Design Of Holder Research Articles

Analysis of Food Holder Design Parameters based on Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) using Design of Experiment Method

The limitations of food holders available in local food manufacturer companies make it difficult to produce varieties of the food pouch size. Since each size of the pouch requires a specific size of food holder, therefore, this paper aims to analyze and design of a new food holder for a food pouch with a 500g capacity to be used in the filling machine. The pouch, conveyor, and ball plunger were analyzed to help in designing the food holder. Then, critical criteria were identified such as the food holder’s height, elbow length, and slotting length. After analyzing all the critical criteria, the design of experiment method (DOE) was used to identify significant parameters in designing the food holder. A dry run was done to test the holder, and as a result, it was identified that the food holder height was the most significant criteria, but other criteria also played an important role in the food holder.

Design and finite element analysis of S355J2 wing holders on tank wagons

Wagon component failures that occur during service life can be reduced by applying appropriate geometric changes and using optimization techniques. Therefore, crucial changes are being studied to improve design and performance in structures such as connecting parts, braking systems, suspension, and transmission systems. The wing holders also have a load-bearing feature in connecting the body to the chassis. The strength of the wagon, component stabilization, and weight reduction are of great importance during transportation. In this study, finite element analysis was carried out for the novel type wing holders of the tank wagon system designed via simpler and stepless with various thicknesses. The von Mises stresses and total deformations, as finite element results, for the thicknesses of 10 mm, 12 mm, and 14 mm occurred due to the standard of EN 12663-2:2010 for both longitudinal and vertical loading conditions were extracted from the software. Finally, according to the design improvements, a new wing holder model was developed, which can contribute to the reduction of production and assembly costs.

Multi-Size Brazing and Soldering Tube Holder

A Multi-Size Brazing and Soldering Tube Holder (MSBaST) to make soldering and brazing proto-solved installations in the high walls of buildings is more accessible and safer and can prevent accidents or harm caused by fire corrosion. Specifically, the study aimed to design and fabricate a holder and evaluate its acceptability in design, usability (angle position of clamping, fitness of clamping on the tube), and effectiveness. The Holder underwent technical evaluation before the final level of acceptability was assessed. The researcher utilized a validated research instrument to gather data from groups of experts, academe, and users. The evaluation results showed high acceptability regarding the Holder's design, usability, and effectiveness. Additionally, testing demonstrated that the time elapsed while using the Holder was much lower than soldering and brazing without it.

Design and construction of the MUSE permanent magnet stellarator

This paper documents the design and construction of MUSE, the world's first permanent magnet (PM) stellarator and the first quasi-axisymmetric experiment. The purpose of MUSE is to develop and assess a new way of building optimised stellarators that uses simple planar coils PMs. Our PM optimisation algorithm consists of initialising a geometry to pack dipoles densely, running the FAMUS code to minimise surface field error subject to PM constraints and applying discrete jumps to reach a physically realisable solution. FAMUS treats the PM system as a set of ideal point dipoles. From there we construct finite-volume magnet towers to be housed in 3D-printed PM holders. We describe the design of the PM holders, which were validated by laser metrology. We analyse the effects of finite permeability, sensitivity to perturbations and magnetostatic forces. An exact analytic formula for the magnetic field from a finite-volume PM tower is presented to compute PM–PM forces and stress on the PM holder. Stellarator construction is complete and experiments are underway.

Газоструйный MPCVD синтез алмазных покрытий на подложках из различного материала

The results of an experimental study of the possibility of applying diamond coatings to substrates made of various materials by a new gas-jet method with microwave activation of precursor gases are presented. The developed experimental setup for applying diamond coatings is described. Diamond coatings are deposited on substrates of molybdenum, silicon with an oxide film or silicon carbide on the surface, tungsten carbide, titanium nitride, fused quartz, and on a diamond crystal. Under conditions of high temperatures and high heat fluxes to the substrate, it was possible to ensure its integrity due to the use of a specially developed substrate holder design. The resulting samples of diamond coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) and are currently being tested under the conditions required for various applications.

Design and Assessment of Children’s Pencil Holder for Chinese Writing

Incorrect pencil-holding posture is the main cause of children’s handwriting difficulties and significantly impacts their learning and development. Most pencil holders are used to write English letters, which may not be suitable for the Chinese writing environment. Therefore, this study designed a pencil holder suitable for children to write in Chinese. Two experiments were conducted herein: (1) Measurement and design of the new pencil holder and (2) Chinese handwriting efficiency detection. Firstly, 27 children were asked to hold clay to derive the hand curves of pencil holding posture and measure curve data using a contour gauge for designing a new universal pencil holder. Secondly, 30 children wrote seven representative structures of Chinese words using iPad with Apple pencil devices to compare the three types of pencil holders for writing quality assessment. The results of this study can provide a suitable shape design of the pencil holder for children in a Chinese writing environment and provide reference directions for occupational therapists and elementary school teachers to correct children’s pencil holding.

A precision dimple grinder-polisher produced by 3D printing

A precision dimple grinder-polisher has been designed and constructed using 3D printing. The purpose of the device is to produce a thin central area in 3 mm round samples for transmission electron microscopy before ion milling to electron transparency. The device can be self-made by any laboratory with a 3D printer for scientific research or teaching, and when combined with recycling and use of biodegradable filaments it can help labs reach their sustainable development goals. A novel sample holder design allows sample alignment without a monocular and thickness detection by light transmission. Novel solutions are developed for aligning the grinding disc and sample rotation motors and for fixing the polishing cloth to the polishing disc. The diameter-depth relationship is investigated for steel and plastic grinding discs. Design principles and materials are discussed, and the tool is evaluated by preparing samples from copper, silicon and tungsten, which are then examined in the transmission electron microscope to evaluate their quality.

Reduction in Total Production Cycle Time by the Tool Holder for the Automated Cutting Insert Quick Exchange and by the Double Cutting Tool Holder

The time taken to exchange a cutting tool and the actual machining time are the components in a total production cycle time for a part, that affects productivity. Automated plate exchange systems strive for the simplest possible principles to achieve the shortest possible tool exchange time with sufficient accuracy. The tool holder in the presented article is based on the principle of a combination of translational, rotational movement, and stop surfaces by using a single pull–push rod for simple control. The article provides alternative tool holder designs and turning results of such holders using Rz-f dependence. The results of the time reduction are satisfactory and give a prerequisite for using a tool holder for the automated exchange of triangular cutting inserts. Moreover, the article provides the approach to reduce the mentioned total production cycle time by a reduction in the actual machining time for a part by use of tooltip radii, not by increasing the cutting speed. The triangular cutting insert can have three tooltips of three different tooltip radii for roughing and finishing. In addition, for reduction of the actual machining time, the double cutting tool with both the small tooltip radius for rouging and the large tooltip radius for finishing is presented. The double tool holders showed a 2.4-times reduction in the actual machining time for a part with Rz = 20 µm.

Design of coil holder for the improved maneuvering in concurrent TMS-MRI

BackgroundConcurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is time-consuming because of the limited space in the MRI bore and the sophisticated placement and orientation of the TMS coil to elicit the desired brain activities and behaviors. ObjectiveWe developed a TMS coil holder capable of quick adjustment of the TMS coil position and orientation. The holder can also hold an MRI receiver coil array. MethodsA holder with one controlling knob, two omni-direction rotation joints, and two in-plane rotation joints was developed. ResultsDifferent TMS coil positions and orientations can be arranged and fixed in seconds. The holder can also accommodate two TMS coils to allow for multi-coil TMS-MRI. ConclusionOur development significantly improves the workflow of the concurrent TMS-MRI in new neuroscience studies and clinical applications.

Accurate Cutting-Force Measurement with Smart Tool Holder in Lathe.

Cutting force in lathe work is closely related to tool wear and affects the turning quality. Direct measurement of the cutting force by measuring the strain of the tool holder is challenging because the tool holder design aims to be highly rigid in order to undertake large cutting forces. Accordingly, the most popular dynamometer designs modify the standard tool holder by decreasing the structural rigidity of the holder, which reduces the machining precision and is not widely accepted. In order to solve the issue of the low stiffness of the dynamometer reducing the machining precision, in this paper, the ultra-low strain on the tool holder was successfully detected by the highly sensitive semiconductor strain gauges (SCSG) adjacent to the blade cutting insert. However, the cutting process would generate much heat, which increases the force measuring area temperature of the tool holder by about 30 °C. As a result, the readout drifted significantly with the temperature changes due to the high temperature coefficient of SCSG. To solve this problem, the temperature on the tool holder was monitored and a BP neural network was proposed to compensate for temperature drift errors. Our methods improved the sensitivity (1.14 × 10-2 mV/N) and the average relative error of the BP neural network prediction (≤1.48%) while maintaining the original stiffness of the tool holder. The smart tool holder developed possesses high natural frequency (≥6 kHz), it is very suitable for dynamic cutting-force measurement. The cutting experiment data in the lathe work show comparable performance with the traditional dynamometers and the resolution of the smart tool holder is 2 N (0.25% of total range).

Mechanical design of target holder for irradiation damage experiment at high power

High energy ion beams from cyclotron are used for emulating radiation damage in materials. High beam currents help in achieving the required dose and damage (in terms of dpa) in short duration. However, with high beam current, the total power deposited in the samples will be large. Thus, suitable design of the target holder with associated cooling facility is of utmost importance to carry out these experiments successfully.Detailed experimental work supplemented with analytical work has been carried out with a systematic approach to finalize the design of target holder to be used for irradiation experiment.

Application and Research of Hakka Building Codes in Cultural and Creative Product Design

In the development of the cultural and creative industry, popular cultural and creative attractions are reviewed for integrating local architecture, history, and culture into products to promote local economy and culture. We conducted a field investigation at the Xiaojia ancient house in Jiadong Township, Pingtung County, and found that there was a cultural cognitive gap between local cultural and creative products and consumers, which was a dilemma in promoting the development of the local cultural and creative industry. Through the design thinking of cultural and creative products, the spirit of Hakka culture can be delivered and expanded into local specialty products. In the design of cultural and creative products, we used the KJ method to analyze, summarize, and extract the most representative architectural features as the source of design elements. At the same time, combined with the principles of design semiotics, deep cultural symbols were integrated into the product design of the pen holder with richer local spiritual meaning. The traditional and modern elements of the Xiao family’s ancient house were combined to design a multi-functional cultural and creative pen holder. It brought a unique cultural experience and promoted the local cultural and creative industries and the Hakka culture of Xiaojia Ancient House to develop related culture and tourism. Semiotics and the KJ method in theory and practice were useful in product design and programming to develop local cultural and creative products. In the future, we apply this design method to different cultures and cross-domains to achieve wider research and application.

The design and construction of a collimator holder to equip beam tube D of the Tehran research reactor

The continued safe and efficient operation of a research reactor depends on the behavior of the structural materials making up its main components. Many of these materials are difficult to replace in view of hard-to-reach locations after installation or even storage after years of use due to radiation from high exposure to neutrons inside the research reactor structure. The neutron collimator is a major part of the beam-related devices used in a research reactor. This device is installed in the beam tube via a holder. The collimator holder used as a structural component of beam tube D in the Tehran Research Reactor (TRR) has been made of cast iron. This component has been installed inside the beam tube and subjected to irradiation for 30 years. As a result, it has become severely damaged and must be transferred to radioactive waste storage. A necessary measure to recommission beam tube D in TRR is selecting a replacement with higher quality. Suitable candidates for this purpose would be materials that retain the neutron beam quality in addition to being adequate for long lifetime management. In this case, lower induced activity, shorter half-life of produced radioisotopes, and shorter cooling time are desirable. The present work used ORIGEN2 and MCNPX2.6 computational codes to compare various materials, such as barite concrete (type BA), Portland iron concrete, and stainless steel (316), in terms of the induced activity for various reactor operation periods, radiation level for various cooling periods, and neutron and photon beam parameters at the beam tube nozzles. The results indicated that replacing cast iron with Barite concrete (type BA) retains the quality of the neutron beam. In addition, 11.2, 2.81, and 3.63 times more activity was induced in stainless steel, Portland iron concrete, and cast iron, respectively, compared to type-BA barite concrete after 30 years under identical conditions. Since barite concrete is economical and simpler to manufacture, it was a suitable replacement for cast iron as the material for the collimator holder in beam tube D in TRR. In addition, Barite concrete holder was constructed based on the calculations made in this research. The results showed a good agreement between dosimetry experimental data and calculation results with a 3 % error.

Radio-Frequency Near-Field Sensor Design for Minuscule Internal Motion

We present the improved design of a radio-frequency (RF) near-field sensor for minuscule internal motion inside structures and small animals. The design tradeoffs of the antenna placement and transceiver configuration are explored experimentally by a structural setup of the fluid stirrer. The sensor performance is benchmarked in various antenna configurations and quadrature baseband sampling settings. An optimized antenna pair holder design is then applied to a continuous touchless recording for the respiration and heartbeat of nestling and adult tree swallows noninvasively. Furthermore, we also built a low-power portable all-in-one RF sensor printed circuit board (PCB) using the system parameters from previous experiments. A 40-min experiment on a conscious and free-to-move 13-day-old nestling tree swallow for respiration monitoring was successfully conducted.

Design and Fabrication of an Ultrasonic Testing Probe Holder to Inspect Overhead Anchor Bolts

This paper aims to study the design and fabrication of a novel ultrasonic testing probe holder for inspecting different types of carbon steel anchor bolts in an overhead position. There are many factors impacted by the new design of the probe holder, including test results quality, operating cost, inspection time, test efficiency, and inspection safety. The test consistency and time saved to inspect overhead bolts are the most important benefits for the new probe design, as it can obtain high-quality inspection results almost immediately with minimum manual operation required.

A new methodology to efficiently test pitting corrosion: design of a 3D-printed sample holder to avoid the occurrence of crevice corrosion in chemically aggressive media

A new methodology to efficiently test pitting corrosion: design of a 3D-printed sample holder to avoid the occurrence of crevice corrosion in chemically aggressive media

Comparison of conventional and castroviejo needle holders in terms of vascular anastomosis time in renal transplant

Objective: It is important that the anastomosis time of renal vascular structures is not prolonged to minimize the potentially harmful effect of warm and cold ischemic times. This study aimed to determine the effect of the needle holder design used in vascular anastomosis during renal transplantation on the duration of anastomosis.Material and Methods: Patients that underwent renal transplantation at our clinic between September 2011 and February 2020, were divided into groups according to the two types of needle holders used in anastomoses. In Group 1, a conventional, Hegar-type, straight, 180-mm (7”) Ryder Diadust needle holder was used. In Group 2, a pen-type, straight, 215-mm (8 ½”) Castroviejo Durogrip TC micro needle holder was used. Demographic characteristics, vascular characteristics, and vascular anastomosis times were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 75 patients were included in the study. There were 39 (52%) patients in Group 1 and 36 (48%) patients in Group 2. The mean number of arteries was 1.2 ± 0.4, and the mean arterial diameter was 5.3 ± 1.2 mm in the whole cohort, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.196 and 0.304, respectively). The mean arterial anastomosis time was 15 ± 5.1 minutes in Group 1 and 10 ± 3.9 minutes in Group 2. The mean venous anastomosis times were 18.4 ± 6.1 in Group 1 and 14.7 ± 4 minutes in Group 2. In the statistical analysis, the arterial and vein anastomosis times were found to be significantly shorter in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p=0.038 and p=0.020, respectively).Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that the renal arterial and venous anastomosis times were significantly shorter in the group in which the pen-type Castroviejo needle holder was used in anastomoses performed during renal transplantation.

Mapping the effect of substrate temperature inhomogeneity during microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition nanocrystalline diamond growth

It is important to account for variance in substrate temperature during microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (MPECVD) nanocrystalline diamond growth, as this has a significant impact on the uniformity of the grown film. In this work, an in-situ method of mapping the substrate temperature under MPECVD growth conditions is demonstrated, employing a mirror galvanometer to scan the field of view of a dual-wavelength pyrometer across the substrate. Temperature maps generated were compared to plasma electron densities simulated using a finite element model. An increase in temperature and simulated plasma density were seen towards the centre of the holder. The properties of nanocrystalline diamond films were mapped using ex-situ Raman spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). A greater SE-measured bulk thickness and bulk sp3 fraction, as well as a greater first-order diamond Raman intensity and lower full width at half maximum were seen in the higher-temperature central region, demonstrating the impact of substrate temperature inhomogeneity during growth. The temperature mapping technique demonstrated allows easy evaluation of the impact of substrate holder design, microwave power and chamber pressure on substrate temperature homogeneity, and therefore optimisation of growth conditions for uniform diamond film growth.

Using Kansei Engineering for the Design Thinking Framework: Bamboo Pen Holder Product Design

Recently, as a potential source of stationery products, bamboo has been continuously excavated for its commercial value in sustainable development. The research on the design of the bamboo pen holder, based on the concept of sustainable design, is not only a symbol of Chinese culture but also a reflection of perceptual factors underlying college students’ preferences. This study aims at user-centered product design by integrating Design Thinking (DT) and Kansei Engineering (KE). We proposed the KE–DT framework which allows designers to coordinate the user’s feelings as design elements. With various college student questionnaires, expert interviews, and cluster analysis, 7 Kansei words were selected to describe the sentimental value first. Using statistical analysis, the users’ emotional preference for each Kansei word was determined. Finally, the best shape of the pen holder was obtained by Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP), and the stereoscopic product was displayed. A new round of questionnaire surveys was conducted with the optimized pen container and the previous group. The results indicated that curvature had a significant effect on the preference for bamboo stationery in terms of user and designer cognitive differences. Furthermore, the bamboo pen holder designed by the KE–DT framework proved widely popular.

Head holder and cranial window design for sequential magnetic resonance imaging and optical imaging in awake mice.

Medical imaging techniques are widely used in preclinical research as diagnostic tools to detect physiological abnormalities and assess the progression of neurovascular disease in animal models. Despite the wealth of imaging options in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), interpretation of imaging-derived parameters regarding underlying tissue properties is difficult due to technical limitations or lack of parameter specificity. To address the challenge of interpretation, we present an animal preparation protocol to achieve quantitative measures from both MRI and advanced optical techniques, including laser speckle contrast imaging and two-photon microscopy, in murine models. In this manner, non-translatable methods support and improve interpretation of less specific, translatable methods, i.e., MRI. Combining modalities for improved clinical interpretation involves satisfying the requirements of various methods. Furthermore, physiology unperturbed by anesthetics is a prerequisite for the strategy to succeed. Awake animal imaging with restraint provides an alternative to anesthesia and facilitates translatability of cerebral measurements. The method outlines design requirements for the setup and a corresponding reproducible surgical procedure for implanting a 3D printed head holder and cranial window to enable repeated multimodal imaging. We document the development, application, and validation of the method and provide examples confirming the usefulness of the design in acquiring high quality data from multiple modalities for quantification of a wide range of metrics of cerebral physiology in the same animal. The method contributes to preclinical small animal imaging, enabling sequential imaging of previously mutually exclusive techniques.