Development Of Freight Transport Research Articles

Logistics potential to ensure the resilience of the Ukrainian economic system facing global challenges

The aim of this paper is to assess the logistics potential to ensure the resilience of the economic system of Ukraine in the face of global challenges. The methods used in the study include: structural-dynamic, determinological, correlation analysis, index method, graphical and cartographic methods. The calculations were based on open data from analytical studies on the development of transport and logistics, as well as data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis that high logistics potential, which is determined by the effectiveness of customs and border control, the quality of trade and transport infrastructure, the ease of organization of delivery, and the quality of logistics services, is the driver of the resilience of socio-economic systems of countries. The reduction of the logistical potential of the economic system of Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale war is shown. This decrease resulted from blocked operation of a number of logistics routes and branches of the transport and logistics sphere and destroyed transport infrastructure objects as a result of hostilities and missile attacks.A change in the vector of export-import flows and their reorientation by means of transport was noted. Drivers of strengthening the logistics potential of the Ukrainian economic system are the transformation of the transport and logistics system, deepening cooperation with neighboring countries, systematic state support for the development of freight transportation by rail, compliance with European standards, and creation of Ukrzaliznytsia’s own freight carrier company that will work outside Ukraine. AcknowledgmentThis study was carried out within the framework of the international project “Increasing the capacity of freight transportation infrastructure on EU-Ukraine borders” (№ 22220189) implemented under the Visegrad Grant+ Programme.

The impact of the war on the development of freight transportation in Ukraine

The paper analyzes the relevance of the chosen research topic, in particular, the importance of the freight transportation sector for the development of the Ukrainian economy. The significant impact of a full-scale war on the dynamics of freight transportation and structural changes in this market, which began in 2022, is substantiated. The dynamics of prices for A95 gasoline and diesel fuel for 2022-2024, UAH, is analyzed and analyzed. The dynamics of prices for freight transportation for 2022-2023 is analyzed and substantiated, UAH. The structure of the Ukrainian freight transportation market by export and import of goods as of 2022 is analyzed and analyzed. It is determined that the war affected the rise in fuel prices, which led to higher transportation prices and fuel shortages. It is determined that the largest share in 2022 belonged to rail transport, namely: 50% were exports and 41% were imports. It is determined that most of the cargo was transported by road and rail during the study period. The dynamics of the volume of freight traffic in Ukraine by types of transport for 2021-2022, million tons, is analyzed and substantiated. The paper analyzes the introduction of electronic queues and electronic registration "e-queue". The main problems faced by freight transportation are identified. A way to optimize the costs of enterprises under martial law is proposed. The expediency of introducing digital technologies, which should primarily lead to time savings and faster delivery, is substantiated. The use of a logistics chain management system based on the Digital Twin technology is proposed, the use of which will positively affect the organization of the process of cargo transportation by road and minimize unnecessary costs. The process of implementing Digital Twin in the logistics processes of a carrier company is depicted schematically. Conclusions are drawn about the impact of the war on the development of freight transportation in Ukraine.

Green technologies and marketing tools in ensuring sustainable development of mining enterprises

The aim of the article. The purpose of the study is to determine the harmful impact on the environment and human health caused by the operation of the spatial diesel transport units at mining facilities and to prove the feasibility of transferring them to innovative green technologies in combination with the use of special marketing tools. Analysis results. In the 21st century, environmental crises in Ukraine and other countries around the world have been significantly intensified due to anthropogenic activities, slowing down the development of economies and harming the health and well-being of citizens. A number of concepts have been proposed to address environmental, social, and economic problems, among which the concepts of sustainable development and green economy have taken a special place. The last one is particularly important in the context of this study, as it aims to ensure a more harmonious relationship between economic, environmental, and social components, and is directly related to green marketing and environmental management approaches. Therefore, marketing and management tools play a significant role in ensuring the sustainable development of the biosphere and society. This investigation is dedicated, first of all, to the mining industry of Ukraine, but the results are relevant to other countries too. From one point of view, the mining industry is one of the major drivers of the Ukrainian economy, but from the other – it also has a significant negative impact on the environment. Therefore, increasing the efficiency of operation and ensuring sustainable, environmentally friendly development of mining enterprises through the active implementation of "green" technologies within the framework of the above-mentioned concepts is an extremely urgent task, especially given that a lot of special equipment and transport units are operating on such enterprises. Conclusions and directions for further research. As a result of the study, it was determined that the effectiveness of the application of marketing principles for the sustainable development of the mining enterprises’ transport units opens up wide opportunities for improving the management of natural resources and, as a result, meeting human needs, achieving the goals of decarbonization and sustainable development of industry, and preventing global climate change. The implementation of even seemingly insignificant environmental innovations in the mining industry, and especially in its freight transportation, is a significant and very important contribution to environmental protection, sustainable development of society and the biosphere, smart usage of natural resources, etc. And improving the logistics schemes of such enterprises, as well as making fundamental changes and transformations in this area based on the widespread use of modern digital technologies is another very important step towards ensuring the sustainable development of freight transportation at mining enterprises. In the context of green marketing, the implementation of the research results will make it possible to meet the demands of society for the greening of the mining industry as a whole, as well as the demand of individual consumers for environmentally acceptable products from specific mining companies.

Infrastructural constraints impeding the development of high-speed freight rail transportation in Russia

The article is devoted to the problem of infrastructural restrictions that hinder the development of high-speed freight transportation by rail in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the chosen topic is confirmed by the presence of a significant number of scientific publications that reflect the national specifics of the modern development of freight transportation using HSR and their infrastructure. The purpose of the article is to determine the infrastructural constraints that hinder the development of freight transportation in HSR transport systems tailored to the Russian specifics of infrastructure development. The object of the study is the infrastructure of railway transport and the rolling stock fleet, the subject is high-speed freight transportation. The main methods used in the study are an analysis and systematization of scientific publications on the topic, a quantitative analysis of open-source data, and interviews with Russian experts in the field under study. In the course of research there have been systematized the infrastructural constraints that hinder the development of high-speed freight transportation in Russia, and the possibilities of using special rolling stock have been considered. According to the results of the study of the Russian service market, there are determined the prospects for its further development through the introduction of a new type of railway transport service, “container — express”, and the factors preventing its successful adaptation. The results obtained can be useful both to the business community in terms of developing strategies and tactics for the introduction of high-speed container freight transportation into the segment of the Russian market, and to regulatory authorities in the field of transport in terms of promoting innovative business models and improving the quality of transport customer service.

ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДОСТАВКИ ГРУЗОВ В РЕСПУБЛИКУ САХА (ЯКУТИЯ)

The paper considers the main ways of cargo delivery to the northern territories of the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Yakutia. The authors substantiate the relevance and significance of the research topic. The main transport artery within the framework of the northern delivery is the Lena River, along which, during the summer river navigation, most of the cargo is delivered from the port of Osetrovo (Ust-Kut) to the ports of Yakutsk and Tiksi. However, due to the completion of the Amur-Yakutsk Mainline, the role of the Yakutsk river port as a logistics hub for cargo delivery to remote and northern areas of the Arctic zone is increasing. The authors of the paper clearly prove the advantages of the new cargo delivery route under the scheme: "railway -river" via Yakutsk in comparison with the traditional delivery route from the port of Osetrovo. Promising areas for the development of freight transportation in Yakutia are associated with the implementation of projects for the construction of a railway bridge across the Lena River in Yakutsk and the modernization of the seaport of Tiksi, which serves as a reference point in the Arctic zone of Yakutia in the framework of the transport corridor "Northern Sea Route".

Impact of Logistics Trends on Freight Transport Development in Urban Areas

City logistics is subject to constant development, generated by new logistics trends and high customers’ expectations. With the aim of creating an effective, acceptable, and sustainable city logistics policy, it is therefore essential to understand logistics trends and their expected impact on the development of urban freight transport in the future. In this paper, we explore and compare the expectations of public authorities, business, and academia regarding the short-, medium-, and long-term impacts of different logistics trends on urban logistics. Following a literature review, the expert survey was used to assess the expected impact and time horizon. According to the respondents, “e-commerce”, “automated vehicles”, “electric vehicles”, “grey power logistics”, “omni-channel logistics”, and the “desire for speed” will have the greatest impact on urban freight transport in the future. An interesting observation concerns some differences of opinion between public and private stakeholders. In general, the business community believes that the identified trends will have a greater impact on urban logistics in a shorter period of time, while public authorities believe that the mentioned trends will have a less strong impact on urban logistics in a longer time scale. This shows the need for more active collaboration between them in the policy-making process.

Using energy consumption constraints to control the freight transportation structure in China (2021–2030)

China has formulated a series of energy-saving policies to combat climate change, including energy consumption limit to 6 billion tonnes of standard coal by 2030, thus controlling the energy consumption of freight transportation is crucial for achieving energy-saving goals. In this study, the annual control model for freight transportation structure adjustment (FTSA-AC model) was established from the perspectives of the target year prediction and intermediate year controlling to control energy consumption in the freight sector. Innovatively, an efficient algorithm was designed to solve the model and obtain the annual control plan of freight transportation structure adjustment in China (2021–2030). Accordingly, the national freight transportation structure will be continuously adjusted to the optimal state until 2027, and the freight turnover will be achieved at a steady growth rate of 1.50% from 2027 to 2030. The freight turnover will reach 22888.040 billion tonne-kilometres by 2030, in which railways, highways, waterways, and aviation would account for 18.92%, 30.20%, 50.76%, and 0.12%, respectively. According to the results, freight energy consumption will reach its peak in 2029, with 145 million tonnes of standard coal. Lastly, a series of reasonable policy recommendations were presented to provide a reference for energy-efficient freight transport development in China.

The current state and prospects for the development of freight transportation in innovative type vessels

The article presents the results of an analysis of the current state of freight transportation in innovative type vessels (hovercraft, hydrofoils, cargo, passenger and cargo-passenger single and multi-hull displacement vessels). Foreign and domestic experience in the field of design and operation of the types of vessels under consideration is summarized, the most interesting examples and developments are given. A number of publications in the field under consideration were analyzed, the most interesting and promising proposals and recommendations of various scientists and authors were identified. Based on the completed review of experience, as well as the analysis of scientific publications, conclusions and proposals were made on the most promising areas of further research on improving the organizational and technical aspects of freight transportation using high-speed and innovative-type vessels.

Antecedents of freight transportation for sustainable supply chain in the post-COVID era: an emerging market study

PurposeIn past years, the global supply chain has witnessed devastating effects of coronavirus (COVID-19) disease. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has renewed the interest of the Sustainable Supply Chain (SSC) stakeholders on sustainability. The stakeholders are now rethinking their business processes and strategy to make them sustainable. In this context, the relevant literature is required to support emerging markets to formulate sustainability-focussed strategies. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of potential antecedents that leads towards sustainable development of freight transportation in emerging markets.Design/methodology/approachInitially, the antecedents of the Sustainable Freight Transport (SFT) system are derived from the literature survey followed by verification from the experts. Then, the potential antecedents are categorized under four (social, organizational, operational and environmental) broad categories. Afterwards, a Neutrosophic Analytic Network Process (N-ANP) method is employed to obtain the priority weights of the identified potential antecedents.FindingsThe paper identified and ranked 17 antecedents of the SFT system. According to the study’s findings, the top three antecedents of SFT are “the presence of a multimodal transportation system,” “circularity in SFT” and “traffic congestion management”. The results from the study advocate the promotion of existing multi-modal transport facilities which is promising to achieve sustainability. The results suggested the adoption of the digital twin to manage the transport operations.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on how to achieve sustainability in the freight transportation system post-COVID era highlighting the potential antecedents. The study’s findings will assist practitioners in developing SFT strategies in the face of such pandemics in future.

The indirect economic impact of rail freight transport: An input–output case study for Belgium

The modal share of rail freight transport has shown little movement during the past years, despite the policy efforts made. This raises the question if intermodality should be really considered a strength for rail freight transport development. In order to make a strong case for future development decisions on rail freight transport, this paper is studying its direct and indirect economic impact on the Belgian national economy. It adapts the existing input–output methodology by distilling the rail freight sector from the existing general combined ‘public and freight land transport sector’ within the national calculations of the Belgian input–output table, performed by the Federal Planning Office every five years. The methodology is developed by adopting a set of assumptions, necessary to overcome data limitations, and with the collection of relevant customer and supplier data from the largest Belgian rail freight operator, holding a market share of over 85%. The outcome of the research is an adapted input–output table with a detailed 'rail freight transport' sector, highlighting the different economic relationships with the original sectors of the national input–output table. It is no surprise that strong links with other transportation sectors exist. In addition, a Leontief multiplier is calculated, approximating the total economic effect in terms of monetary units, when the output demand in the investigated rail freight sector is increased by one of this monetary unit. The study reveals a potentially high total effect on the national economy.

Формування інформаційного забезпечення розвитку вантажних перевезень АТ «Укрзалізниця»

A methodical approach to the formation of indicators of the information base of management decisions on the development of freight JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”, which consists in calculating the taxonomy of the level of development of freight by substantiating systems and its elements: eighteen static systems, elements of which are six regional railways; seven dynamic systems – regional branches and in general JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”. A spatial and temporal comparison of the development of freight transportation of selected systems is carried out. The taxonomy index is calculated on the basis of five indicators of freight traffic for the period 2002-2019. The analysis of static systems made it possible to identify the uneven development of freight transportation of regional branches of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” for the studied 18 years. The temporal comparison of the levels of development of freight traffic by each railway in particular also showed their instability. Fluctuations are observed in the last three years of the study period. In 2018, JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” demonstrated the lowest level of freight transportation development for the entire analyzed year 2002-2019. It was established that both external and internal factors caused the negative impact on rail transportation, in particular: the economic crisis of 2014-2015; military action in eastern Ukraine; ineffective management at different levels of government. The introduction of quarantine measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused unprofitable and deteriorating financial and economic performance of JSC Ukrzaliznytsia, and its six regional branches in 2020, in particular, revenues from freight transportation decreased by 10.3% compared to 2019, and net loss amounted to UAH 11.9 billion. Implementing the anti-crisis plan by the management of JSC Ukrzaliznytsia and the improvement of operational work in the freight segment has yielded some positive results. However, for the effective planning and management decisions in the field of freight transportation an important component is the proper formation of an information base. The proposed methodological approach will serve as an effective tool not only in the management of the freight segment of individual regional branches or enterprises in particular, but also the economic development of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” in general and can be used by other large companies.

Development of Freight Transport in Indonesia: Towards Sustainability Transport

Development of Freight Transport in Indonesia: Towards Sustainability Transport

Empirical Study on the relationship between freight volume and economic development of provinces and cities in China

The transportation industry is the basic and leading industry of the national economy, and it is an important pillar of the national economy. The freight transportation is an important part of the transportation and plays an important role in the economic development. At the same time, the development of freight transport itself is also affected by the economy. Therefore, this paper studies the relationship between cargo transportation and economic growth, and explores the internal relationship and law between them, so as to provide reference for the development of cargo transportation and the growth of national economy. This paper selects the freight volume and GDP indicators of 31 provinces and cities in China from 1993 to 2018, and discusses the development trend of GDP and freight volume from the perspective of provinces and cities. The results are as follows: 1. Freight volume and GDP showed an upward trend from 1993 to 2018, but the growth of freight volume was slower than that of GDP. 2. There is a co integration relationship between GDP and freight volume, and the national GDP increases by 0.954% for every 1% increase in freight turnover. 3. There are differences in the driving effect of freight volume in typical regions and provinces.

Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Measuring and Promoting Sustainable Transportation and Green Logistics

The sustainable development of freight transport has received much attention in recent years. The new regulations for sustainable transport activities established by the European Commission and the United Nations have created the need for road freight transport companies to develop methodologies to measure the social and environmental impact of their activities. This work aims to develop a model based on supervised machine learning methods with intelligent classification algorithms and key performance indicators for each dimension of sustainability as input data. This model allows establishing the level of sustainability (high, medium, or low). Several classification algorithms were trained, finding that the support vector machines algorithm is the most accurate, with 98% accuracy for the data set used. The model is tested by establishing the level of sustainability of a European company in the road freight sector, thus allowing the establishment of green strategies for its sustainable development.

STATISTICAL DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT WHICH REFLECTS THE NEED FOR CATALYSTS

This paper deals with the analysis and expected development of freight transport and especially road freight transport in Slovakia and in the European Union. Transport, which ensures the movement of goods, animals and people in all countries around the world, has a significant influence on the development of the national economy. However, this development of transport has a negative impact on the global ecological situation, and therefore devices, that eliminate this impact, are still developing at the same time. These devices include catalytic converters (catalysts) for exhaust systems fitted to all modern propulsion systems of road, rail and water vehicles that use burning petrol or diesel. Based on the development of transport, the need for catalysts is derived, which still use elements of the PGMs (Platinum Group Metals). The result of the article is an analysis and expected predicted development of freight transport and road freight transport in both cases - in Slovakia and in the EU, which will affect the future demand for PGMs.

Freight Transportation and Economic Growth for Zones: Sustainability and Development Strategy in China

The causal relationship between zonal freight turnover and gross domestic product (GDP) are receiving increasing attention to coordinate the balanced development of freight transportation and zonal economic level effectively. However, studies on the causality direction between freight transportation and economic have so far been in debate. To understand the relationship of causality direction between transportation and economic development for different zones which can provide decision support for public policies, econometrics is used to analyze the relationship between them. This paper investigates the relationship between GDP and freight turnover for economic zones of stationary series and non-stationary sequences using the vector autoregressive (VAR) and the vector error correction models (VECM). The impulse response analysis and variance decomposition are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the models. The Granger causality test is exploited to discover the relationship between transportation and economic development in each economic zone. The data on freight transportation and GDP in China from 2003 to 2018 is used. Results show that the relationship between freight turnover and GDP in the Northeast economic zone is bidirectional. A unidirectional relationship exists between freight turnover and GDP in the Circum Bohai-Sea, the Pearl River, Middle Part, Southwest, and Northwest zone. And the Granger causality is not obvious in the Yangtze River economic zone. In addition, suggestions for the zonal development of transportation and economic systems are provided. This study can provide a basis to adopt relevant policies and measures of sustainable development between transportation and economic growth for different zones.

СТРАТЕГІЧНІ НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСКОРДОННОГО СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА

The article examines the views of scientists on the definition of the content of the category cooperation, which made it possible to establish the existence of political, program-Project, regional, integration, sociological, realistic and Conflict-Cooperation approaches to understanding this concept. The existing models and forms of development of cross-border cooperation are studied. The classification of types of cross-border railway transport cooperation has been supplemented with the following features: 1) project implementation duration: one-time, long-term; 2) the form of implementation of cooperation: transport communication, virtual interaction, localization of production; 3) the nature of relations: formal, informal; 4) groups of projects of strategic cross-border cooperation of railway transport: projects for the development of freight transport and logistics, projects for the development of passenger transport, infrastructure development projects, traction services development projects, production and service development projects. Examples of infrastructure projects implemented on the basis of cross-border cooperation are given. The interrelation of priorities for the development of railway transport infrastructure and goals-values of socio-economic growth of regions within the framework of cross-border cooperation is revealed. Strategic directions for the development of railway transport infrastructure within a cross-border region are defined. It is proved that the development of railway transport infrastructure within cross-border regions should occur at the expense of: first, improving interoperability with EU railways; second, expanding virtual interaction; third, stimulating the creation of localized production facilities; fourth, the growth of the quality and availability of transport and logistics services within cross-border regions.

Проблеми та перспективи розвитку міжнародного ринку транспортних послуг

The current situation in the world economy is characterized by varying degrees of development of national economies and their openness to participate in international economic relations, the saturation of trade flows at different stages of cooperation between countries, increasing passenger flows, on the one hand, and insufficient economic development. base, a small number of modern studies of the methodological basis for the functioning of the transport and logistics complex in modern science, on the other hand, cause an objective need for mentioned places, the role and importance of transport services as an important economic category. The structural shifts that determine the movement of world production and international trade are largely determined by the transformations taking place in the world transport complex. No foreign trade operation can be imagined without the participation of transport, in any case, the goods must be delivered from seller to buyer. Transport service - a service for the performance of the contract of carriage of people and goods. In the implementation of foreign trade, road transport has certain advantages over other modes of transport: maneuverability, delivery of goods "door to door"; urgency and regularity of delivery; delivery can be organized according to the system "just in time" (exactly on time); packaging (required in smaller quantities or not required at all). This article examines the trends and prospects for the development of the international market of transport services. The question of the current state of the freight market is stated. The main problems of the international market of transport services are clarified. The factors influencing the further development of the market of transport services are determined. Substantiated tasks in the field of international agreements in the field of road transport. The study allows us to consider and analyze important areas of innovative development and application of modern technologies in the field of transport. Prospects for further development of freight transportation are considered and generalized.

The mechanism’s study of fixing a container on a freight wagon type Rgs

In freight transport is constantly evolving in the world. An important role in development of freight transport is the increasing usually a speed to 180 km/h of freight trains. In multimodal transport, all the goods are transported in containers. Therefore, the freight is mostly containerized. Several containers in freight trains are transported on Rgs freight wagons. On Rgs platforms of freight wagons are bolts of which the containers are fixed. The role of these bolts is very important because when the train takes the curve or brakes ward, containers could leave the wagon’s platform. In this paper, we represented a Rgs Wagon loaded with two containers. We have to mention that the dimensions of wagon and containers have been made using original projects. Furthermore, we are approached the theoretical aspects referring to the clamping system. We set out to accomplish a through search of both the used bolt to Rgs wagons and new model of bolt. This research was caried out with the help of finite elements method. The design part and the study with finite elements were made in NX 12 software from Siemens. Because of these bolts types they following stress: normal, shear and von Mises. As a consequence, we deduced that the second bolt type is more reliable.

Scenarios for the Development of Multimodal Transport in the TRITIA Cross-Border Area

As the demand for transport is growing, more and more attention is being paid to its quality aspects. These include, among other things, efficiency, safety, and a continuous effort to reduce external costs. That is why the transport policies of the EU countries and individual regions are increasingly addressing the issue of sustainable transport development. Multimodal transport, which is seen as a key element to effectively counterbalance the dominant role of vehicle transport in the economic progress of the European Community, plays an important role in these programmes. For consistency and continuity of freight flows, cooperation between neighbouring countries and regions is essential. The future of multimodal freight transport within the cross-border area of Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia is not as evident as the transport policies imply. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to identify a set of factors determining the development of multimodal transport within the cross-border area of TRITIA (The European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation of the four regional governments of Moravian-Silesian Region (CZ), Opole Voivodeship (PL), Silesian Voivodeship (PL) and Žilina Self-governing Region (SK)) and to develop four scenarios, the execution of which in the 2030 perspective depends on the implementation of cross-border infrastructure and organisational projects and the increasing level of cooperation in the field of multimodal transport. The article contains the methodology for developing scenarios of multimodal freight transport development. The research showed that initiating activities targeted at the development of multimodal transport within the cross-border area requires the involvement of all participants in the process, i.e., all countries (Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia), along with many different stakeholders. The future development of multimodal transport as provided for in the scenarios is not linearly correlated with the increase in cooperation and the number of implemented infrastructure and organisational projects. It is vital for future research to define the role of stakeholders both in terms of cooperation and collaboration development.