Destination Identity Research Articles

Empirical evaluation of the new Haiti DMO logo: Visual aesthetics, identity and communication implications

• Logos are perceived to play a central role in DMO rebranding strategy. • Logos should be visually attractive while embodying the destination identity. • There is a trade-off between visual aesthetics and destination identity. • Survey methods are recommended for logo design optimisation in branding strategies.

관광객의 관광지 정체성 인식이 태도, 만족도, 행동의도에 미치는 영향 관계 : 남이섬을 대상으로

관광객의 관광지 정체성 인식이 태도, 만족도, 행동의도에 미치는 영향 관계 : 남이섬을 대상으로

International visitor surveys

International visitor surveys

Exploring destination psychological ownership among tourists: Antecedents and outcomes

Abstract Authors explore the role of ‘destination’ as an object of individual possession. Grounded in psychological ownership theory, this study explores the role of a sense of psychological ownership towards the destinations in tourism. Data collected from 430 tourists in India through intercept survey questionnaire was analyzed through SEM. The results indicate that the tourists' identification and belongingness with the destination result in a sense of psychological ownership towards the destination. The sense of psychological ownership towards the destination positively influences the revisit intentions and intentions to recommend the focal destination. The results also reveal that the destination brand salience facilitated by the concerned tourism departments and agencies moderates the influence of destination identification and destination belongingness on destination psychological ownership. The study contributes to the existing understanding of tourism researchers by adding a relatively new theoretical background to tourist-destination relationships. The study also has specific implications for destination marketers.

Marketing and managing destination identity for tourism promotion: the case of Koh Chang Marine National Park in Thailand

Marketing and managing destination identity for tourism promotion: the case of Koh Chang Marine National Park in Thailand

The Relationship of Perceived Service Quality With Revisitation and Subjective Well-Being of Chinese Tourists: The Role of Emotions and Destination Identification

Utilizing Mehrabian-Russell's Stimulus–Organism–Response framework, this research investigates how service quality elicits positive emotions, negative emotions, and destination identification, contributing to tourists' subjective well-being and intentions to return to a destination. Using an intercept sampling approach at a natural and cultural destination, a total of 539 completed questionnaires were obtained from Chinese tourists. The findings demonstrate that perceived service quality can enhance tourists' positive emotions and identification with a destination while decreasing negative emotions. This study also provides empirical evidence for a direct relationship between emotions in tourism consumption and destination identification processes. In addition, the results suggest that emotions and destination identification can bring about both economic benefits to a destination via revisitation and positive social outcomes for tourists in the form of subjective well-being.

A Scor-based Model For Green Sales And Distribution Performance Measurement In The Leather Tanning Industry

A green supply chain performance measurement system is needed to manage the environmental risks that are often being the major issues of industry. Claim from the government to implement the green supply chain system will certainly be a boost to major industries in Indonesia. As for PT. Elco lndonesia Sejahtera, to create an industry that applies green perspective in the industry, of course PT. EIS requires a model of its own enterprise performance measurement system design. Therefore, this study aims to design a performance measurement system from Green Sales and Distribution in the supply chain of leather tanning industry. The model used as a tool for designing performance measurement systems from the supply chain is Green SCOR model. The conceptual model is designed by involving activities such as stakeholder identification, needs analysis of green stakeholders, green destination identification, and KPI weighting. The supply chain operation reference metric (SCOR) is applied to identify key performance indicators (KPIs). The weight of the KPI is determined using the AHP method. The results of this study are six green objectives and also fifteen Key Performance indicators under it. Green objectives and Key performance can help companies to improve the performance of Green Sales and Distribution in the company.

Utilizing Local Food Product at Rural Destination

Local food is considered as a symbol of culture destination and its people. Consuming local food is one of the memorial activities by tourists during the holiday seasons apart from fulfilling the basic needs and demands in rural destination. By participating in local food activities, it gives the opportunity to identify closely different culture and identity of a rural destination. Local food in rural destination does not only satisfy hunger, but also provides a major component of intangible heritage and becomes increasingly important attraction for tourists. Current research has found that local food at the rural destination helps to promote destination awareness, form destination identity, create tourist activity, and contribute to tourist satisfaction and experience. Thus, local food can be used as a tool to develop economies in rural destination. In tourism aspects, rural destinations tend to sell common attributes such as nature, historical sites, landscape, and cultural heritage. Integrating local food in rural destination may help to strengthen a tourist destination identity and competitiveness. Therefore, this conceptual paper provides the understanding of utilizing local food product for rural destination development domestically and globally.

관광객 시선에 따른 관광지 정체성 및 브랜드 가치와 방문성과 연구

In order to understand the gaze more deeply, we want to explore the relationship between tourist destination identity and tourist destination brand value perceived by tourists. The scope and method of the study included three-stage surveys of Chinese tourists visiting major tourist destinations in Seoul. 465 valid samples were used for the final analysis. Frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed using SPSS 23.0.The results of the study showed that the components of a tourists 'gaze were derived from seven factors: 1) Tourism resource activation, 2) Living environment development, 3) Local fashion and beauty sensitivity, 4) Traditional culture preservation, 5) Food diversity, 6) Service quality excellence and 7) Local residents' superiority. Also, it was proved that a tourist 's gaze had a significant effect on tourism destination identity, tourism destination brand value and tourism performance. This research was done to overcome limitations of qualitative research paradigms existing in current foreign tourist gaze research. The study also combined qualitative and quantitative research methodology to understand the intrinsic psychology of Chinese tourists and to improve the structure of the tourism industry at large and to develop symbolic tourism resources.

컨벤션목적지 정체성 인식에 따른 방문가치 및 충성도 구조연구

본 논문에서는 컨벤션관광목적지인 한국에 대한 정체성 인식에 따라 컨벤션 방문가치 및 충성도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 검증하고자 한다. 선행연구를 통해 컨벤션 참가자가 인식하는 컨벤션목적지의 경쟁력, 자연환경적, 사회문화적 등 다차원적 정체성 요인을 정리하였다. 이러한 요인들이 방문가치 및 충성도에 미치는 영향력을 확인하여, 컨벤션목적지 관리 및 지속가능한 발전을 위한 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 컨벤션이 개최되는 장소에서 외국인을 대상으로 설문지를 배부, 유효표본 308부를 확보하여 EFA, CFA, SEM 등을 활용해 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과로, 정체성 요인 중 자연경관, 경쟁력 정체성이 방문가치에 영향을 미치며, 방문가치는 충성도에 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 컨벤션참가자들이 인식하는 중요한 정체성 요인을 발전시키고, 이에 대한 지속적인 인식개선 및 전략을 개발하려는 노력이 필요하다.

Assessment the Level Sustainability of Rural Destinations to Achieve Rural Tourism Development with Destination Image Modifier (Case Study: Derak Dehestan- Shiraz County)

Extended abstract 1. INTRODUCTION Rural tourism can be defined as the ‘country experience’ which encompasses a wide range of attractions and activities that take place in agricultural or non-urban areas. Its essential characteristics include wide-open spaces, low levels of tourism development, and opportunities for visitors to directly experience agricultural and/or natural environments. In the recent years, aside from its positive economic and social influences in the rural areas, tourism has been strongly accorded as a resource for the renewal and sustainable development of these areas. In fact, rural tourism is considered as a means of sustainable Development and natural resources protection. On the other hand, rural destination image is connected to common representations of rurality in tourism and rural imaginaries. In Iran, 30 percent of the population live in rural areas. The villages of Drak Dehestan in Fars province is one of the most important region in Iran that has the potential for tourism sustainable development. In this way, the purpose of this paper is assessing the economic, social and environmental sustainability with regard to destination image role as a modifier factor in villages of Derak Dehestan in Shiraz city. 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Nowadays, tourism is considered as the most comprehensive service industry of the world that has acquired a special place in economic, cultural, social, and political realms. Worldwide changes in the aftermath of the Second World War regarding the prevalence of urbanization, large cities, urban environmental pollutions, and the increase of leisure time resulted in the expansion of rural tourism. In the following decades, tourism was considered as a tool for rural development. Scientists have tried, by means of different patterns, to promote the role of tourism in the rural development. Therefore, it is possible to organically combine the two streams of destination identity research in the examination of a rural destination's image structure. Moreover, to construct a destination identity that represents localized features and lifestyles and elicits a holistic image suitable for tourism promotion, it is necessary to understand the role of rurality in rural tourism. 3. METHODOLOGY In this research, a descriptive-correlation method was used and in terms of purpose, it is an applied research. Data were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (LISREL) and Partial Least Squares method (PLS). According to Morgan table and stratified random sampling method, 385 tourists were selected. To collect data, questionnaire was used and its validity and reliability were examined by Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability and construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis). The levels of sustainability in the villages were done by selection of a number of important elements. Economic sustainability were measured by 5 items of the questionnaire including employment, living condition, earning money, migration of economic actors and land prices in the area. In order to investigate the social sustainability, a total of 4 items were applied; cultural exchange between people and tourists, tendency to addiction, public security and social links. Environmental sustainability indicator includes 5 items, i.e., air pollution, noise pollution, natural areas, the construction in pristine areas, traditional texture village of Qalat. 4. DISCUSSION In this research, most important aspects of sustainability have considered. In these villages, there are a range of positive and negative impacts in terms of rural tourism development. Results show social sustainability has highest impact factor (0.33). After that economic sustainability (0.22) and environmental sustainability (0.15) have more impact factor in the way of rural tourism development in selected villages of Drake region. Economic and environmental sustainable levels are lower than mean and social level is higher than mean. Moreover, the destination image as a modifier variable has positive and significant effect on economic sustainability, but it has not effect on social sustainability in Derak Dehestan and there is not significant relation between them. The Destination image has adverse and significant relation on environmental sustainability. 5. CONCLUSION The image destination can have important role for rural destination. There is a dynamic tension between tourists' imagination and tourism destinations. The tourists' consumption of and interaction with rural are dependent on offering rural areas that match tourists' expectations. This research show that destination image can impacts rural sustainability. It can be said the more we have positive image towards rural destination, the more we have sustainability. Given the findings, some suggestions are also presented, i.e., consider the role of local authority in the development of tourism as an effective factor to participate locals and raise awareness of the benefits of rural tourism development. Like other studies, this study has limitations. Including limited access to some tourists and inappropriateness of fitness model. It is suggested for future studies to examine the personal and demographic factors on people's willingness to visit and consider its impact on tourism development.

DESTINATION IMAGE OF BALI BASED ON THE PUSH MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS, IDENTITY AND DESTINATION CREATIONS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF FOREIGN SENIOR TOURIST*

The strength of the senior traveler segment is the high purchasing power the length of stay in a destination, making this market segment increasingly important in present and future. Consequently, this research aims to establish a model of motivation and its relationship with the image of Bali as an international tourism destination, especially from the perspective of senior tourists. This research employed survey method and utilized a combination of quantitative and qualitative analytical techniques. Factor analysis condensed various indicators into several key indicators to form a model with goodness of fit. Indicators representing push motivation variable include the improvement of health/fitness and the drive to perform physical exercise. Indicators representing destination identity variable include the culture and nature of Bali. Indicators representing destination creation variable include the service quality of travel agencies and service quality of travel guides. Indicators representing destination image variable include the image of cultural uniqueness and holiday atmosphere of Bali. The survey in this study involved 400 respondents of senior tourists, exclusively only foreign nationals. Goodness of fit is affirmed on the results of the analysis model, which answered the hypothesis that push motivation and destination creation affect destination images.

The Perceived Destination Identity of Stakeholders: a Case of Chang Island

The tourism industry in Thailand is a significant economic activity due to the large and increasing number of tourists, facilities, accommodation and revenue. It is likely to increase its contribution to the GDP from its already significant role of more than 10%. Additionally, the tourism industry career opportunities and helps spread prosperity throughout the kingdom. Chang Island is no exception. Tourism on Chang Island is arguably the most important revenue-generating sector because of the income and job creation. Much of the competition in tourism focuses on tourists’ ability to recognize and remember a particular destination as being unique. Because of this, the development and use of a strong destination identity is critical when making strategic marketing plans. Many tourists will select their holiday destination from their memory of, or recognition of a destination identity. That is why the message behind a destination identity should be a topic to highlight. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the real-life perception of Chang Island’s destination identity by its sender stakeholders. This will help the researcher identify key issues that allow for the development of a suitable guideline for review and possible revision of the island’s destination identity. A qualitative analysis of data collected in this study provides a grounded theory, to support the perception of the sender side of Chang Island’s stakeholders.

Discursive contradictions in regional tourism marketing strategies: The case of Fryslân, The Netherlands

Discourses in tourism destination marketing play an important role in constructing and consuming tourism destinations. However, various discursive contradictions can emerge, potentially limiting or facilitating tourism development. This paper has two objectives. First, it aims to identify discursive contradictions embedded in the positioning statements of regional tourism marketing strategy documents. Second, it intends to highlight how such contradictions simultaneously prioritize and destabilize certain destination identities. Employing the case of the Dutch province of Fryslân, discourse analysis of tourism marketing documents was conducted. Findings revealed contradictions emerging along five themes: place branding, identity claims, target groups, roles and collaboration. Regional Frisian tourism marketing appears to prioritize external orientations and homogenizing identities, with limited consideration of geographically proximate markets and a selective perception of internal stakeholders' roles in tourism. Possible implications of such destination positioning are discussed and suggestions are made to balance various positioning orientations in regional place branding.

Exploring Destination Identity and Destination Image in The New Age of Tourism: a Case Study of Bali Brand

Bali's economy has grown rapidly since a decade ago. This is possible because tourism is growing continuously. However, tourism growth is not optimal because of insufficient promotion and tourism destination identity is unclear. The growth of Web 2.0 as a platform to share travel information has prompted tourism bodies to pay closer attention to how their destinations are perceived by target markets. Set within the context of the emergence of Web 2.0, a platform designed to enable users to generate and share information on the Internet, this paper evaluates the relationship between destination identity and destination image and adopts the view that a successful destination brand relies on the congruence between destination identity and destination image. The elements of destination identity are composed from the supply side and the elements of destination image are composed from the consumer side. The objective of exploring the alignment between these two perspectives is to propose a model to encourage the alignment of these two perspectives and evaluate the effectiveness of a destination branding strategy.

Exploring the value of an ethnic restaurant experience: a consumer perspective towards Korean restaurants

ABSTRACTEthnic food consumption experience has become an important means of generating awareness and understanding of a tourist destination's identity and gastronomic culture. Recent research addresses the need for a better understanding of consumers’ perceptions of ethnic restaurant attributes in influencing the consumer decision-making process and improving proactive responsiveness to the current market changes. This study aims to examine the effects of cultural background-based consumer segments on cognitive and emotional perceptions, specifically regarding their Korean restaurant experiences in terms of three dimensions: gastronomy, culture and health. A patron survey was carried out with 256 consumers in Korean restaurants in Adelaide, Australia. The results of the study show that a majority of respondents were more likely to place a greater value on the gastronomic (e.g. taste, variety of food) and health dimensions of Korean food and dining attributes rather than on cultural attributes. Additional findings indicate that there were different levels of cognitive perceptions and emotional responses towards Korean restaurant experiences between Australian and Asian diners. This study suggests that the individual characteristics, such as consumer cultural background, can be a valuable indicator for developing new products and marketing strategies which appeal to different market segments’ distinct preferences for ethnic restaurant experiences.

Online Communication and Italian Tourism

Tourism destinations seek to attract tourists in innovative and enticing ways by using web-based communication media. Since tourists have the choice between many destinations of the same target category, destinations are required to provide something special in order to stand out from other destinations. Recently, a lot of attention has been paid to the idea of creating promotional ecosystems able to represent territorial specificities while, at the same time, taking advantage of the global attractiveness of the country brand. However, less is known about how integrated bottom-up approaches. Since congruence between destination image and destination identity was already found to be highly important for successful destination branding, integrated bottom-up communication could provide a reliable basis for developing effective destination branding campaigns.

Images, affective evaluation and personality traits in tourist behaviour: An exploratory study with Italian postcards

The purpose of this study was to explore which kinds of emotions were evoked by the postcards of an Italian tourism destination and whether their affective components influenced the perception of the tourism destination's identity. The study also explored the relationship between personality traits and emotions. The empirical data was obtained by a convenient sample of 110 tourists who were asked to evaluate two of ten selected postcards of Polistena (located in the South of Italy). After a preliminary evaluation, two postcards were analysed in terms of affective feeling and personality traits. The findings reveal that the postcards evoked emotions that encouraged tourists to travel. The personality traits conscientiousness and emotional stability highlighted the fact that tourists are accurate in selecting and sending exclusive postcards for communicating ideas about the holiday destination that they visited to others. Finally, some considerations regarding the role of postcards in improving tourism are discussed.

Destination Image of Bali Indonesia in the Perspective of Senior Foreign Tourists

The strength of the senior traveler segment is the high purchasing power the length of stay in a destination, making this market segment increasingly important in present and future. Consequently, this research aims to establish a model of motivation and its relationship with the image of Bali as an international tourism destination, especially from the perspective of senior tourists. This research employed survey method and utilized a combination of quantitative and qualitative analytical techniques. Factor analysis condensed various indicators into several key indicators to form a model with goodness of fit. Indicators representing push motivation variable include the improvement of health/fitness and the drive to perform physical exercise. Indicators representing destination identity variable include the culture and nature of Bali. Indicators representing destination creation variable include the service quality of travel agencies and service quality of travel guides. Indicators representing destination image variable include the image of cultural uniqueness and holiday atmosphere of Bali. The survey in this study involved 400 respondents of senior tourists, exclusively only foreign nationals. Goodness of fit is affirmed on the results of the analysis model, which answered the hypothesis that push motivation and destination creation affect destination image.

Achieving tourist loyalty through destination personality, satisfaction, and identification

The general marketing literature suggests that brand personality, satisfaction, and customer identification with the brand are important drivers of consumer behavior in several contexts. Yet, the literature lacks studies on these constructs' role in tourist behavior. In an endeavor to overcome this research deficit, this study explores the interrelationships among destination personality, tourist satisfaction, and tourist–destination identification, and the extent to which they are important in influencing positive word-of-mouth and revisit intentions. The study employs structural equation modeling to analyze data from 490 Taiwanese consumers reporting on their most recently visited tourism destinations. Findings indicate that (1) destination personality promotes tourist satisfaction, tourist–destination identification, positive word-of-mouth, and revisit intentions; (2) satisfaction encourages identification and word-of-mouth; and (3) identification enhances word-of-mouth and revisit intentions. The paper provides theoretical and managerial implications.