Moral Development Research Articles

The Role of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Fostering Students' Morals at State Vocational High School 1 Banyudono

<p>Personality is a crucial factor for the success of students in the learning process. Instilling good habits from an early age is very important for students. Teachers play a significant role in schools, especially Islamic Education (PAI) teachers, who are educators directly responsible for moral development and the inculcation of legal norms concerning right and wrong, as well as responsibility. This study aims to determine the roles, methods, supporting factors, and obstacles faced by PAI teachers in shaping the personalities of students at SMKN 01 Banyudono Boyolali. The approach used is qualitative, employing case study research methods through data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study conclude that PAI teachers play an essential role in the moral development of students at SMKN 1 Banyudono, primarily as educators, guides, habituators, and implementers of religious activities. Efforts made by PAI teachers to cultivate students' morals include encouraging the habit of reciting "basmallah" at the beginning of learning activities, saying "hamdallah" at the end, starting lessons by reciting Asma’ul Husna, maintaining classroom cleanliness, assigning additional tasks to memorize prayer recitations, promoting Quranic literacy, guiding and setting an example for students to perform congregational prayers, and actively participating in the execution of religious activities.</p>

Affective Education to Build Students' Character in the Era of Society 5.0

This research uses a literature review method. Researchers use various reference sources that are relevant and necessary regarding research. In essence, affective education is education that aims at the ethical, moral, emotional, feeling and social development of students. Affective education is attitude education to shape students into good individuals and good social communities. Character also has a close relationship with the term morals or often referred to as budi character. The Society 5.0 era is an era where humans can live side by side with technological developments. This research discusses the importance of affective education in schools/madrasas to shape student character in the era of society 5.0.

Imbibing an effective Political Culture as a Catalyst to Good Governance and Sustainable Development in Nigeria.

The method by which Nigeria has been governed in the over sixty-two years of her independence and the level of her moral, social, and economic development are all indicative of a defective politica,l cultural values and practices that are subscribed to by both the leaders and the followers. Sustainable development and good governance do not take place in a vacuum, but in a society of people with an effective political cultural values and practices. Culture is an all-embracing entity, a vehicle to total development. Any nation that aims at progress without an effective political culture is only deceiving herself by engaging in self -immolation. Political culture, when promoted and enhanced becomes the spring board for progress. It is against this background that this paper identifies the principal aspects of our political cultural life as an essential ingredient for the attainment of good governance and sustainable development. Through critical analysis and evaluation, we are able to subject our political beliefs and social practices to the searching light of criticism and suggest what can promote the kind of self-understanding that would provide some basis for determining the kind of politico-cultural reconstructions that would be required to attune Nigeria to changes in her existential demand.

Religiosity and Attitudes: A Study of Indonesian Islamic Primary School Students

The integration of religious learning significantly shapes students' educational experiences and character development. This study explores specific dimensions of religiosity in the attitudes of Islamic primary school students in Indonesia, focusing on awareness, initiative, and altruism. Using a qualitative design with a grounded theory approach, the research was conducted in 64 classes from grades 1 to 6, involving 1,920 students. Instruments included a guidebook of students' daily worship activities and teacher observations. Data were analyzed using NVivo 14 and Crosstab analysis. The findings reveal that students' external religiosity, influenced by their environment and personal motivation, leads to internal religiosity characterized by conscientiousness, initiative, and altruism. Conscientiousness reflects adherence to religious norms, initiative is shown through disciplined and pious actions, and altruism manifests in helping others based on religious teachings. The study concludes that the development of students' religiosity dimensions results from disciplined and continuous training supported by teachers and parents. The findings highlight the importance of ongoing attention and guidance in fostering altruistic attitudes. These insights have implications for educators, policymakers, and parents, emphasizing the need for comprehensive religious education that promotes ethical behavior and social responsibility. Future research should explore the long-term effects of religious education on moral and social development, its impact across diverse backgrounds, and the role of digital platforms in enhancing religious education.

Assessing dual use risks in AI research: necessity, challenges and mitigation strategies

This article argues that due to the difficulty in governing AI, it is essential to develop measures implemented early in the AI research process. The goal of dual use considerations is to create robust strategies that uphold AI’s integrity while protecting societal interests. The challenges of applying dual use frameworks to AI research are examined and dual use and dual use research of concern (DURC) are defined while highlighting the difficulties in balancing the technology’s benefits and risks. AI’s dual use potential is discussed, particularly in areas like NLP and LLMs, and the need for early consideration of dual use risks to ensure ethical and secure development is underscored. In the section on shared responsibilities in AI research and avenues for mitigation strategies the importance of early-stage risk assessments and ethical guidelines to mitigate misuse is emphasized, accentuating self-governance within scientific communities and structured measures like checklists and pre-registration to promote responsible research practices. The final section argues that research ethics committees play a crucial role in evaluating the dual use implications of AI technologies within the research pipeline. The need for tailored ethics review processes is articulated, drawing parallels with medical research ethics committees.

Markets and morality: how markets shape our (dis)regard for others

Abstract Scholars since Hume and Smith have debated possible causal connections between market experiences and moral beliefs. Here, we study the impact of market interactions on utilitarian versus deontological values, charitable donations, and whether individuals have differential in-group/out-group moral views. We randomly assign workers residing across several nations of varying income levels to different market conditions and found that, in low-income nations, tournament-based compensation increased deontological commitments, especially toward out-group members, and donations by productive workers, but decreased donations by less productive workers. In higher-income nations, the effect on deontological commitments reversed, while effects on out-group attitudes and donations became insignificant. These findings suggest that if utilitarian attitudes lead to more market-oriented policies, then multiple steady states arise wherein some countries sustain high levels of utilitarian attitudes and economic growth alongside progressively weakening deontological commitments and interpersonal regard for others, putting economic rationality and liberal moral development at odds.

Supporting and Inhibiting Factors in the Development of Indonesian Language with the Integration of Islamic Education Values

This study explores the development of Indonesian language teaching materials integrated with Islamic Education (PAI) values for Grade XI students at SMA Terpadu Bustanul Arifin Bener Meriah, during the 2024-2025 academic year. The research employs a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, focusing on identifying the supporting and inhibiting factors in this integration. Key supporting factors include the availability of Indonesian language books published by Kemendiknas and strong support from Indonesian language and PAI teachers. Inhibiting factors include the absence of National Instructors (IN) for the Indonesian language subject in Situbondo Regency, limited creativity and design skills in the developed materials, inadequate IT proficiency among teachers, and time constraints. The study concludes that while the initiative shows promise, addressing these challenges is critical to ensuring the successful integration of PAI values into the curriculum. This integration aims to enhance not only linguistic skills but also the moral and spiritual development of students, aligning with the broader educational objectives of the 2013 curriculum.

Parenting Through Piil Pesenggikhi Values of Lampung Culture for Early Childhood Moral Development

This research aims to reveal how piil pesenggikhi develops and becomes a family parenting pattern for the Lampung people. Piil pesenggikhi is taught by parents from early childhood through the family environment. However, immoral behaviours are still committed by children from Lampung community families. The problem formulation presented is how parents teach their children these values for early childhood moral development. This research uses qualitative methods to examine Lampung community families and traditional Lampung elders. Researchers found a specific identity from the values of piil pesenggikhi, including nemui nyimah, juluk adok, nengah nyappor, and sakai sambayan. Through these values, early childhood moral development is carried out through learning that prioritizes respect, courtesy, hospitality, acceptance of differences, perseverance, and teaching children to help each other.

Bridging the Gap Between Sīla and Samādhi: The Role of Mindfulness in Pre-Meditative Practice

This article explores the dynamic aspect of sīla, which entails divergent constructions of the moral practice in the schemes of the path in the Pāli canonical and post-canonical texts. In early Buddhist tradition, sīla is usually defined as the moral discipline consisting of three factors of the Eightfold Path (Right Speech, Right Action, and Right Livelihood), corresponding with varied lists of precepts applied to different agents. In addition to that partial understanding, this paper aspires to enrich the concept of sīla that goes beyond mere observance of precepts and includes practices related to the extended category of mindfulness. In the advanced stages of the path, mindfulness is usually incorporated with samādhi (concentration) to access deep meditative states. Nonetheless, the different interpretations of the path imply that some features of mindfulness practice have an active role in the prior mental dimension of moral development. Practices such as sati-sampajañña (mindfulness and clear comprehension), bhojane mattaññū (moderation in eating), jāgariyā (wakefulness), and santosa (contentment) all precede formal meditative development. However, they are included under the wide framework of mindfulness. Although these practices are not identified as ethical per se, they play a vital role in the practice of sīla and provide the necessary conditions for advanced mental development in formal meditative practice. As a result of these findings, this paper aspires to expand the notion of sīla as an integrated stage that combines bodily, verbal, and mental development, which comprises the pre-meditative practice.

Peran Bimbingan Konseling Pesantren dalam Meningkatkan Penguatan Karakter Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Baytul Mukarromah Watampone

Islamic boarding school counseling guidance is a form of implementing services provided to help students or santri to develop into individuals who are independent, responsible, creative, productive and behave honestly through character strengthening education. The values that exist in character education are included in Islamic boarding schools' guidance and counseling services. The role of Islamic boarding school counseling is to instill the habit of practicing Islamic teachings in students or santri in daily life through the practice of worship. With program material covering faith, morals and worship. Forming character cannot be done in an instant by giving advice, orders, or instructions, but with the role of the Islamic boarding school guidance and counseling program. The formation of character requires an example, patience, habituation, and repetition. Thus, the process of education and character strengthening will be experienced by students or santri as a form of personality or self-character experience. The values of religious and moral life will strengthen the character of cooperation, time discipline, courage, and confidence in daily activities and learning processes. This is a step to gain knowledge and be able to apply knowledge in the form of skills work and as a positive attitude. From the results of this study, several important things were obtained regarding the role of Islamic boarding schools as a character strengthening program in madrasas. First, helping students or santri in dealing with the problems of everyday life. Second, giving motivation to students or students and teachers in order to build a spirit of enthusiasm for service. Third, implementing the results of coaching as a character education agenda. Meanwhile, based on the role played by a guidance and counseling teacher, namely the planning of Islamic boarding school guidance and counseling services, the implementation of Islamic boarding school guidance and counseling services, and the evaluation of Islamic boarding school guidance and counseling reports. services carried out with Islamic boarding school counseling to students or santri can form a spiritual and emotional soul with moral development as character strengthening.

Integrating AI and Machine Learning in Quality Assurance for Automation Engineering

The integration of AI and Machine Learning (ML) into Quality Assurance (QA) for Automation Engineering represents a transformative shift, leveraging data-driven decision-making and automation across industries. Despite their promising benefits, the reliability, fairness, and generalizability of ML models remain significant concerns. This paper addresses these challenges by exploring the complexities inherent in assessing and validating ML programs. Firstly, it identifies obstacles such as bias, model robustness, and adaptability to new data, emphasizing the necessity for rigorous testing frameworks. Secondly, the paper reviews existing methodologies and solutions proposed in scholarly literature to enhance the assessment of ML programs, ensuring they perform as intended and meet ethical standards.This comprehensive manual serves as a guiding resource for professionals and scholars navigating the dynamic convergence of QA and ML. It underscores the need for continual learning and adaptation in an era where AI's potential is matched by the responsibilities of ethical and resilient model development. By offering profound insights and methodologies, the paper equips QA practitioners and AI enthusiasts alike to navigate the intricate terrain of quality assurance in the era of machine learning effectively.

Explaining the process of learning about dignity by undergraduate nursing students: A grounded theory study.

The learning process about dignity and how undergraduate nursing students experience and use this ethical knowledge is an under-represented field in nursing research. To overcome the lack of conceptual clarity, it is important to understand what processes and dimensions students develop to support this learning outcome. This study aimed to explain the process of learning about dignity by undergraduate nursing students. A qualitative study was conducted using the grounded theory method. Data was collected through free reports and in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 participants. A focus group was held for the selective coding. Sampling began purposefully and evolved into theoretical. Reflective and theoretical memos were generated from the data collection and constant comparison. Data analysis was performed using qualitative data analysis software using Corbin and Strauss' method. The research was approved by a specialized research ethics committee from a Health School. The process of learning about dignity by undergraduate nursing students revealed 'recognition of dignity' as the core category, supported by five main categories: 'proto-conscience of dignity', 'pathway to nursing', 'consciousness of dignity', 'ways of learning', and 'becoming capable'. These categories illustrate the processes and dimensions involved in nursing students' concept translation of dignity learning, allowing a theory to emerge. The 'Recognition of Dignity' theory aims to contribute to developing educational, training, and supervision processes for nursing programs. It seeks to enhance the ethical and moral development of undergraduate nursing students by helping them understand the concept of dignity and its fundamental importance in nursing.

Language Politeness as a Foundation for Ethical and Moral Development Among Islamic Elementary School Students

The principles of politeness are fundamental to understanding ethical and moral behavior. This study explores the principles of politeness, as manifested in maxims, and the ethics and morals of students at Islamic Elementary School. The method used in providing data is the Listen method with Dasar Sadap techniques with Simak, Bebas, Libat Cakap (SBLC) technique. Data was obtained from 25 students' oral and written speech. The oral speech data was collected by dialogue using a recorder and transcript. Then, written speech data was taken from the transcript of the message. The research uses a pragmatic theoretical approach, especially the principles of language politeness (Leech, 1983). The data analyzed uses the collection method with Bagi Unsur Langsung (BUL) technique. This technique divided data directly into the theory, although the results of the research show that the language use of Nurul Islam students does not violate the principles of politeness. In that sense, students' speech is classified as using polite language, which is manifested in the form of (1) the maxim of wisdom (tact maxim), (2) maxim of generosity or generosity (generosity maxim), (3) maxim of acceptance or praise or appreciation (approbation maxim), (4) humility or simplicity maxim (5) agreement maxim, (6) sympathy maxim. These maxims shape student ethics and morals in the midst of rapidly increasing technological developments through the language conveyed in the interactions carried out. Thus, this research contains the politeness principle Islamic Elementary School Studets used. Social media do not influence the language used of politeness principle, although the research still has the potential to be studied in more depth regarding the principles of politeness from different perspectives and objects in rapid technological advancements.

An auto-ethnographic study of co-produced health research in a patient organisation: unpacking the good, the bad, and the unspoken

BackgroundIn rare diseases, limited access to services and rare disease experts may force families to act as medical advocates for their child; they can volunteer to support clinician-initiated research or initiate and lead research themselves. Ketotic Hypoglycemia International (KHI) is a new, global organization for families affected by idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia (IKH) and is run solely by volunteers. Doing research together, families and international experts in a collaborative process such as at KHI, also referred to as patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) or extreme citizen science, is often praised for its positive effects on the research and the stakeholders involved.MethodsWe used auto-ethnographic narratives from parents and medical professionals in KHI to report on their experiences with co-produced health research. All co-authors wrote down their experiences in relation to three topics: time invested, work invested and power dynamics.ResultsWhilst the parents and health care professionals felt a new hope for (their) children with IKH, they also felt pressure to contribute time or to be flexible in how and when they dedicated time towards the organization. The power dynamics were characterised by a change in the relationship between the parents and medical experts; the parent being taught by the expert shifted to the expert learning from the lived experience of the parent. Both parents and medical experts struggled with maintaining boundaries and safeguarding their mental health.ConclusionOur findings call for the need to secure and prioritize funding for patient organizations, to enable them to create the sustainable architecture required for meaningful PPIE within these organizations. The morals and often deeply personal reasons for engaging with voluntary work in health research, can lead to overstepping of boundaries. As a result of our research, we call for the development of ethics of care guidelines within collaborative health research.

THE METHODICAL BASIS OF FORMING SPIRITUAL AND MORAL QUALITIES IN STUDENTS BASED ON THE WORK “AKHLOKI NOSIRI” BY NOSIRIDDIN TUSI

This article highlights the methodical basis of forming spiritual and moral qualities in students based on the work “Akhloki Nosiri” by Nosiriddin Tusi. This work as a collection of ethical issues and their anaysis serve to teach the better approaches in teaching pedagogy. KEY WORDS: ethics, aesthetics, education, mental health, elimination of mental illnesses, family structure, rules of behavior, modesty, household management, child upbringing, moral development, systematic thinking, personal ethics, just society

A Study of Moral Development of Children and Good Habit Formation on Indian Child Rearing Practices Context

Different religious, political, and cultural groups in India hold different opinions on how children should be raised. Given the wide variety of Indian cultures and traditions, it would be unfair to generalise about Indian parenting practices. Each family's unique set of circumstances, including their financial situation, level of education, and life experiences, shape their approach to childrearing. This study has surveyed the existing literature and synthesised theoretical frameworks, drawing attention to the applicability of theories such as Piaget's phases of moral development, Kohlberg's theory of moral development, and Gilligan's ethics of caring in a variety of cultural contexts. With an emphasis on Indian child-rearing techniques, this study investigates how family dynamics, cultural values, and socio-economic factors impact children's ethical thinking and behaviour. Important topics covered include how moral principles are passed down through families and communities, how religious teachings are included into the process of ethical development, and how digital media influences the way moral decisions are made. Aiming to promote moral reasoning and positive habit formation in children, the article also evaluated empirical studies and meta-analyses that highlight beneficial educational interventions and parenting techniques. The findings from this review states that children are fed with cultural learnings; however, this method does seems to be always positive and moral development of children and good habit formation among them is very important.

Analysis of Hadiths on Altruism Motivation

The study of altruism within religious teachings, particularly Hadiths, reveals significant insights into the motivational roots of selflessness. This paper explores the Hadiths related to altruism, emphasizing their role in promoting social cohesion and moral development within Islamic teachings. It underscores the ethical guidance provided by the Hadiths, highlighting their practical applications in fostering altruistic behavior. Previous research has established the foundational role of Hadiths in shaping ethical conduct among Muslims. This study addresses the gap in understanding the specific motivational mechanisms through which these teachings inspire altruism by conducting a comprehensive textual analysis. The research identifies key themes and motivational triggers in the Hadiths, employing a multidisciplinary approach that integrates theology, psychology, and sociology. By elucidating these motivational aspects, the study offers valuable guidance for religious educators, community leaders, and policymakers in promoting altruistic values and behaviors. Ultimately, the exploration of Hadiths on altruism contributes to the ongoing discourse on how religious traditions can inspire and sustain altruistic behavior in the modern world.

Whistleblowing likelihood scale in the lights of Kohlberg and Maqasid Shariah

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop a new whistleblowing scale considering the conventional and Islamic perspectives in combating corruption. Whistleblowing has received great attention because it helps the corruption prevention process by revealing bad practices, improving transparency and ensuring accountability. However, not many scholars have focused on the concept of whistleblowing in the Islamic context.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a theoretical inquiry design, delving into the literature to thoroughly examine whistleblowing likelihood, Kohlberg’s theory and Maqasid Shariah. Through qualitative content analysis, relevant concepts are scrutinized and synthesized. The integration of Kohlberg’s theory and Maqasid Shariah aims to offer a comprehensive framework for comprehending whistleblowing likelihood, integrating perspectives from both Western and Islamic traditions.FindingsThis study has conceptualized the integration of the six stages of Kohlberg and Maqasid Shariah to understand whistleblowing likelihood. The study offers a scale to explain whistleblowing likelihood based on the two theories.Research limitations/implicationsThe correlation between Kohlberg and Maqasid Shariah reveals a nuanced relationship between individual moral evolution and Islamic ethical imperatives, in the context of whistleblowing likelihood. As individuals progress through Kohlberg’s stages, aligning with Maqasid Shariah’s emphasis on societal well-being, their inclination to blow the whistle evolves from early considerations of fear and conformity to a commitment to universal ethical principles and justice.Practical implicationsThe new scale integrating Kohlberg and Maqasid Shariah aids ethical climates in organizations by assessing employees’ moral development and promoting ethical leadership through tailored training. Aligned with Islamic values, the scale becomes a tool for fostering ethical behavior and organizational culture, emphasizing justice and commitment to higher ethical objectives. Managers must delicately balance justice and community harmony when implementing whistleblowing initiatives to ensure a positive impact on both ethical principles and organizational cohesion.Social implicationsBy integrating the six stages of moral development proposed by Kohlberg, the new scale plays a role in promoting transparency and accountability for sustainable development. Furthermore, its alignment with Maqasid Shariah contributes to addressing corruption and advocating for social justice, making the scale a catalyst for societal well-being that respects cultural and religious values. Ultimately, the scale supports a socially responsible approach, reinforcing ethical behavior and contributing to the broader global agenda for sustainable and just societies.Originality/valueThe new scale integrating Kohlberg and Maqasid Shariah offers an innovative and interdisciplinary approach to assessing whistleblowing likelihood. This fusion provides a nuanced understanding of individuals’ ethical reasoning, aligning universal moral principles with Islamic ethics. The scale not only broadens the conceptual framework for evaluating ethical decision-making but also respects cultural diversity, making it inclusive and applicable across diverse global contexts.

The Role of Teachers in the Context of Multicultural Education to Promote Islamic Values

This study explores the role of teachers in promoting Islamic values within multicultural education settings, examining perspectives on integration, challenges faced, and strategies employed. It aims to understand how educators navigate cultural dynamics while fostering ethical development and cultural awareness among students. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with educators and educational experts. Participants were selected based on their experience in integrating Islamic values into curriculum and educational practices. Data were analyzed thematically to uncover patterns and insights regarding teachers' perceptions and practices. The result of the research showed that teachers perceive their role as pivotal in integrating Islamic values, viewing it as essential for nurturing ethical behavior and cultural understanding among students. Challenges identified include resistance from stakeholders and resource limitations. Strategies employed include adapting curriculum materials, fostering open dialogue, and enhancing cultural sensitivity. Successful examples highlight the positive impact of integrating Islamic values on students' ethical development and cultural awareness within educational settings.

The Influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Mobile Learning on Learning Outcomes in Higher Education: Did the Mediation of Self-Competence Matter?

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) has a significant impact on the development of students' character, morality, and overall learning outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effects of artificial intelligence (AI) and mobile learning on student learning outcomes, with a specific focus on the role of students' self-competence as a mediating factor. Employing a quantitative survey approach, the research included 208 students from the PAI Study Program at IAIN Ponorogo, using probability sampling techniques. Data was collected through Likert-scale questionnaires, and the research data was analyzed using PLS-SEM analysis. The results indicate a positive influence of AI and mobile learning on student learning outcomes, with self-competence playing a crucial role as a mediating factor. These findings highlight the importance of educators promoting self-regulation, self-efficacy, and motivation skills within online learning environments. The study emphasizes the potential of integrating AI and mobile learning to enhance the quality of education and recommends that educators continuously update their knowledge of technological advancements through training and collaboration. Strengthening these competencies can lead to a more interactive, personalized, and adaptive learning environment for students.