Detoxification Research Articles

The injection on myocardial protection and prognosis of acute organophosphorus pesticide with Salvia miltiorrhiza

Objective To investigate the effects of hemodynamic,prognostic effect and myocardial protection of Salvia injection on patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Methods 68 cases of patients with acute organophosphate were divided into observation group（n=34）and control group（n=34） from January 2012 to December 2013.The control group were given with atropine detoxification （dose：5-10mg）, Tiopronin （0.2 g/d, 1 times/d） liver treatment, Pioneer will（2 g/second,1/d）.The observed group received the foundation treatment and Salvia injection（30ml, 1/d）, 7d course of treatment. The myocardial enzymes and hemodynamic parameters of two groups were observed before and after treatment. Results The survival rate and died rate of observation group were 94.12%（32 cases ）, 5.88%（2 cases ）. The survival rate and died rate of control group were 79.41%（27cases ）and 20.59%（7cases）. The survival rate and died rate of two groups were significant difference （χ2=5.123, P〈0.05）. The myocardial enzymes （AST, CK, CK-MB, LDH, HBDH） of observation groupafter 2d each index[were（58.6±22.7）U/L, （412.6±156.9）U/L, （78.6±＆amp;nbsp;35.2）U/L, （489.3 ± 112.3）U/L, （412.8 ± 259.6）U/L] and blood rheology （ESR, FIB, LBV, HBV）each index[were（14.36±4.19） mm/h before , （259.3±23.14）g/L, （7.17±1.12）mPa？s, （4.12±0.81）mPa？s]were lower than in the same group therapy [myocardial enzymes indexes were （131.3±32.5）U/L, （1324.5± 345.2）U/L, （187.5 ± 72.2）U/L, （914.5 ± 312.2）U/L, （812.3 ± 312.2）U/L; hemorheology indexes were （23.29±3.49）mm/h, （389.57±34.24） g/L, （10.4±1.3）mPa？s, （6.3±1.2）mPa？s]. 5 d after treatment control group myocardial enzymes（AST, CK, CK-MB, LDH, HBDH）each index[were（85.3±22.8）U/L, （486.3± 78.9）U/L, （67.8±11.2）U/L, （542.3±78.6）U/L, （225.9±112.4）U/L]and hemorheology indexes[were（17.7± 4.6）mm/h, （289.4±32.5）g/L, （8.9±1.2）mPa？s, （5.6±1.3）mPa？s] was significantly lower than in the same group before treatment[myocardial enzymes indexes were（128.3±29.3）U/L, （1298.6±329.4）U/L, （182.6± 70.6）U/L, （902.3±286.3）U/L, （803.6±293.6）U/L;hemorheology indexes were （23.9±3.5）mm/h, （382.6± 32.5）g/L, （10.3±1.1）mPa？s, （6.2±1.1）mPa？s, P〈0.05]. Conclusion Salvia injection can effectively improve the hemodynamic indicators of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning patients , reduce myocardial damage, promote patient prognosis. Key words: Salvia injection; Acute organophosphorus; Myocardium; Hemodynamic

Role of the Nrf2 pathway in liver diseases

Nrf2 signaling pathway is a major mechanism in the cellular defense against oxidative or electrophilic stress,which regulates series of detoxifying and antioxidant defense genes expression in the liver. The Nrf2 signaling pathway collectively exhibits diverse biological functions against viral hepatitis,alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver disease,fibrosis,and cancer via target gene expression. This review discusses the role of the Nrf2 pathway in liver pathophysiology and the potential application of Nrf2 as a therapeutic target of prevention and treatment of liver diseases. Key words: Oxidative; Hepatic disease

Clinical application of plasma exchange combined with continuous veno-venous hemodialysis/filtration in treatment of children with acute liver failure

Acute liver failure is a pediatric clinical critical disease with complex etiology,rapid progress and medical treatment,contributing to a high fatality rate. Artificial liver support system can remove a variety of toxic substances through mechanical,physicochemical or biological device to replace part of liver function like metabolism,detoxification,or synthesis temporarily to win precious time for liver cell regeneration and further clinical therapy,which has become an important treatment of acute liver failure at present. Considered the limita-tions of different blood purification mode,combined mode of blood purification is mostly applied in clinical ther-apy. This article aims to review the effect of plasma exchange combined with continuous veno-venous hemodial-ysis/filtration for the treatment of children with acute liver failure. Key words: Children; Acute live failure; Artificial liver support system; Plasma exchange; Continuous veno-venous hemodialysis/filtration

Ameliorative effect of lycopene and vitamin E on some haematological and biochemical parameters of Oreochromis niloticus against diazinon toxicity

The present investigation aimed to determine the toxicological effects of diazinon DZN pesticide on hematological and biochemical parameters of the widely consumed Oreochromis niloticus Adult specimens of Oreochromis niloticus were exposed to two sublethal concentrations and mg l of DZN against the ameliorative effect of lycopene mg kg and vitamin E mg kg for and days Empirical data of results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis of variance ANOVA to test the effects of DZN lycopene LYC vitamin E VE and exposure periods DZN significantly led to decline in red blood cell count RBC rsquo s blood haemoglobin Hb haematocrit value Hct white blood cell count WBC rsquo s and lymphocytes LYM While the mean values of mean corpuscular volume MCV mean corpuscular haemoglobin MCH mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration MCHC neutrophils NEU monocytes MON eosinophils EOS serum protein total protein albumin and globulin glucose AST ALT ALP urea and creatinine were significantly increased from the control values Lycopene and vitamin E supplementation play appositive role in detoxification of DZN toxicity The results suggest that DZN can negatively affect the hematology and physiology of fish It was observed that supplementation of lycopene and vitamin E decreases the toxic effect of diazinon

Gender as a predictor of past treatment in dual-diagnosed patients presenting for detoxification

Gender as a predictor of past treatment in dual-diagnosed patients presenting for detoxification

Activated Carbons from Vegetal Raw Materials to Solve Environmental Problems

Technologies for active carbons obtaining from vegetable byproducts such as straw, nut shells, fruit stones, sawdust, hydrolysis products of corn cobs and sunfl ower husks have been developed. The physico-chemical characteristics, structural parameters and sorption characteristics of obtained active carbons were determined. The ability of carbonaceous adsorbents for detoxifi cation of soil against pesticides, purifi cation of surface waters and for removal of organic pollutants from wastewaters has been evaluated. The obtained results reveal the effectiveness of their use in a number of environmental technologies.

Asymptomatic genital herpes and its detoxification, serum antibody, and drug intervention

Objective To analyze the correlation between the detoxification of asymptomatic genital herpes and serum antibody and drug intervention.Methods According to their fluorescent PCR and ELISA measurement results,course of disease,attack times,and drug intervention measures,the patients were divided into positive and negative groups,acyclovir group,valacyclovir group and control group,course of disease ＞ 3and ≤ 3 years groups,frequent and non-frequent attack groups.Serological antibody secretion in each group were detected.The patients' detoxification conditions and reoccurrence after the drug intervention were recorded.Results 294 patients(57.31％) were positive in detoxification.Course of disease ＞ 3 and ≤ 3 years groups,frequent and non-frequent attack groups had statistical differences in the positive rate of detoxification (P ＜ 0.05).There were statistical differences in HSV-Ⅰ and Ⅱ IgG and HSV-Ⅰ IgG (P ＜ 0.05) but no in HSVⅡ IgM between the negative and positive groups.Except in April,there were statistical differences between the valacyclovir and acyclovir groups and the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Detox plasmid DNA testing positive number was 3200 copies/ml.The acyclovir group relapsed (1.16 ± 0.77) times,the valaciclovir group (1.22 ± 0.7)times,and the control group (2.68 ± 1.13) times,with statistical differenced (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Genital herpes has high positive rate.Mixed infection exists in asymptomatic genital herpes.The longer the course of disease of the patient is,the more frequent the attack is and the higher the positive rate is.Timely medical intervention can reduce genital herpes recurrence. Key words: Genitals; Herpes; Serum antibody; Drug intervention

Differential Activities of Glutathione S-Transferase Isoenzymes in Strains of <i>Fasciola Hepatica</i> Susceptible and Resistant to Triclabendazole

Fil: Fernandez, Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernacion. Comision de Investigaciones Cientificas. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina

Clinical observation of adefovir dipivoxil combined with Anluohuaxian pill in the treatment of chronic hepati-tis B cirrhosis

Objective To explore the clinical effect of adenovirus dipivoxil combined with Anluohuaxian pill in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis .Methods 98 patients with chronic hepatitis B liver cirrhosis were randomly divided into the two groups .49 cases in the control group were treated with adenovirus dipivoxil ,and 49 ca-ses in the observation group were given adenovirus dipivoxil combined with Anluohuaxian pill .The clinical effect of two groups was observed .Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.9%,which was significant-ly higher than 69.4% of the control group （χ2 =9.37,P0.05）.After treatment,the ALT,HA and A/G of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment ,the improvement of the observation group was better than control group ,the difference was statistically significant （ t=11.302 1,9.012 1,7.312 4,all P〈0.05）.Conclusion In clinical practice,adenovirus dipivoxil combined with Anluohuaxian pill in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis has good therapeutic effect ,it can improve the clinical symptoms and pa-tients＇liver function ,so as to improve the liver detoxification function and the clinical treatment effect ,which worthy of clinical application and promotion . Key words: Chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis; Adenovirus dipivoxil; Anluohuaxian pill

Challenges in Fuel Ethanol Production

Fuel ethanol production still represents many technological challenges, due mainly to the implicit complexity and costs of feedstock and other inputs. However, this process has been implemented at different scales, including the commercial one, through tax exemptions or subsides, which seek to lower production costs. In this article main feedstocks for ethanol production are discussed considering their production, advantages and drawbacks. The importance of conditioning and pretreatment as decisive process steps for conversion of feedstocks into ethanol is highlighted. Main methods for conditioning and pretreatmen are presented as well as the enzymatic procedures for starch hydrolysis. The need of pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is analyzed considering the complexity of this type of raw material. Several methods for pretreatment and detoxification of biomass are briefly described. The difficulties related to the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose are analyzed considering the enzyme complexes employed and the presence of solid particles in the reaction mixture. Main fermentation and concentration technologies for ethanol production are discussed. Ethanol dehydration technologies, including the most perspective, are disclosed as well. Finally, some environmental aspects of ethanol production are highlighted

Clinical observation on ribavirin plus vitamin c in treatment for atomization

Objective To study the effective treatment by atomization combined with ribavirin and vitamin C for herpangina,and dynamically observe the clinical results.Methods Two hundred and fiftysix cases of herpangina in children treated in our hospital were randomly divided two groups,the treatment group and the control group.Both of the groups were applied to the heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese patent medicine,and at the same time,the antibiotics would be used properly to the co-infection.However,the treatment group applied atomization of the combination of ribavirin and vitamin C,and the control group only atomized ribavirin.Then we dynamically observed the clinical symptoms,and studied the evaluation.Results The fever clearance time in the treatment group and the control group were (1.58 ± 0.67) d and (2.95 ± 0.96) d,herpes mucosal congestion subsided time were (1.63 ± 0.8) d and (2.17 ± 0.8) d,salivation or pain disappearance time were (0.92 ± 0.6) d and (1.49 ± 0.8) d,herpes lesion healing time were (2.43 ± 0.9) d and (2.93 ± 1.2) d and efficiency were 95.3％ and 76.5％,showing statistical significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Atomization application with the combination of ribavirin and vitamin C in the treatment for herpangina in children is superior to simple application of atomization of ribavirin,it should be applied widely. Key words: Herpangina; Vitamin C; Atomization; Clinical efficacy

The status and related factors of self-efficacy of convalescent patients with heroin dependence in compulsory detoxification

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of convalescent patients with heroin dependence in compulsory detoxification.Methods A total of 90 convalescent patients with heroin dependence in compulsory detoxification were recruited and investigated with a self-designed scale,General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES),Social Support Assessment Scale (SSRS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS).Results The mean score of the self-efficacy was (20.97±2.26) points.Multiple regression analysis showed that depression,social support and daily dose of heroin use were influencing factors of the self-efficacy,which could explain 59.1％ of the variance.Conclusions Improving the self-efficacy of convalescent patients with heroin dependence in compulsory detoxification can enhance physical and psychological health and decrease the relapse. Key words: Heroin dependence; Compulsory isolation; Self-efficacy

The preventive effect of detox soup on the adverse reaction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients

目的 观察排毒汤预防乳腺癌术前新辅助化疗不良反应的疗效.方法 选取经穿刺细胞学诊断为乳腺癌且术前应用联合化疗方案新辅助化疗的患者120例,采用简单随机化将患者分为治疗组和对照组各60例,在上述化疗方案基础上,治疗组在化疗前1 d开始服用排毒汤,对照组常规应用昂丹司琼.结果 治疗组化疗中断率为3.4%,明显低于对照组的46.7%(χ2=4.99,P<0.05);治疗组体质量增加率为78.3%,明显高于对照组的20.0%(χ2=6.79,P<0.05);治疗组消化道反应防治有效率为97.0%,明显高于对照组的41.7%(χ2=7.19,P<0.05);治疗组化疗后血液学毒性发生率明显低于对照组(χ2=30.30、22.67、62.06,均P<0.01).结论 排毒汤预防乳腺癌术前新辅助化疗不良反应疗效显著

Proteomics analysis of hepatitis B virus and aflatoxin B1 related hepatocellular carcinoma in Guangxi,China

Objective To explore the effects and the molecular mechanism of synergistic hepatocarcinogenesis of HBV and AFB1 in the development of HCC by studying the difference in protein expression profiles in hepatocellular carcinoma exposed to hepatitis B virus and Aflatoxin B1.Method 32 HCC specimens were labeled under four categories based on their biomarkers of HBV and AFB1 exposure:group A:HBV(+)/AFB1 (+),10 cases,group B:HBV(+)/AFB1 (-),10 cases,group C:HBV(-)/AFB1(+),6 cases,groupD:HBV(-)/AFB1(-),6 cases.Normal hepatic tissues from 10 cases of hepatic hemangioma,liver resection and liver transplant donor were chosen as the normal control group.Isobaric Tagging Reagent Quantitative (iTRAQ) Proteomics together with 2DLC MS/MS were applied to analyze the differentially expressed proteins among the 4 groups.Result (1) A total of 117 unique differentially expressed proteins including 53 up-regulated proteins and 64 down-regulated proteins were identified in the four groups.The number of unique differentially expressed proteins,including up-regulated and down-regulated proteins,in group A,group B,group C and group D were 106,97,104 and 74 respectively.(2) Among the 117 differentially expressed proteins,9 proteins were heat shock proteins or chaperones,and they were up regulated in group A,B and C.Besides,15 proteins were detoxification and drug metabolism pathway related proteins,12 of them were down-regulated in group A,and more than half of them were also down-regulated in group B and C.(3) The Reverse Transcriptase PCR result showed the mean expression level of AKR1B10 mRNA in group A was significantly higher than group B,C and D (all P＜0.05,respectively).Group C also showed significantly a higher expression level of AKR1B10 mRNA than group D (P＜0.05).The Western-blot results showed the mean expression level of AKR1B10 protein in group A was significantly higher than group B and D (all P＜0.05,respectively).Conclusions The up-regulated expression of heat shock protein and the down-regulated expression of most protein enzymes related to detoxification and drug metabolism were the common molecular biological events of HCC associated with exposure to HBV and AFB1.This suggested the synergistic hepatocarcinogenesis effects of HBV and AFB1 may be related to dysregulation of protein enzymes related to detoxification and drug metabolism.The overexpression of AKR1B10 may be involved in the AFB1-related hepatocarcinogenesis process. Key words: Hepatitis B virus; Aflatoxin B1; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Proteomics; Guangxi

Tapering Buprenorphine: Go Slow

Buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone) play major roles in detoxification from prescription opioids (as well as illicit narcotic

Antioxidant and kidney protection; differential impacts of single and whole natural antioxidants.

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical educationOxidative stress is caused by an imbalance in production of reactive oxygen and the biological ability to detoxify the reactive intermediates or repair the resulting damage. Herbal medicines commonly fight these complications with their antioxidant properties. However, it should be noted that herbal drugs extracts are abundant sources of polyphenols and these compounds are unstable and might be subjected to polymerization. Thus, it is essential to check that the observed biological properties are not due to polymerization of phenolic compounds.

Comprehensive Approach to Drug and Alcohol Dependence Isn't Effective

Because of the prevalence and adverse effects of drug and alcohol dependence, alternative treatment options are being explored. Boston researchers randomized 563 adults (mean age, 38) who were recruited mainly from a residential detoxification facility to a chronic-care management (CCM) model of comprehensive services or to …

Research about NNMT gene in cancer

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) dependent cytoplasm enzyme,which plays a vital role in the biotransformation and detoxification of many drugs and xenobiotic compounds.Recent studies have revealed abnormal expression of NNMT in many tumors,which may contribute to tumorigenesis and tumor development and radiotherapy or chemotherapy resistance. Key words: Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase; Nicotinamide; Neoplasms

Treatment outcome predictors in flexible dose-duration methadone detoxification program.

Methadone detoxification is among the widely used treatment programs for opioid dependence. The aims of this study were to identify which patient baseline factors and treatment regimen features are predictors of the treatment outcome in an outpatient flexible dose-duration methadone detoxification program. We studied 126 opioid dependents in a naturalistic nonexperimental clinical setting. The patients were assessed for baseline demographic characteristics, and drug abuse characteristics. Treatment regimen features were recorded during the program. Successful treatment completion was defined as the last daily dose of methadone being less than 15 mg, negative urine analysis in the last two weeks of treatment, and based on the final clinician-client's decision. Out of 126 patients, 60 patients completed detoxification successfully. Younger age, longer duration of the opioid abuse, and higher subjective opiate intoxication severity before treatment entry were all significantly associated with negative treatment outcome. Among treatment regimen features, higher maximum methadone dose had a marginally significant independent effect on treatment failure. Patients with maximum methadone dose of more than 75 mg per day had around ten times worse success rate when compared to those who received lesser doses. The study findings could be used to predict treatment outcome and prognosis in a more individualized and patient-tailored approach in the real clinical setting. Guideline development for treatment selection and outcome monitoring in addiction medicine based on similar studies could enhance treatment outcome in clinical services.

The Role of the Chinese Police in Methadone Maintenance Therapy: A Literature Review

The behavior of police is an important factor in drug users’ access to preventive and therapeutic health services. In China, opiate users must be registered and approved by police before accessing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). We conducted a literature review to identify studies reporting original data about the influence of Chinese drug policing activities on MMT access and outcomes. Searches were conducted in PubMed, the Law Journal Library of HeinOnline, the Social Science Citation Index and China Academic Journals of CNKI for empirical studies conducted in China and published in academic journals between 2005 and April 2012. The initial literature search retrieved 276 records, of which 85 were included in the review and 191 were excluded. The majority of the included papers were single-clinic observational studies. These studies reported that: (1) fear of incarceration deterred users from initiating and continuing MMT; (2) the rates of MMT referral by police were considerably lower than those by drug user peers and by community and the media; (3) police sending users to compulsory detoxification (DETOX) and reeducation through labor (RTL) centers contributed to higher rates of MMT patient dropout; (4) arrests in and around MMT clinics were not uncommon; (5) cooperation between local police and public health agencies was difficult to achieve; and (6) a limited number of trial programs were conducted to refer detainees in DETOX to MMT clinics after release, but the outcomes were not promising. Reviewed studies report drug policing practices that appear to be impeding MMT access and reducing successful treatment outcomes. Research focusing on the nature, prevalence and severity of these effects is urgently needed. Health and public security officials in China should review and reform policies and practices of registering, monitoring, and incarcerating drug users.