Design Of Production Systems Research Articles

Cubic Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia: Process Optimization and Potential Industrial Implementation.

Cubic nanoparticles are referred to as the best shaped particles for magnetic hyperthermia applications. In this work, the best set of values for obtaining optimized shape and size of magnetic particles (namely: reagents quantities and proportions, type of solvents, temperature, etc.) is determined. A full industrial implementation study is also performed, including production system design and technical and economic viability.

A new optimization algorithm for the layout design of a subsea production system

The layout of subsea production system is a key issue in the development of deepwater oil and gas fields. In this paper, we developed a new algorithm to optimize the layout of a subsea production system to reduce facility costs. The new algorithm utilized a complex iterative structure based on an unsupervised learning method and clustering algorithm to continuously adjust the optimization problems. We carried out the collaborative optimization by considering the layout scenarios of cluster manifolds, wellhead grouping, and connection relationship between manifolds to achieve better optimization design results. On the basis of the new algorithm proposed in this paper, we took some deepwater oil fields with different wells as an example for case analysis and compared the results with those of the scheme without considering various optimization aspects. The results verified that the new model effectively reduced the subsea development costs.

The evaluation of Conventional manufacturing to an advanced manufacturing systems-A case study

In the last few decades the design of typical production systems has drastically changed. The utmost noticeable of various changes are recognized, as of now a few factors which have induced them. When technology concern, there are many factors that are affecting the manufacturing systems. In past decades all manufacturers produced their products concerning the market demand. The mass productions have produced the products irrespective of market demands, but present days without customization of the product and demand of the product, no production is come forward to produce their products. Due to the competency and reputation of the product in the market is very less and the competition of the product is very high. These reasons may affect manufacturing systems. In this regard, the manufacturing systems are switch on automation technology. When the new technology is adopted in the manufacturing firms, there are huge benefits occurred by the Computer Numerical Controlled machines (CNC) machines utilization. The Automated CNC machine utilization factor is greater than traditional manufacturing machine utilization.

Clustering analysis for production system design of emulsifier for biodiesel B30 based on digital business ecosystem

Biodiesel in Indonesia is synthesized from palm oil into Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME). In Biodiesel B30, FAME and diesel fuels cannot be homogeneous because FAME is hygroscopic and has a higher density than diesel fuels. This problem can be solved by adding emulsifiers. However, the emulsifier production process is currently limited to the laboratory scale. So, it is necessary to simulate the scaling up emulsifier production system and also the classification of the emulsifier product in the quality control section for this process production. Its integration processes and product are also not following the quality standard. This study aims to identify the relation of emulsifier formulation’s attributes then classify the quality according to the emission of NOx gas. The methods used to determine analyzed system requirements are using BPMN 2.0. The rules are then compiled from the existing emulsifier production system using Association Rules Mining (ARM), and the K-means algorithm will cluster the result. These rules can be used as a reference in taking influential attributes for emulsifier formulation. K-Means algorithm models the rules from the ARM into clusters where data in one cluster has the same characteristics and different characteristics from other clusters. The dataset used is hypothetical data from the formulation and quality testing of the emulsifier. This study’s final results are ten attributes that were approved in the emulsifier formulation and 4 clusters of emulsifier product quality based on NOx gas emissions and separated water layers.

Plasmid-Free System and Modular Design for Efficient 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Production by Engineered Escherichia coli.

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an essential intermediate for many organisms and has been considered for the applications of medical especially in photodynamic therapy of cancer recently. However, ALA production via chemical approach is complicated; hence, microbial manufacturing has received more attentions. In this study, a modular design to simultaneously express ALA synthase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (RshemA), a non-specific ALA exporter (RhtA), and chaperones was first developed and discussed. The ALA production was significantly increased by coexpressing RhtA and RshemA. Besides, ALA was enhanced by the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) which was supplied by expressing genes of pdxK and pdxY or direct addition. However, inclusion bodies of RshemA served as an obstacle; thus, chaperones DnaK and GroELS were introduced to reform the conformation of proteins and successfully improved ALA production. Finally, a plasmid-free strain RrGI, as the robust chassis, was established and a 6.23-fold enhancement on ALA biosynthesis and led to 7.47 g/L titer and 0.588 g/L/h productivity under the optimal cultural condition.

On the relationships between the design of assembly manufacturing and inspection systems and product quality

This study is a response to the observation that little attention has been paid to the relationship between production (manufacturing) system design and product quality. In particular, only very limited work exists analyzing assembly system quality when multiple products are produced in the same system. Here, a computational scheme to estimate material, capacity and resource requirements in assembly manufacturing systems with imperfect quality is proposed. Accurate estimation of these requirements is vital to system design. The proposed scheme integrates the design of both production and inspection systems, accounts for inspection errors of both types—missing defective units and false rejection—and enables the comparison of alternative designs. In addition, the structure of the inspection system significantly affects both the volumes of material flows and the structure of the material flow network. These ramifications of imperfect quality have been overlooked thus far, but are also examined and discussed in this study.

Research on technology of safety automatic particle forming equipment for pyrotechnic

Pyrotechnic agent was a sensitive energetic material that produces explosion and combustion effects of pyrotechnics. It plays a decisive role in the safety, reliability and effectiveness of the weapon system. Because the current pyrotechnic agent is sensitive to high temperature, mechanical impact, and friction, there are many unsafe factors in its manufacture and use. The demand of continuous, automatic and environmental protection production technology for pyrotechnics in China is increasing. The traditional sensitive explosive can not meet these requirements, so it is necessary to accelerate the development of sensitive explosive to safeandinsensitive explosive.Therefore, in order to solve the key issues such as the safety and high-efficiency preparation of multi-component pyrotechnic agents, realize the environmental protection, safety and low-cost production of pyrotechnic agents. Based on the project design of a mixed propellant production system in an initiating explosive device factory, this research carried out the research on the safety automatic particle forming equipment for initiating explosive. It provides technical support for the innovation of weapons and equipment, and the upgrading of weapons and equipment manufacturing and production technology.

A knowledge-based automated design system for mechanical products based on a general knowledge framework

In the field of mechanical product design, there have been difficulties in building a general model to represent a design process since the type of mechanical products is diverse and the design process requires different complex domain knowledge. This results in the need for different domain experts to design special system development schemes for different kinds of mechanical products, which greatly increases the cost of the research and development. In addition, there have been difficulties in the automation, intellectualization and acceleration of mechanical product design process, as the process is based on experiential knowledge and relies extensively on the synthetic decision of experts (SDE), which is hard to be integrated into the design process without the participation of experts in person. To cope with these two issues, a knowledge-based automated design (KAD) system for mechanical products was developed in this study. Firstly, a general feature design flow (GFDF) framework was proposed to represent the design knowledge of various mechanical products from initial design stage, including requirement analysis, to the final automated generation of computer-aided design (CAD) model. Based on parametric technology and application programming interface (API) functions, the GFDF framework decomposes the explicit and implicit knowledge of a top-down design process into four rank-correlated features and two feature correlation matrices (FCMs) respectively. Based on the GFDF framework, a requirement analysis method using analysis hierarchy process (AHP) was proposed to transfer qualitative features to quantitative parameters. Secondly, by adopting the support vector regression (SVR) machine, a feature reuse case adaptation (FR-CA) method based on case-based reasoning (CBR) was proposed to achieve the automation and intellectualization of parameter solving integrating the SDE without the actual participation of experts. The FRCA method transforms the SDE into an FCM, which can be identified during the case adaptation process, and maximizes the utilization of solved features in each adaptation process. A comparison experiment between FR-CA and conventional method for case adaptation indicated that the adaptation performance of FR-CA method is better than that of the conventional one. Finally, the KAD system was applied to the design of corn huskers. The result showed that the KAD system could improve the automated, intelligent and rapid design of mechanical products.

Consideration of workers’ differences in production systems modelling and design: State of the art and directions for future research

The effects of workforce differences on manufacturing systems have attracted the attention of a wide range of researchers in recent years. The differences between workers in terms of skills, age, gender and anthropometric measures have a large impact on production system performance. In this study, the workforce differences factors in production system design and modelling were investigated, with the aim of understanding how the differences between workers could influence a production system and how they had been considered in previous studies. The papers selected from the Scopus database were categorised based on whether how human factors are incorporated into manufacturing system optimisation and design approaches is discussed therein or is not. To find relevant papers, two sets of keywords were defined: (1) keywords relating to the differences between workers and (2) keywords relating to the kind of problem under study. Furthermore, the investigated papers helped highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the existing literature and derive a discussion on the possible future research steps.

Sustainable development of microalgal biotechnology in coastal zone for aquaculture and food.

Region-specific Research and Development (R&D) of microalga-derived product systems are crucial if "biotech's green gold" is to be explored in a rational and economically viable way. Coastal zones, particularly the locations around the equator, are typically considered to be optimum cultivation sites due to stable annual temperature, light, and ready availability of seawater. However, a 'cradle-to-grave' assessment of the development of microalgal biotechnology in these areas, not only under the laboratory conditions, but also in the fields has not yet been demonstrated. In this study, to evaluate the viability of microalga-derived multi-product technology, we showed the development of microalgal biotechnology in coastal zones for aquaculture and food. By creating and screening a (sub)tropical microalgal collection, a Chlorella strain MEM25 with a robust growth in a wide range of salinities, temperatures, and light intensities was identified. Evaluation of the economic viability and performance of different scale cultivation system designs (500L and 5000L closed photobioreactors and 60,000L open race ponds, ORPs) at coastal zones under geographically specific conditions showed the stable and robust characteristics of MEM25 across different production system designs and various spatial and temporal scales. It produces high amounts of proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in various conditions. Feeding experiments reveal the nutritional merits of MEM25 as food additives where PUFAs and essential amino acids are enriched and the algal diet improves consumers' growth. Economic evaluation highlights an appreciable profitability of MEM25 production as human or animal food using ORP systems. Therefore, despite the pros and cons, sound opportunities exist for the development of market-ready multiple-product systems by employing region-specific R&D strategies for microalgal biotechnology.

Model-Driven Design and Development of Flexible Automated Production Control Configurations for Industry 4.0

The continuous changes of the market and customer demands have forced modern automation systems to provide stricter Quality of service (QoS) requirements. This work is centered in automation production system flexibility, understood as the ability to shift from one controller configuration to a different one, in the most quick and cost-effective way, without disrupting its normal operation. In the manufacturing field, this allows to deal with non-functional requirements such as assuring control system availability or workload balancing, even in the case of failure of a machine, components, network or controllers. Concretely, this work focuses on flexible applications at production level, using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) as primary controllers. The reconfiguration of the control system is not always possible as it depends on the process state. Thus, an analysis of the system state is necessary to make a decision. In this sense, architectures based on industrial Multi Agent Systems (MAS) have been used to provide this support at runtime. Additionally, the introduction of these mechanisms makes the design and the implementation of the control system more complex. This work aims at supporting the design and development of such flexible automation production systems, through the proposed model-based framework. The framework consists of a set of tools that, based on models, automate the generation of control code extensions that add flexibility to the automation production system, according to industry 4.0 paradigm.

Applying an integrated production system based on social manufacturing to develop a medical device

In the current Covid-19 pandemic, many manufacturing industries have been affected, including the health industry. The need for medical devices during this pandemic was very high, causing scarcity of goods on the market, and high selling prices, because most medical devices had to be imported. The concept of social manufacturing can be one way to revive the health industry in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to develop an integrated production system through social manufacturing by involving small and medium companies and measuring the competitive level of production results from the quality side. The method used in this research is starting from literature study, field observation, production system design, product and system testing, and analysis of social manufacturing based production system test results. The results of this study are a social manufacturing-based production system for medical device products in the form of a Sanitation Chamber, and also the measurement of product quality in terms of performance (83.20), features (80.40), reliability (79.56), conformance (81.11), durability (84.67), service ability (78.33), aesthetics (81.83) and perceived quality (79.83).

Supervised learning-based approximation method for single-server open queueing networks with correlated interarrival and service times

Efficient performance evaluation methods are needed to design and control production systems. We propose a method to analyse single-server open queueing network models of manufacturing systems composed of delay, batching, merge and split blocks with correlated interarrival and service times. Our method (SLQNA) is based on using a supervised learning approach to determine the mean, the coefficient of variation, and the first-lag autocorrelation of the inter-departure time process as functions of the mean, coefficient of variation and first-lag autocorrelations of the interarrival and service times for each block, and then using the predicted inter-departure time process as the input to the next block in the network. The training data for the supervised learning algorithm is obtained by simulating the systems for a wide range of parameters. Gaussian Process Regression is used as a supervised learning algorithm. The algorithm is trained once for each block. SLQNA does not require generating additional training data for each unique network. The results are compared with simulation and also with the approximations that are based on Markov Arrival Process modelling, robust queueing, and G/G/1 approximations. Our results show that SLQNA is flexible, computationally efficient, and significantly more accurate and faster compared to the other methods.

Simulation modeling of manufacturing

Effective management and possession of smoothly running design processes of production, deliveries, is an integral part of the modern enterprises. One of the main instruments of planning of production is simulation modeling. New tools for digital production support decision-making at design of production systems. Modeling of processes is faster way of finding of the correct solution in view of generation of exact forecasts, allowing to evaluate different alternatives. The research, the showing results received when using techniques of the simulation modeling and careful production created in program providing Tecnomatix Plant Simulation is presented in article. Visualization of all processes presented in article shows advantages and shortcomings of the offered optimization techniques, allowing to draw a conclusion on how many effective or not effective will be a developed system.

Design of Automatic Production System for Multi-agent Edible Fungus Inoculation

The automatic production system of edible fungus and fungus coating includes feeding robot, rod pulling robot, fungus injection system, cotton ball sealing system, detection system, feeding robot and assembly line. In the process of automatic bacteria injection, the work process is complicated because the space, function, and time of each part are different. It is difficult to achieve coordinated control of various devices using a single system. Therefore, multiple agents are established for the actual running multi-stage production system. Through the FA/C protocol, the agents communicate with each other, and the Manager-Agent is used to coordinate the control of each Task-Agent. Multi-agents are used to coordinately control the inoculation process of edible fungus bag, which is safe and reliable to meet the requirements of automatic inoculation of edible fungus bag.

Cell Production System Design: A Literature Review

Purpose In a cell production system, a number of machines that differ in function are housed in the same cell. The task of these cells is to complete operations on similar parts that are in the same group. Determining the family of machine parts and cells is one of the major design problems of production cells. Cell production system design methods include clustering, graph theory, artificial intelligence, meta-heuristic, simulation, mathematical programming. This article discusses the operation of methods and research in the field of cell production system design. Methodology: To examine these methods, from 187 articles published in this field by authoritative scientific sources, based on the year of publication and the number of restrictions considered and close to reality, which are searched using the keywords of these restrictions and among them articles Various aspects of production and design problems, such as considering machine costs and cell size and process routing, have been selected simultaneously. Findings: Finally, the distribution diagram of the use of these methods and the limitations considered by their researchers, shows the use and efficiency of each of these methods. By examining them, more efficient and efficient design fields of this type of production system can be identified. Originality/Value: In this article, the literature on cell production system from 1972 to 2021 has been reviewed.

Analysis and Design of a Hybrid Energy Production System to Meet the Energy Demand of a Plant in Konya

Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarinin dezavantajlarini yok etmek adina kullanilan hibrit enerji uretim sistemleri giderek yayginlasmaktadir. Calismamizda Konya ilindeki bir fabrikanin enerji ihtiyacini karsilamak icin, sebekeye bagli fotovoltaik (FV) gunes enerjisi sistemi, aku ve dizel jeneratorden olusan hibrit bir sistem Coklu Enerji Kaynaklari Icin Hibrid Optimizasyonu (HOMER) yazilimi kullanilarak analiz edilmis ve tasarlanmistir. Analiz yapilirken, Konya’nin cografi pozisyonu, fabrikanin fiziksel ve ekonomik kisitlari gibi ozellikler goz onunde bulundurulmustur. Sistemin analiz ve tasarimi yapildiktan sonra yillar icerisinde gerceklesmesi muhtemel FV panellerdeki verim dusumu, yukteki artis ve elektrik kesintileri gibi durumlarin sisteme olan etkisi incelenmistir. Calismada sistemin omru 25 yil olarak alinmis ve degerlendirme kriterleri olarak net bugunku maliyet (NBM) ve enerji maliyeti gibi parametreler goz onunde bulundurulmustur. Fabrikanin gunluk ortalama 1000 kWh olan elektrik ihtiyacinin karsilanabilmesi icin 3500 kW gucunde gunes paneli, 2400 kW gucunde dizel jenerator, 55 kWh kapasitede batarya ve 2885 kW gucunde konvertor onerilmistir. Bu sistemin NBM degeri 7.81 M$ olup yatirim maliyeti 1.94 M$ seviyesindedir. FV panellerde gerceklesen %0.81’lik yillik verim kaybi dusunuldugu takdirde NBM %7.94, enerji maliyeti %11.16 oraninda artmis ve sistemdeki yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklari (YEK) orani %5.74 oraninda azalmistir. Elektrik enerjisi talebinin artis orani yillik %2 olarak dusunuldugu zaman NBM %42.13, enerji maliyeti %24.29 artmis ve sistemdeki YEK orani %14.34 oraninda azalmistir. Sanayide gerceklesen elektrik kesintilerinin degerlendirildigi durumda NBM %2.56, enerji maliyeti %2.84 artmistir. Bu durumda sistemdeki YEK orani %0.61 azalmistir. Sonuc olarak onerilen hibrit enerji uretim sistemi ile fabrikanin elektrik ihtiyaci kesinti olmadan guvenilir sekilde saglanabilecektir.

Aspects of Industrial Design and Their Implications for Society. Case Studies on the Influence of Packaging Design and Placement at the Point of Sale

Manufacturing engineering is responsible for the design, development and improvement of production systems that convert raw materials into finished products. Each product is designed to be sold to numerous potential consumers, so the importance of the stimuli surrounding the product in packaging, and at the point of sale, cannot be underestimated. The environmental, social, and ethical commitments of industrial design (and their implications in manufacturing) are establishing universal principles in a common effort to foster a more harmonious and sustainable society. This work aims to analyse, through eye tracking biometric techniques, the level of saturation of information generated by the concentration of stimuli in packaging and the retail channel, possibly creating a lower level of attention towards the product itself. This research confirms that every product associated with a manufacturing process seeks to respond to a need, so the associated responsibility is significant. This would suggest that designers incorporate knowledge from multiple fields, including marketing strategies, design, research and development, basic knowledge related to production, integration management and communication skills. More than 50% of consumer attention is dedicated to other elements/items that accompany the product, so it is important to consider this in the design phase. The results can be used to improve efficiency in both generating product attention, and stimulus design for the purchasing process.

Capability matchmaking software for rapid production system design and reconfiguration planning

Traditionally, the production system design and reconfiguration planning are manual processes, which rely heavily on the designers’ expertise and tacit knowledge to find feasible system configuration solutions. Rapid responsiveness of future production systems calls for new computer-aided intelligent design and planning solutions, that would reduce the time and effort put into system design, both in brownfield and greenfield scenarios. This paper describes the implementation of a capability matchmaking software, which automatizes the matchmaking between product requirements and resource capabilities. The interaction of the matchmaking system with external design and planning tools is explained and illustrated with a case example. The matchmaking approach supports production system design and reconfiguration planning by providing automatic means for checking if the existing system already fulfills the new product requirements, and for finding alternative resources and resource combinations to specific product requirements from large search spaces, e.g. from global resource catalogues.

Considerations on Present Production Science Theory and Didactics: The Evident Lack of a Rational Manufacturing Theory

Today’s universities’ manufacturing courses on production system design and analysis of performance dynamics are heuristics than rational-based, far away from a physics or mathematics theorem constructed science. This is also due to increasing computational power, which allowed the proliferation of simulation-based modeling for complex manufacturing systems to analyze their behavior and optimize their performance. Indeed, manufacturing theory remained stuck to generic practice-based production concepts. The lack of a well-structured scientific production specific theory is increasingly problematic. Engineering students lacking the foundation of a solid theory will base manufacturing systems design rather on believing that the optimization software will solve the scheduling issue instead of comparing alternative modern design principles to conceive high performance manufacturing systems. This attitude is far away from a scientific rational approach to design demand characteristic and product appropriate manufacturing systems by knowing “the theory”. A scientifically formulated manufacturing theory should cover two aspects: Firstly, a proper Cartesian-based understanding and law-based modeling of manufacturing systems to describe rationally their behavior; and secondly, a library with a comprehensive set of elementary production systems’ design principles. The design principles define the functioning of the manufacturing system and the theory models the resulting dynamics of the manufacturing system. This paper exemplarily shows the increased didactic and professional benefit of such an appropriate, solid, theorem and law based manufacturing science. In addition, it also discusses the impact of presently applied manufacturing simulation in today’s context of emerging Industry 4.0 type cyber-physical production systems (CPPS).