Design Of Control Circuit Research Articles

Design of Intelligent Feeding Control System Based on S7-1200 PLC

In order to satisfy the needs of pig breeding, an intelligent feeding control system based on S7 1200PLC is designed in this paper. The design scheme selects Siemens S7-1200 PLC as the main controller and MCGS TPC7062TI touch screen as the man-machine interface. The article has carried on the electrical design, including I/O address allocation, the main circuit design, the control circuit design and so on, and has written the PLC control program in the debugging mode and the operation mode, finally has designed the man-machine interface to realize the configuration of the system using MCGS. After the actual operation, the system runs stably, safely and reliably, has achieved the expected goal, and has a certain prospect of popularization and application.

Control Design and Realization of a Fast Transient Response, High-Reliability DC-DC Converter With a Secondary- Side Control Circuit

In high-reliability applications, DC/DC converters should realize high-efficiency and fast-transient in harsh environments. Thus, the circuit parameter design and the reliability design are both critical. The secondary-side control circuit has a faster transient and a simpler gate-drive than the primary-side control circuit, which has been used for over twenty years. However, the detailed design procedure and analysis of the high-reliability secondary-side control circuit have not been presented in the literature. This article introduces a secondary-side control circuit design and its small-signal modeling procedure with a peak-current-mode-control (PCMC) forward converter. The reliability design and evaluation for thick-film converter are demonstrated. A 100-watt prototype is manufactured, and its steady-state waveforms and transient waveforms are tested and then compared with other high-reliability products. The experimental results show that the peak efficiency reaches 90.6%; the load transient response is 330mV/560μs; and the mean-time-between-failure (MTBF) value is 481 kilo-hours, proving the fast-transient and high-reliability features of the secondary-side control circuit.

Portable DC Supply Powered from Battery

This contribution refers about a design and development of a regulated DC-DC converter with pulse transformer, which is powered from a battery or an on-board car network. This converter with adjustable output voltage and current value can supply many appliances. The design of pulse transformer, secondary rectifier, output filter, switching transistors, and control circuits is included.

Design of Multi-function Power Factor Instrument with STM32

Background: A multifunctional power factor device based on the FFT algorithm has been designed. The digital panel can display power factor, voltage, current, frequency, phase angle, active power and reactive power. Objective: To solve the influence of the harmonic interference and the aperiodic component on the accuracy of power factor measurement. Methods: In this paper, by combining a fixed-point 256-point FFT algorithm and taking STM32 as the core microcontroller, the hardware circuit and the software program are designed respectively. The hardware circuit is tested and analyzed in practice. Among them, the hardware circuit mainly includes the main circuit design, STM32 control circuit design, EMI and second-order RC filter circuit design, sampling circuit design, and signal conditioning circuit design. The software program mainly includes the main program, AD conversion subroutine, voltage and current acquisition subroutine, LCD display subroutine and twirl factor array. FFT algorithm is achieved by the table look-up method. Results: Finally, the hardware circuit is built and the software program is debugged to test the designed device. The experimental results show that the designed power factor instrument meets the task requirements under the different types of loads. Conclusion: After processing and analyzing the measurement results, it can be concluded that: under the pure resistive load, the maximal relative error of electrical parameters is 4.49%; and under the resistive inductive load, the maximal relative error of electrical parameters is 2.86%. Both results meet the design requirements.

Development of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Control Device

This article is dedicated to creating a low-cost intelligent agricultural machinery control equipment based on ATmega 328p chip. The created control device is used to directly connect various peripheral sensors and actuators of the intelligent agricultural machinery to the computer. The controller circuit design diagram is given, and the control method is presented. The accuracy of the signal input/output channels of the control device to transmit signals was verified through experiments, and the control device was applied to the intelligent agricultural machinery experiment platform. The experimental results are analyzed and suggestions for further development of the control device are provided.

Design of chaotic laser driver and temperature control circuit based on ADN8810 and ADN8835

In order to obtain high stability driving current for chaotic laser and achieve high precision adjustment of chaotic laser driving current and temperature, based on the ADN8810 and ADN8835 chips, we design a chaotic laser drive and temperature control circuit for the chaotic laser. The driving current can be output from 0 to 80 mA, which satisfies the minimum regulation accuracy of 0.01 mA and a linearly adjustable drive capability. The maximum voltage value of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) terminal can be adjusted internally in the range from 0.5 to 4.5 V to adapt to lasers with different TECs. The maximum current value of the TEC can be adjusted in the range from 0.5 to 4.3 A to protect the laser. The experimental results prove that the stability of the driving current for the circuit output is better than 0.007%, and the maximum fluctuation of the laser temperature is 0.17 ℃ within 2 hours, which can meet the needs of chaotic lasers.

Laboratory Simulation of Numerical Over-Current Protection

The development of a hardware simulation of the power system faults and protection by a numerical over-current and earth fault relay in a laboratory environment is depicted in this paper. The development is aimed at providing motivation and creating interest in the students for the complex design of relay setting coordination, fault analysis, control circuit design, communication and configuration of the latest numerical relays. The hardware simulation panel setup comprises of a three-phase two-section radial distribution system. Flexible connections are provided to changeover the numerical relay current input source from the current transformer secondary to the relay test set output. It helps in the multiple uses of the panel for testing, configuring and application of the numerical relay. Two different models of numerical relays, namely SPAJ-140C and REF615 of ABB make are mounted on the panel. The installation, commissioning, testing and configuration for various IEC and IEEE characteristics are accomplished. The work progress is achieved through the final year student projects, thus providing technical and hands-on skills to the students. The laboratory manual has been developed for conducting experiments as a part of the laboratory curriculum for the power system protection course at UG and PG level. The manual and the panel developed are also useful in conducting the training programs for the state power utility company’s engineers as a part of industry–institute interaction.

Band-to-Band Tunneling Based Ultra-Energy-Efficient Silicon Neuron

The human brain comprises about a hundred billion neurons connected through quadrillion synapses. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) take inspiration from the brain to model complex cognitive and learning tasks. Neuromorphic engineering implements SNNs in hardware, aspiring to mimic the brain at scale (i.e., 100 billion neurons) with biological area and energy efficiency. The design of ultra-energy efficient and compact neurons is essential for the large-scale implementation of SNNs in hardware. In this work, we have experimentally demonstrated a Partially Depleted (PD) Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) MOSFET based Leaky-Integrate & Fire (LIF) neuron where energy-and area-efficiency is enabled by two elements of design - first tunneling based operation and second compact sub-threshold SOI control circuit design. Band-to-Band Tunneling (BTBT) induced hole storage in the body is used for the "Integrate" function of the neuron. A compact control circuit "Fires" a spike when the body potential exceeds the firing threshold. The neuron then "Resets" by removing the stored holes from the body contact of the device. Additionally, the control circuit provides "Leakiness" in the neuron which is an essential property of biological neurons. The proposed neuron provides 10x higher area efficiency compared to CMOS design with equivalent energy/spike. Alternatively, it has 10^4x higher energy efficiency at area-equivalent neuron technologies. Biologically comparable energy- and area-efficiency along with CMOS compatibility make the proposed device attractive for large-scale hardware implementation of SNNs.

Implementing NI Environment for A Remotely Accessed Photovoltaic Module Characterizer.

This paper surveys how the characterization process for a Photovoltaic module (PV) is implemented to serve in introductory undergraduate courses and research purposes. The characterizer has the capability of measuring the I-V and P-V characteristic curve of the PV module attached to the system with indicating the solar irradiance that is sensed during the measurement. Also a control circuit design is implemented for dual tracking the PV module. In addition, the developed program introduces the facility of compering the measured data with a numerical based simulation data results from a PV simulator using MATLAB platform. The use of the NI Environment facilitates the Internet publication opportunity where users can access the setup remotely. The remote accessibility is considered as a significant credit in integrating the setup as a demonstration tool in teaching modules as well as student accessibility. The results of the NI software is presented and discussed and analysed.

Neural Network-Based Co-Simulation Technology for Intelligent Contactors

A simulation method of an intelligent contactor is presented by using a neural network to fit the proven relationship among the flux linkage, the electrical current, and the moving core displacement of a contactor in this article. First, the neural network algorithm is trained by the operational data of a contactor driven by a basic training circuit to solve the coil current. Then, a dynamic simulation program of the contactor model is constructed via combining the algorithm and dynamic differential equations. On this basis, by means of the co-simulation technology, the point-by-point closed-loop simulation between the control module and the contactor model is carried out. Accordingly, the co-simulation of an intelligent contactor based on a neural network is completed. The simulation method can avoid the complex finite-element modeling of a contactor and realize the model extraction of an arbitrary contactor. The extracted model can be combined with a drive circuit and any control strategy to perform the co-simulation, which is convenient for the flexible design of hardware control circuits and software control strategies of various intelligent contactors.

A Recent Electronic Control Circuit to a Throttle Device

The main objective of this paper was to conceive a new electronic control circuit to the throttle device. The throttle mechanical actuator is the most important part in an automotive gasoline engine. Among the different control strategies recently reported, an easy to implement control scheme is an open research topic in the analog electronic engineering field. Hence, we propose using the nonlinear dwell switching control theory for an analog electronic control unit, to manipulate an automotive throttle plate. Due to the switching mechanism commuting between a stable and an unstable controllers, the resultant closed-loop system is robust enough to the control objective. This fact is experimentally evidenced. The proposed electronic controller uses operational amplifiers along with an Arduino unit. This unit is just employed to generate the related switching signal that can be replaced by using, for instance, the timer IC555. Thus, this study is a contribution on design and realization of an electronic control circuit to the throttle device.

Applications Research of Electrical Control Circuit Design

Electrical control circuit design plays an important role in electrical engineering projects. Good design of electric control circuit will be beneficial to the orderly operation of power system. Unreasonable design of electric control circuit will hinder the normal operation of power system. This paper mainly discusses the importance of electrical control circuit design, and points out that electrical control circuit design should follow the principles of generality, stability and economic. This paper also discusses the design methods and key points of electrical control circuit, and gives the design ideas of down lead lines and distribution boxes, which provides references for the relevant researchers.

МАКСИМАЛЬНАЯ МОЩНОСТЬ КОММУТИРУЕМОГО P-I-N ДИОДАМИ АНТЕННО-СОГЛАСУЮЩЕГО УСТРОЙСТВА ДИАПАЗОНА ВЧ ПРИ РАССОГЛАСОВАНИИ НАГРУЗКИ

PIN diodes, as inertial nonlinear elements, are widely used in transceiver equipment of various frequency ranges as limiters, attenuators and phase shifters. Also, with their help, it is possible to implement double-sided switching elements used, among other things, in switches and automatic antenna-matching devices of the HF range. Literary sources note that PIN diode switches in the HF range are capable of switching power up to 2 kW. In this case, only the task of switching the sub-octave bandpass filters of the transmitter is meant when operating at a perfectly matched load in a 50 Ohm path. The article discusses the features of the operation of PIN diodes in the HF range and determines the limiting values of the switched power depending on the parameters of the device and the load resistance. Examples of the circuit design of high-speed control circuits are given. The analysis of the maximum power of an automatic antenna-matching device of the HF range, carried out using the example of the most famous samples, with a load mismatch with PIN diodes, showed that in the case of a matched load, they can be used up to power levels practically equal to 2 kW. With a strong load mismatch, which is observed in most practical cases, especially when using communication facilities on mobile objects with electrically short antennas, the maximum power levels are reduced to 170 W when operating at frequencies above 3 MHz and to 100 W when operating at frequencies above 1 MHz.

Stability of charge-pump phase-locked loops: the hold-in and pull-in ranges

The problem of design and analysis of synchronization control circuits is a challenging task for many applications: satellite navigation, digital communication, wireless networks, and others. In this article the Charge-Pump Phase-Locked Loop (CP-PLL) electronic circuit, which is used for frequency synthesis and clock generation in computer architectures, is studied. Analysis of CP-PLL is not trivial: full mathematical model, rigorous definitions, and analysis still remain open issues in many respects. This article is devoted to development of a mathematical model, taking into account engineering aspects of the circuit, interpretation of core engineering problems, definition in relation to mathematical model, and rigorous analysis.

CAN BUS BASED BMS CONTROL CARD DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION BY USING STM32f103 SERIES MICROCONTROLLER

In this study, battery charge control circuit design which is used for storage in electric vehicles or renewable energy system has been realized. The BMS card is designed for a system of four battery cells. The circuit board is designed based on the CAN-Bus communication system and the STM32f103 series microprocessor is used. Circuit design is made of industrial circuit board specifications. Battery Management System (BMS) card design was realized by taking into consideration the methods to reduce the electromagnetic noise. In this study CAN-Bus communication protocol especially selected. Thanks to this protocol, data from many sensors in the vehicle can be controlled using only 2 wires. Although CAN protocol is used mainly in automotive sector, it is used in many systems including microprocessor due to the reasons such as data transmission rate, low error rate and ease of application. The power circuit, control units and CAN Bus communication layer of the designed card have been tested and ready for use.

A new 3-D chaotic system with four quadratic nonlinear terms, its global chaos control via passive control method and circuit design

This paper reports the finding of a new three-dimensional chaotic system with four quadratic nonlinear terms. The paper starts with a detailed dynamic analysis of the properties of the system such as phase plots, Lyapunov exponents, Kaplan-Yorke dimension and equilibrium points. Our new chaotic system is obtained by modifying the dynamics of the Zhu chaotic system (2010), and it has complex chaotic properties. As an engineering application, passive control method is applied for the global chaos control of the new chaotic system. Finally, an electronic circuit implementation of the new chaotic system is designed and implemented in MultiSIM. A good qualitative agreement has been shown between the MATLAB simulations of the new chaotic system and the MultiSIM results.

Modeling and Control of Peak Current Mode Non-ideal Buck Converter

Based on the energy conservation method and the average modeling method of switching elements, considering the non-ideal parameters of the actual circuit, the whole peak current mode control non-ideal Buck converter system model is established. On this basis, for the equivalent power level, there are still some problems such as slow response speed and poor stability. A voltage controller compensation method is proposed and a system model including voltage controller compensation network is established. Through the analysis of the model and the simulation in Matlab, it can be seen that the model is intuitive and clear in physical meaning, which can more accurately reflect the working condition of the actual circuit. The designed voltage controller can improve the performance of the converter and can be DC-DC. The design of the converter system control circuit provides a theoretical basis.

Origami for Tight Spaces - 3D 250C PCB Assemblies for Control Systems

Printed circuit board (PCB) assemblies must fit into unusual spaces for many real-life, high temperature applications such as sensors and actuators. This paper details the design and manufacture of a complex control circuit for a jet engine fuel flow valve. “Origami” was needed to fit this control circuitry into the tight space in the valve, this was achieved using a high temperature flex rigid PCB assembly. The valve was mounted on a hot section of the engine, and the assembly was tested for its capability to operate at 178°C and withstand multiple thermal cycles of −55°C and 175°C during its operational life. Various component joining media were investigated to extend the life of the assembly. The project also developed a one-time programmable (OTP) memory aimed at up to 300°C operation for on board memory to provide calibration data or boot memory for high temperature microcontrollers or processors. The device was based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology.

The multilevel inverter with clamped-diode

<p>In this study, the author analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of multi-level inverter compared to the traditional two-level inverter and then chose the suitable inverter. Specifically, the author analyzes and designs the three-level inverter, including the power circuit design and control circuit design. All designs are verified through the numerical simulation on Matlab. The results show that even though the three-level inverter has a low number of switches (only 12 switches), but the quality is very good: the total harmonic distortion is small; the output voltage always follows the reference voltage.</p>

Multiobjective optimization of gene circuits for metabolic engineering

Metabolic engineering has enabled the production of a wealth of chemicals with microorganisms. Classic strategies for pathway engineering rely on the expression of heterologous enzymes in a host that convert native intermediates into target products. Although traditional implementations are based on open-loop control, recent advances in gene circuit engineering offer opportunities for building feedback systems that dynamically control pathway activity. Here we present a framework for the design of metabolic control circuits based on multi objective optimization. We show that positive and negative feedback loops produce a range of optimal dynamics along a Pareto front. Such regulatory loops define connectivities between pathway intermediates and enzymatic genes that trade-off metabolic production against the burden to the host. Our results lay the groundwork for the automated design of gene circuitry in applications at the interface of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.