Moral Development Research Articles

Preschoolers' deception related to prefrontal cortex activation: An fNIRS study

Deception is an essential part of children's moral development. Previous developmental studies have shown that children start to deceive at the age of 3 years, and as age increased to 5 years, almost all children were able to deceive for their own benefit. Although behavioral studies have indicated that the emergence and development of deception are related to cognitive abilities, their neural correlates remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study examined the neural correlates underlying deception in preschool-aged children (N = 89, 44 % boys, age 3.13 to 5.96 years, Han Chinese) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. A modified hide-and-seek paradigm was applied to elicit deceptive and truth-telling behaviors. The results showed that activation of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was positively associated with the tendency to deceive an opponent in a competitive game in the 3-year-olds. In addition, 3-year-olds who showed a high tendency to deceive showed the same brain activation in the frontopolar area as 5-year-olds did when engaged in deception, whereas no such effect was found in 3-year-olds who never engaged in deception. These findings underscore the link between preschoolers’ deception and prefrontal cortex function.

Enhancing Student Character in History Education Through the Integration of Local Wisdom: The Case of the Tepuk Tepung Tawar Tradition

Character education often overlooks the integration of local wisdom, despite its potential to significantly influence students' moral and ethical development. This study investigates the impact of incorporating the Tepuk Tepung Tawar tradition’s local wisdom values on students' character development. The research method used is an experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects in this research consisted of 40 students taken using a saturated sampling technique. This study's data collecting procedures included interviews and test results. The data analysis technique for this research uses the paired t-test and the N-Gain test. The results showed that there was a significant difference in student character building before and after the application of the local wisdom values of Tepung Tawar, with a significance value of less than 0.05. The N-Gain Test results showed a score of 70%, indicating an increase in student character scores after the application of the local wisdom values of Tepung Tawar. Therefore, improving student character can be done by teachers integrating local wisdom values to students in history learning.

The Question of Moral Education: Reading Selected Bangla and English Folktales

Moral education is a type of education that distinguishes between right and wrong and determines human behaviour. In other words, moral education is an educational programme that focuses on moral and ethical values. The folktales' moral education aims to prepare the audience to be responsible, respectful, and resilient citizens who will contribute to the development of society, the nation, and the world at large. This study classifies moral themes and investigates their educational impact by conducting a qualitative content analysis of selected Bangala and English folktales. The study finds that each folktale incorporates some moral education, which is necessary in all aspects of human society. Folktales from the oral literary tradition play an important role in imparting moral education that includes historical, cultural, and religious ideologies and values. Folktale performances convey the moral values imbued in folktales to both children and adults. Folktale performance has been a part of human culture since time immemorial. The stories told in a pleasant ambience not only entertain, but also teach children moral lessons and values that will help them become better members of society. The folktale genre aims to educate children by instilling moral values, socialisation, behavioural changes, psychological development, and spiritual upliftment. The study concludes proving that these folktale-based lessons teach children human qualities like hard work, courage, love, sympathy, forgiveness, respect for elders, patriotism, tolerance, heroism, truthfulness, fraternity, and religiosity, among others. Furthermore, these folktale performances also highlight social vices such as pride, envy, wrath, theft, hatred, wickedness, ingratitude, injustice, disobedience, and dishonesty, which typically lead to retribution and nemesis.

Manajemen MQTV dalam Syiar Dakwah Melalui Platform Youtube

Abstract. Today’s youth are ignorant of the social issues around them. Promiscuity, juvenile delinquency,ldruglabuse, and sex are all things that have affected modern teenagers. In the midst of a moral crisis,lthe Islamic Boarding School is a place for moral development. The purpose of the study was to find out the programs in the Boarding School to improve the morals of itslstudents, to find out the role of the board in improving the morals oflits students, and to find out the supportingland inhibiting factors used by the board in improving the morals oflthe students. This research uses descriptivenqualitative methods. Islamic Boarding School programs in improving the morals of its students, namely the program of studying book of akhakullbanin and studying shariyahan activities. The managementlhelps programs and activities that aim to improve akhlakul karimah. Thus, the role of the management is included in the active role category, where hey help their students improve their morals through various activities and supervision. Supporting factors from the santri guardian, and providing comfortable facilities. The inhibiting factors are the students' own culture. Abstrak. This study focuses on MQTV Management in Spreading Da'wah through the YouTube Platform. This study aims to determine the programs broadcast on MQTV and how MQTV management manages spreading da'wah through YouTube. The method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. This study found that the programs on MQTV consist of various programs such as Kajian Aa Gym, Living With Qur'an, Smart Moms, Cerita Muslimah, Ustadz Jaga, Dibalik Layar, and Dakwah Zilenial. MQTV management has implemented George R. Terry's management functions which include planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising. Currently, the MQTV Official YouTube channel has more than 54.1 thousand subscribers and has reached the monetization stage. The results of this study are that MQTV management in spreading da'wah through the YouTube platform has been running well and effectively, implementing management functions ranging from planning to supervision. Periodic evaluation and statistical analysis are carried out to improve content quality.

Implementation of Local Cultural Values in the Formation of Students' Morals at MA Al-Ma'arif Pinrang

This study aims to provide an accurate depiction of the relationship between the implementation of local cultural values and the development of students' morals at MA Al-Ma'arif Pinrang. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research required direct fieldwork to observe and interview subjects. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, and documentation from relevant sources. The findings indicate a strong correlation between Mandar culture and the formation of students' morals at MA Al-Ma'arif Pinrang. In conclusion, the integration of local cultural values plays a crucial role in shaping students' morals, making its ongoing implementation within the school environment essential.

Cybersecurity behavior change: A conceptualization of ethical principles for behavioral interventions

The importance of changing behaviors is gradually being acknowledged in cybersecurity, and the reason is the realization that a notable portion of security incidents have a human-related component. Thus, enhancing behaviors at individual level, can bring a significant reduction in security breaches overall. Behavior change refers to any modification of human behavior through some type of intervention. Interventions from behavioral economics and psychology are being increasingly introduced in the field, however, the ethics surrounding such interventions are largely neglected. In this paper, we raise the ethical issues associated with behavioral intervention approaches. We draw on the traditionally more mature field of biomedical ethics and propose six clusters of ethical principles suitable for cybersecurity behavior change. We conducted a survey (N = 141) to identify individuals’ perceptions on the proposed ethical principles and validate their perceived usefulness. We analyze an existing intervention in the light of our six-principle conceptualization to showcase how it can be used as a practical apparatus. Our set of ethical principles are aimed for cybersecurity professionals, policy makers, and behavioral intervention designers, and can serve as a starting point for best-practice development in cybersecurity behavior change ethics.

Text Summarization in the Shona Language using Natural Language Processing

The rise of digital information in many languages, including Shona, highlights the significance of developing effective text summarizing techniques to promote information accessibility and usability. This work fills a major gap in the natural language processing (NLP) for the Shona language, which is widely spoken in Zimbabwe and its surrounding areas but has received little attention. The lack of pre-trained language models specifically designed for Shona, the intricacy of Shona's morphology, and the scarcity of annotated datasets provide the main obstacles to Shona text summarization.[1] The goal of this research is to create and modify contemporary machine learning methods for efficient Shona text summarizing in order to address these issues. By gathering and analyzing texts from a variety of sources, such as news stories, scholarly papers, and social media, we produced large annotated corpora. These datasets were utilized to fine-tune existing NLP models, such as Transformer-based architectures, ensuring they account for Shona’s specific language traits. To address the morphological and syntactic complexities of Shona, our solution combines statistical and rule-based techniques. When compared to baseline methods, the results show a significant improvement in the relevancy and accuracy of Shona text summaries. In addition to serving as a starting point for further NLP research in underrepresented languages, the generated models help Shona-speaking people in the areas of business, education, and media. By encouraging inclusivity and linguistic variety, showcasing the possibility for cross- lingual breakthroughs, and emphasizing the ethical development of technology, this research adds to the larger area of NLP.

What Good Are We Seeking? Child Soldiers and Thick Ethical Concepts

In this paper, I show how a virtue ethics approach to child soldiering is centered on thick ethical concepts that seek to capture in a descriptively and evaluatively rich way how child soldiering affects children’s moral character development and their relationships with others. Virtue ethics thus provides a new perspective that departs from the standard ethical approach, which focuses largely on thin questions of the rights and responsibilities of children in war. The virtue ethics tradition reorients us toward a deeper concern for children’s moral good and thus provides an important and underexplored approach for thinking about child soldiers from an interdisciplinary perspective.

Integrating Religious Values into Indonesian Language Learning: Pedagogical Approaches and Impacts

This study examines the integration of religious values into Indonesian language learning and its pedagogical impacts on students’ linguistic and moral development. Employing a qualitative research methodology, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with language teachers, classroom observations, and document analysis. The findings reveal that various pedagogical approaches, including storytelling, thematic lessons, collaborative activities, and contextual learning, effectively embed religious values within the language curriculum. These strategies not only enhance students' engagement and motivation but also promote critical thinking, ethical reasoning, and social skills. The study highlights that integrating religious values into language lessons fosters a positive learning atmosphere, reduces anxiety, and encourages active participation, thereby improving language proficiency. Furthermore, the integration contributes significantly to students' moral and ethical development, helping them internalize values such as honesty, empathy, and social responsibility. Despite the benefits, challenges such as potential bias and the need for teacher training were identified. The study recommends developing comprehensive guidelines and frameworks in collaboration with educational experts, religious scholars, and community leaders to ensure inclusivity and effectiveness. By addressing these challenges and fostering an inclusive environment, the integration of religious values can enhance Indonesian language learning, contributing to the formation of well-rounded individuals proficient in language and grounded in ethical principles. This research provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and scholars, advocating for the incorporation of religious values in language education to promote holistic student development.

Kurikulum Madrasah sebagai Penyeimbang Dampak Negatif Perkembangan Teknologi Digital

The development of digital technology has a significant impact on various sectors of life, including education. This paper explores the role of the madrasah curriculum as a counterbalance to the negative effects of digital technology development. Through an analysis of the madrasah context, including characteristics of the madrasah, students, educators, facilities, partnerships, potential funding sources, and socio-cultural environment, it was found that the madrasah curriculum needs to identify and explore differentiating strengths according to its characteristics. The learning plan for madrasahs includes the formulation of Learning Outcomes, learning objectives, assessments, and learning resources involving both extracurricular activities and projects that strengthen student profiles. Additionally, planning priority programs for madrasahs is an important focus. In the classroom, the learning plan includes the preparation of teaching modules, teaching materials, and other documentation reflecting the core learning objectives. The madrasah curriculum plays a central role as a counterbalance by integrating religious values, wise digital literacy, and moral development. With this approach, the madrasah curriculum shapes comprehensive Islamic individuals who are able to face modern technological challenges while remaining steadfast in traditional values. Thus, the madrasah curriculum becomes an essential instrument in shaping a balanced and adaptive generation in this digital era.

The moral role models scale: Assessing connections to and functions of moral exemplars

ABSTRACT Recent accounts of character formation highlight the role of admiring and emulating moral role models or exemplars as a key facilitator of moral development. However, validated measures that assess the extent to which individuals affiliate with and are impacted by moral exemplars have not been developed. The present research fills this gap by developing and providing initial validity evidence for the Moral Role Models Scale (MRMS). Through exploratory and confirmatory analyses of data drawn from 456 participants, a single-factor version (10 items) of the MRMS was found to have both strong internal structure and satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. The MRMS can be a useful tool to both researchers and practitioners of character education in exploring, clarifying, and evaluating the role of moral exemplars in moral formation.

Spiritual and moral development of athletes engaged in mixed martial arts MMA

Spiritual and moral development of athletes engaged in mixed martial arts MMA

Ethical Challenges and Solutions of Generative AI: An Interdisciplinary Perspective

This paper conducts a systematic review and interdisciplinary analysis of the ethical challenges of generative AI technologies (N = 37), highlighting significant concerns such as privacy, data protection, copyright infringement, misinformation, biases, and societal inequalities. The ability of generative AI to produce convincing deepfakes and synthetic media, which threaten the foundations of truth, trust, and democratic values, exacerbates these problems. The paper combines perspectives from various disciplines, including education, media, and healthcare, underscoring the need for AI systems that promote equity and do not perpetuate social inequalities. It advocates for a proactive approach to the ethical development of AI, emphasizing the necessity of establishing policies, guidelines, and frameworks that prioritize human rights, fairness, and transparency. The paper calls for a multidisciplinary dialogue among policymakers, technologists, and researchers to ensure responsible AI development that conforms to societal values and ethical standards. It stresses the urgency of addressing these ethical concerns and advocates for the development of generative AI in a socially beneficial and ethically sound manner, contributing significantly to the discourse on managing AI’s ethical implications in the modern digital era. The study highlights the theoretical and practical implications of these challenges and suggests a number of future research directions.

Dari Tradisi Ke Masa Depan: Tantangan Pendidikan Islam dalam Masyarakat Kontemporer

This article aims to explore the challenges faced by Islamic education in the context of an ever-changing contemporary society. By highlighting the transition from tradition towards the future, this article identifies the main obstacles encountered by the Islamic education system and explores innovative efforts to overcome these challenges. The research method employs a qualitative approach, specifically library research, to analyze various relevant literature sources. The discussion results show that Islamic education faces various issues, ranging from conceptual-theoretical to operational-practical aspects. However, by integrating traditional values with modern advancements, Islamic education can remain relevant and make a significant contribution to shaping a generation that is strong in faith and ready to face the dynamics of changing times. The utilization of technology in learning, the development of ethics and empathy through character education, and the integration of Islamic values in a contemporary context are some practical efforts identified as innovative solutions. The main contribution of this article is the emphasis on the importance of renewing Islamic education to remain relevant in addressing the social, technological, and value changes in contemporary society.

Factors affecting citizen intention toward AI acceptance and adoption: the moderating role of government regulations

Purpose This paper aims to explore factors impacting citizen intention toward artificial intelligence (AI) adoption, considering government regulation as a moderating variable. It focuses on the Palestinian Cellular Communications Sector in Gaza Strip, providing insights into the citizen-AI relationship dynamics. The research contributes to enhancing comprehension of AI technology from clients’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypotheses, a questionnaire was used in an empirical study to collect primary data. In total, 347 Palestinian citizens responded to the survey. Findings The findings of this paper reveal that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risks, social influence, user experience and privacy and security concerns significantly influence citizen intention toward AI adoption. Furthermore, government regulations as a moderating variable strengthen the impact of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risks, social influence, user experience and privacy and security concerns on citizen intention toward AI acceptance and adoption. Thus, further research should explore specific domains and cultural contexts to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the factors shaping acceptance and adoption. Research limitations/implications The findings of the study should be understood in the context of their limitations. First, the study ignored cultural or domain-specific subtleties in favor of generic characteristics, which calls for more research in these particular circumstances. Second, relying on self-reported data might result in biases and limitations due to subjectivity in reporting, indicating the necessity for alternate data gathering methods and approaches in future research. Practical implications Policymakers, developers and organizations working to promote the acceptability and implementation of AI applications should consider the practical implications of this study’s results. To secure the long-term use of AI technologies in a responsible and user-centric way, policymakers should give priority to public education and awareness, user-centered design and ethical AI development techniques. They should also stimulate partnerships and create monitoring systems. Originality/value This paper investigates the originality of factors that influence citizen intention toward AI acceptance and adoption. It uniquely examines the moderating role of government regulations in shaping this intention. By addressing this novel aspect, the paper contributes to advancing our understanding of the complex dynamics surrounding citizen intentions toward AI applications.

Penggunaan Media Film Animasi dalam Meningkatkan Akhlak Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA Al-Barkah Medan Helvetia

The idea behind the study project, "Use of Animation Film Media in Improving the Morals of Children Aged 5–6 Years at RA Al-Barkah Medan Helvetia," is that the morals of the participants at RA Al-Barkah are not yet in their best condition. The aims of this research were to: (1) determine the morals of children aged 5 to 6 years at RA Al-Barkah Medan Helvetia; (2) investigate the methods used to use animated films to improve moral development in this age group; and (3) determine whether animated film media can improve the morals of this age group. Planning, implementation, observation and reflection activities are part of the two-cycle Classroom Action Research (PTK) technique used in this research at RA Al-Barkah. Researchers use documentation and observation sheets to determine the improvements that have occurred. The research results show how the films Nussa and Rara raise children's moral standards. The increase in the proportion of children's moral markers in each cycle shows this result. There was an increase in cycle I, namely 6 children (40%) and 9 children (60%) who respectively did not experience development. The proportion of children's moral indicators increased in cycle II, namely 2 children (13.33%) who began to experience development and 13 children (86.66%) who experienced very good development. Therefore, animated films at RA Al-Barkah Medan Helvetia can help children aged five to six years to develop better morals.

Using Evaluation to Boost the Moral Development of Junior High School Students: Exploration of the Moral Evaluation Mechanism Based on the English Subject

Due to the transitional, closed, social, and turbulent characteristics of their psychological development, the evaluation of the moral development of junior high school students should focus on the dynamic evaluation of their daily performance and growth. This exploration of the moral evaluation mechanism for junior high school students precisely starts from this criterion, based on the characteristics of the English subject, takes “all-round education” as the cornerstone of the evaluation, uses the three dimensions of core competencies as the basis for evaluation, and adopts multiple evaluation and progressive implementation methods as the guide to conduct a diverse and objective assessment of the morality of junior high school students. With the expectation of achieving the ultimate goal of developing students’ individual specialties and promoting the comprehensive development.

Fаmily Vаluеs and Sоciаl Cоhеsiоn: Insights frоm Zоrоаstriаn Scripturеs

This study aims to explore the role of family values and social cohesion as depicted in Zoroastrian scriptures, particularly focusing on the Avesta, the sacred text of Zoroastrianism, and its teachings on morality and spirituality within the family setting. The research involves an extensive analysis of the Avesta, examining its guidance on marriage, family relationships, and the upbringing of future generations. The study emphasizes the cultural, moral, and ethical principles outlined in the scriptures, highlighting their significance in fostering a virtuous and cohesive community. The Avesta underscores the importance of the family as the primary environment for moral and spiritual development, emphasizing three core principles: Good Thought (Humata), Good Word (Hukhta), and Good Deed (Hvarshta). The text details the roles and responsibilities within the family, advocating for the preservation of purity, moral integrity, and the promotion of a healthy and prosperous generation. The research finds that the Avesta provides a comprehensive framework for family dynamics, including marriage rituals, ethical standards, and the upbringing of children. The principles outlined in the Avesta are shown to be relevant even in contemporary discussions about family well-being and marital ethics. The study concludes that the teachings of the Avesta offer valuable insights into the foundational role of family in cultivating moral and spiritual growth. The principles of Good Thought, Good Word, and Good Deed remain central to fostering a virtuous and cohesive society. The Avesta's guidance on family values continues to hold significant relevance in modern times, providing a timeless framework for understanding and enhancing family dynamics and social cohesion.

Human Resource Development Planning Oriented Towards Character Building in Santri: A Case Study in Soppeng District's Islamic Boarding Schools

This research aims to know and discover human resource development planning oriented towards building students' character. This research is a case study or field research using qualitative methods with a constructivist paradigm. This research was carried out at 6 Islamic boarding schools in Soppeng district. The research results show that planning for human resource development in the character education program for the six Islamic boarding schools in Soppeng Regency was carried out carefully by involving various parties, such as Islamic boarding school leaders, teaching staff and parents of students. The character education program considers religious values, students' needs, and current developments. However, several Islamic boarding schools still have teaching staff who have yet to participate in workshops on Character education. As a suggestion in this research, Islamic boarding school leaders always carry out good planning in human resource management development, incorporate character values into the moral development process in Islamic boarding schools, and encourage teaching staff to participate in workshops or training related to character education.

Wychowanie do człowieczeństwa Eduarda Sprangera

The author reconstructs and interprets the Education to Humanity by Eduard Spranger, a prominent German philosopher, psychologist, and pedagogue, whose pedagogical work is little known in Poland. The barbarism of the Russian-Ukrainian War is a reminder of how topical the issue of realising the value of humanity is in contemporary education. Spranger not only answers the question of what humanity is, but points to specific, rather than general, methods of its formation in young people. He refers to selected teaching methods of Socrates, specifically to moral stories, and also to meditation, as in Zen Buddhism. He links a number of universal values to the formation of humanity, such as self-reflection, dignity of the person, self-criticism, responsibility, conscience, and love. Spranger’s theory of upbringing is holistic. Its teleology is oriented towards personality development, with an emphasis on altruistic values and human moral development. It is largely consistent with the pedagogical thought of Otto F. Bollnow, Abraham H. Maslow, Theodor Adorno, Hans Waldenfens, Andrzej Szyszko-Bohusz, Hilarion G. Petzold and other contemporary scholars – humanists. It also seems a continuation of Immanuel Kant’s, Johann H. Pestalozzi’s, Leo N. Tolstoy’s, Rudolf Steiner’s and even Mencius’s concepts of education, as well as those of Zen and Daoist teachers. Spranger opposed the idea of a transhumanism based on modern technology, as well as the instrumental and utilitarian treatment of nature, and the materialistic and technological trend, that is omnipresent in modern human life.