.